145 lines
14 KiB
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145 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="DDA5F7D7C5C7AF8D151C77C7568A46E6" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4104.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9b3e7716-1099-48ca-803b-620c25d788f1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="265809" ID-ZooBank="D598E724-C9E4-4BBA-B25D-511300A47B1D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461050759050" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duellman, William E., Marion, Angela B. & Hedges, Blair" docDate="2016" docId="03EA87A5FF9A121DF3988A0A30D6F1AE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4104.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4104 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hylidae" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FFD3FFDDFFA91229F30F8D5E333EF35E" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae)" masterLastPageNumber="109" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1698579563523" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A03EFDB7D9B625019F30C6C17B917FED">
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<mods:title id="33CC59C0980E7D32C45ECD3F875170CD">Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="CA04FD1DEAF4B7242B3C617B07BDA499" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="901CA524BB1B3233712B61E9DFC6BBED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1893CCF3EE396907A170CDED15157284">Duellman, William E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="BB4A7853076B396AD38EB29A1B6DC6A4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C6FE8804DF31161BDE50C15F088F81F6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6E63FB37566890ADDB2E20CAEEEAEFCE">Marion, Angela B.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="22DD132EA3C6B2C41B2067955D109290" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1BB3A98E3F18CB2A108BB910F495B0DE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7230FFF2E5731613204F2AB65A8FFB9B">Hedges, Blair</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="30E3B43E5DD69A7980CCAAB4B717AF90">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B090E2F93F62C7B81933258D326A9988">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0A664AD1C3E3D66224023C1B47C74352">
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<mods:date id="3238345A673003C0AD4B9C5C08B99401">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DD819437339AADAC1B0764F77E37DFA5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="45AA0B29F260791B7C71DAF3B621EB73">4104</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="5C8333D054E0EF9D209102CBEB157FD1" type="issue">
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<mods:classification id="2E3C4730955871E8909E32DD3EDD4D38">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="06DDDE18B7EC5BC38175E3A390DBCC93" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4104.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C5412122AB379209E48C135CFBDD0262" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1A82DFCC48125D4D377CDFEBC869B231" type="Zenodo-Dep">265809</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EA87A5FF9A121DF3988A0A30D6F1AE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5458567" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611873" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5458567" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA87A5FF9A121DF3988A0A30D6F1AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EA87A5FF9A121DF3988A0A30D6F1AE" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection id="C3596538FF9A121DF3988A0A30D6F1AE" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FF9A121AF3988A0A32FBF430" blockId="51.[151,453,1876,1902]" box="[151,453,1876,1902]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<heading id="D0B481DFFF9A121AF3988A0A32FBF430" bold="true" box="[151,453,1876,1902]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9A121AF3988A0A32FBF430" bold="true" box="[151,453,1876,1902]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9A121AF3988A0A33C3F430" ID-CoL="B9H" box="[151,253,1876,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Hylidae</taxonomicName>
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: Lophyohylinae
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FF9A121DF3988AC43035F146" blockId="51.[151,1436,1946,2007]" lastBlockId="52.[151,1437,151,752]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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Another clade of arboranans now designated Lophyohylinae originated (crown node) in the late Eocene, 37.2 (32.3–42.2) Mya. Based on present distributions, lophyohylines originated in the Amazon Basin and subsequently dispersed into eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF9D121DF29C8DC932E4F3EE" box="[403,474,151,176]" name="Brazil" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, the Guianan Region, and the West Indies. An early divergence (the crown node) led to the evolution of
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF2608DE232CCF38B" box="[367,498,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phyllodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF2608DE232CCF38B" box="[367,498,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Phyllodytes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF9D121DF1618DE2318CF38B" box="[622,690,188,213]" name="Brazil" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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and
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF1E48DE23044F38B" box="[747,890,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Phytotriades</emphasis>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF9D121DF0908DE2373CF38B" box="[927,1026,188,213]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
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. A major split in the Lophyohylinae occurred in the late Eocene, 34.6 (30.8–38.4) Mya. The first clade contained ancestral
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF79B8D813672F3A6" box="[1172,1356,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF79B8D813676F3A6" box="[1172,1352,223,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trachycephalus</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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which became widespread in the American tropics and differentiated into 14 species. The earliest divergence from the ancestral
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF20A8C793288F21E" box="[261,438,295,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF20A8C793288F21E" box="[261,438,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Trachycephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was the differentiation of
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF1E08C793054F21E" box="[751,874,295,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Itapotihyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF1E08C793054F21E" box="[751,874,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Itapotihyla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the latest Eocene, 33.2 (26.8–39.6) Mya; the single species inhabits the Atlantic Coastal Forest in
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<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF9D121DF1E08C123009F23B" box="[751,823,332,357]" name="Brazil" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF04D8C123083F23B" box="[834,957,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Itapotihyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF04D8C123083F23B" box="[834,957,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Itapotihyla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is like some species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF7C28C123640F23B" box="[1229,1406,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF7C28C123640F23B" box="[1229,1406,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Trachycephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having a casque head. In what is now subhumid regions of northeastern
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<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF9D121DF0E78C313711F2D6" box="[1000,1071,367,392]" name="Brazil" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, the casque-headed, bromeliaddwelling
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF20E8CCA3299F2F3" box="[257,423,404,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Corythomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF20E8CCA3299F2F3" box="[257,423,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Corythomantis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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diverged from
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF1598CCA3039F2F3" box="[598,775,404,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF1598CCA3039F2F3" box="[598,775,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Trachycephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the Oligocene, 28.4 (22.6–34.2) Mya. Another clade of casque-headed species diverged (crown node) in the early Miocene, 20.0 (15.4–24.6) Mya; these included the ancestors of
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF23C8C8232CCF2AB" box="[307,498,476,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Aparasphenodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF23C8C8232CCF2AB" box="[307,498,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Aparasphenodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the upper Orinoco Basin and coastal
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<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF9D121DF0E08C823708F2AB" box="[1007,1078,476,501]" name="Brazil" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF7468C8237E1F2AB" box="[1097,1247,476,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Argenteohyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF7468C8237E1F2AB" box="[1097,1247,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Argenteohyla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in northeastern
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<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF9D121DF3988CA13237F146" box="[151,265,511,536]" name="Argentina" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF24C8F5F32F7F146" box="[323,457,513,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Nyctimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF24C8F5F32F7F146" box="[323,457,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Nyctimantis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the upper Amazon Basin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FF9D121DF3C88F7A30D6F1AE" blockId="52.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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The second major clade of lophyohylines split into two clades in the early Oligocene, 31.9 (28.2–35.5) Mya. One of these clades became
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF2D78F19316EF13E" box="[472,592,583,608]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteopilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF2D78F19316EF13E" box="[472,592,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Osteopilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see below). The other divided into three modern genera, diverging 25–28 Mya. This led to
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF2568F3232E5F1DB" box="[345,475,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Dryaderces</emphasis>
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(single species represented), with two species in the Amazon Basin and on the lower slopes of the adjacent Andes;
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF2E48FD131AEF1F6" box="[491,656,655,680]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF2E48FD131AEF1F6" box="[491,656,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Osteocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the Miocene, 18.2 (15.5–20.9) Mya (crown node) with 23 species in the Amazon Basin, lower slopes of the Andes, and the Guianan Region; and
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9D121DF7028FEA3744F193" box="[1037,1146,692,717]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9D121DF7028FEA3744F193" box="[1037,1146,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tepuihyla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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also in the Miocene, 16.5 (12.8–20.3) Mya (crown node) with seven species in the
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<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF9D121DF01A8F893058F1AE" box="[789,870,727,752]" name="Guyana" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Guiana</collectingCountry>
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Highlands.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |