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<document id="B898FBE28707B7247B55A8F8CEE6D61C" ID-CLB-Dataset="53352" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5293.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="66910029-d488-432e-abe4-b15d78137e3c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7959789" ID-ZooBank="3D768D7C-FD9E-452A-B83A-9FE800F66402" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1684796212301" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sinev, Artem Y., Sousa, Francisco Diogo Rocha &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro, Lourdes M. A." docDate="2023" docId="B0355A27FFA5FFBAFF333625FDAE5190" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5293.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5293 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5293.1.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Prendalona barbulata Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro 2023, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="107" masterDocId="4C0C225FFFA1FFB6FFA4305CFF9F5019" masterDocTitle="Revision of the guttata-group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Prendalona Sousa, Elmoor-Loureiro &amp; Santos, 2018 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)" masterLastPageNumber="121" masterPageNumber="95" pageNumber="99" updateTime="1699507600521" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="FFB57F1EF65D1CBA8E99F88FE8B576D4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="AB5C7B15D967DCA38253D6C441D5C85B">Revision of the guttata-group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Prendalona Sousa, Elmoor-Loureiro &amp; Santos, 2018 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1FE66C4C46B7EAC3073C4B0A66F2344B">Sinev, Artem Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1F5892DC603DD672A3D7F951B977B458" type="email">artem.sinev@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="3806826839C01AF5C9D11DD41FCBCE4C">Sousa, Francisco Diogo Rocha</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C8F929AAD8DC6558652E6C3439ACB88F">Laboratório de Taxonomia Animal, Unidade Acadêmica Especial de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Jataí-UFJ, BR 364 km 195 n ° 3800, CEP 75801 - 615, Jataí, GO, Brazil &amp; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70910 - 900, Brasília, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F3F51488003D125895D411F66ED1F262" type="email">artem.sinev@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9BDAEC3305E5958BD4B0B3E18DDB442A">Elmoor-Loureiro, Lourdes M. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E89D102979BA1E932C26D902C2809457">Laboratório de Taxonomia Animal, Unidade Acadêmica Especial de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Jataí-UFJ, BR 364 km 195 n ° 3800, CEP 75801 - 615, Jataí, GO, Brazil &amp; Independent researcher</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EB22E646D663834809545E4BD12A01B1" type="email">artem.sinev@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<treatment id="B0355A27FFA5FFBAFF333625FDAE5190" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7968430" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209629709" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7968430" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B0355A27FFA5FFBAFF333625FDAE5190" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0355A27FFA5FFBAFF333625FDAE5190" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<subSubSection id="7086B8BAFFA5FFB2FF333625FD68568D" box="[151,759,1657,1684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA5FFB2FF333625FD68568D" blockId="4.[151,1165,1657,1721]" box="[151,759,1657,1684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<heading id="636B5C5DFFA5FFB2FF333625FD68568D" bold="true" box="[151,759,1657,1684]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" reason="1">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA5FFB2FF333625FD68568D" bold="true" box="[151,759,1657,1684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFA5FFB2FF333625FDF6568A" authority="(Megard, 1967)" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Megard" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[151,617,1657,1684]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbulata" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA5FFB2FF333625FE3E568D" bold="true" box="[151,417,1657,1684]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Prendalona barbulata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFA5FFB2FE153625FDFE568A" author="Megard, R. O." box="[433,609,1657,1683]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" pagination="37 - 50" refId="ref15156" refString="Megard, R. O. (1967) Three new species of Alona (Cladocera, Chydoridae) from the United States. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 52, 37 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19670520103" type="journal article" year="1967">Megard, 1967</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11DB8A58FFA5FFB2FDD53626FD68568D" box="[625,759,1658,1684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7086B8BAFFA5FFB2FF3336C2FB1256A1" box="[151,1165,1694,1721]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA5FFB2FF3336C2FB1256A1" blockId="4.[151,1165,1657,1721]" box="[151,1165,1694,1721]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFA5FFB2FF3336C2FE1356A0" author="Megard, R. O." box="[151,396,1694,1721]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" pagination="37 - 50" refId="ref15156" refString="Megard, R. O. (1967) Three new species of Alona (Cladocera, Chydoridae) from the United States. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 52, 37 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19670520103" type="journal article" year="1967">Megard, 1967: 37–57</bibRefCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA5FFB2FE3336C2FE7C56A1" box="[407,483,1694,1720]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,994,1018]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,970]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1435,181,970]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Prendalona guttata (Sars, 1862). Parthenogenetic female from Sagtjenn pond, Risør town, Agder county, Norway. A, antenna. Parthenogenetic female from Krugloe Lake, Chupa District, Republic of Karelia, Russia, B, head pores. C, postabdomen. D, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959817/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
–19, pl. 2a–b (
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFA5FFB2FD2236C2FD5656A1" ID-CoL="SSX" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1843" box="[646,713,1694,1720]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA5FFB2FD2236C2FD5656A1" box="[646,713,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Alona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFA5FFB2FD4536C2FC5E56A1" author="Smirnov, N. N." box="[737,961,1694,1720]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" refId="ref16647" refString="Smirnov, N. N. (1971) Chydoridae fauny mira. Fauna USSR. Rakoobraznie. 1 (2). Nauka, Leningrad, 531 pp. [English translation: Chydoridae of the world. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1974]" type="book" year="1971">Smirnov, 1971: 382</bibRefCitation>
, Fig. 458 (
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFA5FFB2FB9E36C2FBE256A1" ID-CoL="SSX" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1843" box="[1082,1149,1694,1720]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA5FFB2FB9E36C2FBE256A1" box="[1082,1149,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Alona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7086B8BAFFA5FFB2FF3336BAFED057C1" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA5FFB2FF3336BAFAF35719" blockId="4.[151,1437,1765,2008]" box="[151,1388,1765,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<materialsCitation id="88F4E16CFFA5FFB2FF3336BAFAF35719" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4116793313" box="[151,1388,1765,1792]" country="United States of America" county="Pinedale" location="Island Lake" municipality="Wind River Mountains" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Wyoming" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA5FFB2FF3336BAFEAF56E6" bold="true" box="[151,304,1765,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<typeStatus id="E7275593FFA5FFB2FF3336BAFF4D5719" box="[151,210,1766,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
<location id="3D43BDEAFFA5FFB2FE9336BAFE255719" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B0355A27FFA5FFBAFF333625FDAE5190:3D43BDEAFFA5FFB2FE9336BAFE255719" box="[311,442,1766,1792]" country="United States of America" county="Pinedale" municipality="Wind River Mountains" name="Island Lake" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" stateProvince="Wyoming">Island Lake</location>
in the
<collectingMunicipality id="D847714BFFA5FFB2FDA336BAFC945719" box="[519,779,1766,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Wind River Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
, about
<quantity id="FF6446D4FFA5FFB2FCFF36BAFC3D5719" box="[859,930,1766,1792]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
northeast of
<collectingCounty id="D14293BDFFA5FFB2FB9136BAFB075719" box="[1077,1176,1766,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Pinedale</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="FA5825D3FFA5FFB2FB0736BAFA8B5719" box="[1187,1300,1766,1792]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="408BABA1FFA5FFB2FABB36BAFAF35719" box="[1311,1388,1766,1792]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA5FFB2FF633756FEF15751" blockId="4.[151,1437,1765,2008]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA5FFB2FF633756FEEA573A" bold="true" box="[199,373,1801,1828]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Type material.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="E7275593FFA5FFB2FE0A3756FD8F573D" box="[430,528,1802,1828]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(parthenogenetic female) and several
<typeStatus id="E7275593FFA5FFB2FC193756FBB7573D" box="[957,1064,1802,1828]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
deposited in the British Museum (No. 1966. 3.21.4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA5FFB2FF63370DFED057C1" blockId="4.[151,1437,1765,2008]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA5FFB2FF63370DFE2D5772" bold="true" box="[199,434,1873,1899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="88F4E16CFFA5FFB2FE1E370EFED357C1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4116793305" collectingDate="1977-11-15" collectorName="K. Brakke &amp; Prof. D. G. Frey" country="United States of America" county="Missoula County" location="Salmon Lake" municipality="National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-adult="7" specimenCount-juvenile="2" stateProvince="Montana">
Six parthenogenetic females, over 20 ephippial females,
<specimenCount id="2E9A20B8FFA5FFB2FB98370EFB155775" box="[1084,1162,1874,1900]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="adult">7 adult</specimenCount>
males,
<specimenCount id="2E9A20B8FFA5FFB2FB47370EFACC5775" box="[1251,1363,1874,1900]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="juvenile">2 juvenile</specimenCount>
males of instar II from
<location id="3D43BDEAFFA5FFB2FEF5372AFE765789" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B0355A27FFA5FFBAFF333625FDAE5190:3D43BDEAFFA5FFB2FEF5372AFE765789" box="[337,489,1910,1936]" country="United States of America" county="Missoula County" municipality="National Museum of Natural History" name="Salmon Lake" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" stateProvince="Montana">Salmon Lake</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="D14293BDFFA5FFB2FE57372AFD2A5789" box="[499,693,1910,1936]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Missoula County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="FA5825D3FFA5FFB2FD1B372AFCBA5789" box="[703,805,1910,1936]" country="United States of America" name="Montana" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Montana</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="408BABA1FFA5FFB2FC95372AFC1F5789" box="[817,896,1910,1936]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="4C22CDF1FFA5FFB2FC28372AFB945788" box="[908,1035,1910,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" value="1977-11-15">
<collectingDate id="5C663419FFA5FFB2FC28372AFB945788" box="[908,1035,1910,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" value="1977-11-15">15.11.1977</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="95698EE7FFA5FFB2FBEA372AFB5B5789" box="[1102,1220,1910,1936]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">K. Brakke</collectorName>
, sample DGF
<quantity id="FF6446D4FFA5FFB2FAC0372AFF3257AD" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.132332" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="in" value="4458.0">4458 in</quantity>
collection of
<collectorName id="95698EE7FFA5FFB2FEE937C6FD9757AD" box="[333,520,1946,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Prof. D. G. Frey</collectorName>
at
<collectingMunicipality id="D847714BFFA5FFB2FD8A37C6FC4D57AD" box="[558,978,1946,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">National Museum of Natural History</collectingMunicipality>
(Washington DC, USA), general access number 403774
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="6CE3BBB9FFA4FFB3FF333734FC5757D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959791" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7959791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959791/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" startId="5.[151,250,1896,1920]" targetBox="[154,1433,182,1867]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA4FFB3FF333734FC5757D1" blockId="5.[151,1437,1896,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA4FFB3FF333734FE8D5799" bold="true" box="[151,274,1896,1920]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFA4FFB3FEB33734FC0C5799" authority="(Sousa, Elmoor-Loureiro &amp; Santos, 2016)" baseAuthorityName="Sousa, Elmoor-Loureiro &amp; Santos" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[279,915,1896,1920]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arvensis">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA4FFB3FEB33734FE785799" box="[279,487,1896,1920]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Prendalona arvensis</emphasis>
(Sousa, Elmoor-Loureiro &amp; Santos, 2016)
</taxonomicName>
, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valve. D, posterior portion of head shield in lateral view. E, labrum. F, postabdomen. G, thoracic limb I. H, ODL and IDL of thoracic limb I (after
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFA4FFB3FD5B37ECFC2257D1" author="Sousa, F. D. R. &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro, L. M. A. &amp; Santos, S." box="[767,957,1968,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" pagination="2727 - 2768" refId="ref16978" refString="Sousa, F. D. R., Elmoor-Loureiro, L. M. A. &amp; Santos, S. (2016 a) New findings of Hexalona-branch representatives in Brazil, with a description of Prenda gen. nov. (Crustacea: Anomopoda: Aloninae). Journal of Natural History, 50 (43 - 44), 2727 - 2768. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2016.1208302" type="journal article" year="2016">
Sousa
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA4FFB3FCE637EDFCF157D1" box="[834,878,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">et al</emphasis>
. 2016a
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="6CE3BBB9FFA7FFB0FF333619FC6756D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" startId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" targetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA7FFB0FF333619FC6756D3" blockId="6.[151,1437,1605,1738]" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA7FFB0FF333619FE8B5644" bold="true" box="[151,276,1605,1629]" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFA7FFB0FEB8361AFD385647" authority="(Megard, 1967)" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Megard" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[284,679,1606,1630]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbulata">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA7FFB0FEB8361AFE605647" box="[284,511,1606,1630]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Prendalona barbulata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFA7FFB0FDAA361AFD3F5647" author="Megard, R. O." box="[526,672,1606,1630]" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" pagination="37 - 50" refId="ref15156" refString="Megard, R. O. (1967) Three new species of Alona (Cladocera, Chydoridae) from the United States. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 52, 37 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19670520103" type="journal article" year="1967">Megard, 1967</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="7086B8BAFFA7FFBDFF7536A4FD01571C" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA7FFB0FF7536A4FB9E5767" blockId="6.[151,1437,1784,2026]" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA7FFB0FF7536A4FD0F570B" bold="true" box="[209,656,1784,1810]" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Description. Parthenogenetic female.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA7FFB0FD3E36A4FD61570B" box="[666,766,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">General.</emphasis>
In lateral view body (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA7FFB0FBA036A4FBF4570B" box="[1028,1131,1784,1810]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA7FFB0FBDF36A4FB20570B" box="[1147,1215,1784,1810]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,453,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-147@7.[151,1435,453,1898]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, Parthenogenetic female.A, lateral view. B, frontolateral view. C, dorsolateral view. Ephippial female. D–E, lateral view.Adult male. F, lateral view. G, dorsolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959797/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">3A–C</figureCitation>
) oval, of moderate height, maximum height at middle of body, in adults height/length ratio 0.65. Dorsal margin uniformly curved; postero-dorsal and postero-ventral angles broadly rounded; posterior margin uniformly curved; ventral margin almost straight; antero-ventral angle rounded. Body moderately compressed laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA7FFB1FF6337D4FC8650CC" blockId="6.[151,1437,1784,2026]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA7FFB0FF6337D4FE8957BB" box="[199,278,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Valves.</emphasis>
Ventral margin with 30–40 setae, anteriormost ten setae short (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA7FFB0FC7937D4FBAA57BB" box="[989,1077,1928,1954]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
), not forming a group separated from setae in middle of margin, distal setae of moderate length (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA7FFB0FCFF37F0FC2C57DF" box="[859,947,1964,1990]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Postero-dorsal angle (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA7FFB0FB1C37F0FA9157DF" box="[1208,1294,1964,1990]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
) bears about 70 short, thin, hair-like setulae of similar length, not organized in groups. A row of about 80–100 thin setulae of variable length along posterior margin at inner side of valve. Valve looks smooth by optical microscopy, but SEM examination reveals a weakly developed linear sculpture.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA6FFB1FF633083FA9D51B4" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA6FFB1FF633083FE9B50E0" box="[199,260,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">Head</emphasis>
of moderate size, oblique, triangular-round in lateral view; rostrum short, pointing downward. Compound eye larger than ocellus. Distance from tip of rostrum to ocellus in adults 1.5 times greater than that between ocellus and eye. Head shield (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA6FFB1FE29317BFE7E5158" box="[397,481,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
) with a maximum width behind mandibular articulation, without sculpturing; rostrum short, broadly rounded; posterior portion of head shield triangular with obtuse apex. Three connected major head pores of similar size, middle pore located closer to posterior pore, PP less than 0.5 IP (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA6FFB1FBCF3133FB545190" box="[1131,1227,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">Figs. 2F</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA6FFB1FB7F3133FB635190" box="[1243,1276,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Ephippial female. A, labrum and thoracic limb I. B, posterior portion of labrum, covered by bacteria. C, head pores. D, postabdomen. E, antenna. Adult male. F, postabdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959801/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">4C</figureCitation>
). Lateral head pores minute, located at about 0.8 IP distance from midline, at the level of anterior major head pores.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6CE3BBB9FFA6FFB1FF3337DDFEF457F8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959797" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7959797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959797/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="102" startId="7.[151,250,1921,1945]" targetBox="[151,1435,453,1898]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA6FFB1FF3337DDFEF457F8" blockId="7.[151,1437,1921,2017]" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA6FFB1FF3337DDFE8B5780" bold="true" box="[151,276,1921,1945]" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFA6FFB1FEB837DDFD385780" authority="(Megard, 1967)" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Megard" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[284,679,1921,1945]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbulata">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA6FFB1FEB837DDFE605780" box="[284,511,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">Prendalona barbulata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFA6FFB1FDAA37DDFD3F5780" author="Megard, R. O." box="[526,672,1921,1945]" pageId="7" pageNumber="102" pagination="37 - 50" refId="ref15156" refString="Megard, R. O. (1967) Three new species of Alona (Cladocera, Chydoridae) from the United States. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 52, 37 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19670520103" type="journal article" year="1967">Megard, 1967</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B, frontolateral view. C, dorsolateral view. Ephippial female. D–E, lateral view. Adult male. F, lateral view. G, dorsolateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="6CE3BBB9FFA9FFBEFF333517FE2355B2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959801" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7959801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959801/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" startId="8.[151,250,1355,1379]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1331]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA9FFBEFF333517FE2355B2" blockId="8.[151,1437,1355,1451]" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA9FFBEFF333517FE8B557A" bold="true" box="[151,276,1355,1379]" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFA9FFBEFEBF3517FD3D557A" authority="(Megard, 1967)" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Megard" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[283,674,1355,1379]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbulata">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA9FFBEFEBF3517FE63557A" box="[283,508,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">Prendalona barbulata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFA9FFBEFDAE3517FD03557A" author="Megard, R. O." box="[522,668,1355,1379]" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" pagination="37 - 50" refId="ref15156" refString="Megard, R. O. (1967) Three new species of Alona (Cladocera, Chydoridae) from the United States. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 52, 37 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19670520103" type="journal article" year="1967">Megard, 1967</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Ephippial female. A, labrum and thoracic limb I. B, posterior portion of labrum, covered by bacteria. C, head pores. D, postabdomen. E, antenna. Adult male. F, postabdomen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA9FFBEFF633585FB075646" blockId="8.[151,1437,1497,2027]" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA9FFBEFF633585FEBF55EA" box="[199,288,1497,1523]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">Labrum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA9FFBEFE8B3585FE2A55EA" box="[303,437,1497,1523]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">Figs. 2G–H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA9FFBEFE643585FD9A55EA" box="[448,517,1497,1523]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Ephippial female. A, labrum and thoracic limb I. B, posterior portion of labrum, covered by bacteria. C, head pores. D, postabdomen. E, antenna. Adult male. F, postabdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959801/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">4A–B</figureCitation>
) of moderate size; labral keel narrow (height about 2 width), with a rounded apex; anterior margin of keel convex, posterior margin with two clusters of short setulae, setulae in anterior cluster pointing almost forward. Posterior portion of labrum under optical microscope appears to be covered by thin setulae, but SEM examination (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA9FFBEFED53619FE745646" box="[369,491,1605,1631]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Ephippial female. A, labrum and thoracic limb I. B, posterior portion of labrum, covered by bacteria. C, head pores. D, postabdomen. E, antenna. Adult male. F, postabdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959801/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">Fig. 4A–B</figureCitation>
) reveal that these ‘structures’ are in reality epibiotic bacteria.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA9FFBEFF633635FB43569A" blockId="8.[151,1437,1497,2027]" box="[199,1244,1641,1668]" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA9FFBEFF633635FE87569A" box="[199,280,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">Thorax</emphasis>
twice longer than abdomen, dorsal surface of abdominal segments not saddle-shaped.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA9FFBFFF6A36D1FDF450CC" blockId="8.[151,1437,1497,2027]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,537]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA9FFBEFF6A36D1FEF956BE" box="[206,358,1677,1703]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">Postabdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA9FFBEFED136D1FE4956BE" box="[373,470,1677,1703]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Ephippial female. A, labrum and thoracic limb I. B, posterior portion of labrum, covered by bacteria. C, head pores. D, postabdomen. E, antenna. Adult male. F, postabdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959801/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">Figs. 4D</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA9FFBEFE4F36D1FD9156B1" box="[491,526,1677,1704]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,564,1302]" captionTargetId="figure-184@9.[151,1436,561,1305]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, postabdomen. B–C, postanal margin of postabdomen. Juvenile male of instar II. D, postabdomen. Adult male. E–F, postabdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959803/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">5A</figureCitation>
) short, of moderate width, slightly narrowing distally, with a rounded, not prominent distal angle, length about 2.5 height. Ventral margin straight. Base of claws separated from distal margin by a weak incision. Distal margin straight to weakly convex, distal angle rounded, not protruding before the base of claw. Dorsal margin with distal part 1.8–27 times longer than preanal one, with postanal portion 1.3–1.5 times shorter than anal. Postanal portion of distal margin straight, anal portion weakly concave. Preanal angle well-defined, but not protruding, postanal angle weakly defined. Postanal margin (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA9FFBEFCEC371DFC545745" box="[840,971,1857,1884]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,564,1302]" captionTargetId="figure-184@9.[151,1436,561,1305]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, postabdomen. B–C, postanal margin of postabdomen. Juvenile male of instar II. D, postabdomen. Adult male. E–F, postabdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959803/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">Figs. 5B–C</figureCitation>
) with 6–7 marginal denticles, decreasing in size basally, 2–3 distalmost denticles robust, others have broad bases, bearing long spinules anteriorly; length of distal denticles equal to the width of the postabdominal claw base. Anal margin with four groups of short setulae. Eight–nine lateral fascicles of setulae, six–seven distalmost fascicles wide, consisting of thin setulae, with longest setulae in the middle, slightly shorter than longest marginal denticles. Several additional fascicles above the main row in anal portion. Postabdominal claw of moderate length, as long as preanal portion of postabdomen. Basal spine short, curved, about 0.2 of length of claw.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA8FFBFFF633083FAB35158" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA8FFBFFF633083FEA650E0" box="[199,313,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Antennule</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA8FFBFFEEC3083FE0950E0" box="[328,406,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Fig. 2I</figureCitation>
) of moderate size, length about 2.5 width, with four clusters of thin setulae at anterior face, setae of two central clusters long. Antennular sensory seta slender, three times shorter than antennule, arising almost at the middle of antennule. Nine terminal aesthetascs, two longest of them about 2/3 length of antennule.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA8FFBFFF633117FE985200" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA8FFBFFF633117FEBB517C" box="[199,292,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA8FFBFFE923117FE0F517C" box="[310,400,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Figs. 2J</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA8FFBFFE0C3117FE57517C" box="[424,456,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Ephippial female. A, labrum and thoracic limb I. B, posterior portion of labrum, covered by bacteria. C, head pores. D, postabdomen. E, antenna. Adult male. F, postabdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959801/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">4E</figureCitation>
) relatively short. Antennal formula, setae 0–0–3/1–1–3, spines 1–0–1/0–0–1. Basipodite segment robust, branches of moderate length and width, proximal segments of both branches 1.5 times longer than others, middle segments slightly shorter than apical. Seta arising from basal segment of endopodite thin, not reaching the end of endopodite. Seta arising from middle segment of endopodite of similar size with shortest apical setae. Spine on basal segment of exopodite as long as middle segment. Apical spines slightly longer than apical segments.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6CE3BBB9FFA8FFBFFF33356CFEB95589" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959803" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7959803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959803/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="104" startId="9.[151,250,1328,1352]" targetBox="[154,1433,564,1302]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA8FFBFFF33356CFEB95589" blockId="9.[151,1437,1328,1424]" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA8FFBFFF33356CFE8B5551" bold="true" box="[151,276,1328,1352]" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFA8FFBFFEB8356CFD385551" authority="(Megard, 1967)" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Megard" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[284,679,1328,1352]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="9" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbulata">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA8FFBFFEB8356CFE605551" box="[284,511,1328,1352]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Prendalona barbulata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFA8FFBFFDAA356CFD3F5551" author="Megard, R. O." box="[526,672,1328,1352]" pageId="9" pageNumber="104" pagination="37 - 50" refId="ref15156" refString="Megard, R. O. (1967) Three new species of Alona (Cladocera, Chydoridae) from the United States. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 52, 37 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19670520103" type="journal article" year="1967">Megard, 1967</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, postabdomen. B–C, postanal margin of postabdomen. Juvenile male of instar II. D, postabdomen. Adult male. E–F, postabdomen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA8FFBFFF6335E2FE7455C1" blockId="9.[151,1436,1470,2037]" box="[199,491,1470,1496]" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA8FFBFFF6335E2FEE655C1" box="[199,377,1470,1496]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Thoracic limbs:</emphasis>
Six pairs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA8FFBFFF6335BEFECA56E0" blockId="9.[151,1436,1470,2037]" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA8FFBFFF6335BEFE8E55E5" box="[199,273,1506,1532]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Limb I</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA8FFBFFE8435BEFE3655E4" box="[288,425,1506,1533]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Figs. 6 A–B</figureCitation>
) of moderate size. Epipodite with long process 3–4 times longer than exopodite itself. Accessory seta about 1/3 length of ODL seta, unilaterally armed by thick setulae. IDL with three setae and two–three clusters of small setulae, setae 2 and 3 only slightly shorter than ODL seta, armed with thin setulae in distal part, seta 1 very short, located laterally. Endite 3 with four setae, inner seta (1) shorter than setae a-c. Endite 2 with three setae (d–f), setae e–f of similar length, 1.5 shorter than limb itself. Endite 1 with two 2-segmented setae (g-h), both setulated in distal part, and very small, rudimentary seta i. No inner setae on edites 1–2. Six-seven rows of thin long setulae on ventral face of limb. Two ejector hooks, one of them larger than the other. Maxillar process elongated, with a short seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA8FFBFFF63375EFE6D5791" blockId="9.[151,1436,1470,2037]" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA8FFBFFF63375EFE825705" box="[199,285,1794,1820]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Limb II</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA8FFBFFE8A375EFE205704" box="[302,447,1794,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Figs. 6 C–D</figureCitation>
). Exopodite elongated, with a setulated seta as long as exopodite. Eight scraping setae (1–8), armed with small spinules, increasing in length distally, scraper 3 thicker than neighbors and armed with thicker spinules. Distal armature of gnathobase with four elements. Filter plate with seven setae, the posteriormost three times shorter than others.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFA8FFBCFF6337CEFAC2517C" blockId="9.[151,1436,1470,2037]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFA8FFBFFF6337CEFEB357B5" box="[199,300,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Limb III.</emphasis>
Epipodite oval, with a short process; exopodite trapezium-shaped, with seven setae (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFA8FFBFFB4E37CEFADD57B5" box="[1258,1346,1938,1964]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
). Seta 3 being longest; setae 4 and 6 about 1/2 length of seta 3; setae 1 and 7 about 1/3 length of seta 3; seta 5 about 1/4 length of seta 3; seta 2 short. Setae 6–7 armed with short setulae in distal portion, all other setae plumose. Distal endite (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFABFFBCFF3B30CBFF6D50A8" box="[159,242,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="105">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
) with three anterior setae (1–3), two distalmost members slender, sharp, with distal parts unilaterally armed with sharp denticles, seta 1 significantly longer than seta 2; basalmost seta (3) as long as seta 2, broad, bilaterally armed with setulae. Basal endite (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFABFFBCFDB73083FDF350E0" box="[531,620,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="105">Fig. 6G</figureCitation>
) with four anterior stiff setae, increasing in size toward the base; a small sensillum near the base of distalmost seta. Four soft posterior setae increasing in size basally (a–d). Gnathobase not clearly separated from basal endite. Distal armature of gnathobase (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFABFFBCFC2F317BFB875158" box="[907,1048,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="105">Figs. 6 G–H</figureCitation>
) with four elements: an elongated, cylindrical sensillum; thin, bent seta; others two represented by sharp spines. Filter plate III with seven setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6CE3BBB9FFABFFBCFF333777FCD557CA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" startId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" targetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFABFFBCFF333777FCD557CA" blockId="10.[151,1437,1835,2003]" pageId="10" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFABFFBCFF333777FE8D575A" bold="true" box="[151,274,1835,1859]" pageId="10" pageNumber="105">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFABFFBCFEB33777FD06575A" authority="(Megard, 1967)" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Megard" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[279,665,1835,1859]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbulata">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFABFFBCFEB33777FE68575A" box="[279,503,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="105">Prendalona barbulata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFABFFBCFDA73777FD0D575A" author="Megard, R. O." box="[515,658,1835,1859]" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" pagination="37 - 50" refId="ref15156" refString="Megard, R. O. (1967) Three new species of Alona (Cladocera, Chydoridae) from the United States. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 52, 37 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19670520103" type="journal article" year="1967">Megard, 1967</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFAAFFBDFF6330CBFAAD517C" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFF6330CBFEBC50A9" box="[199,291,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Limb IV</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFE9030CBFE2E50A8" box="[308,433,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Figs. 6 I–J</figureCitation>
). Preepipodite setulated, epipodite with a process two times longer than exopodite itself. Exopodite subquadrangular, with six setae. Seta 3 longest, setae 1–2 slightly shorter than seta 3, setae 4, 5 and 6 of 1/3, 2/3 and 1/2 length of seta 3, respectively. Setae 1–4 plumose, setae 5–6 with short setulae in distal portion. Inner-distal portion of limb IV with four setae and a small cylindrical sensillum; seta 1 slender, sharp, first flaming-torch seta (2) broad, with 7–8 thick setulae; two other thin, slender, with thin hair-like setulae. Three soft setae of similar size. Gnathobase with a 2-segmented seta, and a small hillock distally. Filter plate with five setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFAAFFBDFF633133FAC45200" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFF633133FE875191" box="[199,280,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Limb V</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFE823133FEE05190" box="[294,383,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Fig. 6K</figureCitation>
). Preepipodite setulated, epipodite with process 2–2.5 times longer than exopodite itself. Exopodite divided into two lobes, incursion between lobes very deep, with four plumose setae. Setae 1–3 long, subequal in length, slightly decreasing in size basally, seta 4 short, 2.5 times shorter than seta 1. Inner limb portion, il, (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFACB31EBFF2751EC" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Fig. 6L</figureCitation>
) as a small oval lobe, with setulated inner margin.At inner face, two setae, first seta about 3/4 length of exopodite seta 1, other seta 1.5 times shorter. Filter plate with three setae, a large semicircular sensillum located near it.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFAAFFBDFF63327FFEDB5278" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFF63327FFEBC5225" box="[199,291,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Limb VI</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFE97327FFE0E5224" box="[307,401,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Fig. 6M</figureCitation>
) as a large, elongated, rounded lobe with a setulated margin, as long as exopodite V, length about 2 widths.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFAAFFBDFF633236FDC252E8" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFF633236FDEF529D" bold="true" box="[199,624,618,644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
Ephippial female (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFE0D3236FD8C529D" box="[425,531,618,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Figs. 2K</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFD873236FDF7529D" box="[547,616,618,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,453,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-147@7.[151,1435,453,1898]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, Parthenogenetic female.A, lateral view. B, frontolateral view. C, dorsolateral view. Ephippial female. D–E, lateral view.Adult male. F, lateral view. G, dorsolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959797/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">3D–E</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
with body slightly higher than parthenogenetic female, dorsal margin without a depression between valves and head shield. Ephippium light yellow-brown in preserved specimens, with weakly developed egg locule, covered by weak polygonal sculpture, the latter slightly more pronounced than that on valves of parthenogenetic specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFAAFFBDFF6332A7FB215320" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFF6332A7FE94530C" bold="true" box="[199,267,763,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Male.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFEB732A7FEE9530C" box="[275,374,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">General.</emphasis>
Juvenile male of instar II (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFD0832A7FC9E530C" box="[684,769,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Fig. 2L</figureCitation>
) similar in shape to a juvenile female. In adult male, body (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFF3B3343FF635320" box="[159,252,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Figs 2N</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFEAC3343FED65320" box="[264,329,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,453,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-147@7.[151,1435,453,1898]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, Parthenogenetic female.A, lateral view. B, frontolateral view. C, dorsolateral view. Ephippial female. D–E, lateral view.Adult male. F, lateral view. G, dorsolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959797/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">3F–G</figureCitation>
) low oval, with a maximum height at the middle, height/length ratio about 0.5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFAAFFBDFF63331FFC3E54DC" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFF63331FFEC05344" box="[199,351,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Postabdomen</emphasis>
in juvenile males (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFD92331FFD115344" box="[566,654,834,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,564,1302]" captionTargetId="figure-184@9.[151,1436,561,1305]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, postabdomen. B–C, postanal margin of postabdomen. Juvenile male of instar II. D, postabdomen. Adult male. E–F, postabdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959803/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
) similar to that of female, but shorter, gonopore located laterally near ventral margin, at 2/3 distance from the base. Postanal denticles same as in female. In adult male, postabdomen (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFF3B33D7FF6353BC" box="[159,252,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[151,1435,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Ephippial female. A, labrum and thoracic limb I. B, posterior portion of labrum, covered by bacteria. C, head pores. D, postabdomen. E, antenna. Adult male. F, postabdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959801/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Figs. 4F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFEAC33D6FEDA53BC" box="[264,325,906,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,564,1302]" captionTargetId="figure-184@9.[151,1436,561,1305]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, postabdomen. B–C, postanal margin of postabdomen. Juvenile male of instar II. D, postabdomen. Adult male. E–F, postabdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959803/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">5E–F</figureCitation>
) short, moderately wide, weakly narrowing distally in anal portion, and strongly narrowing distally in postanal portion. Postanal margin of postabdomen evenly comes to the base of claws, no distinct distal margin and dorsodistal angle. Length about 2.5-2.7 heights. Ventral margin straight. A sperm duct opens at the end of postabdomen, forming small protrusion above the base of claws. Dorsal margin weakly convex in postanal portion and almost straight in anal one. Preanal and postanal angles not defined. Preanal margin almost straight. Distal portion of postabdomen two times longer than preanal one, anal and postanal portions of similar length. Postanal margin with clusters of setulae, in distalmost 4–5 clusters ditalmost setula thick, spine-like. Lateral fascicles of setulae as in female. Postabdominal claw weakly curved, shorter than in female, much shorter than preanal margin of postabdomen, with blunt tip, bearing cluster of setulae. Basal spine very short.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFAAFFBDFF633493FE3D554C" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFF633493FEA654F0" box="[199,313,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Antennule</emphasis>
in juvenile male of instar II (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFDDE3493FD4A54F0" box="[634,725,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Fig. 2M</figureCitation>
) similar to that of female, with 9 terminal aesthetascs, with very short anlage of male seta. In adult male (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFDC134AFFD255514" box="[613,698,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1605,1629]" captionTargetBox="[175,1433,185,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[151,1436,181,1582]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA. Parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B–C, setae of anterior and posterior parts of ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E, head shield. F, head pores. G–H, labrum. I, antennule. J, antenna. Ephippial female. K, lateral view. Juvenile male of instar II. L, lateral view. M, antennule. Adult male. N, lateral view. O, labrum. P. antennule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959795/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Fig. 2P</figureCitation>
) antennule slightly broader than in female, with 12 long terminal aesthetascs, longest aesthetasc about 2/3 length of antennule. Male seta located at 2/3 distance from the base, about 1/3 length of antennule.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFAAFFBDFF633503FCCA5680" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFF633503FEE55561" box="[199,378,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Thoracic limb I.</emphasis>
In juvenile male of instar II (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFD1E3503FCDB5560" box="[698,836,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Figs. 6 N–O</figureCitation>
) limb with a curved copulatory hook, about 2/3 length of limb itself, with anlage of copulatory brush seta and smaller triangular seta, absent in adult male, about it. IDL with an anlage of male seta, IDL setae 1–3 similar to these of female. Ventral limb face under the copulatory brush seta with 4 moderately long setulae. Inner seta (1) of endite 3 same as in female. In adult male (
<figureCitation id="A0A7F7B4FFAAFFBDFB7C3597FAC655FC" box="[1240,1369,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,383,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[151,1436,381,1812]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prendalona barbulata (Megard, 1967) from Salmon lake, Missoula county, Montana, USA, thoracic limbs. Female. A–B, inner and outer parts of limb I. C–D, inner and outer parts of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–H, structures of inner portion of limb III. I, exopodite of limb IV. J, inner portion of limb IV. K, limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. M, limb VI. Juvenile male of instar II. N, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. O, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown). Adult male. P, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. Q, endite 3 of limb I (setae a–b not shown)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959807/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Figs. 6P–Q</figureCitation>
) limb with a U-shaped copulatory hook, 1.5 times shorter than limb itself. IDL seta 1 absent, IDL setae 2 and 3 of similar size, much thinner and shorter than in female; male seta almost straight, as long as setae 2–3. Copulatory brush seta about 1/2 length of IDL setae 2–3. Ventral face of the limb under the copulatory brush with a double row of about 30 long stiff setulae, decreasing in length distally. Inner seta (1) of endite 3 longer and thinner than in female, as long as seta c, unilaterally armed with long setulae in distal portion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFAAFFBDFF6336FEFD01571C" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFF6336FEFF6156A5" bold="true" box="[199,254,1698,1724]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Size.</emphasis>
In studied material, adult female length
<quantity id="FF6446D4FFAAFFBDFD6636FFFCF856A4" box="[706,871,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.39" valueMax="0.41" valueMin="0.37">0.37–0.41 mm</quantity>
, height from
<quantity id="FF6446D4FFAAFFBDFC5836FFFB3D56A4" box="[1020,1186,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.255" valueMax="0.27" valueMin="0.24">0.24–0.27 mm</quantity>
; according to Megard, length of adult female up to
<quantity id="FF6446D4FFAAFFBDFE6A369BFDAB56F8" box="[462,564,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.43">0.43 mm</quantity>
.Adult male length
<quantity id="FF6446D4FFAAFFBDFCAD369AFC3256F8" box="[777,941,1734,1761]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4499999999999997" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.345" valueMax="0.35" valueMin="0.34">0.34–0.35 mm</quantity>
, height
<quantity id="FF6446D4FFAAFFBDFBA7369BFB0556F8" box="[1027,1178,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.205" valueMax="0.21" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.21 mm</quantity>
; juvenile male of instar II length
<quantity id="FF6446D4FFAAFFBDFF5A36B7FE0A571C" box="[254,405,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.305" valueMax="0.31" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.31 mm</quantity>
, height about
<quantity id="FF6446D4FFAAFFBDFD9736B7FD05571C" box="[563,666,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7086B8BAFFAAFFBDFF633752FCAC57C4" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFAAFFBDFF633752FCAC57C4" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFF633752FE525731" bold="true" box="[199,461,1806,1832]" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFAAFFBDFE703753FDC25730" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Megard" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[468,605,1807,1833]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbulata">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFE703753FDC25730" box="[468,605,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">P. barbulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFAAFFBDFD543753FCF75731" baseAuthorityName="Sousa, Elmoor-Loureiro &amp; Santos" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[752,872,1807,1832]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arvensis">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFD543753FCF75731" box="[752,872,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">P. arvensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in: (1) three main head pores and (2) in labral keel without a prominence on anterior margin. From
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFAAFFBDFD16376FFCEB5754" authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1999" box="[690,884,1843,1869]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="werestschagini">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFD16376FFCEB5754" box="[690,884,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">P. werestschagini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in: (1) a smaller size, (2) smaller IP/PP ratio, and (3) shape of both male and female postabdomen.
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFAAFFBDFD63370BFCCE5768" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Megard" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[711,849,1879,1905]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbulata">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFD63370BFCCE5768" box="[711,849,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">P. barbulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is habitually similar to
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFAAFFBDFBFB370BFB555769" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1862" box="[1119,1226,1879,1904]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttata">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFBFB370BFB555769" box="[1119,1226,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">P. guttata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFAAFFBDFAA7370BFAEC5768" authority="Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro, 2023" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2023" box="[1283,1395,1879,1905]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="julietae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFAA7370BFAEC5768" box="[1283,1395,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">P. julietae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFAAFFBDFADF370BFF57578C" bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="106">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11DB8A58FFAAFFBDFADF370BFF57578C" pageId="11" pageNumber="106" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, but differs from them in: (1) head shield with well-defined posterior angle, (2) female postabdomen with right, not prominent distal angle, (3) presence of rudimentary seta i on endite 1 of thoracic limb I, and (4) male postabdominal claw with a blunt apex armed with small denticles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7086B8BAFFADFFBAFF6330CAFDAE5190" pageId="12" pageNumber="107" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3823EB31FFADFFBAFF6330CAFDAE5190" blockId="12.[151,1436,150,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFADFFBAFF6330CAFE6B50A8" bold="true" box="[199,500,150,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFADFFBAFE5E30CBFD1B50A8" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Sousa &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Megard" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[506,644,151,177]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Prendalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbulata">
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFADFFBAFE5E30CBFD1B50A8" box="[506,644,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">P. barbulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from North-West
<collectingCountry id="408BABA1FFADFFBAFC1930CBFB9550A8" box="[957,1034,151,177]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
and South-West
<collectingCountry id="408BABA1FFADFFBAFB6C30CBFABF50A8" box="[1224,1312,151,177]" name="Canada" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">Canada</collectingCountry>
. In
<collectingCountry id="408BABA1FFADFFBAFAEC30CBFA0850A8" box="[1352,1431,151,177]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
, it was recorded from
<collectingRegion id="FA5825D3FFADFFBAFE2F30E7FE6350CC" box="[395,508,187,213]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="FA5825D3FFADFFBAFDAD30E7FDF050CC" box="[521,623,187,213]" country="United States of America" name="Montana" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">Montana</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="FA5825D3FFADFFBAFD0830E7FCBD50CC" box="[684,802,187,213]" country="United States of America" name="Minnesota" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">Minnesota</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFADFFBAFC9630E7FC4A50CC" author="Megard, R. O." box="[818,981,187,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="107" pagination="37 - 50" refId="ref15156" refString="Megard, R. O. (1967) Three new species of Alona (Cladocera, Chydoridae) from the United States. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 52, 37 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19670520103" type="journal article" year="1967">Megard, 1967</bibRefCitation>
; our data). In
<collectingCountry id="408BABA1FFADFFBAFBD330E7FB5150CC" box="[1143,1230,187,213]" name="Canada" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">Canada</collectingCountry>
, it was found predominantly in
<collectingRegion id="FA5825D3FFADFFBAFE933083FE1450E0" box="[311,395,223,249]" country="Canada" name="Alberta" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">Alberta</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="FA5825D3FFADFFBAFE1B3083FD1C50E0" box="[447,643,223,249]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
, and once in
<collectingRegion id="FA5825D3FFADFFBAFCB63083FCF450E0" box="[786,875,223,249]" country="Canada" name="Ontario" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">Ontario</collectingRegion>
; the species is always encountered on rocky-sandy shores (
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFADFFBAFF4A315FFE2B5104" author="Chengalath, R." box="[238,436,259,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="107" pagination="151 - 157" refId="ref14233" refString="Chengalath, R. (1987) The distribution of chydorid Cladocera in Canada. Hydrobiologia, 145 (1), 151 - 157. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02530275" type="journal article" year="1987">Chengalath 1987</bibRefCitation>
). Ecology of the species is poorly studied. According to
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFADFFBAFB9C315FFB6D5104" author="Williams, J. B." box="[1080,1266,259,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="107" pagination="345 - 353" refId="ref17900" refString="Williams, J. B. (1982) Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Abundance of the Chydoridae (Cladocera) in Lake Itasca, Minnesota. Ecology, 63 (2), 345 - 353. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1938952" type="journal article" year="1982">Williams (1982)</bibRefCitation>
, in Itasca lake, Minnesota it is the only species of
<taxonomicName id="FF9C90B2FFADFFBAFD85317BFD3B5158" authorityName="Dybowski &amp; Grochowski" authorityYear="1894" box="[545,676,295,321]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chydoridae</taxonomicName>
to attain a winter density greater than its summer peak density. According to
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D96C0FFADFFBAFEB03117FD80517C" author="Whiteside, M. C. &amp; Bradbury, J. P. &amp; Tarapchak, S. J." box="[276,543,331,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="107" pagination="130 - 148" refId="ref17836" refString="Whiteside, M. C., Bradbury, J. P. &amp; Tarapchak, S. J. (1980) Limnology of the Klutlan Moraines, Yukon Territory, Canada. Quaternary Research, 14 (01), 130 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0033 - 5894 (80) 90010 - 1" type="journal article" year="1980">
Whiteside
<emphasis id="0AE83723FFADFFBAFE2B3117FE5C517C" box="[399,451,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
. (1980)
</bibRefCitation>
, it is a pioneer species in moraine lakes of
<collectingRegion id="FA5825D3FFADFFBAFBB13117FBFE517C" box="[1045,1121,331,357]" country="Canada" name="Yukon" pageId="12" pageNumber="107">Yukon</collectingRegion>
, suggesting the species can inhabit cold ultra-oligotrophic lakes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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