261 lines
32 KiB
XML
261 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="A570FAB58C9244631341E6CDC04D358F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3676640" ID-GBIF-Dataset="33b3b569-c80d-4a03-9bc3-aa651fa1578a" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3676640" ID-ZooBank="37A2F301-0637-41B1-8CE7-A17A54564AF9" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1582199722738" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Schnepp, Kyle E." docDate="2019" docId="03E98787FFF20A33FF53C261FA82F848" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0742.1-6.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 742 (742)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Phyllophaga sociata" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="2" masterDocId="FFD0FFFFFFF10A30FF93C634FFA8FFD3" masterDocTitle="Three new synonymies in Phyllophaga Harris, 1827 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), with lectotype and neotype designations" masterLastPageNumber="6" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1698720329174" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="A9941269CB1E13E3640C5358206244B0">Three new synonymies in Phyllophaga Harris, 1827 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), with lectotype and neotype designations</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A12B5FC55EFB1C855A202E80C0F4D00A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F16F792E603E7F00C15A3343085D1D5E">Schnepp, Kyle E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2F60BFB60C83FCB3DF04061C9A2CAD76">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C5009E04352F2AA48A5D5C1F382AE059">
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<mods:date id="A4368F3998AA4D068589D161F8479F2B">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0C56DA3FA98963C3137536A0562A352E">2019-12-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AF5C43B2E7C653E563D8A2D80EB2949F">742</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="44CA0C1B9422CF4F443BD11D1C5065E2">742</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="8454C2EF22A2B2F6CE1AC525CB23B662">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5D7AFE06630CB40398953B3B4EA9A976" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3676640</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AC33B24C02FAE6F70DACB74C37C1FB28" type="GBIF-Dataset">33b3b569-c80d-4a03-9bc3-aa651fa1578a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="078CDDDFF00BF6AEBE839ECC31F70124" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AB0E3456B99BE5F23FCAEA74CE6FE0DB" type="Zenodo-Dep">3676640</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E98787FFF20A33FF53C261FA82F848" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3681511" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162233557" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3681511" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E98787FFF20A33FF53C261FA82F848" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98787FFF20A33FF53C261FA82F848" lastPageNumber="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="C35A651AFFF20A33FF53C261FD20FBBE" box="[192,648,1109,1134]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFF3691FFF20A33FF53C261FD20FBBE" blockId="3.[192,648,1109,1166]" box="[192,648,1109,1134]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="D0B781FDFFF20A33FF53C261FD20FBBE" bold="true" box="[192,648,1109,1134]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FF53C261FD20FBBE" authority="(Horn, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[192,648,1109,1134]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Phyllophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociata">
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FF53C261FD20FBBE" bold="true" box="[192,648,1109,1134]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FF53C261FE71FBBD" bold="true" box="[192,473,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Phyllophaga sociata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B60FFF20A33FE7AC261FD28FBBE" author="Horn, G. H." box="[489,640,1109,1133]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="137 - 148" refId="ref3275" refString="Horn, G. H. 1878. Revision of the species of Listrochelus of the United States. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 7: 137 - 148." type="journal article" year="1878">Horn, 1878</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35A651AFFF20A33FF53C242FE24FB5D" box="[192,396,1142,1166]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFF3691FFF20A33FF53C242FE24FB5D" blockId="3.[192,648,1109,1166]" box="[192,396,1142,1166]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<figureCitation id="137B2A14FFF20A33FF53C242FEFCFB5D" box="[192,340,1142,1166]" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="6.[192,287,1726,1748]" captionTargetBox="[369,1328,213,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[369,1328,213,1651]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 1–6. Male genitalia of Phyllophaga type specimens. 1) Phyllophaga sociata, lectotype. 2) Phyllophaga knausii, lectotype. 3) Phyllophaga rugosa, neotype. 4) Phyllophaga chippewa, holotype. 5) Phyllophaga bipartita, lectotype. 6) Phyllophaga falta, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676642/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Figures 1–2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137B2A14FFF20A33FEF3C242FE24FB5D" box="[352,396,1142,1166]" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="7.[192,287,1663,1685]" captionTargetBox="[192,1445,213,1629]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[192,1445,213,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 7–12. Specimen labels of Phyllophaga type specimens. 7) Phyllophaga sociata, lectotype. 8) Phyllophaga knausii, lectotype. 9) Phyllophaga rugosa, neotype. 10) Phyllophaga chippewa, holotype. 11) Phyllophaga bipartita, lectotype. 12) Phyllophaga falta, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676644/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">7–8</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35A651AFFF20A33FF53C295FC33FADD" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BFF3691FFF20A33FF53C295FBE1FB6B" blockId="3.[192,1346,1185,1294]" box="[192,1097,1185,1208]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5011BFFFF20A33FF53C295FBE1FB6B" box="[192,1097,1185,1208]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FF53C295FDF3FB6B" ID-CoL="3VGRC" authority="Horn 1878: 146" authorityName="Horn" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1878" box="[192,603,1185,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociatus">
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FF53C295FE00FB64" box="[192,424,1185,1207]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Listrochelus sociatus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE11080FFF20A33FE3CC296FDF3FB6B" author="Horn, G. H." box="[431,603,1186,1208]" page="146" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" year="1878">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B60FFF20A33FE3CC296FDF3FB6B" author="Horn, G. H." box="[431,603,1186,1208]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="137 - 148" refId="ref3275" refString="Horn, G. H. 1878. Revision of the species of Listrochelus of the United States. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 7: 137 - 148." type="journal article" year="1878">Horn 1878: 146</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FDF6C296FD4BFB64" bold="true" box="[613,739,1186,1207]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<typeStatus id="54FB8833FFF20A33FDF6C296FD4BFB64" box="[613,739,1186,1207]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: MCZ,
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FCA5C296FC56FB64" bold="true" box="[822,1022,1185,1207]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">here designated</emphasis>
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, male.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFF3691FFF20A33FF53C28AFD6DFB07" blockId="3.[192,1346,1185,1294]" box="[192,709,1214,1237]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5011BFFFF20A33FF53C28AFD6DFB07" box="[192,709,1214,1237]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FF53C28AFE56FB06" authority="(Horn)" baseAuthorityName="Horn" box="[192,510,1214,1237]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Phyllophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociatus">
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FF53C28AFE03FB07" box="[192,427,1214,1236]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Phyllophaga sociatus</emphasis>
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(Horn)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE11080FFF20A33FD9BC28AFD6AFB07" author="Saylor, L. W." box="[520,706,1214,1236]" page="131" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" year="1938">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B60FFF20A33FD9BC28AFD6AFB07" author="Saylor, L. W." box="[520,706,1214,1236]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="129 - 131" refId="ref3673" refString="Saylor, L. W. 1938. A new Phyllophaga from Nevada (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 40 (5): 129 - 131." type="journal article" year="1938">Saylor 1938: 131</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFF3691FFF20A33FF53C2EFFC33FADD" blockId="3.[192,1346,1185,1294]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5011BFFFF20A33FF53C2EFFC33FADD" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FF53C2EFFDDEFB22" ID-CoL="3VGQ2" authority="Schaeffer 1907: 67" authorityName="Schaeffer" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1907" box="[192,630,1243,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knausii">
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FF53C2EFFE09FB23" box="[192,417,1243,1264]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Listrochelus knausii</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE11080FFF20A33FE3BC2EFFDDEFB22" author="Schaeffer, C. F. A." box="[424,630,1243,1265]" page="67" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" year="1907">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B60FFF20A33FE3BC2EFFDDEFB22" author="Schaeffer, C. F. A." box="[424,630,1243,1265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="60 - 75" refId="ref3826" refString="Schaeffer, C. F. A. 1907. New Scarabaeidae. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 15 (2): 60 - 75." type="journal article" year="1907">Schaeffer 1907: 67</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FD13C2EFFC92FB23" bold="true" box="[640,826,1243,1264]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">New synonymy</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FCD4C2EFFC6DFB23" bold="true" box="[839,965,1243,1264]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<typeStatus id="54FB8833FFF20A33FCD4C2EFFC6DFB23" box="[839,965,1243,1264]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: USNM,
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FBBCC2EFFB57FB22" bold="true" box="[1071,1279,1243,1265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">here designated,</emphasis>
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male.
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FF53C2CCFDB5FADD" authority="(Schaeffer)" baseAuthorityName="Schaeffer" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[192,541,1272,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Phyllophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knausi">
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FF53C2CCFE34FADE" box="[192,412,1272,1293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Phyllophaga knausi</emphasis>
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(Schaeffer)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE11080FFF20A33FDB4C2CCFC3EFADD" author="Blackwelder, R. E. & R. H. Arnett, Jr." box="[551,918,1272,1294]" page="58" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" year="1974">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B60FFF20A33FDB4C2CCFC3EFADD" author="Blackwelder, R. E. & R. H. Arnett, Jr." box="[551,918,1272,1294]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" refId="ref2932" refString="Blackwelder, R. E., and R. H. Arnett, Jr. 1974. Checklist of the beetles of Canada, United States, Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. North American Beetle Fauna Project (red version). Volume 1, part 3. The scarab beetles, ant-loving beetles, clown beetles and related groups. The Biological Research Institute of America; Latham, NY, USA. 120 p." type="book" year="1974">Blackwelder and Arnett 1974: 58</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35A651AFFF20A33FF7BC310FA82F848" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8BFF3691FFF20A33FF7BC310FD61F96F" blockId="3.[192,1440,1315,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B60FFF20A33FF7BC310FED1FAEF" author="Horn, G. H." box="[232,377,1316,1340]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="137 - 148" refId="ref3275" refString="Horn, G. H. 1878. Revision of the species of Listrochelus of the United States. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 7: 137 - 148." type="journal article" year="1878">Horn (1878)</bibRefCitation>
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described
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FE6AC317FD5EFAE8" authority="Horn 1878: 146" authorityName="Horn" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1878" box="[505,758,1315,1339]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociatus">
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FE6AC317FD5EFAE8" box="[505,758,1315,1339]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Listrochelus sociatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from “
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||
<collectingRegion id="4984F873FFF20A33FCD4C310FC0FFAEF" box="[839,935,1316,1340]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Nevada</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="4984F873FFF20A33FC22C310FC5FFAEF" box="[945,1015,1316,1340]" country="United States of America" name="Idaho" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Idaho</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion id="4984F873FFF20A33FBA2C310FB22FAEF" box="[1073,1162,1316,1340]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Oregon</collectingRegion>
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” without specific local- ity or type designation. In 1938, Saylor moved
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FC9FC370FC39FA88" authority="Horn 1878: 146" authorityName="Horn" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1878" box="[780,913,1348,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FC9FC370FCB6FA88" box="[780,798,1348,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FCBCC370FC39FA88" box="[815,913,1348,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">sociatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FC4EC377FBDAFA88" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1851" box="[989,1138,1347,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FC4EC377FBDAFA88" box="[989,1138,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Listrochelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FB0EC377FA9FFA88" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1827" box="[1181,1335,1347,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Phyllophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FB0EC377FA9FFA88" box="[1181,1335,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Phyllophaga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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without explanation. In 1907, Schaeffer described
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FD51C357FC12FAA8" authority="Schaeffer 1907: 67" authorityName="Schaeffer" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1907" box="[706,954,1379,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knausii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FD51C357FC12FAA8" box="[706,954,1379,1403]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Listrochelus knausii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, apparently without seeing the types of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FF53C3B0FEEAFA48" authority="Horn 1878: 146" authorityName="Horn" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1878" box="[192,322,1412,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FF53C3B0FF7AFA48" box="[192,210,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FF73C3B0FEEAFA48" box="[224,322,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">sociatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, stating “By description
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FDE3C3B7FD64FA48" authority="Schaeffer 1907: 67" authorityName="Schaeffer" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1907" box="[624,716,1411,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knausii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FDE3C3B7FD64FA48" box="[624,716,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">knausii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FC1FC3B0FC46FA48" authority="Horn 1878: 146" authorityName="Horn" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1878" box="[908,1006,1412,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FC1FC3B0FC46FA48" box="[908,1006,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">sociatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, near which it has to be placed, but the latter species is said to have the posterior tibiae stout, resembling those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FB31C390FAA8FA68" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1847" box="[1186,1280,1444,1467]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Ligyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FB31C390FAA8FA68" box="[1186,1280,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Ligyrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.” Schaeffer’s types of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FEB7C3F0FE08FA08" authority="Horn 1878: 146" authorityName="Horn" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1878" box="[292,416,1475,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knausii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FEB7C3F0FE9EFA08" box="[292,310,1476,1499]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FED7C3F7FE08FA08" box="[324,416,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">knausii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a male and female, have been dissected, possibly by Schaeffer or Milton Sanderson. Both of Schaeffer’s types of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FD84C3D0FD3DFA28" authority="Schaeffer 1907: 67" authorityName="Schaeffer" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1907" box="[535,661,1507,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knausii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FD84C3D0FD3DFA28" box="[535,661,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">L. knausii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are from Stockton,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F873FFF20A33FC19C3D0FC61FA2F" box="[906,969,1508,1532]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Utah</collectingRegion>
|
||
and no
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB8833FFF20A33FBBDC3D0FB3EFA2F" box="[1070,1174,1508,1532]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has been designated. To fix the name to a single specimen I am designating the male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A14FFF20A33FC74C030FB86F9CF" box="[999,1070,1540,1564]" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="6.[192,287,1726,1748]" captionTargetBox="[369,1328,213,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[369,1328,213,1651]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 1–6. Male genitalia of Phyllophaga type specimens. 1) Phyllophaga sociata, lectotype. 2) Phyllophaga knausii, lectotype. 3) Phyllophaga rugosa, neotype. 4) Phyllophaga chippewa, holotype. 5) Phyllophaga bipartita, lectotype. 6) Phyllophaga falta, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676642/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) with the following data (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A14FFF20A33FAE3C030FF66F9EF" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="7.[192,287,1663,1685]" captionTargetBox="[192,1445,213,1629]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[192,1445,213,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 7–12. Specimen labels of Phyllophaga type specimens. 7) Phyllophaga sociata, lectotype. 8) Phyllophaga knausii, lectotype. 9) Phyllophaga rugosa, neotype. 10) Phyllophaga chippewa, holotype. 11) Phyllophaga bipartita, lectotype. 12) Phyllophaga falta, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676644/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
) as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB8833FFF20A33FEA7C010FE0EF9EF" box="[308,422,1572,1596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: “[handwritten label] Stockton/ V.14.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F873FFF20A33FCE5C010FC1DF9EF" box="[886,949,1572,1596]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Utah</collectingRegion>
|
||
// [handwritten label] Warren/ Knaus // [handwritten label]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FE25C070FDE4F98F" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1851" box="[438,588,1604,1628]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Listrochelus</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ knausii/ type
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D46FD18FFF20A33FC96C070FCB1F988" box="[773,793,1604,1627]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
Schaef // [in red] Type [handwritten]
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D46FD18FFF20A33FB79C070FB56F988" box="[1258,1278,1604,1627]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
// [handwrit- ten label with two red border lines]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FDEBC050FCA6F9AF" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1851" box="[632,782,1636,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Listrochelus</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ knausii/ Schaef. // [on red] Cotype/ No [handwritten] 42585/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577601FFF20A33FE84C0B0FEE0F94F" box="[279,328,1668,1692]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
N.M. // BROOKLYN/ MUSEUM/ COLL. 1929 // [on red]
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB8833FFF20A33FC78C0B0FB39F94F" box="[1003,1169,1668,1692]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FB33C0B0FA3FF94F" authority="Schaeffer 1907: 67" authorityName="Schaeffer" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1907" box="[1184,1431,1668,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knausii">Listrochelus knausii</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B60FFF20A33FF53C090FED3F96F" author="Schaeffer, C. F. A." box="[192,379,1700,1724]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="60 - 75" refId="ref3826" refString="Schaeffer, C. F. A. 1907. New Scarabaeidae. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 15 (2): 60 - 75." type="journal article" year="1907">Schaeffer, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
/ Det: K. E. Schnepp 2018”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3691FFF20A33FF7BC0F0FA08F8EF" blockId="3.[192,1440,1315,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
|
||
Similarly, no type has been designated for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FD4EC0F7FBCBF90F" authority="Horn. After" authorityName="Horn. After" box="[733,1123,1731,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FD4EC0F7FC7DF908" box="[733,981,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Listrochelus sociatus</emphasis>
|
||
Horn. After
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
examining the type series, a male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB8833FFF20A33FE8AC0D0FE2FF92F" box="[281,391,1764,1788]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A14FFF20A33FE04C0D0FE72F92F" box="[407,474,1764,1788]" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="6.[192,287,1726,1748]" captionTargetBox="[369,1328,213,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[369,1328,213,1651]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 1–6. Male genitalia of Phyllophaga type specimens. 1) Phyllophaga sociata, lectotype. 2) Phyllophaga knausii, lectotype. 3) Phyllophaga rugosa, neotype. 4) Phyllophaga chippewa, holotype. 5) Phyllophaga bipartita, lectotype. 6) Phyllophaga falta, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676642/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) is here designated to fix the name to a single specimen to allow comparison to other types. Label data (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A14FFF20A33FE63C130FD9FF8CF" box="[496,567,1796,1820]" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="7.[192,287,1663,1685]" captionTargetBox="[192,1445,213,1629]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[192,1445,213,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 7–12. Specimen labels of Phyllophaga type specimens. 7) Phyllophaga sociata, lectotype. 8) Phyllophaga knausii, lectotype. 9) Phyllophaga rugosa, neotype. 10) Phyllophaga chippewa, holotype. 11) Phyllophaga bipartita, lectotype. 12) Phyllophaga falta, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676644/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) are as follows: “Nev. // [on blue] PARA-TYPE/ [handwritten] 3635.2 // MCZ-ENT/ 00522248 // [on red]
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB8833FFF20A33FDA0C110FD7EF8EF" box="[563,726,1828,1852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FD77C117FC70F8E8" box="[740,984,1827,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FD77C117FC70F8E8" box="[740,984,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Listrochelus sociatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B60FFF20A33FC77C110FBCEF8EF" author="Horn, G. H." box="[996,1126,1828,1852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="137 - 148" refId="ref3275" refString="Horn, G. H. 1878. Revision of the species of Listrochelus of the United States. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 7: 137 - 148." type="journal article" year="1878">Horn, 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
||
/ Det: K. E. Schnepp 2018”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3691FFF20A33FF7BC170FA82F848" blockId="3.[192,1440,1315,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
|
||
Sanderson’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FE10C177FDB5F888" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1827" box="[387,541,1859,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Phyllophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FE10C177FDB5F888" box="[387,541,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Phyllophaga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
notes are available for study at the FSCA. In them, he clearly recognized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FF53C150FE93F8A8" box="[192,315,1891,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knausii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FF53C150FE93F8A8" box="[192,315,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">P. knausii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as being synonymous with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FD17C150FD50F8A8" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[644,760,1892,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Phyllophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FD17C150FD50F8A8" box="[644,760,1892,1915]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">P. sociata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but no formal synonymy has been made. After studying the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB8833FFF20A33FF7CC1B0FE9BF84F" box="[239,307,1924,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, I concur with Sanderson and here formally synonymize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FC78C1B0FBCFF848" box="[1003,1127,1923,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Listrochelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knausii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FC78C1B0FBCFF848" box="[1003,1127,1923,1947]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">P. knausii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D12FFF20A33FB3EC1B0FA8AF848" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[1197,1314,1924,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Phyllophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA83FFF20A33FB3EC1B0FA8AF848" box="[1197,1314,1924,1947]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">P. sociata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |