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<document id="432C1FBE3A8F000785829839866FADC4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4104.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9b3e7716-1099-48ca-803b-620c25d788f1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="265809" ID-ZooBank="D598E724-C9E4-4BBA-B25D-511300A47B1D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461050759050" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duellman, William E., Marion, Angela B. &amp; Hedges, Blair" docDate="2016" docId="03EA87A5FFB41237F3988EA932EEF5FF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4104.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4104 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Colomascirtus Duellman, Marion &amp; Hedges, 2016, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FFD3FFDDFFA91229F30F8D5E333EF35E" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae)" masterLastPageNumber="109" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698579563523" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5A9CBEAA37017DC4BBECA9023510817B">Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="EBE92B3EDEC8D9B72A36413BB7E1252D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B6A875A985230CFA8D30756CDF225D22">Duellman, William E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DB1890B276B54F9C7908B2C4811A746D">Marion, Angela B.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C26A9866B70FB1FC5EAB5BE3F5276A77" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E634CA8EC0E2BF9B21570DC3A5DB43B3">
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<mods:namePart id="BE9D8CA5304796DD2F4A44EA93709D61">Hedges, Blair</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C472C4B93BE8671D9EBD479048F3312E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="44F97A27C4B45AA4A6B7BCB6E00799AE">
<mods:date id="082AE7D9B7BC959769DC5194D171EDF1">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="B2E9EA376A7F0F239EE49E78CDAD7202" type="volume">
<mods:number id="67447423C727775724A347F8726B50C2">4104</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D5EF0DBA38835418490D94B6E4124DDD">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A12030B56608519A494287B93730DA5D">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="0F2E7690E8276E786235666E3D911891">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="39F40BA9EB996473DFFD392C1156B026" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4104.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="90595E81DB0014768970C87F22C49020" type="GBIF-Dataset">9b3e7716-1099-48ca-803b-620c25d788f1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EA87A5FFB41237F3988EA932EEF5FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5458528" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611930" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5458528" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA87A5FFB41237F3988EA932EEF5FF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EA87A5FFB41237F3988EA932EEF5FF" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="C3596538FFB41234F3988EA931CFF578" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB41234F3988EA932F3F74C" blockId="29.[151,461,1015,1042]" box="[151,461,1015,1042]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D0B481DFFFB41234F3988EA932F3F74C" bold="true" box="[151,461,1015,1042]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F3988EA932F3F74C" bold="true" box="[151,461,1015,1042]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F3988EA9327BF74F" ID-CoL="3SGV" box="[151,325,1015,1041]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F3988EA9327BF74F" bold="true" box="[151,325,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Colomascirtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20457DAFFB41234F2438EA632F3F74C" box="[332,461,1016,1042]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB41234F3988960300FF70A" blockId="29.[151,817,1086,1108]" box="[151,817,1086,1108]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F3988960320CF70A" box="[151,306,1086,1108]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F39889603210F70A" box="[151,302,1086,1108]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Colomascirtus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54F88811FFB41234F23889613257F70A" box="[311,361,1087,1108]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F2C989603013F70A" authority="Duellman, 1973" authorityName="Duellman" authorityYear="1973" box="[454,813,1086,1108]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larinopygion">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F2C9896031BFF70A" box="[454,641,1086,1108]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Hyla larinopygion</emphasis>
Duellman, 1973
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB41234F39889DF364CF7BC" blockId="29.[151,1437,1153,1970]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F39889DF3228F7C4" bold="true" box="[151,278,1153,1178]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Definition.</emphasis>
Large, colorful frogs attaining SVLs of more than
<quantity id="4CBB9B56FFB41234F06889DC3087F7C7" box="[871,953,1154,1178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13782A36FFB41234F0C589DF370BF7C4" box="[970,1077,1153,1178]" captionStart="FIGURE 12. A" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1124,1146]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1102]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1102]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 12. A. Colomascirtus lindae, KU 164402, 11 km east-southeast Papallacta, 2660 m, Napo, Ecuador. B. Colomascirtus armatus, KU 173221, Buenos Aires, 2400 m, Cusco, Peru (note humeral spines and hypertrophied forearm). C. Hyloscirtus bogotensis, KU 169437, Parque Arqueológico San Agustín, 1750 m, Huila, Colombia. D. Hyloscirtus alytolylax, KU 207706, 4 km NE Dos Ríos, 1149 m, Pichincha, Ecuador. All by W. E. Duellman." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265824/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
); cloacal region swollen; white parietal peritoneum and mental gland absent; stream-dwelling tadpoles with large oral discs directed ventrally and having one or two complete rows of marginal papillae; LTRF 4–14/6–17. Chromosome complement unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB41234F3C889B331CFF578" blockId="29.[151,1437,1153,1970]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F3C889B33210F658" bold="true" box="[199,302,1261,1286]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Content.</emphasis>
Seventeen species:
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F11789B337A4F658" authority="Rivera-Correa &amp; Faivovich" authorityName="Rivera-Correa &amp; Faivovich" box="[536,1178,1261,1286]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antioquia">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F11789B33001F65B" box="[536,831,1261,1286]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Colomascirtus antioquia*</emphasis>
(Rivera-Correa &amp; Faivovich)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F7A789B036A6F658" authority="Boulenger" authorityName="Boulenger" box="[1192,1432,1261,1286]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F7A789B0363AF65B" box="[1192,1284,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">armatus</emphasis>
(Boulenger)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F398884C3230F677" box="[151,270,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">caucanus*</emphasis>
(Ardila-Robayo, Ruiz-Carranza, &amp; Rua-Trujillo),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F061884F376DF674" authority="Vellard" authorityName="Vellard" box="[878,1107,1297,1322]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="charazani">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F061884F30E0F674" box="[878,990,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">charazani</emphasis>
(Vellard)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F768884F37CBF674" box="[1127,1269,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">chlorosteus*</emphasis>
(Reynolds &amp; Foster),
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F3FB886B326FF610" box="[244,337,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">condor*</emphasis>
(Almendáriz, Brito-M., Batallas-R. &amp; Ron),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F047886830A1F613" box="[840,927,1334,1357]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="criptico">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F047886830A1F613" box="[840,927,1334,1357]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">criptico</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Coloma, Carvajal-Endara, Dueñas, Paredes- Recalde, Morales-Mite, Almeida-Reinoso, Tapia, Hutter, Toral-Contreras &amp; Guayasamin),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F60488073225F6C8" authority="Duellman" authorityName="Duellman" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larinopygion">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F604880736A2F62C" box="[1291,1436,1369,1394]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">larinopygion</emphasis>
(Duellman)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F23F88233142F6C8" authority="Duellman &amp; Altig" authorityName="Duellman &amp; Altig" box="[304,636,1405,1430]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lindae">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F23F88233248F6C8" box="[304,374,1405,1430]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">lindae</emphasis>
(Duellman &amp; Altig)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F19D882330DCF6C8" authority="Duellman &amp; Hillis" authorityName="Duellman &amp; Hillis" box="[658,994,1405,1430]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pacha">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F19D882331E9F6C8" box="[658,727,1405,1430]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">pacha</emphasis>
(Duellman &amp; Hillis)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F0F8882036A6F6C8" authority="Duellman &amp; Berger" authorityName="Duellman &amp; Berger" box="[1015,1432,1405,1430]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pantostictus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F0F888203740F6CB" box="[1015,1150,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">pantostictus</emphasis>
(Duellman &amp; Berger)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F39888FF315FF680" authority="Coloma, Carvajal-Endara, Duenas, Paredes-Recalde, Morales-Mite, Almeida-Reinoso, Tapia, Hutter, Toral-Contreras &amp; Guayasamin" authorityName="Coloma, Carvajal-Endara, Duenas, Paredes-Recalde, Morales-Mite, Almeida-Reinoso, Tapia, Hutter, Toral-Contreras &amp; Guayasamin" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="princecharlesi">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F39888FF3207F6E4" box="[151,313,1441,1466]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">princecharlesi</emphasis>
(Coloma, Carvajal-Endara, Dueñas, Paredes-Recalde, Morales-Mite, Almeida-Reinoso, Tapia, Hutter, Toral-Contreras &amp; Guayasamin)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F161889B30D3F680" authority="Duellman &amp; Hillis" authorityName="Duellman &amp; Hillis" box="[622,1005,1477,1502]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="psarolaimus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F161889B31C9F680" box="[622,759,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">psarolaimus</emphasis>
(Duellman &amp; Hillis)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F0F4889B36A9F680" authority="Duellman &amp; Hillis" authorityName="Duellman &amp; Hillis" box="[1019,1431,1477,1502]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ptychodactylus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F0F4889B379DF680" box="[1019,1187,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ptychodactylus</emphasis>
(Duellman &amp; Hillis)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F39888B43109F55C" authority="Duellman &amp; Coloma" authorityName="Duellman &amp; Coloma" box="[151,567,1513,1538]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="staufferorum">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F39888B43219F55C" box="[151,295,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">staufferorum</emphasis>
(Duellman &amp; Coloma)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F14A88B737ACF55C" authority="Kizirian, Coloma &amp; Paredes-Recalde" authorityName="Kizirian, Coloma &amp; Paredes-Recalde" box="[581,1170,1513,1538]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapichalaca">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F14A88B731F7F55C" box="[581,713,1513,1538]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">tapichalaca</emphasis>
(Kizirian, Coloma &amp; Paredes-Recalde)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F7DC88B43614F55F" box="[1235,1322,1514,1537]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tigrinus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F7DC88B43614F55F" box="[1235,1322,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">tigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Mueses- Cisneros, &amp; Anganoy-Criollo), all new combinations.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3596538FFB41234F3C88B6F33CFF530" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB41234F3C88B6F33CFF530" blockId="29.[151,1437,1153,1970]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F3C88B6F325EF514" bold="true" box="[199,352,1585,1610]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</emphasis>
Cloud forest and subparamo in the Andes of
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FFB41234F0638B6F30E4F514" box="[876,986,1585,1610]" name="Colombia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Colombia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FFB41234F71B8B6F374DF514" box="[1044,1139,1585,1610]" name="Ecuador" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, and in southern
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FFB41234F6378B6C3655F517" box="[1336,1387,1586,1609]" name="Peru" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Peru</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FFB41234F3988B0B33D0F530" box="[151,238,1621,1646]" name="Bolivia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3596538FFB41234F3C88B273291F584" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB41234F3C88B273291F584" blockId="29.[151,1437,1153,1970]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F3C88B273270F5CC" bold="true" box="[199,334,1657,1682]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Etymology.</emphasis>
The generic name is a patronym for Luis A. Coloma in combination with the Greek
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F61B8B24365CF5CF" box="[1300,1378,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">scirtao</emphasis>
verb meaning to leap. Coloma has been a principal researcher on, and conservationist of, frogs in the northern Andes. The gender is masculine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3596538FFB41237F3C88BBB32EEF5FF" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB41234F3C88BBB360DF4EC" blockId="29.[151,1437,1153,1970]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F3C88BBB3205F5A0" bold="true" box="[199,315,1765,1790]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Remarks.</emphasis>
Members of
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F2D68BBB3143F5A0" box="[473,637,1765,1790]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F2D68BBB3143F5A0" box="[473,637,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Colomascirtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were first defined as the
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F0A68BBB3747F5A0" box="[937,1145,1765,1790]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larinopygion">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F0A68BBB3747F5A0" box="[937,1145,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Hyla larinopygion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB41234F7F48BBB3217F47C" author="Duellman" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Duellman, W. E. &amp; Hillis, D. M. (1990) Systematics of frogs of the Hyla larinopygion Group. Occasional Papers, Museum of Natural History University of Kansas, 134, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1990">Duellman and Hillis (1990)</bibRefCitation>
and subsequently by Duellman
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F1938A5431E8F47C" box="[668,726,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
(1997) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB41234F06B8A5737CDF47C" author="Rivera-Correa" box="[868,1267,1801,1826]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Rivera-Correa, M. &amp; Faivovich, J. (2013) A new species of Hyloscirtus (Anura: Hylidae) from Colombia, with a rediagnosis of Hyloscirtus larinopygion (Duellman, 1973). Herpetologica, 69, 298 - 313. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 12 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2013">Rivera-Correa &amp; Faivovich (2013)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB41234F60F8A5733DFF418" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Coloma, L. A., Carvajal-Endara, S., Duenas, J. F., Paredes-Recalde, A., Morales-Mite, M. A., Almeida-Reinoso, D., Tapia, E. E., Hutter, C. R., Toral-Contreras, E. &amp; Guayasamin, J. M. (2012) Molecular phylogenetics of stream treefrogs of the Hyloscirtus larinopygion group (Anura: Hylidae), and description of two new species from Ecuador. Zootaxa, 3364 (4), 1 - 78. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3686.4.3" type="journal article">
Coloma
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F66D8A5436A2F47C" box="[1378,1436,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
provided a thorough account of the morphology, osteology, development, calls, and ecology of the species in the genus. A detailed morphological study of the tadpoles by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB41234F07E8A0F371CF434" author="Sanchez" box="[881,1058,1873,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Sanchez, D. A. (2010) Larval development and synapomorphies for species groups of Hyloscirtus Peters, 1882 (Anura: Hylidae: Cophomantini). Copeia, 2010, 351 - 363. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1643 / CH- 10 - 010" type="journal article" year="2010">Sánchez (2010)</bibRefCitation>
revealed two structures (shelf on upper jaw sheath and crown-like ornamentation around naris) that help define two groups of species that are not concordant with the then recognized
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F13A8AC731D5F4EC" box="[565,747,1945,1970]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F13A8AC731D5F4EC" box="[565,747,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Hyla bogotensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB41234F02E8AC730D1F4EC" box="[801,1007,1945,1970]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larinopygion">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F02E8AC730D1F4EC" box="[801,1007,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Hyla larinopygion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
groups (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB41234F75E8AC73619F4EC" author="Coloma" box="[1105,1319,1945,1970]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Coloma, L. A., Carvajal-Endara, S., Duenas, J. F., Paredes-Recalde, A., Morales-Mite, M. A., Almeida-Reinoso, D., Tapia, E. E., Hutter, C. R., Toral-Contreras, E. &amp; Guayasamin, J. M. (2012) Molecular phylogenetics of stream treefrogs of the Hyloscirtus larinopygion group (Anura: Hylidae), and description of two new species from Ecuador. Zootaxa, 3364 (4), 1 - 78. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3686.4.3" type="journal article" year="2012">
Coloma
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB41234F7BD8AC437DDF4EC" box="[1202,1251,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3C663BFFB71237F398893A30C0F78B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265824/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1102]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB71237F398893A30C0F78B" blockId="30.[151,1436,1124,1237]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F398893A326FF727" bold="true" box="[151,337,1124,1146]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 12. A.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F26F893A3174F724" box="[352,586,1124,1146]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F26F893A3178F724" box="[352,582,1124,1146]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lindae">Colomascirtus lindae</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
KU 164402, 11 km east-southeast Papallacta, 2660 m, Napo, Ecuador.
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F68B893A36A5F727" bold="true" box="[1412,1435,1124,1145]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F39889DC32B5F7C6" box="[151,395,1154,1176]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F39889DC32B9F7C6" box="[151,391,1154,1176]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armatus">Colomascirtus armatus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
KU 173221, Buenos Aires, 2400 m, Cusco, Peru (note humeral spines and hypertrophied forearm).
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F68C89DC36A2F7C6" bold="true" box="[1411,1436,1154,1176]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F39889FF32B8F7E9" box="[151,390,1185,1207]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F39889FF32BCF7E9" box="[151,386,1185,1207]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bogotensis">Hyloscirtus bogotensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
KU 169437, Parque Arqueológico San Agustín, 1750 m, Huila, Colombia.
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F79A89FF3790F7E8" bold="true" box="[1173,1198,1185,1206]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">D.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F7BA89FF36A2F7E9" box="[1205,1436,1185,1207]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F7BA89FF36A6F7E9" box="[1205,1432,1185,1207]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alytolylax">Hyloscirtus alytolylax</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
KU 207706, 4 km NE Dos Ríos, 1149 m, Pichincha, Ecuador. All by W. E. Duellman.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB71237F3C889A032EEF5FF" blockId="30.[151,1436,1276,1698]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Two species,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F26E89A23157F64B" box="[353,617,1276,1301]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F26E89A23157F64B" box="[353,617,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Colomascirtus armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F1AC89A03002F64B" box="[675,828,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F1AC89A03007F64B" box="[675,825,1276,1301]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="charazani">C. charazani</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
have been placed in a group variously recognized as the
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F3CF887F3270F667" box="[192,334,1313,1338]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F3CF887F3270F667" box="[192,334,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Hyla armata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group (Duellman
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F12E887C3167F664" box="[545,601,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
1997) or the
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F1E1887F30EFF667" box="[750,977,1313,1338]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F1E1887F30EFF667" box="[750,977,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Hyloscirtus armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group (De la
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB71237F77D887F3619F667" author="Riva" box="[1138,1319,1313,1338]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="De la Riva, I., Kohler, J., Lotters, S. &amp; Reiche, S. (2000) Ten years of research on Bolivian amphibians: updated checklist, distribution, taxonomic problems, literature, and iconography. Revista Espanola de Herpetologia, 14, 18 - 164." type="journal article" year="2000">
Riva
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F7A2887C37DBF664" box="[1197,1253,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB71237F63E887C33C2F603" author="Lotters" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Lotters, S., Reichle, S., Faivovich, J. &amp; Bain, R. H. (2005) The stream-dwelling tadpole of Hyloscirtus charazani (Anura: Hylidae) from Andean Bolivia. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 40, 181 - 185. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650520500309735" type="journal article" year="2005">
Lötters
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F687887C338AF603" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
). These two species occur in southern
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FFB71237F1C3881831C1F603" box="[716,767,1350,1373]" name="Peru" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Peru</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FFB71237F030881A30AAF603" box="[831,916,1348,1373]" name="Bolivia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
, leaving a gap of more than
<quantity id="4CBB9B56FFB71237F7FD881B3664F603" box="[1266,1370,1348,1373]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="km" value="2000.0">2000 km</quantity>
from southern
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FFB71237F3F088373262F6DC" box="[255,348,1385,1410]" name="Ecuador" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
to southern
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FFB71237F2E58834311FF6DF" box="[490,545,1386,1409]" name="Peru" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Peru</collectingCountry>
. Males of these large frogs have clusters of keratinized spines on the prepollex and on the proximal ventral surface of the humerus (
<figureCitation id="13782A36FFB71237F1F188D3306DF6FB" box="[766,851,1421,1446]" captionStart="FIGURE 12. A" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1124,1146]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1102]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1102]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 12. A. Colomascirtus lindae, KU 164402, 11 km east-southeast Papallacta, 2660 m, Napo, Ecuador. B. Colomascirtus armatus, KU 173221, Buenos Aires, 2400 m, Cusco, Peru (note humeral spines and hypertrophied forearm). C. Hyloscirtus bogotensis, KU 169437, Parque Arqueológico San Agustín, 1750 m, Huila, Colombia. D. Hyloscirtus alytolylax, KU 207706, 4 km NE Dos Ríos, 1149 m, Pichincha, Ecuador. All by W. E. Duellman." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265824/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
B). The LTRF in tadpoles is 13–14/16–17, notably greater than in other species of
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F10D88EF3193F694" box="[514,685,1457,1482]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F10D88EF3197F694" box="[514,681,1457,1482]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Colomascirtus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
4–9/6–12 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB71237F02088EF30EAF697" author="Sanchez" box="[815,980,1457,1482]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Sanchez, D. A. (2010) Larval development and synapomorphies for species groups of Hyloscirtus Peters, 1882 (Anura: Hylidae: Cophomantini). Copeia, 2010, 351 - 363. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1643 / CH- 10 - 010" type="journal article" year="2010">Sánchez 2010</bibRefCitation>
). In our tree (
<figureCitation id="13782A36FFB71237F77C88EF3786F697" box="[1139,1208,1457,1482]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[205,1424,1381,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[174,1472,1381,1884]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of arboranan frogs based on DNA sequence data from 19 genes (16,128 aligned sites). The tree is rooted with Ceuthomantis smaragdinus, Dendrobates auratus, Haddadus binotatus, and Rhinoderma darwinii (not shown). Bootstrap support values are indicated at nodes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265813/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F7C688EC3676F697" box="[1225,1352,1458,1481]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F7C688EC3676F697" box="[1225,1352,1458,1481]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F68D88EC3239F6B0" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="charazani">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F68D88EC3239F6B0" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. charazani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are in a well-supported (100%) clade that is sister of all other
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F0D0888B37B4F6B0" box="[991,1162,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F0D0888B37B8F6B0" box="[991,1158,1493,1518]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Colomascirtus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
This same arrangement was shown in molecular phylogenetic trees by Faivovich
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F01188A43068F54C" box="[798,854,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
(2005),
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB71237F0B988A737B4F54F" box="[950,1162,1529,1554]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Wiens, J. J., Kuczynski, C. A., Hua, X. &amp; Moen, D. S. (2010) An expanded phylogeny of treefrogs (Hylidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 55, 871 - 882. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2010.03.013" type="journal article">
Wiens
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F70B88A4370BF54C" box="[1028,1077,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
, Pyron &amp; Wiens (2011),
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB71237F3988B4332BBF56B" box="[151,389,1565,1590]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Coloma, L. A., Carvajal-Endara, S., Duenas, J. F., Paredes-Recalde, A., Morales-Mite, M. A., Almeida-Reinoso, D., Tapia, E. E., Hutter, C. R., Toral-Contreras, E. &amp; Guayasamin, J. M. (2012) Molecular phylogenetics of stream treefrogs of the Hyloscirtus larinopygion group (Anura: Hylidae), and description of two new species from Ecuador. Zootaxa, 3364 (4), 1 - 78. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3686.4.3" type="journal article">
Coloma
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F3F58B403210F568" box="[250,302,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB71237F2C98B433066F56B" author="Rivera-Correa" box="[454,856,1565,1590]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Rivera-Correa, M. &amp; Faivovich, J. (2013) A new species of Hyloscirtus (Anura: Hylidae) from Colombia, with a rediagnosis of Hyloscirtus larinopygion (Duellman, 1973). Herpetologica, 69, 298 - 313. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 12 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2013">Rivera-Correa &amp; Faivovich (2013)</bibRefCitation>
. In the phylogenetic analysis by Almendáriz
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F6698B4036A2F568" box="[1382,1436,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">at al</emphasis>
(2014), a different topology was recovered with
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F1BD8B1C3010F507" box="[690,814,1602,1625]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F1BD8B1C3010F507" box="[690,814,1602,1625]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F06C8B1C30CDF504" box="[867,1011,1601,1626]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Colomascirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="charazani">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F06C8B1C30CDF504" box="[867,1011,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. charazani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as sister taxa of
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB71237F7A38B1F3613F504" box="[1196,1325,1601,1626]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F7A38B1F3613F504" box="[1196,1325,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Hyloscirtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; however their arrangement had less support and was based on fewer genes than those by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB71237F7268B3B3631F523" box="[1065,1295,1637,1662]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Coloma, L. A., Carvajal-Endara, S., Duenas, J. F., Paredes-Recalde, A., Morales-Mite, M. A., Almeida-Reinoso, D., Tapia, E. E., Hutter, C. R., Toral-Contreras, E. &amp; Guayasamin, J. M. (2012) Molecular phylogenetics of stream treefrogs of the Hyloscirtus larinopygion group (Anura: Hylidae), and description of two new species from Ecuador. Zootaxa, 3364 (4), 1 - 78. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3686.4.3" type="journal article">
Coloma
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB71237F7868B383785F520" box="[1161,1211,1637,1662]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
and Rivera-
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB71237F3988BD732F2F5FF" author="Correa" box="[151,460,1673,1698]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Rivera-Correa, M. &amp; Faivovich, J. (2013) A new species of Hyloscirtus (Anura: Hylidae) from Colombia, with a rediagnosis of Hyloscirtus larinopygion (Duellman, 1973). Herpetologica, 69, 298 - 313. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 12 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2013">Correa &amp; Faivovich (2013)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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