286 lines
33 KiB
XML
286 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1BC3F24AEC3B37B253C168D5F75A51DB">Taxonomic revision of the Spilomelinae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae s. l.) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03EA87B1FF9C820F7F90FC0EFBC1FD3B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5823180" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124557790" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5823180" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA87B1FF9C820F7F90FC0EFBC1FD3B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EA87B1FF9C820F7F90FC0EFBC1FD3B" lastPageNumber="347" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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<heading id="D0B481CBFF9C820F7F90FC0EFD04FC7C" bold="true" box="[251,656,983,1006]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FF9C820F7F90FC0EFD04FC7C" authority="Walsingham, 1913" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1913" box="[251,656,983,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Lineodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fontella" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7F90FC0EFD04FC7C" bold="true" box="[251,656,983,1006]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7F90FC0EFE2DFC7C" bold="true" box="[251,441,983,1006]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Lineodes fontella</emphasis>
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Walsingham, 1913
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C359652CFF9C820F7E02FC2EFDB7FB9C" box="[361,547,1015,1040]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FF9C820F7E02FC2EFDB7FB9C" blockId="32.[251,656,983,1040]" box="[361,547,1015,1040]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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<figureCitation id="13782A22FF9C820F7E02FC2EFE2EFB82" box="[361,442,1015,1040]" captionStart="Figs 25 - 32" captionStartId="13.[151,192,1883,1904]" captionTargetBox="[204,1382,257,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[204,1383,257,1829]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 25 - 32. Galápagos specimens of Spilomelinae, size not to scale. (25 - 27) Lineodes corinnae. (25) Lineodes corinnae ♀ holotype, CNC. (26) ♀ paratype, Isabela, NE slope Alcedo, ca. 400 m up Los Guayabillos camp, 892 m, 1. iv. 2004, MHNG. (27) ♂ paratype, Isabela, Alcedo, lado NE, camp Guayabillos, 700 m, 16. iv. 2002, MHNG. (28) Lineodes fontella ♂, Santa Cruz, NNW Bella Vista, 225 m, 18. ii. 2005, MHNG. (29, 30) Lineodes vulcanalis. (29) ♀ paratype, BMNH ©, the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London. (30) ♂ holotype, BMNH ©, the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London. (31, 32) Loxomorpha cambogialis. (31) ♀, Isabela, 11 km N Pto Villamil, 13. iii. 1989, CNC. (32) ♀, Santa Cruz, transition zone, recently cut road, 12. iii. 2004, MHNG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162856/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Figs 28</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13782A22FF9C820F7EAEFC21FE7BFB82" box="[453,495,1016,1040]" captionStart="Figs 107 - 109" captionStartId="39.[151,192,1707,1728]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,308,1629]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[151,1437,257,1643]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 107 - 109. Male genitalia of Galápagos Spilomelinae, a and b not to scale, (a) showing the genitalia without phallus and (b), the phallus. (107) Lineodes corinnae paratypes: slide MHNG-ENTO- 8677 (a); slide BL 1802 (b). (108) L. fontella: slide MHNG-ENTO- 9001, Santa Cruz. (109) L. integra: slide MHNG-ENTO- 8679, Isabela (phallus broken)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162869/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">108</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13782A22FF9C820F7E90FC2EFDB7FB9C" box="[507,547,1015,1038]" captionStart="Figs 153 - 157" captionStartId="67.[151,192,1968,1989]" captionTargetBox="[175,1401,261,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@67.[151,1435,254,1942]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="Figs 153 - 157. Female genitalia of Galápagos Spilomelinae, not to scale. (153) Lineodes corinnae paratype: slide MHNG-ENTO- 8678. (154) L. fontella: slide MHNG-ENTO- 9002, Isabela. (155) L. integra: slide MHNG-ENTO- 8680, Pinta. (156) Lineodes vulcanalis paratype, BMNH ©, the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London. (157) Loxomorpha cambogialis: slide MHNG-ENTO- 8602, Isabela." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162883/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">154</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C359652CFF9C820F7FFCFBFCFD60FBA9" box="[151,756,1061,1083]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FF9C820F7FFCFBFCFD60FBA9" blockId="32.[151,756,1061,1112]" box="[151,756,1061,1083]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FF9C820F7FFCFBFCFD25FBA8" authority="Walsingham in Hampson, 1913: 314" authorityName="Walsingham in Hampson" authorityPageNumber="314" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,689,1061,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Lineodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fontella" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7FFCFBFCFEABFBA8" box="[151,319,1061,1082]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Lineodes fontella</emphasis>
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Walsingham in Hampson, 1913: 314
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</taxonomicName>
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-315. ‒
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C359652CFF9C820F7F88FB9BFD84FBC5" box="[227,528,1090,1112]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FF9C820F7F88FB9BFD84FBC5" blockId="32.[151,756,1061,1112]" box="[227,528,1090,1112]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FF9C820F7F88FB9BFD98FBC5" author="Roque-Albelo L. & Landry B." box="[227,524,1090,1112]" editor="Bungartz F." journalOrPublisher="Charles Darwin Foundation / Fundacion Charles Darwin, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" pagination="2015" part="30" publicationUrl="http://www.darwinfoundation" refString="Roque-Albelo L., Landry B. 2015. Lepidoptera. In: Bungartz F., Herrera H., Jaramillo P., Tirado N., Jimenez-Uzcategui G., Ruiz D., Guezou A., Ziemmeck F. (eds.). Charles Darwin Foundation Galapagos Species Checklist - Lista de Especies de Galapagos de la Fundacion Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin Foundation / Fundacion Charles Darwin, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos: http: // www. darwinfoundation. org / datazone / checklists / terrestrial-invertebrates / Last updated 30 November 2015." title="Lepidoptera" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Charles Darwin Foundation Galapagos Species Checklist - Lista de Especies de Galapagos de la Fundacion Charles Darwin" year="2015">Roque-Albelo & Landry, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C359652CFF9C820F7FFCFBA7FF64FA28" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FF9C820F7FFCFBA7FEFBFB07" blockId="32.[151,756,1150,1466]" box="[151,367,1150,1173]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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<heading id="D0B481CBFF9C820F7FFCFBA7FEFBFB07" bold="true" box="[151,367,1150,1173]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" reason="6">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7FFCFBA7FEFBFB07" bold="true" box="[151,367,1150,1173]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FF9C820F7FFCFB47FDB6FB25" blockId="32.[151,756,1150,1466]" box="[151,546,1182,1207]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7FFCFB47FF6DFB27" box="[151,249,1182,1205]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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||
<typeStatus id="54F88805FF9C820F7FFCFB47FF6DFB27" box="[151,249,1182,1205]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
:
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<specimenCount id="9D45FD2EFF9C820F7E6CFB46FE8FFB24" box="[263,283,1183,1206]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">♀</specimenCount>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7E37FB47FE26FB27" box="[348,434,1182,1205]" name="Jamaica" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FF9C820F7EABFB46FD82FB25" box="[448,534,1183,1207]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">BMNH</collectionCode>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FF9C820F7FFCFB66FF64FA28" blockId="32.[151,756,1150,1466]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7FFCFB66FECEFB45" box="[151,346,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Other specimens:</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D45FD2EFF9C820F7E03FB66FE03FB45" box="[360,407,1215,1239]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D45FD2EFF9C820F7EC7FB66FE4FFB45" box="[428,475,1215,1239]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
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, 3 of undetermined sex from the
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<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7F96FB06FE53FB64" box="[253,455,1247,1270]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Galápagos Islands</collectingRegion>
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: –
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7E82FB06FDACFB64" box="[489,568,1247,1270]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7E82FB06FDACFB64" box="[489,568,1247,1270]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Isabela</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<quantity id="4CBB9B42FF9C820F7D23FB39FD18FB64" box="[584,652,1247,1272]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
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N P[uer] to Villamil; V[olcan]. Darwin,
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<quantity id="4CBB9B42FF9C820F7D69FAD9FDDAFA85" box="[514,590,1280,1304]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
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elev[ation]. –
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7FFCFAF8FF62FAAA" box="[151,246,1313,1336]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7FFCFAF8FF62FAAA" box="[151,246,1313,1336]" country="Philippines" name="Santiago" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Santiago</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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: James Bay, E side near lagoons, alt[itude]. ±
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<specimenCount id="9D45FD2EFF9C820F7FFCFA98FF5EFACA" box="[151,202,1345,1369]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="generic">
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<quantity id="4CBB9B42FF9C820F7FFCFA98FF52FACA" box="[151,198,1345,1369]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
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.
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||
</specimenCount>
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–
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7F82FA98FEF0FACA" box="[233,356,1345,1368]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7F82FA98FEF0FACA" box="[233,356,1345,1368]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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: [more precise locality unrecorded]; NNW Bella Vista, GPS:
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<quantity id="4CBB9B42FF9C820F7EDEFAB9FE6AFAEA" box="[437,510,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="225.0">225 m</quantity>
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||
elev.,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE775060FF9C820F7D25FAB8FD64FAEB" box="[590,752,1377,1401]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" precision="1" value="-0.6882166">S 00° 41.293’</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE775060FF9C820F7FFCFA5BFEA9FA0A" box="[151,317,1409,1433]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" precision="1" value="-90.32775">W 90° 19.665’</geoCoordinate>
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||
. Deposited in
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||
<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FF9C820F7EB6FA5BFDA4FA0B" box="[477,560,1410,1433]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">BMNH</collectionCode>
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||
,
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<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FF9C820F7D56FA58FDE2FA0B" box="[573,630,1409,1433]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">CNC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FF9C820F7DEFFA58FD55FA0B" box="[644,705,1409,1433]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">MCZ</collectionCode>
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||
, and
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<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FF9C820F7FFCFA7BFF78FA28" box="[151,236,1442,1466]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">MHNG</collectionCode>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C359652CFF9C820F7FFCFA08FF7DF939" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FF9C820F7FFCFA08FF7DF939" blockId="32.[151,756,1489,1707]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
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||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7FFCFA08FE84FA7A" bold="true" box="[151,272,1489,1512]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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Among
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FF9C820F7EEBFA08FE76FA7A" box="[384,482,1489,1512]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Lineodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
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||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7EEBFA08FE76FA7A" box="[384,482,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Lineodes</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
species,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FF9C820F7D33FA0BFD45FA7A" box="[600,721,1489,1513]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Lineodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fontella" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7D33FA0BFD45FA7A" box="[600,721,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">L. fontella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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is easily recognized by its wing markings, especially the round-ended hook of the postmedian line of the forewing and the two small black dots postmedially on the hindwing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A22FF9C820F7E59F98BFE16F9F9" box="[306,386,1618,1643]" captionStart="Figs 25 - 32" captionStartId="13.[151,192,1883,1904]" captionTargetBox="[204,1382,257,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[204,1383,257,1829]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 25 - 32. Galápagos specimens of Spilomelinae, size not to scale. (25 - 27) Lineodes corinnae. (25) Lineodes corinnae ♀ holotype, CNC. (26) ♀ paratype, Isabela, NE slope Alcedo, ca. 400 m up Los Guayabillos camp, 892 m, 1. iv. 2004, MHNG. (27) ♂ paratype, Isabela, Alcedo, lado NE, camp Guayabillos, 700 m, 16. iv. 2002, MHNG. (28) Lineodes fontella ♂, Santa Cruz, NNW Bella Vista, 225 m, 18. ii. 2005, MHNG. (29, 30) Lineodes vulcanalis. (29) ♀ paratype, BMNH ©, the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London. (30) ♂ holotype, BMNH ©, the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London. (31, 32) Loxomorpha cambogialis. (31) ♀, Isabela, 11 km N Pto Villamil, 13. iii. 1989, CNC. (32) ♀, Santa Cruz, transition zone, recently cut road, 12. iii. 2004, MHNG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162856/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). See also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FF9C820F7E9FF98BFD40F9F9" author="Hayden J. E. & Lee S. & Passoa S. C. & Young J. & Landry J. - F. & Nazari V. & Mally R. & Somma L. A. & Ahlmark K. M." box="[500,724,1618,1643]" journalOrPublisher="LgOL. dpuf" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" pagination="287" publicationUrl="http://idtools.org/id/leps" refString="Hayden J. E., Lee S., Passoa S. C., Young J., Landry J. - F., Nazari V., Mally R., Somma L. A., Ahlmark K. M. 2013. Digital Identification of Microlepidoptera on Solanaceae. USDA- APHIS-PPQ Identification Technology Program (ITP). Fort Collins, CO. [Last accessed on 15.10.2014] <http: // idtools. org / id / leps / micro /> - See more at: http: // idtools. org / id / leps / micro / about _ citation. php # sthash. C 287 LgOL. dpuf" title="Digital Identification of Microlepidoptera on Solanaceae. USDA- APHIS-PPQ Identification Technology Program (ITP). Fort Collins, CO. [Last accessed on 15.10.2014] <http: // idtools. org / id / leps / micro /> - See more at" type="book chapter" year="2013">
|
||
Hayden
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7D26F98AFD17F9FB" box="[589,643,1618,1642]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7FFCF9ABFE9CF91B" box="[151,264,1650,1673]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens the wingspan is between 15 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B42FF9C820F7FFCF94AFF72F939" box="[151,230,1683,1707]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C359652CFF9C820F7FFCF91BFDFCF78F" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FF9C820F7FFCF91BFDFCF78F" blockId="32.[151,757,1730,2078]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7FFCF91BFF6CF94B" bold="true" box="[151,248,1730,1753]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Biology:</emphasis>
|
||
The larva has been reared on the fruits of various species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FF9C820F7ED2F93BFD82F96B" box="[441,534,1762,1785]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7ED2F93BFD82F96B" box="[441,534,1762,1785]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Physalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ground cherries,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FF9C820F7FFCF8DAFE86F888" box="[151,274,1795,1818]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FF9C820F7E46F8DAFD8DF88E" author="Hayden J. E. & Lee S. & Passoa S. C. & Young J. & Landry J. - F. & Nazari V. & Mally R. & Somma L. A. & Ahlmark K. M." box="[301,537,1795,1820]" journalOrPublisher="LgOL. dpuf" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" pagination="287" publicationUrl="http://idtools.org/id/leps" refString="Hayden J. E., Lee S., Passoa S. C., Young J., Landry J. - F., Nazari V., Mally R., Somma L. A., Ahlmark K. M. 2013. Digital Identification of Microlepidoptera on Solanaceae. USDA- APHIS-PPQ Identification Technology Program (ITP). Fort Collins, CO. [Last accessed on 15.10.2014] <http: // idtools. org / id / leps / micro /> - See more at: http: // idtools. org / id / leps / micro / about _ citation. php # sthash. C 287 LgOL. dpuf" title="Digital Identification of Microlepidoptera on Solanaceae. USDA- APHIS-PPQ Identification Technology Program (ITP). Fort Collins, CO. [Last accessed on 15.10.2014] <http: // idtools. org / id / leps / micro /> - See more at" type="book chapter" year="2013">
|
||
Hayden
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7EE4F8DDFE51F888" box="[399,453,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7DE9F8DAFD60F888" box="[642,756,1795,1818]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
the four specimens available have been collected in February, March, and May from sea level up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B42FF9C820F7DC5F89DFD60F8CE" box="[686,756,1860,1884]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
in elevation, in anthropized as well as pristine habitats. Four species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FF9C820F7E0EF85DFE55F809" box="[357,449,1924,1947]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7E0EF85DFE55F809" box="[357,449,1924,1947]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Physalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occur in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7D10F85DFD64F809" box="[635,752,1924,1947]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
, including the endemic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FF9C820F7EFDF87CFD65F82E" authority="Waterf." authorityName="Waterf." box="[406,753,1957,1980]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapagoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7EFDF87CFD01F82E" box="[406,661,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Physalis galapagoensis</emphasis>
|
||
Waterf.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is found on the islands of Española, Fernandina, Floreana,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7E7BF83CFEF4F86E" box="[272,352,2021,2044]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7E1CF83FFD8DF86E" box="[375,537,2021,2046]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7E1CF83FFD8DF86E" box="[375,537,2021,2046]" country="Dominican Republic" name="San Cristobal" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">San Cristóbal</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7D5BF83FFD23F86C" box="[560,695,2022,2046]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7FFCF7DFFF60F78F" box="[151,244,2054,2077]" country="Philippines" name="Santiago" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Santiago</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Jaramillo
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FF9C820F7E05F7DFFDC9F78F" author="Jaramillo Diaz P." box="[366,605,2054,2078]" editor="Bungartz F." journalOrPublisher="Charles Darwin Foundation / Fundacion Charles Darwin, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" pagination="2016" part="1" publicationUrl="http://www.darwinfoundation.org" refString="Jaramillo Diaz P., GuezouA. 2015. CDF Checklist of Galapagos Vascular Plants - FCD Lista de especies de Plantas Vasculares de Galapagos. In: Bungartz F., Herrera H., Jaramillo P., Tirado N., Jimenez-Uzcategui G., Ruiz D., Guezou A. & Ziemmeck F. (eds.). Charles Darwin Foundation Galapagos Species Checklist - Lista de Especies de Galapagos de la Fundacion Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin Foundation / Fundacion Charles Darwin, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos: http: // www. darwinfoundation. org / datazone / checklists / vascular-plants / Last accessed 1 June 2016." title="CDF Checklist of Galapagos Vascular Plants - FCD Lista de especies de Plantas Vasculares de Galapagos" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Charles Darwin Foundation Galapagos Species Checklist - Lista de Especies de Galapagos de la Fundacion Charles Darwin" year="2015">Díaz & Guézou, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C359652CFF9C820F7C54FEDBFAA2FD8E" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FF9C820F7C54FEDBFAA2FD8E" blockId="32.[831,1436,258,540]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7C54FEDBFC41FE8B" bold="true" box="[831,981,258,281]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Based on museum specimens examined (BMNH), this species is known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7BB4FEFBFAACFEAB" box="[1247,1336,290,313]" name="Jamaica" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F88805FF9C820F7A05FEFAFA08FEA9" box="[1390,1436,291,315]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7CC2FE9AFC4AFEC9" box="[937,990,323,347]" name="United States of America" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7C9CFE9BFBDFFECB" box="[1015,1099,322,345]" country="Uruguay" name="Florida" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7B01FE9BFA83FECB" box="[1130,1303,322,345]" name="Guyana" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">British Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7A45FE9BFA0DFECB" box="[1326,1433,322,345]" name="Suriname" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Suriname</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7C1AFEBBFC22FEEB" box="[881,950,354,377]" name="Brazil" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FF9C820F7CA8FEBBFB39FEE9" author="Hayden J. E. & Lee S. & Passoa S. C. & Young J. & Landry J. - F. & Nazari V. & Mally R. & Somma L. A. & Ahlmark K. M." box="[963,1197,354,379]" journalOrPublisher="LgOL. dpuf" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" pagination="287" publicationUrl="http://idtools.org/id/leps" refString="Hayden J. E., Lee S., Passoa S. C., Young J., Landry J. - F., Nazari V., Mally R., Somma L. A., Ahlmark K. M. 2013. Digital Identification of Microlepidoptera on Solanaceae. USDA- APHIS-PPQ Identification Technology Program (ITP). Fort Collins, CO. [Last accessed on 15.10.2014] <http: // idtools. org / id / leps / micro /> - See more at: http: // idtools. org / id / leps / micro / about _ citation. php # sthash. C 287 LgOL. dpuf" title="Digital Identification of Microlepidoptera on Solanaceae. USDA- APHIS-PPQ Identification Technology Program (ITP). Fort Collins, CO. [Last accessed on 15.10.2014] <http: // idtools. org / id / leps / micro /> - See more at" type="book chapter" year="2013">
|
||
Hayden
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7B4AFEBDFBCFFEEB" box="[1057,1115,354,379]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mention it as widely distributed in the Neotropical region (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7A68FE5BFADDFE0B" box="[1283,1353,386,409]" name="Brazil" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7A36FE5BFA0DFE0B" box="[1373,1433,386,409]" name="Cuba" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7C54FE7BFBA2FE2B" box="[831,1078,418,441]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Dominican Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7B3BFE7BFA91FE2B" box="[1104,1285,418,441]" name="French Guiana" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7B3BFE7BFA91FE2B" box="[1104,1285,418,441]" country="France" name="Guyane" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">French Guiana</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7A74FE7BFA0CFE2B" box="[1311,1432,418,441]" name="Guatemala" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7A74FE7BFA0CFE2B" box="[1311,1432,418,441]" country="Guatemala" name="Guatemala" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Guatemala</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7C54FE1AFC01FE49" box="[831,917,451,475]" name="Guyana" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7CCEFE1AFB84FE48" box="[933,1040,451,474]" name="Honduras" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7B74FE1AFBECFE48" box="[1055,1144,451,474]" name="Jamaica" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7BE3FE1AFB49FE48" box="[1160,1245,451,474]" name="Mexico" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7BE3FE1AFB49FE48" box="[1160,1245,451,474]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7B87FE1AFAD7FE49" box="[1260,1347,451,475]" name="Panama" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7B87FE1AFAD7FE49" box="[1260,1347,451,475]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Panama</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and in the southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7CA7FE3AFC65FE69" box="[972,1009,483,507]" name="United States of America" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
. In the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7B28FE3AFB20FE68" box="[1091,1204,483,506]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
this species has been collected on
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7CA3FDDAFB82FD88" box="[968,1046,515,538]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7B4AFDDAFB15FD88" box="[1057,1153,515,538]" country="Philippines" name="Santiago" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Santiago</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7BD3FDDDFAA5FD8E" box="[1208,1329,516,540]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C359652CFF9C820F7C54FDEAFBC1FD3B" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FF9C820F7C54FDEAFBC1FD3B" blockId="32.[831,1436,562,681]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FF9C820F7C54FDEAFC33FDD9" bold="true" box="[831,935,563,587]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Remark:</emphasis>
|
||
I have compared one of my
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FF9C820F7A41FDEBFA08FDDB" box="[1322,1436,562,585]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens with material in the BMNH, including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F88805FF9C820F7C54FDABFC09FD1B" box="[831,925,626,649]" pageId="32" pageNumber="347" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FF9C820F7B2FFDABFB0FFD1B" box="[1092,1179,626,649]" name="Jamaica" pageId="32" pageNumber="347">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(slide BM 1289), for securing its identification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |