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<document id="E8DCB9DBD31D5C7CF37A25D5E8319500" ID-CLB-Dataset="45976" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.205242" ID-GBIF-Dataset="abff3177-6762-47ae-bc19-4503f7d41774" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="205242" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460410161616" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy &amp; De, Claudio J. B." docDate="2011" docId="03A8E828FF942905DCB57341FC3CF87A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03101p037.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3101" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Psychoda litotes Quate" docType="treatment" docVersion="17" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FF919050FF982909DC227120FFDFFF8B" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698300371931" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B1CCE18A76551AF8408C901E0C71008E">Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B2A504EFAA72BC3B3261D5B248FE5BFD">Cordeiro, Danilo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CB9C615C28FA5E3AC68A01D63621CA9A">Bravo, Freddy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FC58F1058B8207C571FDDF300419102D">De, Claudio J. B.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03A8E828FF942905DCB57341FC3CF87A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6192105" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119423180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6192105" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A8E828FF942905DCB57341FC3CF87A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF942905DCB57341FC3CF87A" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<subSubSection id="C31B0AB5FF942905DCB57341FEF8FD17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBE593EFF942905DCB57341FE72FDF1" blockId="12.[151,429,608,668]" box="[151,429,608,635]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="D0F6EE52FF942905DCB57341FE72FDF1" bold="true" box="[151,429,608,635]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C0122BDFF942905DCB57341FE72FDF1" ID-CoL="4PMLV" authority="Quate" authorityName="Quate" box="[151,429,608,635]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Psychoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litotes">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DCB57341FE72FDF1" bold="true" box="[151,429,608,635]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DCB57341FE85FDF0" bold="true" box="[151,346,609,635]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Psychoda litotes</emphasis>
Quate
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE593EFF942905DCB573A4FEF8FD17" blockId="12.[151,429,608,668]" box="[151,295,644,668]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
(
<figureCitation id="133A45BBFF942905DCBD73A4FEC0FD17" box="[159,287,644,668]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 31" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1607,1630]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,198,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1586]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 31. Psychoda litotes: 23. Head. 24. Antenna, apical flagellomeres. 25. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 26. Palpus. 27. Labellum. 28. Wing. 29. Distitarsus. 30. Subgenital plate and genital chamber. 31. Subgenital plate, internal ornamentation. [Scale 0.5 mm (28), other pictures 0.06 mm]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 2331</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B0AB5FF942905DCB573ECFB80FD6A" box="[151,1119,715,738]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBE593EFF942905DCB573ECFB80FD6A" blockId="12.[151,1119,715,738]" box="[151,1119,715,738]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB117E10FF942905DCB573ECFB80FD6A" box="[151,1119,715,738]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C0122BDFF942905DCB573ECFE36FD6A" ID-CoL="4PMLV" authority="Quate, 1996: 64" authorityName="Quate" authorityPageNumber="64" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,489,715,738]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Psychoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litotes">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DCB573ECFEE1FD69" box="[151,318,716,738]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Psychoda litotes</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA07F2FFF942905DD6673ECFE36FD6A" author="Quate" box="[324,489,715,737]" page="64" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9024CFFF942905DD6673ECFE1CFD6A" author="Quate" box="[324,451,715,737]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Quate, L. W. (1996) Preliminary taxonomic of Costa Rica: Psychodidae (Diptera), exclusive of Plebotominae. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44 (Supplement 1), 1 - 81" type="journal article" year="1996">Quate, 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 64
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54BAE79CFF942905DDD173EDFDFAFD69" box="[499,549,717,738]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type</typeStatus>
Locality:
<collectingCountry id="F31619AEFF942905DEAF73ECFD24FD6A" box="[653,763,715,737]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
(Heredia, Estación Biol. La Selva)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B0AB5FF942905DCB5722EFD95FCE5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBE593EFF942905DCB5722EFD95FCE5" blockId="12.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DCB5722EFECEFCAC" bold="true" box="[151,273,782,807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, 13th smaller than 12th, and 12th smaller than 11th flagellomere; palpal formula: 1.0:1.2:1.2:1.6; radial and medial forks incomplete; subgenital plate subquadrate, wider than long, with internal ornamentation chalice-shaped.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B0AB5FF942905DCE7725BFE59FAAA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBE593EFF942905DCE7725BFEE8FB76" blockId="12.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DCE7725BFEFCFC18" bold="true" box="[197,291,891,915]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Female.</emphasis>
Head (
<figureCitation id="133A45BBFF942905DD58725AFE0EFC19" box="[378,465,890,914]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 31" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1607,1630]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,198,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1586]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 31. Psychoda litotes: 23. Head. 24. Antenna, apical flagellomeres. 25. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 26. Palpus. 27. Labellum. 28. Wing. 29. Distitarsus. 30. Subgenital plate and genital chamber. 31. Subgenital plate, internal ornamentation. [Scale 0.5 mm (28), other pictures 0.06 mm]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1; eye bridge with 4 facets; separated by 1.01.6 facet diameters; 67 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 1 or 2 stronger lateral alveoli (sometimes not evident); frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna with 13 flagellomeres, the 2 apical reduced (
<figureCitation id="133A45BBFF942905DE1E72C6FD4BFC75" box="[572,660,998,1022]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 31" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1607,1630]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,198,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1586]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 31. Psychoda litotes: 23. Head. 24. Antenna, apical flagellomeres. 25. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 26. Palpus. 27. Labellum. 28. Wing. 29. Distitarsus. 30. Subgenital plate and genital chamber. 31. Subgenital plate, internal ornamentation. [Scale 0.5 mm (28), other pictures 0.06 mm]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
); 12th and 13th flagellomeres fused, 13th shorter than 12th; spines present on 11th and 13th flagellomeres; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of the subspherical pedicel (
<figureCitation id="133A45BBFF942905D915752AFA50FBA9" box="[1335,1423,1034,1058]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 31" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1607,1630]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,198,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1586]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 31. Psychoda litotes: 23. Head. 24. Antenna, apical flagellomeres. 25. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 26. Palpus. 27. Labellum. 28. Wing. 29. Distitarsus. 30. Subgenital plate and genital chamber. 31. Subgenital plate, internal ornamentation. [Scale 0.5 mm (28), other pictures 0.06 mm]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
); ascoids in Y; palpal formula 1.0:1.2(1.11.2):1.2(1.11.2):1.6(1.51.7) (
<figureCitation id="133A45BBFF942905DFE1750EFBC7FBCD" box="[963,1048,1070,1094]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 31" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1607,1630]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,198,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1586]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 31. Psychoda litotes: 23. Head. 24. Antenna, apical flagellomeres. 25. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 26. Palpus. 27. Labellum. 28. Wing. 29. Distitarsus. 30. Subgenital plate and genital chamber. 31. Subgenital plate, internal ornamentation. [Scale 0.5 mm (28), other pictures 0.06 mm]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
); labellum with 4 apical teeth, one shorter, and 2 lateral setae (
<figureCitation id="133A45BBFF942905DDFA7572FDF0FBE1" box="[472,559,1106,1130]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 31" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1607,1630]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,198,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1586]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 31. Psychoda litotes: 23. Head. 24. Antenna, apical flagellomeres. 25. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 26. Palpus. 27. Labellum. 28. Wing. 29. Distitarsus. 30. Subgenital plate and genital chamber. 31. Subgenital plate, internal ornamentation. [Scale 0.5 mm (28), other pictures 0.06 mm]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
). Wing (
<figureCitation id="133A45BBFF942905DEB77572FD33FBE1" box="[661,748,1106,1130]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 31" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1607,1630]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,198,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1586]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 31. Psychoda litotes: 23. Head. 24. Antenna, apical flagellomeres. 25. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 26. Palpus. 27. Labellum. 28. Wing. 29. Distitarsus. 30. Subgenital plate and genital chamber. 31. Subgenital plate, internal ornamentation. [Scale 0.5 mm (28), other pictures 0.06 mm]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
): Sc vein not extending beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks incomplete; veins R5, CuA1, and costal cell slightly darkened. Distitarsus with apical projection (
<figureCitation id="133A45BBFF942905D94C7556FF68FB3E" captionStart="FIGURES 23 31" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1607,1630]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,198,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1586]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 31. Psychoda litotes: 23. Head. 24. Antenna, apical flagellomeres. 25. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 26. Palpus. 27. Labellum. 28. Wing. 29. Distitarsus. 30. Subgenital plate and genital chamber. 31. Subgenital plate, internal ornamentation. [Scale 0.5 mm (28), other pictures 0.06 mm]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
). Terminalia: subgenital plate subquadrate, little longer than wide, bilobed, homogeneously pilose except on the base (
<figureCitation id="133A45BBFF942905DCFA75E1FEF3FB52" box="[216,300,1217,1241]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 31" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1607,1630]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,198,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1586]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 31. Psychoda litotes: 23. Head. 24. Antenna, apical flagellomeres. 25. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 26. Palpus. 27. Labellum. 28. Wing. 29. Distitarsus. 30. Subgenital plate and genital chamber. 31. Subgenital plate, internal ornamentation. [Scale 0.5 mm (28), other pictures 0.06 mm]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
); genital digit present; internal ornamentation chalice shaped, as illustrated (
<figureCitation id="133A45BBFF942905D8A375E1FB0BFB52" box="[1153,1236,1217,1241]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 31" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1607,1630]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,198,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1586]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 31. Psychoda litotes: 23. Head. 24. Antenna, apical flagellomeres. 25. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 26. Palpus. 27. Labellum. 28. Wing. 29. Distitarsus. 30. Subgenital plate and genital chamber. 31. Subgenital plate, internal ornamentation. [Scale 0.5 mm (28), other pictures 0.06 mm]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
); genital chamber oval (
<figureCitation id="133A45BBFF942905DCF475C5FEF4FB76" box="[214,299,1253,1277]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 31" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1607,1630]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,198,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1586]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 31. Psychoda litotes: 23. Head. 24. Antenna, apical flagellomeres. 25. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 26. Palpus. 27. Labellum. 28. Wing. 29. Distitarsus. 30. Subgenital plate and genital chamber. 31. Subgenital plate, internal ornamentation. [Scale 0.5 mm (28), other pictures 0.06 mm]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE593EFF942905DCE7742AFE59FAAA" blockId="12.[151,1437,782,2033]" box="[197,390,1289,1314]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DCE7742AFED7FAA9" bold="true" box="[197,264,1290,1314]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B0AB5FF942905DCE7740DFE75F996" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBE593EFF942905DCE7740DFE75F996" blockId="12.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DCE7740DFE70FACD" bold="true" box="[197,431,1325,1350]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54BAE79CFF942905DD95740EFE30FACD" box="[439,495,1326,1350]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type</typeStatus>
material:
<typeStatus id="54BAE79CFF942905DE40740DFD1BFACE" box="[610,708,1325,1349]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
Ƥ
<collectingCountry id="F31619AEFF942905DECB740DFC4EFACE" box="[745,913,1325,1349]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
, Limón, Puerto Viejo de
<taxonomicName id="4C0122BDFF942905D88C740DFAF5FACE" box="[1198,1322,1325,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Psychoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="talamanca">Talamanca</taxonomicName>
, Sealevel,
<date id="FFBF7FFEFF942905DCB57471FE9CFAE2" box="[151,323,1361,1385]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1993-07-20" valueMax="1993-07-22" valueMin="1993-07-20">2022.vii.1993</date>
, Light trap, col. L. W. Quate (
<collectionCode id="ED10C1FBFF942905DE827471FD33FAE2" box="[672,748,1361,1385]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/931n-s1te" name="National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Rica" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">INBio</collectionCode>
);
<typeStatus id="54BAE79CFF942905DF237472FCBEFAE1" box="[769,865,1362,1386]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
Ƥ
<collectingCountry id="F31619AEFF942905DFAA7471FBEEFAE2" box="[904,1073,1361,1385]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
, Heredia, Puerto Viejo de Sarapaqui, Estación Biol. La Selva,
<date id="FFBF7FFEFF942905DE267455FD6FFA06" box="[516,688,1397,1421]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1993-07-22" valueMax="1993-07-25" valueMin="1993-07-22">2225.vii.1993</date>
, Luminosa, col. LWQ (
<collectionCode id="ED10C1FBFF942905DFE27455FBC8FA06" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[960,1047,1397,1421]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
). Other specimens: 1 Ƥ
<collectingCountry id="F31619AEFF942905D9127456FA47FA05" box="[1328,1432,1398,1422]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
, Amazonas, Pitinga, Grota (c),
<date id="FFBF7FFEFF942905DDD674B9FDB0FA3A" box="[500,623,1433,1457]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1991-06-29">29.vi.1991</date>
, 12cdc m, no collector name (
<collectionCode id="ED10C1FBFF942905DFC374B9FBF8FA3A" box="[993,1063,1433,1457]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">INPA</collectionCode>
); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área alterada,
<date id="FFBF7FFEFF942905DD19749DFE63FA5E" box="[315,444,1469,1493]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1997-12-13">13.xii.1997</date>
, 6cdc/m, col.
<collectingCountry id="F31619AEFF942905DE46749DFD59FA5E" box="[612,646,1469,1493]" name="Russia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">RF</collectingCountry>
/FLS/LMC (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá,
<date id="FFBF7FFEFF942905D934749DFA48FA5E" box="[1302,1431,1469,1493]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1997-12-18">18.xii.1997</date>
, 6cdc, col.
<collectingCountry id="F31619AEFF942905DD2E74C1FEF1FA72" box="[268,302,1505,1529]" name="Russia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">RF</collectingCountry>
/FLS/LMC (
<collectionCode id="ED10C1FBFF942905DD9874C1FDDFFA72" box="[442,512,1505,1529]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">INPA</collectionCode>
); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Manacapuru, Cajatuba, km 63/3, copa,
<date id="FFBF7FFEFF942905D8A874C1FB23FA72" box="[1162,1276,1505,1529]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1998-10-10">10.x.1998</date>
, 3cdc, no collector name (MZUEFS).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B0AB5FF942905DCE77709FF37F9EE" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBE593EFF942905DCE77709FF37F9EE" blockId="12.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DCE77709FE81F9C9" bold="true" box="[197,350,1577,1602]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F31619AEFF942905DD487709FE34F9CA" box="[362,491,1577,1601]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F31619AEFF942905DDD97709FDB1F9CA" box="[507,622,1577,1601]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9024CFFF942905DEA37709FBC4F9CA" author="Collantes" box="[641,1051,1577,1601]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Collantes, F. &amp; Martinez-Ortega, E. (1999) Nuevas citas de especies conocidas de Psychodinae (Diptera, Psychodidae) em Nicaragua. Revista Nicaraguense de Entomologia, 48, 17 - 27." type="journal article" year="1999">Collantes &amp; Martinez-Ortega 1999</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="F31619AEFF942905D8167709FBA7F9CA" box="[1076,1144,1577,1601]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(Amazonas and Espírito Santo).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B0AB5FF942905DCE77751FC3CF87A" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBE593EFF942905DCE77751FE11F8B6" blockId="12.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DCE77751FE92F901" bold="true" box="[197,333,1649,1674]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Comments.</emphasis>
Albeit the figures of the genitalia provided by
<bibRefCitation id="EF9024CFFF942905DF7E7751FBADF902" author="Quate" box="[860,1138,1649,1673]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Quate, L. W. (1996) Preliminary taxonomic of Costa Rica: Psychodidae (Diptera), exclusive of Plebotominae. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44 (Supplement 1), 1 - 81" type="journal article" year="1996">Quate (1996, figs. 25e-f)</bibRefCitation>
show a deeper apical concavity of the subgenital plate, the
<typeStatus id="54BAE79CFF942905DE3377B5FDACF926" box="[529,627,1685,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
examined had a shallow concavity, as in the Brazilian specimens. In the original description Quate noted some variations on the shape of this structure, like “the base being broader and the sides more convergent in some species”, but he made no mention to the apical concavity. We believe that the identical internal ornamentation and shape of genital chamber, together with all other characters, is an evidence that this is an intraspecific variation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE593EFF942905DCE77669FC3CF87A" blockId="12.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
The shape of subgenital plate and the incomplete forks in the wing ressemble
<taxonomicName id="4C0122BDFF942905D808766AFA47F8EA" authority="Quate" authorityName="Quate" box="[1066,1432,1865,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Psychoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediocris">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905D808766AFBE7F8EA" box="[1066,1080,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905D8677669FB6CF8EA" box="[1093,1203,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">mediocris</emphasis>
Quate (
<collectingCountry id="F31619AEFF942905D92E7669FA4FF8EA" box="[1292,1424,1865,1889]" name="Micronesia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Micronesia</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
, but the two species can be differenciated by the internal ornamentation of subgenital plate and apical flagellomeres, that are subequal in size and clearly separated in
<taxonomicName id="4C0122BDFF942905DE9E76B2FC99F822" box="[700,838,1937,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Psychoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediocris">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DE9E76B2FD15F822" box="[700,714,1938,1961]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DEFA76B1FC99F822" box="[728,838,1937,1961]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">mediocris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The number of flagellomeres and shape of ascoid of
<taxonomicName id="4C0122BDFF942905DCB57697FF29F845" box="[151,246,1974,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Psychoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litotes">
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DCB57697FF7AF845" box="[151,165,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DC907696FF29F845" box="[178,246,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">litotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to what is found in the subgenus
<emphasis id="B975852CFF942905DEFB7696FC8FF845" box="[729,848,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ypsydocha</emphasis>
, but the 11th and 12th flagellomeres are not fused as described for this subgenus. This is the first record of this species to
<collectingCountry id="F31619AEFF942905DFB576F9FC00F87A" box="[919,991,2009,2033]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>