treatments-xml/data/03/E9/87/03E9879EA104EE1FFF22AC7CFEBFF896.xml

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<mods:title id="AAFC03960A995758ED6EE86F0A0CCBD1">Three new species Willowsia (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from China and notes on W. japonica</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CD231AAAC481A3535D56AD28A49887CD">Zhou, Rong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B3E90AE812E79D67956DF04D07EFE3F3">School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226000, P. R. China. zhourong @ ntu. edu. cn https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6908 - 472 x; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8660 - 0503</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D37B1B7C7CBB47356245EA4BD506BFB0">Pan, Zhixiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A41AEFB5007E0C321F8C01027B4BB619">School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province 318000, P. R. China. pzx 1118 @ hotmail. com https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3507 - 9639</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="956BAEB4B9DFE38B89F52431E2E012B6">Ma, Yitong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8AC349BECDC73EA0509580066B54FAC1">School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226000, P. R. China. zhourong @ ntu. edu. cn https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6908 - 472 x; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8660 - 0503</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03E9879EA104EE1FFF22AC7CFEBFF896" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5099634" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183411473" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5099634" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E9879EA104EE1FFF22AC7CFEBFF896" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E9879EA104EE1FFF22AC7CFEBFF896" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">
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<heading id="D0B781E4A104EE1DFF22AC7CFDB0F8D0" bold="true" box="[151,524,1889,1916]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA104EE1DFF22AC7CFDB0F8D0" bold="true" box="[151,524,1889,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName id="4C404D0BA104EE1DFF22AC7CFE1BF8D7" authority="Zhou &amp; Pan &amp; Ma, 2021" authorityName="Zhou &amp; Pan &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,423,1889,1916]" class="Entognatha" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Willowsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA104EE1DFF22AC7CFE1BF8D7" bold="true" box="[151,423,1889,1916]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Willowsia hainanensis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BFF3688A104EE1DFF22AC98FECBF834" blockId="9.[151,524,1889,1952]" box="[151,375,1925,1952]" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA104EE1DFF22AC98FEA5F80B" box="[151,281,1925,1952]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 50−51" captionStart-1="FIGURES 52−61" captionStart-2="FIGURES 62−66" captionStart-3="FIGURES 67−72" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,906,930]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1541,1565]" captionStartId-2="12.[151,264,1965,1989]" captionStartId-3="14.[151,264,959,983]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1426,423,854]" captionTargetBox-1="[221,1373,190,1476]" captionTargetBox-2="[183,1400,221,1910]" captionTargetBox-3="[174,1407,209,913]" captionTargetId-0="figure-126@10.[151,1436,417,883]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@11.[151,1436,181,1517]" captionTargetId-2="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1941]" captionTargetId-3="figure-27@14.[151,1436,181,935]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionTargetPageId-3="14" captionText-0="FIGURES 50−51. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 50, habitus; 51, scales. Scale bars: 50 = 500μm; 51 = 20μm." captionText-1="FIGURES 52−61. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 52, scale; 53, apex of Ant. IV; 54, distal part of Ant. III; 55, distal part of Ant. II; 56, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 57, eyes and interocular chaetae; 58, labrum. 59, lateral process of labial palp; 60, maxillary outer lobe; 61, labium. Scale bars: 52−61 = 20μm." captionText-2="FIGURES 62−66. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 62, chaetotaxy of Th. II−III; 63, trochanteral organ; 64, foot complex; 65, chaetotaxy of Abd. I−III; 66, chaetotaxy of Abd. IV. Scale bars: 62, 65 &amp; 66 = 100μm; 63 &amp; 64 = 20μm." captionText-3="FIGURES 67−72. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 67, anterior face of ventral tube; 68, posterior face of ventral tube; 69, lateral flap of ventral tube; 70, manubrial plaque; 71, ventro-apical part of manubrium; 72, distal part of dens and mucro. Scale bars: 67−72 = 20μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098799" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098801" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098807" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098813" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5098799/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5098801/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5098807/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5098813/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Figs 50−72</figureCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="C6C20333A104EE1DFE91AC98FECBF834" box="[292,375,1925,1951]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="13.[151,239,708,734]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison between the three new species and all species cited in this article." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3F6600A100EE19FF22A9D9FBEFFD75" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" tableUuid="DF3F6600A100EE19FF22A9D9FBEFFD75">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF3688A104EE1EFF22ACD0FBDAFF7E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1997,2024]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA104EE1DFF22ACD0FF58F84C" bold="true" box="[151,228,1997,2023]" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Types.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B283CD5A104EE1EFF5EACD0FA25FF1A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3320085304" country="China" county="Wanning City" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="83" latitude="18.96889" location="Lizhikan Villege" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="110.48222" municipality="Shangen Town" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54FB882AA104EE1DFF5EACD0FEE4F84C" box="[235,344,1997,2023]" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: adult female on slide, 
<collectingCountry id="F3577618A104EE1DFDEBACD0FD18F84C" box="[606,676,1997,2023]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">China</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="4984F86AA104EE1DFD05ACD0FCD3F84C" box="[688,879,1997,2023]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="629E4E04A104EE1DFCCFACD0FBA4F84C" box="[890,1048,1997,2023]" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Wanning City</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9BACF2A104EE1DFB91ACD0FB72F843" box="[1060,1230,1997,2024]" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Shangen Town</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8E9F6053A104EE1DFB6FACD0FA25F84C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E9879EA104EE1FFF22AC7CFEBFF896:8E9F6053A104EE1DFB6FACD0FA25F84C" box="[1242,1433,1997,2023]" country="China" county="Wanning City" latitude="18.96889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="110.48222" municipality="Shangen Town" name="Lizhikan Villege" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" stateProvince="Hainan">Lizhikan Villege</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE74504FA107EE1EFF22AB85FEAAFF1A" box="[151,278,151,179]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="83" precision="15" seconds="8" value="18.96889">18°58′8″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE74504FA107EE1EFE95AB85FE0AFF1A" box="[288,438,151,179]" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="83" precision="15" seconds="56" value="110.48222">110°28′56″ E</geoCoordinate>
, 11, March, 2011, collection number: 1123, by Xingna Wang with entomological aspirator
</materialsCitation>
. 
<typeStatus id="54FB882AA107EE1EFF22ABA6FEB4FF7E" box="[151,264,187,213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: Three adult females on slides, same data as holotype. All deposited in NTU.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF3688A107EE1EFF72ABC3FDAFFEEA" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA107EE1EFF72ABC3FEE5FF53" bold="true" box="[199,345,222,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Description.</emphasis>
Body length up to 
<quantity id="4CB89B6DA107EE1EFD9CABC3FD32FF52" box="[553,654,222,249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="10" pageNumber="83" unit="mm" value="1.85">1.85 mm</quantity>
, 
<typeStatus id="54FB882AA107EE1EFD2DABC2FD46FF52" box="[664,762,223,249]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<quantity id="4CB89B6DA107EE1EFD4AABC3FCD9FF52" box="[767,869,222,249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="10" pageNumber="83" unit="mm" value="1.85">1.85 mm</quantity>
. Ground colour pale yellow in alcohol. Eye patches dark blue. A light blue pigment present on Ant. I−IV, lateral of Th. III and Abd. IV, distal part of hind femur and posterior part of Abd. V (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFE07AA3AFDBAFEEA" box="[434,518,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 50−51" captionStartId="10.[151,264,906,930]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,423,854]" captionTargetId="figure-126@10.[151,1436,417,883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 50−51. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 50, habitus; 51, scales. Scale bars: 50 = 500μm; 51 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098799/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF3688A107EE1EFF72AA56FF78FE22" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">
Scales. Scales long basal rib 
<typeStatus id="54FB882AA107EE1EFDBFAA56FD81FECE" box="[522,573,331,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">type</typeStatus>
, present on Ant. I−II, head, terga, legs, ventral side of manubrium (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFA9EAA56FA3CFECE" box="[1323,1408,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 50−51" captionStartId="10.[151,264,906,930]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,423,854]" captionTargetId="figure-126@10.[151,1436,417,883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 50−51. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 50, habitus; 51, scales. Scale bars: 50 = 500μm; 51 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098799/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Figs 51</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFF22AA73FF0BFE22" box="[151,183,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 52−61" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,190,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[151,1436,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 52−61. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 52, scale; 53, apex of Ant. IV; 54, distal part of Ant. III; 55, distal part of Ant. II; 56, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 57, eyes and interocular chaetae; 58, labrum. 59, lateral process of labial palp; 60, maxillary outer lobe; 61, labium. Scale bars: 52−61 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098801/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">52</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFF3688A107EE1EFF22A897FB40FC09" blockId="10.[151,1276,906,930]" box="[151,1276,906,930]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA107EE1EFF22A897FEEAFC09" bold="true" box="[151,342,906,930]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">FIGURES 50−51.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C404D0BA107EE1EFEE9A897FD83FC09" authority="Zhou &amp; Pan &amp; Ma, 2021" authorityName="Zhou &amp; Pan &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2021" box="[348,575,906,930]" class="Entognatha" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Willowsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="10" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA107EE1EFEE9A897FD83FC09" box="[348,575,906,930]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Willowsia hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA107EE1EFDF3A897FD2AFC09" bold="true" box="[582,662,906,930]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757E1A107EE1EFDF3A897FD2AFC09" box="[582,662,906,930]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
50, habitus; 51, scales. Scale bars: 50 = 500μm; 51 = 20μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFF3688A107EE1EFF72A8CDFC10FAA0" blockId="10.[151,1437,976,1903]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">
Head. Antennae 0.38−0.43 times as long as body. Antennal segments ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 2.13−2.43: 1.63−2.00: 2.25−2.50. Distal part of Ant. IV with many smooth sensory chaetae, normal ciliate chaetae and a bilobed apical bulb (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFECBAF05FE6EFB98" box="[382,466,1048,1075]" captionStart="FIGURES 52−61" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,190,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[151,1436,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 52−61. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 52, scale; 53, apex of Ant. IV; 54, distal part of Ant. III; 55, distal part of Ant. II; 56, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 57, eyes and interocular chaetae; 58, labrum. 59, lateral process of labial palp; 60, maxillary outer lobe; 61, labium. Scale bars: 52−61 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098801/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
). Sensory organ of Ant. III as 2 rods (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFCCEAF05FC6CFB98" box="[891,976,1048,1075]" captionStart="FIGURES 52−61" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,190,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[151,1436,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 52−61. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 52, scale; 53, apex of Ant. IV; 54, distal part of Ant. III; 55, distal part of Ant. II; 56, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 57, eyes and interocular chaetae; 58, labrum. 59, lateral process of labial palp; 60, maxillary outer lobe; 61, labium. Scale bars: 52−61 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098801/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
). Sensory organ of Ant. II as 1 rods (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFADAAF05FF0BFBFC" captionStart="FIGURES 52−61" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,190,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[151,1436,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 52−61. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 52, scale; 53, apex of Ant. IV; 54, distal part of Ant. III; 55, distal part of Ant. II; 56, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 57, eyes and interocular chaetae; 58, labrum. 59, lateral process of labial palp; 60, maxillary outer lobe; 61, labium. Scale bars: 52−61 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098801/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
). Dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy as 4 antennal (An), 3 median (M) and 5 sutural (S) mac. Ps2 absent. Interocular mes as p, q, r, s, t. Eyes 8+8, G and H smaller (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFD2AAF7DFC8AFBD0" box="[671,822,1120,1147]" captionStart="FIGURES 52−61" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,190,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[151,1436,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 52−61. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 52, scale; 53, apex of Ant. IV; 54, distal part of Ant. III; 55, distal part of Ant. II; 56, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 57, eyes and interocular chaetae; 58, labrum. 59, lateral process of labial palp; 60, maxillary outer lobe; 61, labium. Scale bars: 52−61 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098801/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Figs 56 &amp; 57</figureCitation>
). Labral setae as 4/5, 5, 4, all slender; prelabral chaetae ciliate, other smooth, labral papillae not clearly seen, maybe each papilla with one minute denticle (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFB52AF99FA86FB34" box="[1255,1338,1156,1183]" captionStart="FIGURES 52−61" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,190,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[151,1436,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 52−61. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 52, scale; 53, apex of Ant. IV; 54, distal part of Ant. III; 55, distal part of Ant. II; 56, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 57, eyes and interocular chaetae; 58, labrum. 59, lateral process of labial palp; 60, maxillary outer lobe; 61, labium. Scale bars: 52−61 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098801/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
). Lateral process of labial palp slightly curved, with tip almost reaching apex of labial papilla (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFBC4AFB5FB74FB68" box="[1137,1224,1192,1219]" captionStart="FIGURES 52−61" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,190,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[151,1436,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 52−61. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 52, scale; 53, apex of Ant. IV; 54, distal part of Ant. III; 55, distal part of Ant. II; 56, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 57, eyes and interocular chaetae; 58, labrum. 59, lateral process of labial palp; 60, maxillary outer lobe; 61, labium. Scale bars: 52−61 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098801/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
). Subapical chaeta of maxillary outer lobe thin, subequal to apical one; 3 smooth hairs on sublobal plate (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFBC1AFD1FB76FB4C" box="[1140,1226,1228,1255]" captionStart="FIGURES 52−61" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,190,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[151,1436,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 52−61. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 52, scale; 53, apex of Ant. IV; 54, distal part of Ant. III; 55, distal part of Ant. II; 56, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 57, eyes and interocular chaetae; 58, labrum. 59, lateral process of labial palp; 60, maxillary outer lobe; 61, labium. Scale bars: 52−61 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098801/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
). Labial triangular chaetae as MREL 
<subScript id="17C434CDA107EE1EFEEBAE1EFEDAFABA" attach="both" box="[350,358,1283,1297]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">1</subScript>
L 
<subScript id="17C434CDA107EE1EFEC2AE1EFEC3FABA" attach="left" box="[375,383,1283,1297]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">2</subScript>
, all ciliate and R 0.46−0.52 length of M (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFCF9AFEDFC23FAA0" box="[844,927,1264,1291]" captionStart="FIGURES 52−61" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,190,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[151,1436,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 52−61. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 52, scale; 53, apex of Ant. IV; 54, distal part of Ant. III; 55, distal part of Ant. II; 56, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 57, eyes and interocular chaetae; 58, labrum. 59, lateral process of labial palp; 60, maxillary outer lobe; 61, labium. Scale bars: 52−61 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098801/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF3688A107EE1EFF72AE09FD51FA14" blockId="10.[151,1437,976,1903]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">
Thorax. Th. II with 3 (m4, a5, m5) mac on T2 area, 4 posterior mac, 2 sens on each side. Th. III with 9 (m5 rarely absent) mac, 2 sens on each side (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFDA0AE25FDD5FAF8" box="[533,617,1336,1363]" captionStart="FIGURES 62−66" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[183,1400,221,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1941]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 62−66. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 62, chaetotaxy of Th. II−III; 63, trochanteral organ; 64, foot complex; 65, chaetotaxy of Abd. I−III; 66, chaetotaxy of Abd. IV. Scale bars: 62, 65 &amp; 66 = 100μm; 63 &amp; 64 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098807/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
). Trochanteral organ with 39−40 smooth spiny chaetae (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFB56AE25FA8BFAF8" box="[1251,1335,1336,1363]" captionStart="FIGURES 62−66" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[183,1400,221,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1941]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 62−66. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 62, chaetotaxy of Th. II−III; 63, trochanteral organ; 64, foot complex; 65, chaetotaxy of Abd. I−III; 66, chaetotaxy of Abd. IV. Scale bars: 62, 65 &amp; 66 = 100μm; 63 &amp; 64 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098807/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
). Unguis with 4 inner teeth, one pair located 0.41−0.44 from base of inner edge of unguis, distal unpaired two respectively at 0.68−0.74 and 0.90−0.92 distance from base. Unguiculus acuminate and outer edge serrate. Tenent hair thick with clavate tip, longer than inner side of unguis (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFD39AEB9FD5CFA14" box="[652,736,1444,1471]" captionStart="FIGURES 62−66" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[183,1400,221,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1941]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 62−66. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 62, chaetotaxy of Th. II−III; 63, trochanteral organ; 64, foot complex; 65, chaetotaxy of Abd. I−III; 66, chaetotaxy of Abd. IV. Scale bars: 62, 65 &amp; 66 = 100μm; 63 &amp; 64 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098807/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF3688A107EE1EFF72AED5FEFDF88C" blockId="10.[151,1437,976,1903]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">
Abdomen. Abd. IV 3.38−3.88 times as long as Abd. III along dorsal midline. Abd. I with 2 (m3, m4) mac, 1 ms and 1 sens, ms inner to sens. Abd. II with 1 (a2) mac on A1 area, 2 (m3, m3e) mac on A2 area, 1 (m5) lateral mac and 2 sens. Abd. III with 1−2 (a2, a3 sometimes present) mac on A4 area, 1 (m3) mac on A5 area, 3 (am6, pm6, p6) lateral mac, 1 ms and 2 sens. Abd. IV with 7 central and 15−17 lateral mac. Accessory mic of bothriotrichal complexes of Abd. II−IV unmodified (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFDF1AD45FD74F9D8" box="[580,712,1624,1651]" captionStart="FIGURES 62−66" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[183,1400,221,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1941]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 62−66. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 62, chaetotaxy of Th. II−III; 63, trochanteral organ; 64, foot complex; 65, chaetotaxy of Abd. I−III; 66, chaetotaxy of Abd. IV. Scale bars: 62, 65 &amp; 66 = 100μm; 63 &amp; 64 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098807/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Figs 65−66</figureCitation>
). Ventral tube anteriorly with 12 ciliate chaetae on each side, 3 of them much larger than others (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFE46AD61FDFBF93C" box="[499,583,1660,1687]" captionStart="FIGURES 67−72" captionStartId="14.[151,264,959,983]" captionTargetBox="[174,1407,209,913]" captionTargetId="figure-27@14.[151,1436,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 67−72. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 67, anterior face of ventral tube; 68, posterior face of ventral tube; 69, lateral flap of ventral tube; 70, manubrial plaque; 71, ventro-apical part of manubrium; 72, distal part of dens and mucro. Scale bars: 67−72 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098813/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
), posteriorly with 2 apical smooth chaetae and 8 ciliate chaetae of different sizes (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFF69ADBDFE93F910" box="[220,303,1696,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 67−72" captionStartId="14.[151,264,959,983]" captionTargetBox="[174,1407,209,913]" captionTargetId="figure-27@14.[151,1436,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 67−72. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 67, anterior face of ventral tube; 68, posterior face of ventral tube; 69, lateral flap of ventral tube; 70, manubrial plaque; 71, ventro-apical part of manubrium; 72, distal part of dens and mucro. Scale bars: 67−72 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098813/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
), laterally with 4−5 smooth and 4−7 ciliate chaetae (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFCC2ADBDFC77F910" box="[887,971,1696,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 67−72" captionStartId="14.[151,264,959,983]" captionTargetBox="[174,1407,209,913]" captionTargetId="figure-27@14.[151,1436,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 67−72. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 67, anterior face of ventral tube; 68, posterior face of ventral tube; 69, lateral flap of ventral tube; 70, manubrial plaque; 71, ventro-apical part of manubrium; 72, distal part of dens and mucro. Scale bars: 67−72 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098813/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
). Manubrial plaque dorsally with 4 ciliate chaetae and 2 pseudopores (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFE65ADD9FD9FF974" box="[464,547,1732,1759]" captionStart="FIGURES 67−72" captionStartId="14.[151,264,959,983]" captionTargetBox="[174,1407,209,913]" captionTargetId="figure-27@14.[151,1436,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 67−72. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 67, anterior face of ventral tube; 68, posterior face of ventral tube; 69, lateral flap of ventral tube; 70, manubrial plaque; 71, ventro-apical part of manubrium; 72, distal part of dens and mucro. Scale bars: 67−72 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098813/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 70</figureCitation>
), ventrally with 10−11 ciliate chaetae on each side (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFBD0ADD9FB04F974" box="[1125,1208,1732,1759]" captionStart="FIGURES 67−72" captionStartId="14.[151,264,959,983]" captionTargetBox="[174,1407,209,913]" captionTargetId="figure-27@14.[151,1436,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 67−72. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 67, anterior face of ventral tube; 68, posterior face of ventral tube; 69, lateral flap of ventral tube; 70, manubrial plaque; 71, ventro-apical part of manubrium; 72, distal part of dens and mucro. Scale bars: 67−72 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098813/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 71</figureCitation>
). Uncrenulated dens 1.32−1.38 times as mucro in length. Mucro bidentate, two teeth subequal and tip of basal spine reaching subapical tooth (
<figureCitation id="137B2A0DA107EE1EFF55AC11FE88F88C" box="[224,308,1804,1831]" captionStart="FIGURES 67−72" captionStartId="14.[151,264,959,983]" captionTargetBox="[174,1407,209,913]" captionTargetId="figure-27@14.[151,1436,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 67−72. Willowsia hainanensis sp. nov. 67, anterior face of ventral tube; 68, posterior face of ventral tube; 69, lateral flap of ventral tube; 70, manubrial plaque; 71, ventro-apical part of manubrium; 72, distal part of dens and mucro. Scale bars: 67−72 = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098813/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A6503A107EE1EFF72AC2CFD91F8E1" box="[199,557,1840,1867]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BFF3688A107EE1EFF72AC2CFD91F8E1" blockId="10.[151,1437,976,1903]" box="[199,557,1840,1867]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA107EE1EFF72AC2CFE90F8E0" bold="true" box="[199,300,1841,1867]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Ecology.</emphasis>
In rotten straw of rice.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A6503A107EE1EFF72AC48FC92F8C5" box="[199,814,1876,1903]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFF3688A107EE1EFF72AC48FC92F8C5" blockId="10.[151,1437,976,1903]" box="[199,814,1876,1903]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA107EE1EFF72AC48FEF2F8C4" bold="true" box="[199,334,1877,1903]" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after its locality: 
<collectingRegion id="4984F86AA107EE1EFDDEAC49FC96F8C5" box="[619,810,1876,1902]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="10" pageNumber="83">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3F6600A106EE1FFF22AD18FD2AF9CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098801" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5098801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5098801/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="84" startId="11.[151,264,1541,1565]" targetBox="[221,1373,190,1476]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BFF3688A106EE1FFF22AD18FD2AF9CE" blockId="11.[151,1437,1541,1637]" pageId="11" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA106EE1FFF22AD18FEE9F9B6" bold="true" box="[151,341,1541,1565]" pageId="11" pageNumber="84">FIGURES 52−61.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C404D0BA106EE1FFEEFAD18FD81F9B6" authority="Zhou &amp; Pan &amp; Ma, 2021" authorityName="Zhou &amp; Pan &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2021" box="[346,573,1541,1565]" class="Entognatha" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Willowsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="11" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA106EE1FFEEFAD18FD81F9B6" box="[346,573,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="84">Willowsia hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA106EE1FFDF6AD18FD2EF9B6" bold="true" box="[579,658,1541,1565]" pageId="11" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757E1A106EE1FFDF6AD18FD2EF9B6" box="[579,658,1541,1565]" pageId="11" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
52, scale; 53, apex of Ant. IV; 54, distal part of Ant. III; 55, distal part of Ant. II; 56, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 57, eyes and interocular chaetae; 58, labrum. 59, lateral process of labial palp; 60, maxillary outer lobe; 61, labium. Scale bars: 52 
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA106EE1FFDA7AD50FD9CF9CE" bold="true" box="[530,544,1613,1637]" pageId="11" pageNumber="84">−</emphasis>
61 = 20μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35A6503A106EE1FFF72AD8EFEBFF896" pageId="11" pageNumber="84" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFF3688A106EE1FFF72AD8EFC5EF906" blockId="11.[151,1436,1683,1853]" box="[199,994,1683,1710]" pageId="11" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA106EE1FFF72AD8EFE87F906" bold="true" box="[199,315,1683,1709]" pageId="11" pageNumber="84">Remarks.</emphasis>
The new species is more similar to another Chinese species,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF3688A106EE1FFF72ADA5FEBFF896" blockId="11.[151,1436,1683,1853]" pageId="11" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="4C404D0BA106EE1FFF72ADA5FD75F97A" authority="Zhang, Xu &amp; Chen, 2007" authorityName="Zhang, Xu &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2007" box="[199,713,1719,1746]" class="Entognatha" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Willowsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="11" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangdongensis">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA106EE1FFF72ADA5FE1DF97A" box="[199,417,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="84">W. guangdongensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B79A106EE1FFE1CADAAFD75F97A" author="Zhang, F. &amp; Xu, G. L. &amp; Chen, J. X." box="[425,713,1719,1746]" pageId="11" pageNumber="84" pagination="63 - 68" refId="ref7850" refString="Zhang, F., Xu, G. L. &amp; Chen, J. X. (2007) A new species of Willowsia (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from South China. Zootaxa, 1645, 63 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1645.1.6" type="journal article" year="2007">
Zhang, Xu &amp; Chen, 
<quantity id="4CB89B6DA106EE1FFD24ADAAFD75F97A" box="[657,713,1719,1745]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.097779999999999" pageId="11" pageNumber="84" unit="in" value="2007.0">2007</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in sculpture of scale, few body mac, but it can be distinguished from the latter by colour pattern, chaetotaxy on Th. II, prelabral chaetae and other characters. It is somewhat similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C404D0BA106EE1FFF03AC1DFDF4F8B2" authority="(Lubbock, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Lubbock" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[182,584,1791,1817]" class="Entognatha" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Willowsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="11" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigromaculata">
<emphasis id="B934EA9AA106EE1FFF03AC1DFE3CF8B2" box="[182,384,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="84">W. nigromaculata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B79A106EE1FFE24ADE2FD83F8B2" author="Lubbock, J." box="[401,575,1791,1817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="84" refId="ref7262" refString="Lubbock, J. (1873) Monograph of the Collembola and Thysanura. Ray Society," type="book" year="1873">Lubbock, 1873</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in sculpture of scale, but their colour pattern and chaetotaxy are different (
<tableCitation id="C6C20333A106EE1FFF2AAC3EFF4EF896" box="[159,242,1827,1853]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="13.[151,239,708,734]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison between the three new species and all species cited in this article." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3F6600A100EE19FF22A9D9FBEFFD75" pageId="11" pageNumber="84" tableUuid="DF3F6600A100EE19FF22A9D9FBEFFD75">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>