187 lines
22 KiB
XML
187 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="EAA6A1EE73BE420ED912DD0B426DB4E4" ID-CLB-Dataset="298698" ID-DOI="10.21307/jofnem-2022-002" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c2d976d2-3b31-4091-802d-c11347478fda" ID-ISSN="2640-396X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11644649" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1718309280278" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bernard, Ernest C, Chaffin, Angel G & Gwinn, Kimberly D" docDate="2022" docId="03E987A7FFF3FFA5DBF2FD5EFAC58C13" docLanguage="en" docName="JNematol.54.1.002.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Nematology 54 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2022-002" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DDD1F39569878942AA8312288C6178BF.2:JNematol.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="DDD1F39569878942AA8312288C6178BF" docStyleName="JNematol.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Meloidogyne" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="FFD0FFDFFFF1FFA7DB65FFC3FF898862" masterDocTitle="Review of nematode interactions with hemp (Cannabis sativa)" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1718907079740" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
|
||
<mods:mods id="062385E6C0959C37E4ED9978F7BCE817" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="2B06FDCFCF0DDADFBEF8405BFFEF7737">
|
||
<mods:title id="6A370AC38336CFA1913CC6DD4B5A34C7">Review of nematode interactions with hemp (Cannabis sativa)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="4EA09D534363FC887E3BA518DD5DF917" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="67B10384D3E66F0F2CBF60951B9B784D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="0B676027B878E8BA0EB86AEC435B6F81">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="5EFA8FC74ADA5B90F37E73526AACFAD9">Bernard, Ernest C</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="A9A95ED6646072196DF57D63C5456BFE">Entomology and Plant Pathology, The University of Tennessee, 370 Plant Biotechnology, Building, 2505 E J Chapman Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996 - 4560.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="315B1BC0AE7B73B4577F6A743F27E542" type="email">ebernard@utk.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="64F85F096C7D576540B52624E1765344" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E4C35AB5D70C4075F14F521DE02B1C12">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="0D0E217FF01FF17330C0201CA170FFE8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="04101DB50C72FB81F15704BA89DE3529">Chaffin, Angel G</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="EFBB5EBA2DBC90F8A001109FDAEEBE2B">Pope’s Plant Farm, Maryville, TN.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="E4DA7B7BAF29EBC8CAF308FB7B4A54EC" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="54D28761B3D7292989D8CB8112D60DD5">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="3BC9FE8A3D59556F124B25437EA10011">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="151F9D53CE832433ABB9071C430FD72C">Gwinn, Kimberly D</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="A867CE7A05067A0AC5F2ED904CEC2EF9">Entomology and Plant Pathology, The University of Tennessee, 370 Plant Biotechnology, Building, 2505 E J Chapman Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996 - 4560.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="155DBA6DA28E7E834E0A65500440FFF4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="217B097B147766307D49D0CA6E102F9F" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="AE321A0AA75085E0464DF670DC688D8D">
|
||
<mods:title id="6AE7C30A39AE896134A66A977647231D">Journal of Nematology</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="4A31BA33701AD95F0B829B2CB368C11D">
|
||
<mods:date id="FE085CDF220E5543B03D1E93C1EF23C5">2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="C2D7E981F6508726F5DAEA68AE68DAD6" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="0D9D2F07EB256130AED0420810C560C8">2021-08-23</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="459A56B5D521650502A2800AF3207148" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="8E30B438B597CF1665225914A185BC7C">54</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="C9F0770827E600E5B579D9BA140989CD" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="6C04AF580B2DEEB2FB2C2C44AEE6BA2C">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="61625828FC22C606EFCC2699266FDF09" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="5786FF38290B5C190417BBA26F03C881">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="EA9A32EE88293414D790AEE9C3690274">18</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="D142157E7F05169629FD543DF623357E">
|
||
<mods:url id="F08053C6976E4511263FB8AB74B3460B">http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2022-002</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="5E5F45CDF5204CDD866A4D199DE3590E">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BE552DC9DD695F1379240E324E709AFE" type="CLB-Dataset">298698</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="0E996217C82DDB9460A430A1D1CDC32A" type="DOI">10.21307/jofnem-2022-002</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F1CEAD9220306ED27BDF8BA5B6C8D288" type="GBIF-Dataset">c2d976d2-3b31-4091-802d-c11347478fda</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BCC5592B0E8FBB2C4AB3578462477A90" type="ISSN">2640-396X</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="143D20BE6BAC080D062F58789C73EDCA" type="Zenodo-Dep">11644649</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03E987A7FFF3FFA5DBF2FD5EFAC58C13" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12191510" ID-GBIF-Taxon="233242938" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12191510" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E987A7FFF3FFA5DBF2FD5EFAC58C13" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E987A7FFF3FFA5DBF2FD5EFAC58C13" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A653AFFF3FFA5DBF2FD5EFD728AD9" box="[151,763,669,699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36B1FFF3FFA5DBF2FD5EFD728AD9" blockId="2.[151,763,669,699]" box="[151,763,669,699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<heading id="D0B781DDFFF3FFA5DBF2FD5EFD728AD9" box="[151,763,669,699]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5DBF2FD5EFD728AD9" bold="true" box="[151,763,669,699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Root-knot nematodes (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5DA8FFD5EFD238AD9" ID-CoL="87HBK" authority="Goeldi, 1887" box="[490,682,669,699]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Meloidogyne</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A653AFFF3FFA5DBF2FD1BFAC58C13" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36B1FFF3FFA5DBF2FD1BFA898BF3" blockId="2.[151,766,728,1137]" lastBlockId="2.[807,1424,184,1137]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Parasitism of hemp by species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5D950FD1BFD4C8A93" box="[565,709,728,753]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5D950FD1BFD4C8A93" box="[565,709,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Meloidogyne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the root-knot nematodes (RKN), is well-established, although based on just a handful of papers. The Web of Science and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE74FFF3FFA5DA36FCFBFE078B33" box="[339,398,824,849]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zvf2-zx2b" name="CABI Genetic Resource Collection" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">CABI</collectionCode>
|
||
databases contain 40,355 and 29,679 records, respectively, of root-knot nematode publications as of
|
||
<date id="FFFE1071FFF3FFA5DA15FCBBFDA48BF3" box="[368,557,888,913]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2021-08-16">16 August 2021</date>
|
||
, but only 20 deal with specific root-knot nematodes on hemp (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A34FFF3FFA5D9D5FC5BFD668BD3" box="[688,751,920,945]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[311,382,1849,1874]" captionTargetBox="[230,1343,1215,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-464@2.[229,1343,1214,1820]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1: Time chart of primary literature reporting root-knot nematode-Cannabis sativa associations. Mh, Meloidogyne hapla; Mi, M. incognita; Mj, M. javanica." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11644651" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11644651/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Of the many described species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5D906FC7BFD7F8BB3" box="[611,758,952,977]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5D906FC7BFD7F8BB3" box="[611,758,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Meloidogyne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, five have been examined at least cursorily for their ability to reproduce on hemp:
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5D943FC3BFE848C53" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5D943FC3BFD408C73" authorityName="Golden, O’Bannon, Santo & Finley" authorityYear="1980" box="[550,713,1016,1041]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="chitwoodi">M. chitwoodi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5D9BAFC3BFE848C53" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="enterolobii">M. enterolobii</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5DA45FBDBFE018C53" authorityName="Chitwood" authorityYear="1949" box="[288,392,1048,1073]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hapla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5DA45FBDBFE018C53" box="[288,392,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. hapla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5DAFEFBDBFDA78C53" box="[411,558,1048,1073]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="incognita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5DAFEFBDBFDA78C53" box="[411,558,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. incognita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5D914FBDBFD7F8C53" authorityName="Chitwood" authorityYear="1949" baseAuthorityName="Treub" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[625,758,1048,1073]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="javanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5D914FBDBFD7F8C53" box="[625,758,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. javanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. All are cosmopolitan except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5D961FBFBFD288C33" authorityName="Golden, O’Bannon, Santo & Finley" authorityYear="1980" box="[516,673,1080,1105]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="chitwoodi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5D961FBFBFD288C33" box="[516,673,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. chitwoodi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which nevertheless is widespread in North America and Europe. Many other economically significant root-knot species still must be checked to determine if they can parasitize hemp. Early reports (pre-1949) of root-knot nematodes identified them as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5DF13FEDBFAC68953" authorityName="Marcinowski" authorityYear="1909" baseAuthorityName="Cornu" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1142,1359,280,305]" class="Chromadorea" family="Heteroderidae" genus="Heterodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="marioni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5DF13FEDBFAC68953" box="[1142,1359,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Heterodera marioni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5D842FEFBFC318933" box="[807,952,312,337]" class="Chromadorea" family="Heteroderidae" genus="Heterodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="radicicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5D842FEFBFC318933" box="[807,952,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">H. radicicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, taxa that included all root-knot nematodes.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B40FFF3FFA5D812FE9BFB938913" author="Passon, M." box="[887,1050,344,369]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="86 - 140" refId="ref14107" refString="Passon, M. 1909. Directora de Agricultura, Instituto Agronomico, RelaCAo. Boletim de Agricultura. Sao Paulo 10: 86 - 140; (Heterodera radicicola p. 139)." type="journal article" year="1909">Passon (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5DFEAFE9BFA978913" box="[1167,1310,344,369]" class="Chromadorea" family="Heteroderidae" genus="Heterodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="radicicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5DFEAFE9BFA978913" box="[1167,1310,344,369]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">H. radicicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on hemp in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577621FFF3FFA5D82BFEBBFC1989F3" box="[846,912,376,401]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but the particular nematode species is unknowable.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B40FFF3FFA5D8DBFE5BFB1B89D3" author="Buhrer, E. A. & Cooper, C. & Steiner, G." box="[958,1170,408,433]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="64 - 96" refId="ref9923" refString="Buhrer, E. A., Cooper, C. and Steiner, G. 1933. A list of plants attacked by the root knot nematode, (Heterodera marioni). Plant Disease Reporter 17: 64 - 96." type="journal article" year="1933">Buhrer et al. (1933)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5DFBFFE5BFA0489D3" box="[1242,1421,408,433]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Cannabis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5DFBFFE5BFA0489D3" box="[1242,1421,408,433]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Cannabis sativa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a host of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5D8A4FE7BFB1689B3" authorityName="Marcinowski" authorityYear="1909" baseAuthorityName="Cornu" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[961,1183,440,465]" class="Chromadorea" family="Heteroderidae" genus="Heterodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="marioni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5D8A4FE7BFB1689B3" box="[961,1183,440,465]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Heterodera marioni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but did not cite the source of that record. The first definitive
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577621FFF3FFA5DF96FE1BFAAA8993" box="[1267,1315,472,497]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
report of root-knot nematode (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5DF20FE3BFB5F8A73" box="[1093,1238,504,529]" class="Chromadorea" family="Heteroderidae" genus="Heterodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="radicicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5DF20FE3BFB5F8A73" box="[1093,1238,504,529]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">H. radicicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on hemp was that by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B40FFF3FFA5D8E4FDDBFB128A53" author="Whittle, W. O. & Drain, B. D." box="[897,1179,536,561]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref16393" refString="Whittle, W. O. and Drain, B. D. 1935. The root-knot nematode in Tennessee. Its prevalence and suggestions for control. University of Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station Circular No. 54." type="book" year="1935">Whittle and Drain (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who listed hemp as slightly infested.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B40FFF3FFA5D881FDFBFB1B8A33" author="Mateeva, A." box="[996,1170,568,593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="178 - 82" refId="ref13061" refString="Mateeva, A. 1995. Use of unfriendly plants against root-knot nematodes. Acta Horticulturae, Issue 382: 178 - 82." type="journal article" year="1995">Mateeva (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported hemp to be resistant to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5D8D6FD9BFBF68A13" box="[947,1151,600,625]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="spp">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5D8D6FD9BFBCC8A13" box="[947,1093,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Meloidogyne</emphasis>
|
||
spp
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. relative to tomato and cucumber but did not indicate a particular nematode species nor the hemp source. The susceptibility of plants to root-knot nematodes and other parasitic nematodes, especially in controlled greenhouse studies, is often calculated as Rf = Pf/Pi, where Rf is the reproductive factor, Pf is the final number of nematodes or eggs, and Pi is the initial inoculum. However, very few papers have reported Rf values or provided enough information to calculate this value.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF36B1FFF3FFA5D828FC5BFAC58C13" blockId="2.[807,1424,184,1137]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Galls induced on hemp roots by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5DE70FC5BFA0F8BD3" authorityName="Chitwood" authorityYear="1949" box="[1301,1414,920,945]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hapla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5DE70FC5BFA0F8BD3" box="[1301,1414,920,945]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. hapla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5D842FC7BFC308BB3" box="[807,953,952,977]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="incognita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5D842FC7BFC308BB3" box="[807,953,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. incognita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5D89FFC7BFBF68BB3" authorityName="Chitwood" authorityYear="1949" baseAuthorityName="Treub" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1018,1151,952,977]" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="javanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5D89FFC7BFBF68BB3" box="[1018,1151,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. javanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are small, whitish and hard (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A34FFF3FFA5D80EFC1BFC278B93" box="[875,942,984,1009]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[326,397,739,764]" captionTargetBox="[354,1247,186,709]" captionTargetId="figure-428@3.[353,1249,184,710]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2: Galling of Meloidogyne incognita on Cannabis sativa ‘Cherry’, Pi = 10,000 eggs. (A) Entire root system. (B) Closeup of small, white galls. Scale = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11644653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11644653/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), not exceeding about
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B54FFF3FFA5DFD8FC1BFA8B8B93" box="[1213,1282,984,1009]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B40FFF3FFA5D84AFC3BFB948C73" author="Kotcon, J. & Wheeler, K. & Cline, R. H. & Carter, S." box="[815,1053,1016,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref12482" refString="Kotcon, J., Wheeler, K., Cline, R. H. and Carter, S. 2018. Susceptibility and yield loss relationships of Meloidogyne hapla and M. incognita infecting Cannabis sativa. Journal of Nematology 50: 644." type="journal volume" year="2018">Kotcon et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B40FFF3FFA5DF4BFC3BFA058C73" author="Coburn, J. & Desaeger, J." box="[1070,1420,1016,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref10309" refString="Coburn, J. and Desaeger, J. 2019. Host status and susceptibility of different hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivars for root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica). Journal of Nematology 51: 6." type="journal volume" year="2019">Coburn and Desaeger, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B40FFF3FFA5D842FBDBFBFB8C53" author="Bernard, E. C. & Chaffin, A. G." box="[807,1138,1048,1073]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref9816" refString="Bernard, E. C. and Chaffin, A. G. 2020. Hemp cultivar susceptibility to the southern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Journal of Nematology 52: 1 - 2." type="journal article" year="2020">Bernard and Chaffin, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Both small and large galls on hemp were formed by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D32FFF3FFA5DFCFFBFBFC248C13" authority="(Ren et al., 2020)" baseAuthorityName="Ren" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Chromadorea" family="Meloidogynidae" genus="Meloidogyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="enterolobii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EAA3FFF3FFA5DFCFFBFBFAC58C33" box="[1194,1356,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. enterolobii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B40FFF3FFA5DE3BFBFBFC2E8C13" author="Ren, Z. & Chen, X. & Luan, M. & Guo, B. & Song, Z." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref14417" refString="Ren, Z., Chen, X., Luan, M., Guo, B. and Song, Z. 2020. First report of Meloidogyne enterolobii on industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa) in China. Plant Disease 105: 230." type="journal volume" year="2020">Ren et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but gall dimensions were not given.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |