131 lines
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131 lines
15 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.97.115682" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2747-8106-97-53" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4A3318772B185D35B1E7EC9578EF4A47" ID-ZooBank="933EC356F21C45AF9CFA563E64D27953" ModsDocID="2747-8106-97-53" checkinTime="1702462880200" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Neubauer, Thomas A. & Wesselingh, Frank P." docDate="2023" docId="BC509662A6F754D89F28F36CDE5CBC7D" docLanguage="en" docName="Zitteliana 97: 53-88" docOrigin="Zitteliana 97" docPubDate="2023-12-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.97.115682" docTitle="Xestopyrguloides ? sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="4A3318772B185D35B1E7EC9578EF4A47" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="4A3318772B185D35B1E7EC9578EF4A47" masterDocTitle="The Early Pleistocene freshwater mollusks of the Denizli Basin (Turkey): a new long-lived lake fauna at the crossroads of Pontocaspian and Aegean-Anatolian realms" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1702462880200" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="CBA3AAC74C230C85F7815C44C76E909A">The Early Pleistocene freshwater mollusks of the Denizli Basin (Turkey): a new long-lived lake fauna at the crossroads of Pontocaspian and Aegean-Anatolian realms</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="ECD12D93A7DB2C110F1A99580B75FA9F" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="311ABBBA8D389B1726134CF225044C9D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B8AD25FE44211A4018BAA83856B2FBA3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="14B28B84A7C1BFF1ECE2230C96996D27">Neubauer, Thomas A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DAD81CF18DC6556C57641E2272681BAE">SNSB - Bavarian State Collection for Palaeontology and Geology, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333 Munich, Germany & Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="18EAEB5C5C79A528934319C8D62CA0A2" type="email">neubauer@snsb.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="8D5B19E6DA910031DD8BDEE098954A8F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="716A82DA44D2AFD4BBD5B5E4960F21A5">Wesselingh, Frank P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="92C24FE0B1CF932A6A82E12F12696130" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3655-0701</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="8CCA74CB2188B3B33DEE2A98CCAB6865">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands & Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8 a, 3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CC369576714F203551127743865FABE4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B7AA72871D7B6B533DF93A3ABCB931FE">Zitteliana</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F782A7A00A468D8526BC350F17553D16">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="655C77D787B3244A089E709626117765">2023-12-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="81A42FBF404165CE7AC6CAB87BB8BC92">97</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D9B56A6AF53C640EA82910EC6DF0B753">53</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="11ECF77DC734936706D240C0A3482228">88</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="04E46617324A1D2DF51BD4F7941E72BF">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.97.115682</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="BF5F9D7E0CE07BFB5DE596ADFE50B9E3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="66A997C2F06A09FB9A2587FBDA8B8B55" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.97.115682</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="BC509662A6F754D89F28F36CDE5CBC7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BC509662A6F754D89F28F36CDE5CBC7D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BC509662A6F754D89F28F36CDE5CBC7D" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection id="0EF55B8DA45A630DEF97EA2A81E00869" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B843C0482588BD0AE0C3ADE3358F3F9D" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="B0BDF6ADDAC4D26A8F104D3455EFDA72" ID-CoL="7PL6V" LSID="BC509662-A6F7-54D8-9F28-F36CDE5CBC7D" authority="? sp." authorityName="? sp." class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Xestopyrguloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopyrguloides" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Xestopyrguloides? sp.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="515999961E0E7A282A54677ED24F4EC1" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CE4020FC9E160BCE299CDF0D91AED05F" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<figureCitation id="B29380189BF6EC09CB56E3E03668C42B" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pyrgulinae (Hydrobiidae) of the Kolankaya I fauna. A-E. Prososthenia cf. Prososthenia sturanyi Prososthenia communis Willmann, 1981, RGM 962615, sample 2. F-J. P. cf. Prososthenia sturanyi Prososthenia communis, SNSB-BSPG 2023 XII 11, sample 2. K-Q. Xestopyrguloides? sagitta sp. nov., holotype, RGM 962616, sample 2. R. Xestopyrguloides? heldreichii (Fuchs, 1870), lectotype (designated by Willmann 1981), NHMW 1878 XX 28, Megara, Pliocene. S-U. Xestopyrguloides? sp., RGM 1365347, sample 2. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-D, F-I, K-N, R-T); 100 μm (E, J, O-Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115682.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950747" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Fig. 10S-U</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="975147FE0844DBA8D2F2972A9118969A" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="081FB8E028B7923F4A0667404E097AA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E65126D1B83F3F140B7D8DC7AA89244E" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">1 fragment (RGM 1365347) from sample 2.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="91CD2206BAC84724FA2522ABCE87D677" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="05A38B83B9FDF8078726C27BD25E2228" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D657698D4272123D878346A1D5662960" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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A second species is tentatively referred to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="0B0E3914A22D41C2EF21C5A1B022D5A3" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Xestopyrguloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopyrguloides" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3DEC9F0BBBD84137EC61919A00A44053" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Xestopyrguloides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A single incomplete shell is available, containing the last 2.5 whorls and the upper part of the aperture. The shell is similarly elongate as
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<taxonomicName id="76E90BB50D74FE28CEA45BA0CF29334B" authorityName="Neubauer & Wesselingh" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Xestopyrguloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopyrguloides sagitta" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sagitta">Xestopyrguloides? sagitta</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. and also bears a narrow basal keel, as well as the same type of growth lines. However, the shell is larger, the whorls are moderately convex, and the aperture is larger and drop-shaped. The basal keel and shape of the aperture, as well as the size, would also fit to the Greek
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<taxonomicName id="3465C032A05DEE18873C8CC653699530" lsidName="X. neumayri" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="neumayri">
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<emphasis id="1FFC2AC626E646A759AEFBDA17620E19" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">X. neumayri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="A7040919F083BFCA434E34CD28350190" baseAuthorityName="T.Fuchs" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Xestopyrguloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopyrguloides heldreichii" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="heldreichii">Xestopyrguloides? heldreichii</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="87D7020C7E460E66A554FD12F8204907" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pyrgulinae (Hydrobiidae) of the Kolankaya I fauna. A-E. Prososthenia cf. Prososthenia sturanyi Prososthenia communis Willmann, 1981, RGM 962615, sample 2. F-J. P. cf. Prososthenia sturanyi Prososthenia communis, SNSB-BSPG 2023 XII 11, sample 2. K-Q. Xestopyrguloides? sagitta sp. nov., holotype, RGM 962616, sample 2. R. Xestopyrguloides? heldreichii (Fuchs, 1870), lectotype (designated by Willmann 1981), NHMW 1878 XX 28, Megara, Pliocene. S-U. Xestopyrguloides? sp., RGM 1365347, sample 2. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-D, F-I, K-N, R-T); 100 μm (E, J, O-Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115682.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950747" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">10R</figureCitation>
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), but both species have straight-sided whorls.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="08101EBF2DE4B71F7FED14FEF7871244" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="436D67758D679049E37A7B62F8A3C8A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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The
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<emphasis id="CED4FEEB7BF7CF3B18B70BCBA48F55D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="80CF5D10A10DEE7A9C6CE684C54A1DF0" authorityName="Brusina" authorityYear="1897" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Staja" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Staja" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Staja</taxonomicName>
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-
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<taxonomicName id="FA59DD77627B88DB727FAAFE7867F252" authorityName="Radoman" authorityYear="1973" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Falsipyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsipyrgula" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Falsipyrgula</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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species complex
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="43DA11BA8E4B528FB0D6D17D4DC82B54" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="1B744745C1AE6B1C1D0D36E10156FA59" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The enormous morphological variability of the Denizli specimens, as well as other material from Turkey and Greece assigned to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="632D85A720FEFB4F5DEEED84E4DF3B08" authorityName="Brusina" authorityYear="1897" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Staja" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Staja" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5A414DA4B7475FCD7529A77FBD6AA2E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Staja</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation id="8A437333E664E4263713EED445224C65" author="Willmann, R" journalOrPublisher="Neues Jahrbuch fuer Geologie und Palaeontologie, Abhandlungen" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="304 - 331" refId="B180" refString="Willmann, R, 1982. Biostratigraphisch wichtige Suesswassergastropoden (Prosobranchia, Hydrobiidae) aus dem Neogen des Aegaeis-Raumes. Neues Jahrbuch fuer Geologie und Palaeontologie, Abhandlungen 162: 304 - 331" title="Biostratigraphisch wichtige Suesswassergastropoden (Prosobranchia, Hydrobiidae) aus dem Neogen des Aegaeis-Raumes." volume="162" year="1982">Willmann 1982</bibRefCitation>
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), makes a systematic classification incredibly difficult. This concerns variation in shell shape, size, and presence and expression of sculpture, which - if our assessment is correct - varies even within single species. The keeled representatives remind of and are considered to belong in the
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<taxonomicName id="0B7A399C10E54A00F5683C21C4A60911" baseAuthorityName="Brusina" baseAuthorityYear="1881" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pyrgulinae">Pyrgulinae</taxonomicName>
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genus
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<taxonomicName id="5B8FAB7A4138159BD5FF2DF48DDCB657" authorityName="Radoman" authorityYear="1973" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Falsipyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsipyrgula" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="6B87067FCDC02CEBA3F9EFEB558967C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Falsipyrgula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, while the smooth morphotypes are classically assigned to
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<taxonomicName id="55F1B925FCAB916EE1AFC733C145F26D" authorityName="Brusina" authorityYear="1897" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Staja" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Staja" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="458BDE3802B442DB99F27BC5D1A02EE0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Staja</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a genus that is originally described from the Late Miocene of the Pannonian Basin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="68FB4E7A7D2F3E787105279D6B2720CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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A full revision of the Greek-Turkish
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<emphasis id="928413E3E05F9EE217276BE04A44AA2C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="0B33C9A749C684338F2855092CDB32E3" authorityName="Brusina" authorityYear="1897" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Staja" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Staja" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Staja</taxonomicName>
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-
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<taxonomicName id="A07AED6584B8F2EAEE9016E8C038417D" authorityName="Radoman" authorityYear="1973" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Falsipyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsipyrgula" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Falsipyrgula</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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species complex is beyond the scope of this study. We follow the literature for the genus classifications of the known species, yet being aware of the unresolved genus concepts. A new species is placed in
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<taxonomicName id="D75A96EAD920FA0F8873F732D68D3C99" authorityName="Radoman" authorityYear="1973" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Falsipyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsipyrgula" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3EC010662B4D8A37407BA51409692BC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Falsipyrgula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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due to the close similarities to extant congeners.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |