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<document id="D64C62B5186A745360D542080FF19956" ID-CLB-Dataset="7176" ID-DOI="10.5252/zoosystema2021v43a10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="120db7ca-e885-4d5e-bc3d-83af0671f8d1" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4720674" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2763DA07-4D8F-4CA2-BB63-E5BC26470296" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1619445312570" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Drolshagen, Bastian &amp; Bäckstam, Christian M." docDate="2021" docId="0386CD35FF89FFB57593FE2947B09565" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.43.10.163-196.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 43 (10)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631.7:Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Linothele quori Duperre &amp; Tapia 2015" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="182" masterDocId="FFBFB54DFF9CFFA0757CFF9F44099755" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the mygalomorph spider genus Linothele Karsch, 1879 (Araneae, Dipluridae)" masterLastPageNumber="196" masterPageNumber="163" pageNumber="182" updateTime="1698937603326" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="3ADA31CAB6AD3EFBAC70081615C0908D">A taxonomic review of the mygalomorph spider genus Linothele Karsch, 1879 (Araneae, Dipluridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="307E21798A755A3EE53555EFDF28F504">Drolshagen, Bastian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FF8F7288220F73A9DAE0DAFDA76E4236">Kolberger Strasse 12 F, 76139 Karlsruhe (Germany) bdrolshagen @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5870A2EE07A5B40D0A4683A220507AAC">Bäckstam, Christian M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0EC3196FE6809D9C7DD56393ADE7505C">Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Zoology, Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm (Sweden) christian. backstam @ nrm. se</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="591016D903EBC4A68CCEFB9F2ED416CA">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E90CDE74DA76FFD8F5A4638F3781650E">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0386CD35FF89FFB57593FE2947B09565" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4721104" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181600918" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4721104" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386CD35FF89FFB57593FE2947B09565" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0386CD35FF89FFB57593FE2947B09565" lastPageNumber="182" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF89FFB57593FE2946959684" ID-CoL="3V4FJ" authority="Duperre &amp; Tapia, 2015" authorityName="Duperre &amp; Tapia" authorityYear="2015" box="[239,668,438,465]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quori">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF89FFB57593FE29459F9685" bold="true" box="[239,406,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">Linothele quori</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF89FFB574E1FE2846959684" author="Duperre &amp; Tapia" box="[413,668,438,465]" firstAuthor="Duperre" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" pagination="343" refId="ref24415" refString="DUPERRE N. &amp; TAPIA E. 2015. - Descriptions of four kleptoparasitic spiders of the genus Mysmenopsis (Araneae, Mysmenidae) and their potential host spider species in the genus Linothele (Araneae, Dipluridae) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 3972 (3): 343. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3972.3.3" type="journal article" year="2015">Dupérré &amp; Tapia, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8E5A32FF89FFB575F8FD97463F954A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6113742" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6113742" author="DUPERRE N. &amp; TAPIA E." box="[132,566,519,544]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/785BF13CFFB3FFE5FF1DFC146F16FE78" page="361" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" year="2015">
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF89FFB575F8FD97463F954A" ID-CoL="3V4FJ" authority="Duperre &amp; Tapia, 2015: 361" authorityName="Duperre &amp; Tapia" authorityPageNumber="361" authorityYear="2015" box="[132,566,519,544]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quori">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF89FFB575F8FD97451A954A" box="[132,275,520,544]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">Linothele quori</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF89FFB57466FD97463F954A" author="Duperre &amp; Tapia" box="[282,566,519,544]" firstAuthor="Duperre" page="361" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" pagination="343" refId="ref24415" refString="DUPERRE N. &amp; TAPIA E. 2015. - Descriptions of four kleptoparasitic spiders of the genus Mysmenopsis (Araneae, Mysmenidae) and their potential host spider species in the genus Linothele (Araneae, Dipluridae) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 3972 (3): 343. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3972.3.3" type="journal article" year="2015">Dupérré &amp; Tapia, 2015: 361</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 41-47.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF89FFB575F8FDD746059444" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB575F8FDD7470195FA" blockId="21.[131,776,584,714]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
TYPE MATERIAL. —
<materialsCitation id="3B47767EFF89FFB57442FDD7470195FA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3091159328" collectingDate="2014-11-20" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="E. Tapia &amp; I. Tapia &amp; A. Tapia &amp; N. Duperre" country="Ecuador" county="La Florida" elevation="884" latitude="-0.250254" location="La Florida" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.03043" municipality="Parroquia San Jose de Alluriquin" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Santo Domingo de Las Tsachilas" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF89FFB57442FDD745F39535" bold="true" box="[318,506,584,608]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
<typeStatus id="5494C281FF89FFB57442FDD745979535" box="[318,414,584,608]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F3383CB3FF89FFB574D4FDD745F39535" box="[424,506,584,608]" name="Ecuador" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D29B7AAFF89FFB57771FDD44628950A" box="[525,545,587,607]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" type="male"></specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="49EBB2C1FF89FFB57750FDD744D1952F" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">Santo Domingo de Las Tsáchilas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF4E659FF89FFB575A3FDFD4601952F" box="[223,520,610,634]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">Parroquia San José de Alluriquín</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EF02AF8FF89FFB57773FDFC4666952F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386CD35FF89FFB57593FE2947B09565:8EF02AF8FF89FFB57773FDFC4666952F" box="[527,623,610,634]" country="Ecuador" county="La Florida" latitude="-0.250254" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.03043" municipality="Parroquia San Jose de Alluriquin" name="La Florida" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" stateProvince="Santo Domingo de Las Tsachilas">La Florida</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1B1AE4FF89FFB5770AFDFD470B952F" box="[630,770,610,634]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" precision="1" seconds="0.9144" value="-0.250254">0°150.9144”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1B1AE4FF89FFB575F8FDE2451695C0" box="[132,287,637,661]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="1" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" precision="1" seconds="49.547" value="-79.03043">79°149.547”W</geoCoordinate>
;
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<quantity id="4CD7D1C6FF89FFB57456FDE2456195C1" box="[298,360,637,661]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.84" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" unit="m" value="884.0">884 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="FF915AE3FF89FFB574D8FDE2461195C0" box="[420,536,637,661]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" value="2014-11-20">
<collectingDate id="EFD5A30BFF89FFB574D8FDE2461195C0" box="[420,536,637,661]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" value="2014-11-20">20.XI.2014</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26DA19F5FF89FFB5775CFDE2467B95C0" box="[544,626,637,661]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">E. Tapia</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26DA19F5FF89FFB57706FDE246CC95C0" box="[634,709,637,661]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">I. Tapia</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26DA19F5FF89FFB577B1FDE244AB95FA" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">A. Tapia</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26DA19F5FF89FFB575ACFD07454895FA" box="[208,321,663,687]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">N. Dupérré</collectorName>
leg.; hand collected from females web;
<collectionCode id="ED3EE4E6FF89FFB577C7FD08470D95FA" box="[699,772,663,687]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB575F8FD2D46EC959F" blockId="21.[131,776,584,714]" box="[132,741,690,714]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
<materialsCitation id="3B47767EFF89FFB575F8FD2D46E8959F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3091159349" box="[132,737,690,714]" collectingDate="2014-11-20" collectionCode="A, QCAZ" collectorName="E. Tapia &amp; I. Tapia &amp; Tapia &amp; N. Duperre" country="Ecuador" county="La Florida" elevation="884" latitude="-0.250254" location="Ecuador" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.03043" municipality="Parroquia San Jose de Alluriquin" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Santo Domingo de Las Tsachilas" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF89FFB575F8FD2D44D2959F" bold="true" box="[132,219,690,714]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
<typeStatus id="5494C281FF89FFB575F8FD2D44D2959F" box="[132,219,690,714]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF89FFB57594FD2D4532959F" bold="true" box="[232,315,690,714]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
<collectingCountry id="F3383CB3FF89FFB57594FD2D4532959F" box="[232,315,690,714]" name="Ecuador" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D29B7AAFF89FFB5742DFD2D457C959C" box="[337,373,690,714]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collecting data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB575F8FD6546059444" blockId="21.[132,524,761,785]" box="[132,524,761,785]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
<typeStatus id="5494C281FF89FFB575F8FD6544BC945A" box="[132,181,762,785]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">TYPE</typeStatus>
LOCALITY. — La Florida,
<collectingCountry id="F3383CB3FF89FFB574C8FD6646019444" box="[436,520,761,785]" name="Ecuador" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF89FFB575F8FCDD4691940C" box="[132,664,833,858]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB575F8FCDD4691940C" blockId="21.[132,664,833,858]" box="[132,664,833,858]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
DISTRIBUTION. — Only known from the
<typeStatus id="5494C281FF89FFB57760FCDD464F940F" box="[540,582,834,858]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF89FFB575F8FC15466A935E" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB575F8FC15466A935E" blockId="21.[132,775,905,1035]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
DIAGNOSIS. — “Males and females are diagnosed by their unique gold and purple colour […]. Males are further distinguished by the straight embolus with slightly bent tip […]; females by their wide and short spermathecae […], elongated and tapering apically in all other species.” see
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF89FFB57444FC6C4656935E" author="Duperre &amp; Tapia" box="[312,607,1011,1035]" firstAuthor="Duperre" page="361" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" pagination="343" refId="ref24415" refString="DUPERRE N. &amp; TAPIA E. 2015. - Descriptions of four kleptoparasitic spiders of the genus Mysmenopsis (Araneae, Mysmenidae) and their potential host spider species in the genus Linothele (Araneae, Dipluridae) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 3972 (3): 343. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3972.3.3" type="journal article" year="2015">Dupérré &amp; Tapia (2015: 361)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF89FFB575F8FBAA459E91F9" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB575F8FBAA46A5931A" blockId="21.[130,777,1077,1454]" box="[132,684,1077,1104]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
DESCRIPTION (FOLLOWING
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF89FFB574D6FBA946AA9305" author="Duperre &amp; Tapia" box="[426,675,1078,1104]" firstAuthor="Duperre" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" pagination="343" refId="ref24415" refString="DUPERRE N. &amp; TAPIA E. 2015. - Descriptions of four kleptoparasitic spiders of the genus Mysmenopsis (Araneae, Mysmenidae) and their potential host spider species in the genus Linothele (Araneae, Dipluridae) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 3972 (3): 343. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3972.3.3" type="journal article" year="2015">Dupérré &amp; Tapia 2015</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB575F8FBCB44B0933B" blockId="21.[130,777,1077,1454]" box="[132,185,1108,1134]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF89FFB575F8FBCB44B0933B" box="[132,185,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB575F8FBEB456492FB" blockId="21.[130,777,1077,1454]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
CL = 5.0. CT = 9. MC = ~22. Colouration alive: overall yellowish; opisthosoma “yellow-brown with purplish mesh pattern (purplish pattern appears dark brown in alcohol) […], ventrally with purplish pattern”; maculae present. Sternum, labium and maxillae: see
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF89FFB57482FB6B4709925B" author="Duperre &amp; Tapia" box="[510,768,1267,1294]" firstAuthor="Duperre" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" pagination="343" refId="ref24415" refString="DUPERRE N. &amp; TAPIA E. 2015. - Descriptions of four kleptoparasitic spiders of the genus Mysmenopsis (Araneae, Mysmenidae) and their potential host spider species in the genus Linothele (Araneae, Dipluridae) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 3972 (3): 343. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3972.3.3" type="journal article" year="2015">Dupérré &amp; Tapia (2015</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 45). Leg formula 4123. Preening-combs absent. Leg tarsi pseudo-segmented. Palpal organ: “bulb pyriform; embolus long and thin, half the length of the tibia”, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF89FFB577F0FACC450292DB" author="Duperre &amp; Tapia" firstAuthor="Duperre" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" pagination="343" refId="ref24415" refString="DUPERRE N. &amp; TAPIA E. 2015. - Descriptions of four kleptoparasitic spiders of the genus Mysmenopsis (Araneae, Mysmenidae) and their potential host spider species in the genus Linothele (Araneae, Dipluridae) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 3972 (3): 343. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3972.3.3" type="journal article" year="2015">Dupérré &amp; Tapia (2015</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 44). Megaspine and MP: see
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF89FFB577F7FAEC450092FB" author="Duperre &amp; Tapia" firstAuthor="Duperre" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" pagination="343" refId="ref24415" refString="DUPERRE N. &amp; TAPIA E. 2015. - Descriptions of four kleptoparasitic spiders of the genus Mysmenopsis (Araneae, Mysmenidae) and their potential host spider species in the genus Linothele (Araneae, Dipluridae) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 3972 (3): 343. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3972.3.3" type="journal article" year="2015">Dupérré &amp; Tapia (2015</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 46).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B95BA031FF89FFB575F8FA4C44C492B8" box="[132,205,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB575F8FA6C459E91F9" blockId="21.[132,778,1491,1709]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
CL = 6.0. CT = 9. MC = ~25. Colouration alive: as for male, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF89FFB57590F98C45E59178" author="Duperre &amp; Tapia" box="[236,492,1554,1581]" firstAuthor="Duperre" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" pagination="343" refId="ref24415" refString="DUPERRE N. &amp; TAPIA E. 2015. - Descriptions of four kleptoparasitic spiders of the genus Mysmenopsis (Araneae, Mysmenidae) and their potential host spider species in the genus Linothele (Araneae, Dipluridae) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 3972 (3): 343. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3972.3.3" type="journal article" year="2015">Dupérré &amp; Tapia (2015</bibRefCitation>
: figs 41, 47). Leg formula: 4123. Scopula divided. Leg tarsi weakly pseudo-segmented. Spermathecae: “joined at base, wide and short, with small vesicles medially, with or without stalks”, see
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: figs 42, 43).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF89FFB575F8F94D458A90BE" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB575F8F94D44E191BF" blockId="21.[131,777,1746,2027]" box="[132,232,1746,1772]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB575F8F96D458A90BE" blockId="21.[131,777,1746,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
Unfortunately, we were unable to obtain images of the relevant structures, but the illustrations for male characters in the first description show a megaspine and MP at prolateral tibia and metatarsus I. The description mentions those to be situated retrolaterally. As a prolateral megaspine and MP have not been observed in any other
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<emphasis id="B95BA031FF89FFB57770F80E466590FE" box="[524,620,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">Linothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is likely the terms “prolateral” and “retrolateral” have been swapped in the illustration legends.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF89FFB57651FF4747B09565" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB57651FF4747FB97A5" blockId="21.[811,1456,216,560]" box="[813,1010,216,242]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">NATURAL HISTORY</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF89FFB57651FF6847B09565" blockId="21.[811,1456,216,560]" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">
According to
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, specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF89FFB57020FF6741A69644" authorityName="Duperre &amp; Tapia" authorityYear="2015" box="[1372,1455,248,273]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quori">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF89FFB57020FF6741A69644" box="[1372,1455,248,273]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">L. quori</emphasis>
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“[…] were collected in foothill forest. This species builds webs approximately 30 ×
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[…], with a central funnel that is almost always
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from the ground, attached to epiphyte bases or tree trunks. The specimens collected live in sympatry with
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<emphasis id="B95BA031FF89FFB57651FE08479796E5" box="[813,926,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">L. tsachilas</emphasis>
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and
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF89FFB576AEFE08401396E5" authorityName="Duperre &amp; Tapia" authorityYear="2015" box="[978,1050,407,432]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zaia">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF89FFB576AEFE08401396E5" box="[978,1050,407,432]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="182">L. zaia</emphasis>
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, but in a very distinctive micohabitat. Two juveniles females were collected in a low evergreen forest at
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, where they build webs of 30 ×
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from
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to
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from the ground, attached to epiphytes bases or tree trunks […]”.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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