1001 lines
117 KiB
XML
1001 lines
117 KiB
XML
<document id="41C851C5F000DCC874BD017B2B73FD4E" ID-CLB-Dataset="31584" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4344.3.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e56ab2b0-9e13-4edd-99a6-e4e25f0a14c7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1043796" ID-ZooBank="9D1C0264-9C5F-441B-A268-27ADD4E6208B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1510135396612" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Soisook, Pipat, Sribuarod, Kriangsak, Karapan, Sunate, Safoowong, Mongkol, Billasoy, Sawwalak, Thong, Vu Dinh, Chang, Yang, Gong, Lixin, Lin, Aiqing, Sztencel-Jabłonka, Anna, Bogdanowicz, Wiesław & Bates, Paul J. J." docDate="2017" docId="03E98782FFAEAF20D2EE080AC3327182" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4344.3.8.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4344 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ia io subsp. peninsulata Soisook, Sribuarod, Karapan, Safoowong, Billasoy, Thong, Chang, Gong, Lin, Sztencel-Jabłonka, Bogdanowicz & Bates, 2017, subsp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="583" masterDocId="FFD0FFFAFFADAF2AD2790E22C7127720" masterDocTitle="The first record of Ia io Thomas, 1902 (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from the Sundaic Subregion, with a description of a new subspecies from peninsular Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="588" masterPageNumber="573" pageNumber="576" updateTime="1698663505958" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7F4AEB5C691E82D8CC214944EBA8B3D8">The first record of Ia io Thomas, 1902 (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from the Sundaic Subregion, with a description of a new subspecies from peninsular Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="08B97D84E6848AF01A6664D18DFC48FC">Soisook, Pipat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5C610561E36DA806326F8393E921609F">Sribuarod, Kriangsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="08AEBC2BF86542E9166FC3F5D26EA4C2">Karapan, Sunate</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CF591944423E691C67F9388D8E49F7DB">Safoowong, Mongkol</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6392861A055268829EC0B8192CF9D9AD">Billasoy, Sawwalak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8528AB0875B32C156C6BD6865C879D19">Thong, Vu Dinh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F8B3D53C246ED994CD5786EE2F90EEED">Chang, Yang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DCC3F59491C030374666E69A59282DB8">Gong, Lixin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DC03B88264532861CFC8B1085DAE129E">Lin, Aiqing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BC6736EFC5735454ECC4DCE838A72B26">Sztencel-Jabłonka, Anna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CB55C01D624E81DC7082E223F799A40F">Bogdanowicz, Wiesław</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A6D03C85922B1D0A6FD528D9C9E4E521">Bates, Paul J. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E3A1A9C121A3D3E1E0082163059E7DFF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2D91A6E2CF4B7E9613A6D0CC4187B481">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="10802F6342DEFB0662A28558A16BE3F9">2017-11-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="503833ED781D019D7C0719B0E2849C03">4344</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="65709CAB23F3157512EF66CB309ABEE9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4344.3.8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DE32C6FEBAB38317637E91558AE25D07" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="E2CF2F7FFFAEAF20D2EE080AC3327182" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="583" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" type="multiple">
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<treatment id="03E98782FFAEAF20D2EE080AC3327182" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6048896" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137253063" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6048896" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E98782FFAEAF20D2EE080AC3327182" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98782FFAEAF20D2EE080AC3327182" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="583" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
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<subSubSection id="C35A651FFFAEAF29D2EE080AC6E67163" box="[151,500,1576,1603]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFAEAF29D2EE080AC6E67163" blockId="3.[151,500,1576,1637]" box="[151,500,1576,1603]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
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<heading id="D0B781F8FFAEAF29D2EE080AC6E67163" bold="true" box="[151,500,1576,1603]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B934EA86FFAEAF29D2EE080AC6E67163" bold="true" box="[151,500,1576,1603]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
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<taxonomicName id="4C404D17FFAEAF29D2EE080AC6717162" ID-CoL="8LZRC" box="[151,355,1576,1602]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Ia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="io" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="peninsulata">
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<emphasis id="B934EA86FFAEAF29D2EE080AC6717162" bold="true" box="[151,355,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">Ia io peninsulata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757FDFFAEAF29D312080BC6E67163" box="[363,500,1577,1603]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35A651FFFAEAF29D2EE086EC68B7144" box="[151,409,1612,1637]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFAEAF29D2EE086EC68B7144" blockId="3.[151,500,1576,1637]" box="[151,409,1612,1637]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
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(
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<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFAEAF29D2E6086EC6197144" box="[159,267,1612,1637]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStart-7="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1293,1315]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,249,1503,1525]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionStartId-3="8.[151,250,1082,1104]" captionStartId-4="8.[151,250,1998,2020]" captionStartId-5="9.[151,250,1031,1053]" captionStartId-6="9.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionStartId-7="10.[151,250,1047,1069]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,367,1281]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,625,1481]" captionTargetBox-2="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetBox-3="[257,1339,202,1052]" captionTargetBox-4="[201,1384,1195,1968]" captionTargetBox-5="[164,1388,212,1004]" captionTargetBox-6="[162,1422,1146,1892]" captionTargetBox-7="[166,1421,195,1013]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,367,1281]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,625,1481]" captionTargetId-2="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId-3="figure@8.[229,1363,195,1074]" captionTargetId-4="figure@8.[189,1394,1184,1977]" captionTargetId-5="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1009]" captionTargetId-6="figure@9.[151,1436,1133,1901]" captionTargetId-7="figure@10.[151,1436,180,1025]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="8" captionTargetPageId-5="9" captionTargetPageId-6="9" captionTargetPageId-7="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Map of the localities of specimens of Ia io analysed in this study; black dots = specimens examined for morphological analysis only; red dots = specimens used for genetic analysis only; half black / red dots = specimens used for both morphological and genetic analyses. Type localities of the nominate subspecies io and the new subspecies peninsulata, as well as the other two synonyms, Ia longimana and Parascotomanes beaulieui, are indicated. The grey shaded area is the known distribution of Ia io based on data in the IUCN Red List." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Ia io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.159 (paratype), female, from peninsular Thailand. Not to scale." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Dorsal (left) and ventral view (right) of the baculum of I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Biplot between skull length and maxillary toothrow length of I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Principal component analysis based on 12 craniodental measurements of I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io. Factor loading scores are in table 2." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Bayesian tree using HKY + I + G nucleotide substitution model based on the mitochondrial COI gene of Ia io and other vespertilionids as outgroup. The node labels indicate posterior probability values. Samples included in this analysis are listed in Appendix." captionText-7="FIGURE 8. Bayesian phylogram using GTR + I + G nucleotide substitution model based on the mitochondrial CytB gene of Ia io and other vespertilionids as outgroup. The node labels indicate posterior probability values. Samples included in this analysis are listed in Appendix." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1043798/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1043800/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/1043804/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/1043806/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/1043808/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/1043810/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/1043812/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">Figs. 1–8</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6C2032FFFAEAF29D36F086EC6827144" box="[278,400,1612,1637]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="4.[151,239,604,627]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,239,672,695]" captionText-0="TABLE 1. External and craniodental measurements (in mm) and statistical comparison (Mann-Whitney U- test) between I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io. Sample size, mean ± SD, minimum and maximum values are given. *** = P <0.01; ** = P <0.05; NS = not significant. Definition of measurements is provided in Materials and Methods section." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Factor loading scores of each character and variance explained of the first two principal components." pageId="3" pageNumber="576">Tables 1–2</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35A651FFFAEAF2ED2EE08B6C27C7608" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="577" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFAEAF29D2EE08B6C6D371F0" blockId="3.[151,1437,1684,2032]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
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<emphasis id="B934EA86FFAEAF29D2EE08B6C61F718D" bold="true" box="[151,269,1684,1709]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
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<typeStatus id="54FB8836FFAEAF29D2EE08B6C61A718D" box="[151,264,1684,1709]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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||
</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED51AE51FFAEAF29D36008B6C6A2718D" box="[281,432,1684,1709]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">PSUZC-MM</collectionCode>
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.2012.158, adult male, dry skin, skull and baculum extracted, collected by Kriangsak Sribuarod, on
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<date id="FFFE1054FFAEAF29D34F089AC6AF71F0" box="[310,445,1719,1744]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" value="2012-07-07">7 July 2012</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="54FB8836FFAEAF29D2BE08FEC61071D5" box="[199,258,1756,1781]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">Type</typeStatus>
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||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Tham Lot, Khao Sok National Park,
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||
<collectingRegion id="4984F876FFAEAF29D17108FEC4E871D5" box="[776,1018,1756,1781]" country="Thailand" name="Surat Thani" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
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<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFAEAF29D17108FEC45171D4" box="[776,835,1756,1780]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">Surat</collectingCountry>
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Thani Province
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</collectingRegion>
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, S.
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFAEAF29D65B08FEC39471D5" box="[1058,1158,1756,1781]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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(
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,
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).
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFAEAF29D2BE08DDC61F70ED" blockId="3.[151,1437,1684,2032]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFAEAF29D2BE08DDC6547038" bold="true" box="[199,326,1791,1816]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB8836FFAEAF29D2BE08DDC6537038" box="[199,321,1791,1816]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE51FFAEAF29D33408DDC6F67038" box="[333,484,1791,1816]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">PSUZC-MM</collectionCode>
|
||
.2012.159, adult female, dry skin, skull extracted, from the same site as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB8836FFAEAF29D74A08DDC28A7038" box="[1331,1432,1791,1816]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, collected by Kriangsak Sribuarod; uncatalogued specimen, field number PS170204.1, adult female, body in alcohol, skull extracted, collected from Panturat Cave,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F876FFAEAF29D17E096AC4EB7040" box="[775,1017,1863,1888]" country="Thailand" name="Surat Thani" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFAEAF29D17E096AC4507040" box="[775,834,1864,1888]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">Surat</collectingCountry>
|
||
Thani Province
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
, S.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFAEAF29D65C0965C39B7040" box="[1061,1161,1863,1888]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE745053FFAEAF29D6E00965C3FE7040" box="[1177,1260,1863,1888]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" precision="925" value="8.9">8°54′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE745053FFAEAF29D6810965C2467040" box="[1272,1364,1863,1888]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" precision="925" value="98.51667">98°31′E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) by P. Soisook;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE51FFAEAF29D37A094EC68870A5" box="[259,410,1900,1925]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">PSUZC-MM</collectionCode>
|
||
.2012.157, adult male and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE51FFAEAF29D0B5094EC47170A4" box="[716,867,1900,1924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">PSUZC-MM</collectionCode>
|
||
.2012.207, adult female, dry skin, skull extracted, collected from Sra Manora Forest Park,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F876FFAEAF29D0FB09ADC46B7088" box="[642,889,1935,1960]" country="Thailand" name="Phangnga" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F876FFAEAF29D0FB09ADC5DA7088" box="[642,712,1935,1960]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">Phang</collectingRegion>
|
||
Nga Province
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
, S.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFAEAF29D1D709ADC3007088" box="[942,1042,1935,1960]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE745053FFAEAF29D65009ADC3697088" box="[1065,1147,1935,1960]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" precision="925" value="8.5">8°30′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE745053FFAEAF29D6F709ADC3FB7088" box="[1166,1257,1935,1960]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="576" precision="925" value="98.53333">98°32′E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) by Kriangsak Sribuarod.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFAEAF2ED2BE09F5C27C7608" blockId="3.[151,1437,1684,2032]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,563]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="577" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFAEAF29D2BE09F5C6AB70D0" bold="true" box="[199,441,2007,2032]" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">Referred specimens.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE51FFAEAF29D3C609FAC6EF70CF" box="[447,509,2008,2031]" country="Croatia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wyia-rmhq" name="Museum of Natural History (Hrvatski Zooloski Muzej)" pageId="3" pageNumber="576">HZM</collectionCode>
|
||
7.40229 (012/12), cranium and mandible, with almost complete dentition (missing left upper
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED3720EB9C60E7785" box="[267,284,151,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I2</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED3520EB9C62E7785" box="[299,316,151,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I3</date>
|
||
, C1, P2; right upper
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED0660EB9C5227785" box="[543,560,151,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I3</date>
|
||
, P2; both left and right lower
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED1F90EB9C4807797" box="[896,914,155,183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I1</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED1D90EB9C4A37797" box="[928,945,155,183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I2</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED1B90EB9C4C37797" box="[960,977,155,183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I3</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE51FFA9AF2ED1930EB9C33A7792" box="[1002,1064,155,178]" country="Croatia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wyia-rmhq" name="Museum of Natural History (Hrvatski Zooloski Muzej)" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">HZM</collectionCode>
|
||
8.40230 (013/12), cranium only, with almost complete dentition (missing upper left
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED0840EE7C41C77EF" box="[765,782,193,220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I2</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED1580EE7C42077EF" box="[801,818,193,220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I3</date>
|
||
; upper right
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED1AC0EE7C4F477EF" box="[981,998,193,220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I2</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED1830EE7C31977EF" box="[1018,1035,193,220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I3</date>
|
||
, C1, P2);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51AE51FFA9AF2ED6FB0EE7C3D277FC" box="[1154,1216,197,220]" country="Croatia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wyia-rmhq" name="Museum of Natural History (Hrvatski Zooloski Muzej)" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">HZM</collectionCode>
|
||
6.40228 (016/12), mandible only, with almost complete dentition (missing lower left
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED1070ECBC49D7625" box="[894,911,233,261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I1</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED1E50ECBC4BC7625" box="[924,942,233,261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I2</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED1C20ECBC4DE7625" box="[955,972,233,261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I3</date>
|
||
, C1, P2) – all three specimens collected in 2012 by Helmut Steiner from the floor of Panturat Cave,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F876FFA9AF2ED1610F2DC31B7608" box="[792,1033,271,296]" country="Thailand" name="Surat Thani" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFA9AF2ED1610F2DC4417607" box="[792,851,271,295]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Surat</collectingCountry>
|
||
Thani Province
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
, S.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFA9AF2ED6480F2DC3877608" box="[1073,1173,271,296]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE745053FFA9AF2ED6DD0F2DC3E57608" box="[1188,1271,271,296]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="577" precision="925" value="8.9">8°54′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE745053FFA9AF2ED77A0F2DC2737608" box="[1283,1377,271,296]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="577" precision="925" value="98.51667">98°31′E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A651FFFA9AF2ED2BE0F11C3D1742D" pageId="4" pageNumber="577" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA9AF2ED2BE0F11C238750F" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,563]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA9AF2ED2BE0F11C653766C" bold="true" box="[199,321,307,332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This is a very large vespertilionid, with a FA of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA9AF2ED11A0F11C314766B" box="[867,1030,307,331]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.075" metricValueMax="8.309999999999999" metricValueMin="7.84" pageId="4" pageNumber="577" unit="mm" value="80.75" valueMax="83.1" valueMin="78.4">78.4–83.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C2032FFFA9AF2ED66C0F11C37B766B" box="[1045,1129,307,332]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,604,627]" captionText="TABLE 1. External and craniodental measurements (in mm) and statistical comparison (Mann-Whitney U- test) between I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io. Sample size, mean ± SD, minimum and maximum values are given. *** = P <0.01; ** = P <0.05; NS = not significant. Definition of measurements is provided in Materials and Methods section." pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The dorsal pelage is dark brown and the ventral pelage is greyish-brown with an apparent whitish-brown ring on the chest between the shoulders (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA9AF2ED36C0F59C64C76B3" box="[277,350,379,404]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1503,1525]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1481]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,625,1481]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ia io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.159 (paratype), female, from peninsular Thailand. Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043800/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The skull is massive (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA9AF2ED0010F59C5D976B3" box="[632,715,379,404]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a GTL and CCL of 29.30–31.13 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA9AF2ED6AA0F59C28A76B3" box="[1235,1432,379,403]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.791" metricValueMax="2.87" metricValueMin="2.712" pageId="4" pageNumber="577" unit="mm" value="27.91" valueMax="28.7" valueMin="27.12">27.12–28.70 mm</quantity>
|
||
, respectively (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C2032FFFA9AF2ED3550F80C66D769A" box="[300,383,418,443]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,604,627]" captionText="TABLE 1. External and craniodental measurements (in mm) and statistical comparison (Mann-Whitney U- test) between I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io. Sample size, mean ± SD, minimum and maximum values are given. *** = P <0.01; ** = P <0.05; NS = not significant. Definition of measurements is provided in Materials and Methods section." pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The inner upper incisor (
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA9AF2ED0D30F80C5AE768C" box="[682,700,414,442]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I1</date>
|
||
) is unicuspid. The upper canine (C1) is large, more than twice that of the second upper premolar (P4) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA9AF2ED0500FEAC56E76C1" box="[553,636,456,481]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
). The first lower premolar (P2) is rounded; the second lower premolar (P4) is somewhat square (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA9AF2ED3CD0FCDC5147528" box="[436,518,495,520]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
). The anterior basal cusps of both P2 and P4 are poorly developed. The talonids of the first (M1) and second lower molars (M2) are about equal to that of their respective trigonids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA9AF2ED6B20C34C20E750F" box="[1227,1308,534,559]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F661CFFA9AF2ED2EE0C7EC2917593" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA9AF2ED2EE0C7EC2917593" blockId="4.[151,1436,604,691]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA9AF2ED2EE0C7EC6187553" bold="true" box="[151,266,604,627]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
External and craniodental measurements (in mm) and statistical comparison (Mann-Whitney
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA9AF2ED68A0C7EC21D7553" box="[1267,1295,604,627]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">U-</emphasis>
|
||
test) between
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA9AF2ED2EE0C5EC65975B3" box="[151,331,635,659]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I. io peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA9AF2ED32C0C5EC6C475B3" bold="true" box="[341,470,636,659]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757FDFFA9AF2ED32C0C5EC6C475B3" box="[341,470,636,659]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA9AF2ED0680C5EC57775B3" box="[529,613,636,659]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">I. io io.</emphasis>
|
||
Sample size, mean±SD, minimum and maximum values are given. *** =
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA9AF2ED2EE0CBEC7B57593" box="[151,167,668,691]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">P</emphasis>
|
||
<0.01; ** =
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA9AF2ED3530CBEC6287593" box="[298,314,668,691]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">P</emphasis>
|
||
<0.05; NS = not significant. Definition of measurements is provided in Materials and Methods section.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA9AF2ED2E60CECC26075C4" blockId="4.[159,1394,718,781]" box="[159,1394,718,740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
Characters
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D17FFA9AF2ED3EB0CEDC52C75C4" box="[402,574,718,740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577" status="subsp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA9AF2ED3EB0CEDC52C75C4" box="[402,574,718,740]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Ia io peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA9AF2ED03D0CEDC5A975C4" bold="true" box="[580,699,719,740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757FDFFA9AF2ED03D0CEDC5A975C4" box="[580,699,719,740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA9AF2ED10F0CEDC22075C4" box="[886,1330,719,740]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">Ia io io P</emphasis>
|
||
-value
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA9AF2ED3EB0CDAC3D1742D" blockId="4.[159,1394,718,781]" box="[402,1219,759,781]" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">n mean ± SD min–max n mean ± SD min–max</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA9AF2ED2E60D00C25B70BD" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<table id="F940C434FFA950D5D2E60D03C26070BD" box="[159,1394,801,1949]" gridcols="8" gridrows="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60D03C2607417" box="[159,1394,801,823]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60D03C7F97417" box="[159,235,801,823]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">FA</th>
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0D03C68D7417" box="[402,415,801,823]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6</th>
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0D03C5517417" box="[452,579,801,823]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">80.4 ± 1.71</th>
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0D03C4107417" box="[643,770,801,823]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">78.4–83.1</th>
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0D03C49D7417" box="[886,911,801,823]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">34</th>
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0D03C3267417" box="[948,1076,801,823]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">75.2 ± 2.88</th>
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0D03C3F17417" box="[1124,1251,801,823]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">66.0–79.9</th>
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0D03C2607417" box="[1315,1394,801,823]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60D68C2607440" box="[159,1394,842,864]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60D68C7F97440" box="[159,235,842,864]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">E</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0D68C68D7440" box="[402,415,842,864]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0D68C5517440" box="[452,579,842,864]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">26.1 ± 0.59</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0D68C4107440" box="[643,770,842,864]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">25.2–26.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0D68C49D7440" box="[886,911,842,864]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">17</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0D68C3267440" box="[948,1076,842,864]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">24.9 ± 1.86</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0D68C3F17440" box="[1124,1251,842,864]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">19.9–28.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0D68C2607440" box="[1315,1394,842,864]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">**</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60D56C26074AA" box="[159,1394,884,906]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60D56C7F974AA" box="[159,235,884,906]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">TRG</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0D56C68D74AA" box="[402,415,884,906]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0D56C55174AA" box="[452,579,884,906]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">10.6 ± 0.62</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0D56C41074AA" box="[643,770,884,906]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">10.0–11.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0D56C49D74AA" box="[886,911,884,906]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">17</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0D56C32674AA" box="[948,1076,884,906]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">9.7 ± 1.36</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0D56C3F174AA" box="[1124,1251,884,906]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">7.6–12.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0D56C26074AA" box="[1315,1394,884,906]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">NS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60DBFC2607493" box="[159,1394,925,947]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60DBFC7F97493" box="[159,235,925,947]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">HB</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0DBFC68D7493" box="[402,415,925,947]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0DBFC5517493" box="[452,579,925,947]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">103.5 ± 2.01</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0DBFC4107493" box="[643,770,925,947]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">101.2–106.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0DBFC49D7493" box="[886,911,925,947]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">9</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0DBFC3267493" box="[948,1076,925,947]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">91.2 ± 7.40</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0DBFC3F17493" box="[1124,1251,925,947]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">83.0–107.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0DBFC2607493" box="[1315,1394,925,947]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">**</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60DE4C26074FC" box="[159,1394,966,988]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60DE4C7F974FC" box="[159,235,966,988]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">TL</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0DE4C68D74FC" box="[402,415,966,988]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0DE4C55174FC" box="[452,579,966,988]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">68.9 ± 2.00</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0DE4C41074FC" box="[643,770,966,988]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">62.8–74.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0DE4C49D74FC" box="[886,911,966,988]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">7</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0DE4C32674FC" box="[948,1076,966,988]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">65.9 ± 9.10</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0DE4C3F174FC" box="[1124,1251,966,988]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">45.4–70.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0DE4C26074FC" box="[1315,1394,966,988]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">NS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60DCDC2607325" box="[159,1394,1007,1029]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60DCDC7F97325" box="[159,235,1007,1029]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">TIB</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0DCDC68D7325" box="[402,415,1007,1029]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0DCDC5517325" box="[452,579,1007,1029]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">33.2 ± 2.41</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0DCDC4107325" box="[643,770,1007,1029]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">29.9–36.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0DCDC49D7325" box="[886,911,1007,1029]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">17</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0DCDC3267325" box="[948,1076,1007,1029]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">33.1 ± 1.71</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0DCDC3F17325" box="[1124,1251,1007,1029]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">28.4–35.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0DCDC2607325" box="[1315,1394,1007,1029]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">NS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60A3BC260730F" box="[159,1394,1049,1071]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60A3BC7F9730F" box="[159,235,1049,1071]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">HF</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0A3BC68D730F" box="[402,415,1049,1071]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0A3BC551730F" box="[452,579,1049,1071]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16.2 ± 1.13</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0A3BC410730F" box="[643,770,1049,1071]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">15.0–18.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0A3BC49D730F" box="[886,911,1049,1071]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">17</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0A3BC326730F" box="[948,1076,1049,1071]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">15.4 ± 1.15</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0A3BC3F1730F" box="[1124,1251,1049,1071]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">13.6–17.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0A3BC260730F" box="[1315,1394,1049,1071]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">NS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60A60C2607378" box="[159,1394,1090,1112]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60A60C7F97378" box="[159,235,1090,1112]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">3MET</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0A60C68D7378" box="[402,415,1090,1112]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0A60C5517378" box="[452,579,1090,1112]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">77.6 ± 1.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0A60C4107378" box="[643,770,1090,1112]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">76.5–79.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0A60C49D7378" box="[886,911,1090,1112]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">17</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0A60C3267378" box="[948,1076,1090,1112]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">74.7 ± 3.12</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0A60C3F17378" box="[1124,1251,1090,1112]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">70.5–81.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0A60C2607378" box="[1315,1394,1090,1112]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">NS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60A4EC26073A2" box="[159,1394,1132,1154]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60A4EC7F973A2" box="[159,235,1132,1154]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">4MET</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0A4EC68D73A2" box="[402,415,1132,1154]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0A4EC55173A2" box="[452,579,1132,1154]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">75.5 ± 2.12</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0A4EC41073A2" box="[643,770,1132,1154]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">73.5–78.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0A4EC49D73A2" box="[886,911,1132,1154]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">17</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0A4EC32673A2" box="[948,1076,1132,1154]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">72.5 ± 3.03</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0A4EC3F173A2" box="[1124,1251,1132,1154]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">67.8–79.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0A4EC26073A2" box="[1315,1394,1132,1154]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">NS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60AB7C260738B" box="[159,1394,1173,1195]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60AB7C7F9738B" box="[159,235,1173,1195]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">5MET</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0AB7C68D738B" box="[402,415,1173,1195]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0AB7C551738B" box="[452,579,1173,1195]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">66.4 ± 2.29</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0AB7C410738B" box="[643,770,1173,1195]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">64.6–69.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0AB7C49D738B" box="[886,911,1173,1195]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">17</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0AB7C326738B" box="[948,1076,1173,1195]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">64.9 ± 2.76</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0AB7C3F1738B" box="[1124,1251,1173,1195]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">61.5–70.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0AB7C260738B" box="[1315,1394,1173,1195]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">NS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60A9CC26073F4" box="[159,1394,1214,1236]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60A9CC7F973F4" box="[159,235,1214,1236]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">3D1PH</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0A9CC68D73F4" box="[402,415,1214,1236]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0A9CC55173F4" box="[452,579,1214,1236]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">27.5 ± 1.09</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0A9CC41073F4" box="[643,770,1214,1236]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">26.3–28.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0A9CC49D73F4" box="[886,911,1214,1236]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">17</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0A9CC32673F4" box="[948,1076,1214,1236]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">25.8 ± 1.70</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0A9CC3F173F4" box="[1124,1251,1214,1236]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">23.5–28.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0A9CC26073F4" box="[1315,1394,1214,1236]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">NS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60AC5C26073DD" box="[159,1394,1255,1277]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60AC5C7F973DD" box="[159,235,1255,1277]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">3D2PH</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0AC5C68D73DD" box="[402,415,1255,1277]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0AC5C55173DD" box="[452,579,1255,1277]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">23.5 ± 2.10</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0AC5C41073DD" box="[643,770,1255,1277]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">21.9–26.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0AC5C49D73DD" box="[886,911,1255,1277]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">17</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0AC5C32673DD" box="[948,1076,1255,1277]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">22.6 ± 1.27</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0AC5C3F173DD" box="[1124,1251,1255,1277]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">20.2–24.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0AC5C26073DD" box="[1315,1394,1255,1277]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">NS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60B33C2607207" box="[159,1394,1297,1319]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60B33C7F97207" box="[159,235,1297,1319]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">GTL</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0B33C68D7207" box="[402,415,1297,1319]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0B33C5517207" box="[452,579,1297,1319]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">30.30 ± 0.65</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0B33C4107207" box="[643,770,1297,1319]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">29.30–31.13</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0B33C49D7207" box="[886,911,1297,1319]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0B33C3267207" box="[948,1076,1297,1319]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">27.97 ± 0.70</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0B33C3F17207" box="[1124,1251,1297,1319]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">26.36–28.86</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0B33C2607207" box="[1315,1394,1297,1319]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60B18C2607270" box="[159,1394,1338,1360]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60B18C7F97270" box="[159,235,1338,1360]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">CBL</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0B18C68D7270" box="[402,415,1338,1360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0B18C5517270" box="[452,579,1338,1360]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">28.57 ± 0.86</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0B18C4107270" box="[643,770,1338,1360]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">27.49–29.53</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0B18C49D7270" box="[886,911,1338,1360]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">15</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0B18C3267270" box="[948,1076,1338,1360]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">26.68 ± 0.59</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0B18C3F17270" box="[1124,1251,1338,1360]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">25.59–27.64</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0B18C2607270" box="[1315,1394,1338,1360]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60B46C260725A" box="[159,1394,1380,1402]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60B46C7F9725A" box="[159,235,1380,1402]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">CCL</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0B46C68D725A" box="[402,415,1380,1402]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0B46C551725A" box="[452,579,1380,1402]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">27.81 ± 0.73</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0B46C410725A" box="[643,770,1380,1402]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">27.12–28.70</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0B46C49D725A" box="[886,911,1380,1402]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">15</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0B46C326725A" box="[948,1076,1380,1402]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">26.17 ± 0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0B46C3F1725A" box="[1124,1251,1380,1402]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">25.40–27.00</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0B46C260725A" box="[1315,1394,1380,1402]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60BAFC2607283" box="[159,1394,1421,1443]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60BAFC7F97283" box="[159,235,1421,1443]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">ZB</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0BAFC68D7283" box="[402,415,1421,1443]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">7</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0BAFC5517283" box="[452,579,1421,1443]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">18.79 ± 0.53</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0BAFC4107283" box="[643,770,1421,1443]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">18.17–19.40</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0BAFC49D7283" box="[886,911,1421,1443]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">14</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0BAFC3267283" box="[948,1076,1421,1443]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">17.53 ± 0.55</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0BAFC3F17283" box="[1124,1251,1421,1443]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16.34–18.25</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0BAFC2607283" box="[1315,1394,1421,1443]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60B94C26072EC" box="[159,1394,1462,1484]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60B94C7F972EC" box="[159,235,1462,1484]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">BB</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0B94C68D72EC" box="[402,415,1462,1484]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">7</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0B94C55172EC" box="[452,579,1462,1484]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">12.48 ± 0.28</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0B94C41072EC" box="[643,770,1462,1484]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">12.17–13.02</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0B94C49D72EC" box="[886,911,1462,1484]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0B94C32672EC" box="[948,1076,1462,1484]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">12.03 ± 0.24</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0B94C3F172EC" box="[1124,1251,1462,1484]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">11.39–12.40</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0B94C26072EC" box="[1315,1394,1462,1484]" gridcol="7" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60BFDC26072D5" box="[159,1394,1503,1525]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60BFDC7F972D5" box="[159,235,1503,1525]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">MW</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0BFDC68D72D5" box="[402,415,1503,1525]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">7</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0BFDC55172D5" box="[452,579,1503,1525]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">15.13 ± 0.41</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0BFDC41072D5" box="[643,770,1503,1525]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">14.46–15.68</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0BFDC49D72D5" box="[886,911,1503,1525]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0BFDC32672D5" box="[948,1076,1503,1525]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">14.03 ± 0.56</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0BFDC3F172D5" box="[1124,1251,1503,1525]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">12.67–14.58</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0BFDC26072D5" box="[1315,1394,1503,1525]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E6082BC260713F" box="[159,1394,1545,1567]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E6082BC7F9713F" box="[159,235,1545,1567]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">PC</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB082BC68D713F" box="[402,415,1545,1567]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">7</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD082BC551713F" box="[452,579,1545,1567]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6.08 ± 0.16</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA082BC410713F" box="[643,770,1545,1567]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">5.86–6.27</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F082BC49D713F" box="[886,911,1545,1567]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD082BC326713F" box="[948,1076,1545,1567]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">5.77 ± 0.18</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D082BC3F1713F" box="[1124,1251,1545,1567]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">5.41–6.08</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A082BC260713F" box="[1315,1394,1545,1567]" gridcol="7" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60810C2607168" box="[159,1394,1586,1608]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60810C7F97168" box="[159,235,1586,1608]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">PL</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0810C68D7168" box="[402,415,1586,1608]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0810C5517168" box="[452,579,1586,1608]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">11.10 ± 0.22</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0810C4107168" box="[643,770,1586,1608]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">10.84–11.33</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0810C49D7168" box="[886,911,1586,1608]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">15</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0810C3267168" box="[948,1076,1586,1608]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">10.11 ± 0.57</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0810C3F17168" box="[1124,1251,1586,1608]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">8.71–10.84</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0810C2607168" box="[1315,1394,1586,1608]" gridcol="7" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60879C2607154" box="[159,1394,1627,1652]" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60879C7F97154" box="[159,235,1627,1652]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">C1-M3</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0879C68D7154" box="[402,415,1627,1652]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0879C5517154" box="[452,579,1627,1652]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">11.72 ± 0.36</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0879C4107154" box="[643,770,1627,1652]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">11.28–12.15</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0879C49D7154" box="[886,911,1627,1652]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0879C3267154" box="[948,1076,1627,1652]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">10.65 ± 0.15</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0879C3F17154" box="[1124,1251,1627,1652]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">10.29–10.85</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0879C2607154" box="[1315,1394,1627,1652]" gridcol="7" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E608A5C2607180" box="[159,1394,1671,1696]" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E608A5C7F97180" box="[159,235,1671,1696]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">C1-C1</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB08A5C68D7180" box="[402,415,1671,1696]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD08A5C5517180" box="[452,579,1671,1696]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">9.63 ± 0.32</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA08A5C4107180" box="[643,770,1671,1696]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">9.29–10.19</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F08A5C49D7180" box="[886,911,1671,1696]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD08A5C3267180" box="[948,1076,1671,1696]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">8.65 ± 0.17</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D08A5C3F17180" box="[1124,1251,1671,1696]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">8.29–8.96</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A08A5C2607180" box="[1315,1394,1671,1696]" gridcol="7" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60891C26071EC" box="[159,1394,1715,1740]" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60891C7F971EC" box="[159,235,1715,1740]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">M3-M3</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0891C68D71EC" box="[402,415,1715,1740]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">7</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0891C55171EC" box="[452,579,1715,1740]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">12.25 ± 0.32</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0891C41071EC" box="[643,770,1715,1740]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">11.64–12.56</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0891C49D71EC" box="[886,911,1715,1740]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0891C32671EC" box="[948,1076,1715,1740]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">11.37 ± 0.23</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0891C3F171EC" box="[1124,1251,1715,1740]" gridcol="6" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">10.93–11.67</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0891C26071EC" box="[1315,1394,1715,1740]" gridcol="7" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E608FDC2607001" box="[159,1394,1759,1825]" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E608FDC7F97001" box="[159,235,1759,1825]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">C1-M3 M</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB08FDC68D7001" box="[402,415,1759,1825]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6 5</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD08FDC5517001" box="[452,579,1759,1825]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">12.75 ± 0.51 23.07 ± 1.17</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA08FDC4107001" box="[643,770,1759,1825]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">12.11–13.39 21.87–24.33</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F08FDC49D7001" box="[886,911,1759,1825]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16 16</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD08FDC3267001" box="[948,1076,1759,1825]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">11.77 ± 0.22 22.16 ± 0.73</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D08FDC3F17001" box="[1124,1251,1759,1825]" gridcol="6" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">11.32–12.18 20.48–23.20</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A08FDC2607001" box="[1315,1394,1759,1825]" gridcol="7" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">*** NS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E60916C260706A" box="[159,1394,1844,1866]" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E60916C7F9706A" box="[159,235,1844,1866]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">CPH</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB0916C68D706A" box="[402,415,1844,1866]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD0916C551706A" box="[452,579,1844,1866]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">8.15 ± 0.55</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA0916C410706A" box="[643,770,1844,1866]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">7.68–9.03</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F0916C49D706A" box="[886,911,1844,1866]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD0916C326706A" box="[948,1076,1844,1866]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">7.50 ± 0.56</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D0916C3F1706A" box="[1124,1251,1844,1866]" gridcol="6" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6.01–8.31</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A0916C260706A" box="[1315,1394,1844,1866]" gridcol="7" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">**</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E6097CC2607054" box="[159,1394,1886,1908]" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E6097CC7F97054" box="[159,235,1886,1908]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">RW</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB097CC68D7054" box="[402,415,1886,1908]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD097CC5517054" box="[452,579,1886,1908]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">11.36 ± 0.15</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA097CC4107054" box="[643,770,1886,1908]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">11.22–11.64</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F097CC49D7054" box="[886,911,1886,1908]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD097CC3267054" box="[948,1076,1886,1908]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">10.18 ± 0.34</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D097CC3F17054" box="[1124,1251,1886,1908]" gridcol="6" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">9.32–10.57</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A097CC2607054" box="[1315,1394,1886,1908]" gridcol="7" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFA950D5D2E609A5C26070BD" box="[159,1394,1927,1949]" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D2E609A5C7F970BD" box="[159,235,1927,1949]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">LH</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3EB09A5C68D70BD" box="[402,415,1927,1949]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D3BD09A5C55170BD" box="[452,579,1927,1949]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">10.84 ± 0.52</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D0FA09A5C41070BD" box="[643,770,1927,1949]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">9.96–11.33</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D10F09A5C49D70BD" box="[886,911,1927,1949]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">15</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D1CD09A5C32670BD" box="[948,1076,1927,1949]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">9.58 ± 0.44</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D61D09A5C3F170BD" box="[1124,1251,1927,1949]" gridcol="6" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">8.98–10.41</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFA950D5D75A09A5C26070BD" box="[1315,1394,1927,1949]" gridcol="7" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="577">***</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A651FFFA8AF2FD2BE0EB5C65377F5" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA8AF2FD2BE0EB5C65377F5" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA8AF2FD2BE0EB5C65C7790" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The subspecific name refers to the Thai Peninsula, from where specimens of the new subspecies were collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A651FFFA8AF2CD2BE0EFDC3F87551" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="579" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA8AF2FD2BE0EFDC384751D" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA8AF2FD2BE0EFDC64B77D8" bold="true" box="[199,345,223,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
This is a very large bat, and probably the largest known vespertilionid, with a FA of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA8AF2FD7550EC2C7D1763C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.075" metricValueMax="8.309999999999999" metricValueMin="7.84" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="80.75" valueMax="83.1" valueMin="78.4">78.4–83.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
and HB of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA8AF2FD33C0F26C516763C" box="[325,516,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.038" metricValueMax="1.064" metricValueMin="1.012" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="103.8" valueMax="106.4" valueMin="101.2">101.2–106.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C2032FFFA8AF2FD06B0F26C574763C" box="[530,614,260,285]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,604,627]" captionText="TABLE 1. External and craniodental measurements (in mm) and statistical comparison (Mann-Whitney U- test) between I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io. Sample size, mean ± SD, minimum and maximum values are given. *** = P <0.01; ** = P <0.05; NS = not significant. Definition of measurements is provided in Materials and Methods section." pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The ears are relatively large (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA8AF2FD1BC0F26C318763C" box="[965,1034,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1503,1525]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1481]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,625,1481]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ia io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.159 (paratype), female, from peninsular Thailand. Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043800/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), with an E of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA8AF2FD6C90F26C247763C" box="[1200,1365,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5949999999999998" metricValueMax="2.67" metricValueMin="2.52" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="25.95" valueMax="26.7" valueMin="25.2">25.2–26.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and a rounded tip. The anterior border of the pinna is rounded, and the anterior rim is thickened; the posterior border is somewhat wrinkled. The tragus is typical and short, with TRG of 10.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA8AF2FD1C70F6EC3307644" box="[958,1058,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="11.3">11.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and slightly projected anteriorly. The dorsal pelage is dark brown and the ventral pelage is greyish-brown with an apparent whitish-brown ring across the chest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA8AF2FD3220FB6C6B0768C" box="[347,418,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1503,1525]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1481]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,625,1481]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ia io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.159 (paratype), female, from peninsular Thailand. Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043800/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The hairs on the lower part of belly, the flanks and on those parts of the wings that are closest to the body are somewhat orange brown. The wing and tail membranes are dark brown. The wing membrane attaches to the middle of the outer metatarsus of each foot. The tail is long, with TL of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA8AF2FD68B0FFEC28B76D4" box="[1266,1433,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.865" metricValueMax="7.45" metricValueMin="6.279999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="68.65" valueMax="74.5" valueMin="62.8">62.8–74.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The foot is almost naked, except at the base of the claw where there are some very short hairs. The foot length is about half that of the tibia; HF and TIB are 15.0–18.0 mm and
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA8AF2FD1210C06C4EF751C" box="[856,1021,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.315" metricValueMax="3.6399999999999997" metricValueMin="2.9899999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="33.15" valueMax="36.4" valueMin="29.9">29.9–36.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F661CFFA8AF2FD2EE0BFDC29E72D5" box="[151,1420,1503,1525]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043800/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" targetBox="[151,1436,625,1481]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA8AF2FD2EE0BFDC29E72D5" blockId="5.[151,1420,1503,1525]" box="[151,1420,1503,1525]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA8AF2FD2EE0BFDC60072D4" bold="true" box="[151,274,1503,1525]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D17FFA8AF2FD3600BC2C6D672D5" box="[281,452,1503,1525]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" status="subsp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA8AF2FD3600BC2C6D672D5" box="[281,452,1503,1525]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Ia io peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA8AF2FD3B20BFDC55372D4" bold="true" box="[459,577,1503,1524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757FDFFA8AF2FD3B20BFDC55372D4" box="[459,577,1503,1524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, PSUZC-MM2012.159 (paratype), female, from peninsular Thailand. Not to scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA8AF2FD2BE0803C6F37003" blockId="5.[151,1437,1569,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">
|
||
The skull is robust, with a GTL and CCL of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA8AF2FD0CA0800C4637119" box="[691,881,1570,1594]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0215" metricValueMax="3.113" metricValueMin="2.93" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="30.215" valueMax="31.13" valueMin="29.3">29.30–31.13 mm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA8AF2FD1DF0800C3747119" box="[934,1126,1570,1594]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.791" metricValueMax="2.87" metricValueMin="2.712" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="27.91" valueMax="28.7" valueMin="27.12">27.12–28.70 mm</quantity>
|
||
, respectively (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C2032FFFA8AF2FD77F0803C24B711A" box="[1286,1369,1569,1594]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,604,627]" captionText="TABLE 1. External and craniodental measurements (in mm) and statistical comparison (Mann-Whitney U- test) between I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io. Sample size, mean ± SD, minimum and maximum values are given. *** = P <0.01; ** = P <0.05; NS = not significant. Definition of measurements is provided in Materials and Methods section." pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The inner upper incisor (
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA8AF2FD3F9086BC6817173" box="[384,403,1605,1633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">I1</date>
|
||
) is unicuspid and relatively large, about one thirds that of the upper canine (C1) in height (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA8AF2FD2E6084DC7F671A7" box="[159,228,1647,1672]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The outer incisor (
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA8AF2FD3B2084DC6CF715A" box="[459,477,1644,1671]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">I2</date>
|
||
), however, is very small with the height only about one third that of the
|
||
<date id="FFFE1054FFA8AF2FD76D0852C23E71A7" box="[1300,1324,1644,1671]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">I1.</date>
|
||
The C1 is large, more than twice that of the second upper premolar (P4) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA8AF2FD13308B7C489718E" box="[842,923,1685,1710]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
). The first lower premolar (P2) is rounded; the second lower premolar (P4) is somewhat square in outline (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA8AF2FD14D089EC49471F5" box="[820,902,1724,1749]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
). The anterior basal cusps of both P2 and P4 are poorly developed. The talonids of the first (M1) and second lower molars (M2) are about equal to that of their respective trigonids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA8AF2FD3FB0928C6C67003" box="[386,468,1802,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA8AF2FD2BE090CC25D704B" blockId="5.[151,1437,1569,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">
|
||
The baculum is small,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA8AF2FD3BE090DC50C7066" box="[455,542,1839,1863]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, with a somewhat unbalanced X-shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA8AF2FD62B090CC3847067" box="[1106,1174,1838,1863]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1082,1104]" captionTargetBox="[257,1339,202,1052]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[229,1363,195,1074]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Dorsal (left) and ventral view (right) of the baculum of I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043804/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) and with the tip much narrower than the basal end. There is a deep median notch at the tip and a more pronounced one at the base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA8AF2CD2BE0954C3F87551" blockId="5.[151,1437,1569,2007]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,625]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="579" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA8AF2FD2BE0954C67F70AF" bold="true" box="[199,365,1910,1935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
The new subspecies,
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA8AF2FD01F0954C5FB70AF" box="[614,745,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
, has a larger body size than the nominate form,
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA8AF2FD7770955C23670AE" box="[1294,1316,1911,1934]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">io</emphasis>
|
||
(mean FA 80.4 vs
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA8AF2FD28B09B8C6487092" box="[242,346,1946,1971]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.52" pageId="5" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="75.2">75.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C2032FFFA8AF2FD31E09B8C6A97093" box="[359,443,1946,1971]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,604,627]" captionText="TABLE 1. External and craniodental measurements (in mm) and statistical comparison (Mann-Whitney U- test) between I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io. Sample size, mean ± SD, minimum and maximum values are given. *** = P <0.01; ** = P <0.05; NS = not significant. Definition of measurements is provided in Materials and Methods section." pageId="5" pageNumber="578">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The hair of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA8AF2FD02509B8C5CD7093" box="[604,735,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
is uniformly dark brown on both the dorsal and ventral sides with a distinct whitish collar over the chest between the shoulders, not observed in
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA8AF2FD631099DC34C70F6" box="[1096,1118,1983,2006]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">io</emphasis>
|
||
. The skull of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA8AF2FD687099CC29370F7" box="[1278,1409,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="578">peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
is more heavily built (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFABAF2CD30B0EB8C6A77793" box="[370,437,154,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), and larger than that of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD0BF0EBEC5CE7793" box="[710,732,156,179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">io</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C2032FFFABAF2CD0930EB8C42F7793" box="[746,829,154,179]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,604,627]" captionText="TABLE 1. External and craniodental measurements (in mm) and statistical comparison (Mann-Whitney U- test) between I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io. Sample size, mean ± SD, minimum and maximum values are given. *** = P <0.01; ** = P <0.05; NS = not significant. Definition of measurements is provided in Materials and Methods section." pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). For example, the GTL and C1–M3 of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD6890EB8C2617793" box="[1264,1395,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
are significantly larger and do not overlap with
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD0F70EE0C5B677F9" box="[654,676,194,217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">io</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C2032FFFABAF2CD0CD0EE3C41977FA" box="[692,779,193,218]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,604,627]" captionText="TABLE 1. External and craniodental measurements (in mm) and statistical comparison (Mann-Whitney U- test) between I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io. Sample size, mean ± SD, minimum and maximum values are given. *** = P <0.01; ** = P <0.05; NS = not significant. Definition of measurements is provided in Materials and Methods section." pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFABAF2CD1620EE3C47277FA" box="[795,864,193,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1998,2020]" captionTargetBox="[201,1384,1195,1968]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,1394,1184,1977]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Biplot between skull length and maxillary toothrow length of I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043806/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). The upper canine (C1) of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD6E20EE3C20C77FA" box="[1179,1310,193,218]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
is massive and subequal to that of the first upper molar (M1) in crown area, whereas it is only about two-thirds in
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD7330ECBC2727620" box="[1354,1376,233,256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">io</emphasis>
|
||
. The height of the C1 of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD3100F2DC6FE7608" box="[361,492,271,296]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
is more than twice that of the P4 but it is only about twice that of the P
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFABAF2CD6820F2EC20D7608" box="[1275,1311,268,296]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="6" pageNumber="579" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD75C0F32C2297607" box="[1317,1339,272,295]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">io</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFABAF2CD7330F2DC29F7607" box="[1354,1421,271,296]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD2CD0F11C625766C" box="[180,311,307,332]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
, the crown area of the first lower premolar (P2) is larger, more than half that of the second (P4), but in
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD2EE0F79C7BF7652" box="[151,173,347,370]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">io</emphasis>
|
||
the crown area of P2 is less than half that of the P4 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFABAF2CD08E0F78C42E7652" box="[759,828,346,371]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The second lower premolar (P4) is somewhat square rather than rectangular in
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD3BD0FA0C6C876B9" box="[452,474,386,409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">io</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFABAF2CD3950FA2C52076B9" box="[492,562,384,409]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[183,1454,191,1821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a) I. io peninsulata subsp. nov., PSUZC-MM 2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b) I. io io BMNH. 2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). According to the PCA based on the correlation matrix of 11 craniodental measurements of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D46FD1DFFABAF2CD3270F87C6EB769D" box="[350,505,420,445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579" type="generic">19 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, the first two components (PC1 and PC2) explain 92.85% of total variation (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C2032FFFABAF2CD7250F86C7B576C1" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,239,672,695]" captionText="TABLE 2. Factor loading scores of each character and variance explained of the first two principal components." pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
), and it clearly separates specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD01B0FE8C56A76C1" box="[610,632,458,481]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">io</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD0C90FEAC42176C1" box="[688,819,456,481]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
into two different groups (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFABAF2CD61D0FEAC3BB76C1" box="[1124,1193,456,481]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1031,1053]" captionTargetBox="[164,1388,212,1004]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1009]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Principal component analysis based on 12 craniodental measurements of I. io peninsulata subsp. nov. and I. io io. Factor loading scores are in table 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043808/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The baculum of the new subspecies is smaller and looks substantially different from the specimen of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD6440FCFC3417524" box="[1085,1107,493,516]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">io</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFABAF2CD6E50FCEC3C47525" box="[1180,1238,492,517]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
as described and illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B65FFABAF2CD3540C32C6D07509" author="Topal" box="[301,450,528,553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579" refString="Topal, G. (1970) The first record of Ia io Thomas, 1902 in Vietnam and India, and some remarks on the taxonomic position of Parascotomanes beaulieu Bourret, 1942, Ia longimana Pen, 1962, and the genus Ia Thomas, 1902 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Opuscula Zoologica Budapestinensis, 10, 341 - 347." type="journal article" year="1970">Topál (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which is
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFABAF2CD04E0C33C59C7508" box="[567,654,529,553]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="579" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and somewhat triangular in shape without median notch at the tip (see figure 2,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B65FFABAF2CD3FF0C16C51B756D" author="Topal" box="[390,521,564,589]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579" refString="Topal, G. (1970) The first record of Ia io Thomas, 1902 in Vietnam and India, and some remarks on the taxonomic position of Parascotomanes beaulieu Bourret, 1942, Ia longimana Pen, 1962, and the genus Ia Thomas, 1902 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Opuscula Zoologica Budapestinensis, 10, 341 - 347." type="journal article" year="1970">Topál 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The baculum of a specimen from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F876FFABAF2CD1D80C16C338756D" box="[929,1066,564,589]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
|
||
, northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFABAF2CD6E70C16C210756D" box="[1182,1282,564,589]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(CDWRS-B- 087) is without median notch at the tip and very similar to the specimen described in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B65FFABAF2CD62B0C7AC3F47551" author="Topal" box="[1106,1254,600,625]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579" refString="Topal, G. (1970) The first record of Ia io Thomas, 1902 in Vietnam and India, and some remarks on the taxonomic position of Parascotomanes beaulieu Bourret, 1942, Ia longimana Pen, 1962, and the genus Ia Thomas, 1902 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Opuscula Zoologica Budapestinensis, 10, 341 - 347." type="journal article" year="1970">Topál (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F661CFFABAF2CD2EE0C82C2547597" box="[151,1350,672,695]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFABAF2CD2EE0C82C2547597" blockId="6.[151,1350,672,695]" box="[151,1350,672,695]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD2EE0C82C61B7597" bold="true" box="[151,265,672,695]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Factor loading scores of each character and variance explained of the first two principal components.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFABAF2CD2E60CF1C3947216" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<table id="F940C434FFAB50D5D2E60CF1C3947216" box="[159,1158,723,1334]" gridcols="3" gridrows="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60CF1C39475C9" box="[159,1158,723,745]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60CF1C67375C9" box="[159,353,723,745]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Characters</th>
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0CF1C42275C9" box="[738,816,723,745]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">PC1</th>
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0CF1C39475C9" box="[1093,1158,723,745]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">PC2</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60CDEC3947432" box="[159,1158,764,786]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60CDEC6737432" box="[159,353,764,786]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">GTL</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0CDEC4227432" box="[738,816,764,786]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0CDEC3947432" box="[1093,1158,764,786]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">-0.14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60D04C394741C" box="[159,1158,806,828]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60D04C673741C" box="[159,353,806,828]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">CBL</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0D04C422741C" box="[738,816,806,828]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.45</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0D04C394741C" box="[1093,1158,806,828]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">-0.15</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60D6DC3947445" box="[159,1158,847,869]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60D6DC6737445" box="[159,353,847,869]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">CCL</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0D6DC4227445" box="[738,816,847,869]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.40</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0D6DC3947445" box="[1093,1158,847,869]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">-0.18</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60D5AC39474AE" box="[159,1158,888,910]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60D5AC67374AE" box="[159,353,888,910]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">ZB</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0D5AC42274AE" box="[738,816,888,910]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.30</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0D5AC39474AE" box="[1093,1158,888,910]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.66</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60D80C3947498" box="[159,1158,930,952]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60D80C6737498" box="[159,353,930,952]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">BB</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0D80C4227498" box="[738,816,930,952]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.11</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0D80C3947498" box="[1093,1158,930,952]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.34</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60DE9C39474C1" box="[159,1158,971,993]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60DE9C67374C1" box="[159,353,971,993]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">MW</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0DE9C42274C1" box="[738,816,971,993]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.22</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0DE9C39474C1" box="[1093,1158,971,993]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.20</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60DD6C394732A" box="[159,1158,1012,1034]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60DD6C673732A" box="[159,353,1012,1034]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">PC</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0DD6C422732A" box="[738,816,1012,1034]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.08</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0DD6C394732A" box="[1093,1158,1012,1034]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.20</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60A3FC3947316" box="[159,1158,1053,1078]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60A3FC6737316" box="[159,353,1053,1078]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">C1-M3</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0A3FC4227316" box="[738,816,1053,1078]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.22</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0A3FC3947316" box="[1093,1158,1053,1078]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">-0.29</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60A6BC3947342" box="[159,1158,1097,1122]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60A6BC6737342" box="[159,353,1097,1122]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">C1-C1</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0A6BC4227342" box="[738,816,1097,1122]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.19</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0A6BC3947342" box="[1093,1158,1097,1122]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.09</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60A57C39473AE" box="[159,1158,1141,1166]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60A57C67373AE" box="[159,353,1141,1166]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">M3-M3</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0A57C42273AE" box="[738,816,1141,1166]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.18</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0A57C39473AE" box="[1093,1158,1141,1166]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.00</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60A83C3947397" box="[159,1158,1185,1207]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60A83C6737397" box="[159,353,1185,1207]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">RW</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0A83C4227397" box="[738,816,1185,1207]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.25</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0A83C3947397" box="[1093,1158,1185,1207]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.18</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60AE9C39473C4" box="[159,1158,1227,1252]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60AE9C67373C4" box="[159,353,1227,1252]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">C1-M3</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0AE9C42273C4" box="[738,816,1227,1252]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.22</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0AE9C39473C4" box="[1093,1158,1227,1252]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">-0.40</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60AD5C394722D" box="[159,1158,1271,1293]" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60AD5C673722D" box="[159,353,1271,1293]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Eigenvalue</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0AD5C422722D" box="[738,816,1271,1293]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">5.59</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0AD5C394722D" box="[1093,1158,1271,1293]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">0.18</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357034D6FFAB50D5D2E60B02C3947216" box="[159,1158,1312,1334]" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<th id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D2E60B02C6737216" box="[159,353,1312,1334]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Variance explained</th>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D09B0B02C4227216" box="[738,816,1312,1334]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">89.95%</td>
|
||
<td id="76A15DAAFFAB50D5D63C0B02C3947216" box="[1093,1158,1312,1334]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">2.90%</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A651FFFABAF2CD2BE0B54C4E571F4" pageId="6" pageNumber="579" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFABAF2CD2BE0B54C4E571F4" blockId="6.[151,1436,1398,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD2BE0B54C62772AF" bold="true" box="[199,309,1398,1423]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Genetics.</emphasis>
|
||
Among other vespertilionids,
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD0EE0B5AC5DA72AF" box="[663,712,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">I. io</emphasis>
|
||
is a sister species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D17FFABAF2CD1BE0B55C32E72AF" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[967,1084,1399,1423]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotomanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD1BE0B55C32E72AF" box="[967,1084,1399,1423]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">S. ornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFABAF2CD6360B54C38472AF" box="[1103,1174,1398,1423]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[162,1422,1146,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,1133,1901]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Bayesian tree using HKY + I + G nucleotide substitution model based on the mitochondrial COI gene of Ia io and other vespertilionids as outgroup. The node labels indicate posterior probability values. Samples included in this analysis are listed in Appendix." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043810/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). The genetic distance based on COI gene between the two species is 18.85%. The new subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD6650BB9C38D7294" box="[1052,1183,1435,1460]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
clusters together in a monophyletic clade with specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD0330BE2C57272F7" box="[586,608,1472,1495]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">io</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFABAF2CD0DD0B9CC5F872F7" box="[676,746,1470,1495]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFABAF2CD08D0BE2C43F72F7" box="[756,813,1472,1495]" name="Laos" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFABAF2CD1410BE2C4B772F8" box="[824,933,1472,1496]" name="Myanmar" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFABAF2CD6390B9CC3B672F7" box="[1088,1188,1470,1495]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFABAF2CD6CB0B9CC3E472F7" box="[1202,1270,1470,1495]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[162,1422,1146,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,1133,1901]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Bayesian tree using HKY + I + G nucleotide substitution model based on the mitochondrial COI gene of Ia io and other vespertilionids as outgroup. The node labels indicate posterior probability values. Samples included in this analysis are listed in Appendix." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043810/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). The pairwise genetic distance between the two subspecies is relatively low, 1.89%, whereas the overall mean distance between
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD7F50BC6C7BF713F" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">I. io</emphasis>
|
||
specimens analysed in this study is 2.6% based on COI. The topology of the phylogenetic tree based on the preliminary analysis of CytB gene (with only one specimen of the new subspecies available) is very similar to that of the COI, but with a distance between the two subspecies of 1.65%. Based on substitution rate, the divergence time can be estimated at approximately 1.2 million years ago (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B65FFABAF2CD1210851C33671AB" author="Thong" box="[856,1060,1651,1676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579" refString="Thong, V. D., Puechmaille, S. J., Denzinger, A., Bates, P. J. J., Dietz, C., Csorba, G., Soisook, P., Teeling, E. C., Matsumura, S., Furey, N. M. & Schnitzler, H. U. (2012) Systematics of the Hipposideros turpis complex and a description of a new subspecies from Vietnam. Mammal Review, 42, 166 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2907.2011.00202. x" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Thong
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD1D30856C4F171AC" box="[938,995,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or during one of the Pleistocene glacial periods. Further genetic analysis with additional samples and nuclear markers for a more accurate divergence time is currently being carried out (P. Soisook, unpublished data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A651FFFABAF20D2BE08FCC5BD7116" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="583" pageId="6" pageNumber="579" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFABAF2CD2BE08FCC57C70D4" blockId="6.[151,1436,1398,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD2BE08FCC67B71D7" bold="true" box="[199,361,1758,1783]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Echolocation.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD30808C2C53A71D7" box="[369,552,1758,1783]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Ia i. peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD05608FCC5A171D7" bold="true" box="[559,691,1758,1783]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757FDFFABAF2CD05608FCC5A171D7" box="[559,691,1758,1783]" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
emits a multi-harmonic frequency modulated (FM) call. Based on the calls recorded from two individuals (one male and one female), the call comprises four harmonics and the maximum energy is found in the first (bottom) harmonic with an
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD10E0905C4A8701F" box="[887,954,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">fmaxe</emphasis>
|
||
of 23.6–27.4 kHz. The start frequency (
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD7F90905C281701F" box="[1408,1427,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">sf</emphasis>
|
||
) and terminal frequency (
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD3B80969C6C27043" box="[449,464,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">tf</emphasis>
|
||
) are of 76.5–92.3 and 11.8–14.2 kHz, respectively. In terms of frequency, it is comparable with the recording of a hand-released individual of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD10B0952C4B370A7" box="[882,929,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">I. io</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984F876FFABAF2CD190094CC32F70A7" box="[1001,1085,1902,1927]" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Kachin</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Upper
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFABAF2CD6E00952C21A70A8" box="[1177,1288,1904,1928]" name="Myanmar" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, that emitted FM calls with a
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD32D09B1C675708B" box="[340,359,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">sf</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD3D809B1C6A2708B" box="[417,432,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">tf</emphasis>
|
||
of 80.9–82.9 kHz, and 14.9–16.3 kHz, respectively; the
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFABAF2CD64509B1C36D708B" box="[1084,1151,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">famxe</emphasis>
|
||
was 26.0–33.9 kHz, and was also found in the bottom harmonic. However, the call of the individual from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFABAF2CD614099AC3C870F0" box="[1133,1242,1976,2000]" name="Myanmar" pageId="6" pageNumber="579">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
comprises three harmonics (P. Soisook, unpublished data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F661CFFAAAF2DD2EE0960C2987056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043802/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="580" targetBox="[183,1454,191,1821]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFAAAF2DD2EE0960C2987056" blockId="7.[151,1436,1858,1911]" pageId="7" pageNumber="580">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFAAAF2DD2EE0960C6017077" bold="true" box="[151,275,1858,1880]" pageId="7" pageNumber="580">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison of the cranial and dental characters between (a)
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFAAAF2DD1FF0961C33F7078" box="[902,1069,1858,1880]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="580">I. io peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFAAAF2DD64D0960C3B97077" bold="true" box="[1076,1195,1858,1879]" pageId="7" pageNumber="580">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757FDFFAAAF2DD64D0960C3B97077" box="[1076,1195,1858,1879]" pageId="7" pageNumber="580">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, PSUZC-MM2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand, and (b)
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFAAAF2DD0DE0940C5F87056" box="[679,746,1889,1911]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="580">I. io io</emphasis>
|
||
BMNH.2.6.10.2 (holotype), male, from China. Scale bar = 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F661CFFA5AF22D2EE0A18C401734F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043804/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="581" targetBox="[257,1339,202,1052]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA5AF22D2EE0A18C401734F" blockId="8.[151,1436,1082,1135]" pageId="8" pageNumber="581">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA5AF22D2EE0A18C604736F" bold="true" box="[151,278,1082,1104]" pageId="8" pageNumber="581">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal (left) and ventral view (right) of the baculum of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA5AF22D10E0A19C3367370" box="[887,1060,1082,1104]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="581">I. io peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA5AF22D6570A18C3BA736F" bold="true" box="[1070,1192,1082,1103]" pageId="8" pageNumber="581">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757FDFFA5AF22D6570A18C3BA736F" box="[1070,1192,1082,1103]" pageId="8" pageNumber="581">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, PSUZC-MM2012.158 (holotype), male, from peninsular Thailand. Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F661CFFA5AF22D2EE09ECC23A70C4" box="[151,1320,1998,2020]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043806/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="581" targetBox="[201,1384,1195,1968]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA5AF22D2EE09ECC23A70C4" blockId="8.[151,1320,1998,2020]" box="[151,1320,1998,2020]" pageId="8" pageNumber="581">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA5AF22D2EE09ECC60070C4" bold="true" box="[151,274,1998,2020]" pageId="8" pageNumber="581">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Biplot between skull length and maxillary toothrow length of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA5AF22D1F209EDC32270C4" box="[907,1072,1998,2020]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="581">I. io peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA5AF22D64E09EDC3BF70C4" bold="true" box="[1079,1197,1999,2020]" pageId="8" pageNumber="581">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757FDFFA5AF22D64E09EDC3BF70C4" box="[1079,1197,1999,2020]" pageId="8" pageNumber="581">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA5AF22D6A609EDC23070C4" box="[1247,1314,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="581">I. io io</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F661CFFA4AF23D2EE0A25C512731B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043808/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="582" targetBox="[164,1388,212,1004]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA4AF23D2EE0A25C512731B" blockId="9.[151,1435,1031,1083]" pageId="9" pageNumber="582">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA4AF23D2EE0A25C600733C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1031,1053]" pageId="9" pageNumber="582">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Principal component analysis based on 12 craniodental measurements of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA4AF23D1860A2AC3B6733D" box="[1023,1188,1031,1053]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="582">I. io peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA4AF23D6D20A25C233733C" bold="true" box="[1195,1313,1031,1052]" pageId="9" pageNumber="582">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757FDFFA4AF23D6D20A25C233733C" box="[1195,1313,1031,1052]" pageId="9" pageNumber="582">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA4AF23D72A0A2AC284733D" box="[1363,1430,1032,1053]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="582">I. io io</emphasis>
|
||
. Factor loading scores are in table 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F661CFFA4AF23D2EE09A1C64B70F6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043810/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="582" targetBox="[162,1422,1146,1892]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA4AF23D2EE09A1C64B70F6" blockId="9.[151,1436,1923,2006]" pageId="9" pageNumber="582">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA4AF23D2EE09A1C60670B8" bold="true" box="[151,276,1923,1945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="582">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Bayesian tree using HKY+I+G nucleotide substitution model based on the mitochondrial COI gene of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA4AF23D74609A6C26270B9" box="[1343,1392,1924,1945]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="582">Ia io</emphasis>
|
||
and other vespertilionids as outgroup. The node labels indicate posterior probability values. Samples included in this analysis are listed in Appendix.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F661CFFA7AF20D2EE0A35C66C734A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043812/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="583" targetBox="[166,1421,195,1013]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA7AF20D2EE0A35C66C734A" blockId="10.[151,1436,1047,1130]" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D2EE0A35C600730C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1047,1069]" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Bayesian phylogram using GTR+I+G nucleotide substitution model based on the mitochondrial CytB gene of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D7140A3AC28E730D" box="[1389,1436,1048,1069]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">Ia io</emphasis>
|
||
and other vespertilionids as outgroup. The node labels indicate posterior probability values. Samples included in this analysis are listed in Appendix.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA7AF20D2BE0AB3C5BD7116" blockId="10.[151,1437,1169,1698]" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D2BE0AB3C6E9738A" bold="true" box="[199,507,1169,1194]" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
At Panturat Cave, during a day visit by PS, four individuals of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D69F0AB1C28E738A" box="[1254,1436,1169,1194]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">I. i. peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
were found. Three were hanging together on the cave ceiling at about
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA7AF20D1BC0A94C4E173ED" box="[965,1011,1206,1230]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="583" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
|
||
above the cave floor, the fourth was hanging singly on the cave wall about
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA7AF20D0350AF8C56A73D1" box="[588,632,1242,1266]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="583" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
|
||
above the cave floor.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D10B0AF9C4B573D2" box="[882,935,1243,1266]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">Ia io</emphasis>
|
||
shared the roost with over 40 individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D17FFA7AF20D2EE0ADFC64A7236" authorityName="E. Geoffroy" authorityYear="1810" box="[151,344,1277,1302]" class="Mammalia" family="Megadermatidae" genus="Megaderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="583" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lyra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D2EE0ADFC64A7236" box="[151,344,1277,1302]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">Megaderma lyra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the inner parts of the cave. The first chamber of the cave was occupied by colonies of approximately 700 individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D17FFA7AF20D0650B03C450721A" authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1936" box="[540,834,1313,1338]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="583" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pendleburyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D0650B03C450721A" box="[540,834,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">Hipposideros pendleburyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and approximately 200 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D17FFA7AF20D6050B03C286721A" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1841" box="[1148,1428,1313,1338]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Taphozous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="583" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopogon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D6050B03C286721A" box="[1148,1428,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">Taphozous melanopogon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There were feathers of several bird species found scattered on the cave floor, with at least one identified as the Asian paradise flycatcher (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D17FFA7AF20D3B10B4BC5A572A2" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[456,695,1385,1410]" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" genus="Terpsiphone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="583" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paradisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D3B10B4BC5A572A2" box="[456,695,1385,1410]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">Terpsiphone paradisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). It is probable that either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C404D17FFA7AF20D1900B49C32E72A2" authorityName="E. Geoffroy" authorityYear="1810" box="[1001,1084,1385,1410]" class="Mammalia" family="Megadermatidae" genus="Megaderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="583" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lyra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D1900B49C32E72A2" box="[1001,1084,1385,1410]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">M. lyra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and/or
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D6EC0B49C25A72A2" box="[1173,1352,1385,1410]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">I. i. peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
hunted them since both bat species are known to feed on birds (i.e.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B65FFA7AF20D1480BACC3257286" author="Bates" box="[817,1079,1421,1446]" pageId="10" pageNumber="583" refString="Bates, P. J. J. & Harrison, D. L. (1997) Bats of the Indian Subcontinent. Harrison Zoological Museum Publications, Sevenoaks, 258 pp." type="book" year="1997">Bates & Harrison 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, a preliminary faecal analysis of an individual of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D3AF0B91C59B72EA" box="[470,649,1457,1482]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">I. i. peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
from this cave indicated that beetles (Coleoptera) were the preferred prey (over 90% by volume) with no fragment of a vertebrate found (A. Samoh, pers. comm.). At Tham Lot Cave (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB8836FFA7AF20D2E70BD8C7C27132" box="[158,208,1530,1554]" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality), a tightly packed group of about 10 individuals of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D1070BD9C3237132" box="[894,1073,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">I. i. peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
was found roosting together on the cave ceiling about
|
||
<quantity id="4CB89B71FFA7AF20D3EA083CC6AC7115" box="[403,446,1566,1590]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="583" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
|
||
above the cave floor.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A651FFFA7AF20D2BE0863C3327182" pageId="10" pageNumber="583" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF3694FFA7AF20D2BE0863C3327182" blockId="10.[151,1437,1169,1698]" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">
|
||
The subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D3FB0863C517717A" box="[386,517,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">peninsulata</emphasis>
|
||
is currently known from three localities in peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3577604FFA7AF20D6F60863C3E1717A" box="[1167,1267,1601,1626]" name="Thailand" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B2A11FFA7AF20D77E0863C25F717A" box="[1287,1357,1601,1626]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1293,1315]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,367,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,367,1281]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of the localities of specimens of Ia io analysed in this study; black dots = specimens examined for morphological analysis only; red dots = specimens used for genetic analysis only; half black / red dots = specimens used for both morphological and genetic analyses. Type localities of the nominate subspecies io and the new subspecies peninsulata, as well as the other two synonyms, Ia longimana and Parascotomanes beaulieui, are indicated. The grey shaded area is the known distribution of Ia io based on data in the IUCN Red List." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043798/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). This extends the range of
|
||
<emphasis id="B934EA86FFA7AF20D3F10845C6AA715D" box="[392,440,1638,1662]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="583">I. io</emphasis>
|
||
southward to the Sundaic Subregion. However, further survey in limestone karst areas may reveal that it is more common and widespread in the Thai-Malay Peninsula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |