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<document id="907251EF2AECD1CAC9C6301A929D6B3A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2182.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5316544" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629628139099" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Norrbom, Allen L. &amp; Korytkowski, Cheslavo A." docDate="2009" docId="03E887C3FFB9FFB3FF680ACDFA833CD5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02182p091.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2182 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2182.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Anastrepha rafaeli Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski 2009, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FFD1FFBBFF89FF82FFFF0950FFF23B21" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Anastrepha robusta species group (Diptera: Tephritidae) 2182" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1699086476924" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="B7141733958E6421DDA21FA678FC571D">A revision of the Anastrepha robusta species group (Diptera: Tephritidae) 2182</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9D16E8B21E45699A35E346FB050E64AF">Norrbom, Allen L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0444F6348E49B1CCF3CB028B310A4E0E">Korytkowski, Cheslavo A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="AD3383BDB6F2DBD512B30C108409474E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5EC501CF29DB1B3E955B30F876507640">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9BE0C437A92F12D6EA7A384621632DCF">2009-08-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8D0FEB7812CB7A3B7A2AE866E316C180">2182</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="2D592559A9E80E223BBE1E3E3D11A7EA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="84BBBF3AED31384BCDC1D62876F5AF13" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2182.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="32C80C0B46FF1C48F1DF1E14B3BD2A6E" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E887C3FFB9FFB3FF680ACDFA833CD5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5325601" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5325601" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E887C3FFB9FFB3FF680ACDFA833CD5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E887C3FFB9FFB3FF680ACDFA833CD5" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="C35B655EFFB9FFB2FF680ACDFDEA3896" box="[151,536,925,951]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB9FFB2FF680ACDFDEA3896" blockId="48.[151,536,925,986]" box="[151,536,925,951]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="D0B681B9FFB9FFB2FF680ACDFDEA3896" bold="true" box="[151,536,925,951]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB9FFB2FF680ACDFDEA3896" bold="true" box="[151,536,925,951]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D56FFB9FFB2FF680ACDFE8B3896" ID-CoL="9HH57" authority="Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski, 2009" authorityName="Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,377,925,951]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rafaeli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB9FFB2FF680ACDFE8B3896" bold="true" box="[151,377,925,951]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Anastrepha rafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657BCFFB9FFB2FE760ACDFDEA3896" box="[393,536,925,951]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35B655EFFB9FFB2FF680A90FE1F38FB" box="[151,493,960,986]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB9FFB2FF680A90FE1F38FB" blockId="48.[151,536,925,986]" box="[151,493,960,986]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<figureCitation id="137A2A50FFB9FFB2FF680A90FF0438FB" box="[151,246,960,986]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–13" captionStartId="67.[151,269,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1403,209,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-54@67.[173,1413,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 10–13. Habitus female, dorsal: 10, A. nigra (Panama: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00215492); 11, A. rafaeli (Brazil: Ilha de Maraca); 12, A. robusta (Costa Rica: Est. Maritza, INBio000763683); 13, A. speciosa (Panama: Migdalia Fuentes, USNMENT00213669); bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316552/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A50FFB9FFB2FEFC0A90FED138FB" box="[259,291,960,986]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–62" captionStartId="72.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,191,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-73@72.[151,1436,174,1708]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 54–62. Wings: 54, A. pseudorobusta (Venezuela: C. Bolívar, USNMENT00216401); 55, A. rafaeli (Brazil: Ilha de Maraca, USNMENT0052106); 56–57, A. robusta (Panamá: Villa Myrtha, USNMENT00671154; Arraijan, USNMENT00052109); 58, A. rojasi (Panamá: Barro Colorado Is., USNMENT00216154); 59–60, A. simulans (Brazil: Tijuca, USNMENT00216398; Peruibe, USNMENT00216170); 61–62, A. speciosa (male, Panamá: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00216166; female, Arraijan, USNMENT00052105)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316566/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">55</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A50FFB9FFB2FED00A90FE8938FB" box="[303,379,960,986]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–90" captionStartId="75.[151,269,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[213,1389,194,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-61@75.[200,1398,194,1866]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 82–90. Eversible membranes: 82–83, A. nigrifascia (USA: Big Pine Key, USNMENT00216472; Key West, USNMENT00216381); 84, A. nigrivittata (holotype); 85, A. partita (holotype); 86, A. pittieri (Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT0052102); 87–88, A. pseudorobusta (holotype; Venezuela: C. Bolívar, USNMENT00216401); 89–90, A. rafaeli (Brazil: Ilha de Maraca, USNMENT0052106)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316574/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">89–90</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A50FFB9FFB2FE780A90FE4738FB" box="[391,437,960,986]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–148" captionStartId="80.[151,269,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,206,1679]" captionTargetId="figure-122@80.[155,1440,194,1685]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 131–148. Aculei (ventral or lateral): 130, A. nigrivittata (holotype); 131, A. partita (holotype); 132–133, A. pittieri (Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT0052102); 134–136, A. pseudorobusta (holotype; Venezuela: C. Bolivar, USNMENT00216401); 137, A. rafaeli (Brazil: Ilha de Maraca, USNMENT0052106); 138–139, A. robusta (Panamá: El Cermeño, USNMENT00216357); 140, A. rojasi (Costa Rica: Hitoy Cerere, INBio0003033725); 141, A. simulans (Brazil: S. José Pinhais, USNMENT00216238); 142, A. speciosa (Panama: El Cermeño, USNMENT00216291). Aculeus tips: 143, A. amaryllis (lateral; image by J.O. Tigrero); 144, A. amazonensis (holotype); 145, A. binodosa (Brazil: Santarem, USNMENT00104291); 146, A. cryptostrepha (Surinam: Paramaribo, USNMENT00216571); 147, A. fenestrata (Brazil: Rio Trombetas, USNMENT00052104); 148, A. fenestrella (Panamá)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361991/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">137</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A50FFB9FFB2FE3E0A90FE1F38FB" box="[449,493,960,986]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–163" captionStartId="81.[151,269,1481,1505]" captionTargetBox="[166,1431,209,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-99@81.[151,1436,194,1457]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 149–163. Aculeus tips (ventral or lateral): 149, A. furcata (Panamá: La Fortuna, USNMENT00216175); 150, A. isolata (Ecuador: Onkone Gare Camp, USNMENT00054600); 151–152, A. jamaicensis (holotype); 153, A. miza (Venezuela: Cuchime, USNMENT00214907); 154, A. nigra (Panamá: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00215490); 155, A. nigrifascia (USA: Florida); 156, A. nigrivittata (holotype); 157–158, A. partita (holotype); 159, A. pittieri (Venezuela); 160, A. pseudorobusta (Venezuela: C. Bolivar, USNMENT00216401); 161, A. rafaeli (Brazil: Ilha de Maraca); 162, A. rojasi (Costa Rica: Hitoy Cerere, INBio0003033725); 163, A. speciosa (Panamá)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316580/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">161</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B655EFFB9FFB2FF680D5DFB7E3F05" box="[151,1164,1037,1060]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB9FFB2FF680D5DFB7E3F05" blockId="48.[151,1164,1037,1060]" box="[151,1164,1037,1060]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5111FBFFB9FFB2FF680D5DFB7E3F05" box="[151,1164,1037,1060]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D56FFB9FFB2FF680D5DFD863F05" ID-CoL="9HH57" authority="Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski" authorityName="Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,628,1037,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rafaeli">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB9FFB2FF680D5DFEAC3F05" box="[151,350,1037,1060]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Anastrepha rafaeli</emphasis>
Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski
</taxonomicName>
in
<treatmentCitation id="0AE010C4FFB9FFB2FD690D5DFC743F05" author="Korytkowski, C. A." box="[662,902,1037,1060]" page="59" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B24FFB9FFB2FD690D5DFC743F05" author="Korytkowski, C. A." box="[662,902,1037,1060]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref58795" refString="Korytkowski, C. A. (2004) Manual para la identificacion de &quot; moscas de la fruta &quot;. Genero Anastrepha Schiner. Universidad de Panama, Panama. 139 p. [unpublished manual for identification course, names in this work are unavailable for purposes of zoological nomenclature]" type="book" year="2004">Korytkowski 2004: 59</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB9FFB2FC6A0D5DFBDE3F05" box="[917,1068,1037,1060]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">nomen nudum</emphasis>
; in key].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B655EFFB9FFB2FF680D03FCB53E7D" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB9FFB2FF680D03FCB53E7D" blockId="48.[151,1437,1107,1990]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB9FFB2FF680D03FEE53F4C" bold="true" box="[151,279,1107,1133]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C414D56FFB9FFB2FEE10D04FE083F4C" authorityName="Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski" authorityYear="2009" box="[286,506,1108,1133]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rafaeli">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB9FFB2FEE10D04FE083F4C" box="[286,506,1108,1133]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Anastrepha rafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from most species of
<taxonomicName id="4C414D56FFB9FFB2FCAB0D04FC283F4C" authorityName="Schiner" authorityYear="1868" box="[852,986,1108,1133]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB9FFB2FCAB0D04FC283F4C" box="[852,986,1108,1133]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Anastrepha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having an extension from the basal part of the S-band to the posterior wing margin in the middle of cell cu
<subScript id="17C53490FFB9FFB2FC220DDAFC173FB9" attach="left" box="[989,997,1162,1176]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">1</subScript>
that is not connected to the posterior end of the proximal arm of the V-band. It differs from all of the other species having that wing character except
<taxonomicName id="4C414D56FFB9FFB2FF110D9BFE5A3FC5" authorityName="Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski" authorityYear="2009" box="[238,424,1227,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB9FFB2FF110D9BFE5A3FC5" box="[238,424,1227,1252]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">A. amazonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the basomarginal hyaline area in cell r
<subScript id="17C53490FFB9FFB2FBFD0D8BFBF83FC8" attach="left" box="[1026,1034,1243,1257]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">1</subScript>
aligned with or slightly distal to crossvein r-m, and from all of those species except
<taxonomicName id="4C414D56FFB9FFB2FD020DA4FC763E2C" authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1942" box="[765,900,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="speciosa">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB9FFB2FD020DA4FC763E2C" box="[765,900,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">A. speciosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in usually having a brown posterior band on the scutum with a lateral extension to the intra-alar seta. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C414D56FFB9FFB2FBE80C4BFB233E15" authorityName="Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski" authorityYear="2009" box="[1047,1233,1307,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB9FFB2FBE80C4BFB233E15" box="[1047,1233,1307,1332]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">A. amazonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having small hyaline areas in cells br and dm proximal to crossvein r-m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B655EFFB9FFB3FF390C38FE463D05" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB9FFB2FF390C38FF1B3E88" blockId="48.[151,1437,1107,1990]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB9FFB2FF390C38FEAC3EA3" bold="true" box="[198,350,1384,1410]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Description.</emphasis>
Mostly yellow to orange, with white to pale yellow markings. Setae orange brown to dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB9FFB2FF380CE6FCF73D4B" blockId="48.[151,1437,1107,1990]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Head: Yellow to orange except ocellar tubercle brown and often with U-shaped brown mark on posterior half of orbital plate and vertex, touching eye, connected only to posterior side of mark on ocellar tubercle. 3 (rarely 2 or 4) frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, at most 1.5 times as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight to slightly concave dorsally and medially. Antenna extended 0.75–0.85 distance to ventral facial margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB9FFB2FF380F27FD3B3CE7" blockId="48.[151,1437,1107,1990]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
Thorax (
<figureCitation id="137A2A50FFB9FFB2FED10F27FE753DB0" box="[302,391,1655,1681]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–13" captionStartId="67.[151,269,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1403,209,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-54@67.[173,1413,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 10–13. Habitus female, dorsal: 10, A. nigra (Panama: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00215492); 11, A. rafaeli (Brazil: Ilha de Maraca); 12, A. robusta (Costa Rica: Est. Maritza, INBio000763683); 13, A. speciosa (Panama: Migdalia Fuentes, USNMENT00213669); bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316552/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
): Mostly yellow to orange with following areas white or pale yellow (not always well differentiated in dried specimens): postpronotal lobe; quadrate medial area between dorsocentral setae, often diffuse or absent; paired sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture almost to but not including intra-alar seta; entire scutellum; dorsal margin of anepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Posterior margin of scutum with broad brown band, broadest medially, including acrostichal seta and extended almost to dorsocentral seta, laterally with narrower extension including intra-alar seta. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely orange. Mesonotum
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB9FFB2FD340E0FFC8B3C58" box="[715,889,1887,1913]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.075" metricValueMax="3.19" metricValueMin="2.96" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="3.075" valueMax="3.19" valueMin="2.96">2.96–3.19 mm</quantity>
long. Scutum entirely microtrichose; setulae mostly yellow to orange, brownish laterally. Katepisternal seta well developed, nearly as dark as and 0.67 times as large as to subequal to anepimeral seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB8FFB3FF3809C8FF033F26" blockId="49.[151,1436,152,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Wing (
<figureCitation id="137A2A50FFB8FFB3FEE109C8FE8F3B93" box="[286,381,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–62" captionStartId="72.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,191,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-73@72.[151,1436,174,1708]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 54–62. Wings: 54, A. pseudorobusta (Venezuela: C. Bolívar, USNMENT00216401); 55, A. rafaeli (Brazil: Ilha de Maraca, USNMENT0052106); 56–57, A. robusta (Panamá: Villa Myrtha, USNMENT00671154; Arraijan, USNMENT00052109); 58, A. rojasi (Panamá: Barro Colorado Is., USNMENT00216154); 59–60, A. simulans (Brazil: Tijuca, USNMENT00216398; Peruibe, USNMENT00216170); 61–62, A. speciosa (male, Panamá: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00216166; female, Arraijan, USNMENT00052105)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316566/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
): Length
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB8FFB3FE0509C8FD5D3B93" box="[506,687,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="6.83" metricValueMin="6.17" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="6.83" valueMin="6.17">6.17–6.83 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB8FFB3FCED09C8FC353B93" box="[786,967,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.905" metricValueMax="3.07" metricValueMin="2.74" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="2.905" valueMax="3.07" valueMin="2.74">2.74–3.07 mm</quantity>
, ratio 2.11–2.26. Apex of vein R
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FA8F09F8FA8A3B97" attach="left" box="[1392,1400,168,182]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">1</subScript>
at 0.52–0.54 wing length. Cell c 1.14–1.30 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 2.50–2.83 times as long as wide. Vein R
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FED109A8FEB53A27" attach="left" box="[302,327,248,262]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">2+3</subScript>
without sharp bends or undulations. Crossvein r-m at 0.60–0.65 distance from bm-cu to dm-cu on vein M. Vein M only slightly curved apically; cell r
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FCED0872FCDE3A11" attach="left" box="[786,812,290,304]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">4+5</subScript>
1.06–1.22 times as wide at apex as at level of dm-cu. Cell bcu with distal lobe moderately long, length of bcu 1.62–1.70 times as long as anterior margin. Wing pattern mostly dark brown. C-band with cell bc yellowish to subhyaline; cell c yellowish to brownish basally and narrowly brown anteriorly and distally, posteriorly with elongate medial hyaline area, not extended into pterostigma or cell r
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FE7B08EFFE7E3AEC" attach="left" box="[388,396,447,461]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">1</subScript>
; remainder of C-band dark brown. Cell c with elongate nonmicrotrichose posteromedial area small, 0.25–0.50 width of cell. C-band and S-band broadly connected along vein R
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FB6908B9FB5D3AD6" attach="left" box="[1174,1199,489,503]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">4+5</subScript>
; hyaline area in cell br small, usually not reaching vein R
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FDAD0B42FD9E3901" attach="left" box="[594,620,530,544]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">4+5</subScript>
and at most 0.67 times as long as distal brown area of cell; cell dm with basal hyaline area relatively small, but extending to posterior margin. Basal half of S-band entirely brown, without orange area in cell dm or bordering crossvein r-m; with lobelike projection to posterior wing margin in middle of cell cu
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FE2D0BD9FE2839B6" attach="left" box="[466,474,649,663]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">1</subScript>
; distal section of band orange with brown margins or sometimes mostly brown (at least with orange medial area between r-m and costa), moderately broad, at apex of vein R
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FB400BE3FB2A39E0" attach="left" box="[1215,1240,691,705]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">2+3</subScript>
0.64–0.87 times width of cell r
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FEC40B8CFEA639CB" attach="left" box="[315,340,732,746]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">2+3</subScript>
, slightly to distinctly broadening in cell r
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FCC80B8CFCA239CB" attach="left" box="[823,848,732,746]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">2+3</subScript>
, well separated from apex of vein M; hyaline area proximal to it ending at vein R
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FDFD0A56FDE83835" attach="left" box="[514,538,774,788]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">2+3</subScript>
. Hyaline basomarginal spot in cell r
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FC380A56FC3D3835" attach="left" box="[967,975,774,788]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">1</subScript>
short triangular, extended beyond vein R
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FF550A60FF31381F" attach="left" box="[170,195,816,830]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">2+3</subScript>
but usually not to R
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FE490A60FE22381F" attach="left" box="[438,464,816,830]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">4+5</subScript>
, its apex aligned with or slightly distal to crossvein r-m. V-band complete, mostly brown, narrowly to broadly connected to S-band in cell r
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FCCA0A09FCBC3846" attach="left" box="[821,846,857,871]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">2+3</subScript>
; proximal arm with medial orange area bordering anterior 0.33–0.50 of dm-cu, extending anteriorly beyond vein R
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FC2B0AD3FC1F38B0" attach="left" box="[980,1005,899,913]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">4+5</subScript>
; proximal arm moderately broad, gradually broadening posteriorly, without basal extension along wing margin, at level of vein M 1.5–2.8 times as wide as distal arm and 1.45–2.30 times as wide as hyaline area proximal to it in cells r
<subScript id="17C53490FFB8FFB3FB5D0A83FB4838C0" attach="left" box="[1186,1210,979,993]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">4+5</subScript>
and dm; distal arm slender.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB8FFB3FF380D43FCD83F0C" blockId="49.[151,1436,152,2036]" box="[199,810,1043,1069]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB8FFB3FF380D6AFD933FCE" blockId="49.[151,1436,152,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Male terminalia: Lateral surstylus short, extended beyond prensisetae by 1.0–1.5 times length of prensiseta; in lateral view broad, posteroapical corner bluntly acute; in posterior view gradually tapered to blunt, truncate apex, lateral and medial margins convex. Proctiger with ventral and lateral sclerotized areas connected but lateral areas separate dorsally. Phallus
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB8FFB3FCC40DFEFC1F3FE9" box="[827,1005,1198,1224]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="2.45" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="2.75" valueMin="2.45">2.45–2.75 mm</quantity>
long, 0.82–0.93 times as long as mesonotum; glans
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB8FFB3FE8B0D85FDED3FCE" box="[372,543,1237,1263]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.40–0.50 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB8FFB3FF380DABFE463D05" blockId="49.[151,1436,152,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Female terminalia: Oviscape (
<figureCitation id="137A2A50FFB8FFB3FDD60DABFD8E3E34" box="[553,636,1275,1301]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–13" captionStartId="67.[151,269,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1403,209,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-54@67.[173,1413,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 10–13. Habitus female, dorsal: 10, A. nigra (Panama: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00215492); 11, A. rafaeli (Brazil: Ilha de Maraca); 12, A. robusta (Costa Rica: Est. Maritza, INBio000763683); 13, A. speciosa (Panama: Migdalia Fuentes, USNMENT00213669); bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316552/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
) 2.00–
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB8FFB3FD2F0DABFCCA3E34" box="[720,824,1275,1301]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.17" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="2.17">2.17 mm</quantity>
long, 0.65–0.68 times as long as mesonotum; distal half to two-thirds brown; spiracle at basal 0.38–0.39. Eversible membrane (
<figureCitation id="137A2A50FFB8FFB3FBD80C72FB453E1D" box="[1063,1207,1314,1340]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–90" captionStartId="75.[151,269,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[213,1389,194,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-61@75.[200,1398,194,1866]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 82–90. Eversible membranes: 82–83, A. nigrifascia (USA: Big Pine Key, USNMENT00216472; Key West, USNMENT00216381); 84, A. nigrivittata (holotype); 85, A. partita (holotype); 86, A. pittieri (Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT0052102); 87–88, A. pseudorobusta (holotype; Venezuela: C. Bolívar, USNMENT00216401); 89–90, A. rafaeli (Brazil: Ilha de Maraca, USNMENT0052106)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316574/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs. 89–90</figureCitation>
) with 20–25 large, hooklike dorsobasal scales in triangular pattern. Aculeus (
<figureCitation id="137A2A50FFB8FFB3FCA90C19FC4F3E42" box="[854,957,1353,1379]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–148" captionStartId="80.[151,269,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,206,1679]" captionTargetId="figure-122@80.[155,1440,194,1685]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 131–148. Aculei (ventral or lateral): 130, A. nigrivittata (holotype); 131, A. partita (holotype); 132–133, A. pittieri (Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT0052102); 134–136, A. pseudorobusta (holotype; Venezuela: C. Bolivar, USNMENT00216401); 137, A. rafaeli (Brazil: Ilha de Maraca, USNMENT0052106); 138–139, A. robusta (Panamá: El Cermeño, USNMENT00216357); 140, A. rojasi (Costa Rica: Hitoy Cerere, INBio0003033725); 141, A. simulans (Brazil: S. José Pinhais, USNMENT00216238); 142, A. speciosa (Panama: El Cermeño, USNMENT00216291). Aculeus tips: 143, A. amaryllis (lateral; image by J.O. Tigrero); 144, A. amazonensis (holotype); 145, A. binodosa (Brazil: Santarem, USNMENT00104291); 146, A. cryptostrepha (Surinam: Paramaribo, USNMENT00216571); 147, A. fenestrata (Brazil: Rio Trombetas, USNMENT00052104); 148, A. fenestrella (Panamá)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361991/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 137</figureCitation>
) straight to slightly ventrally curved in lateral view,
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB8FFB3FED20C3FFE253EA8" box="[301,471,1391,1417]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7149999999999999" metricValueMax="1.72" metricValueMin="1.71" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="1.7149999999999999" valueMax="1.72" valueMin="1.71">1.71–1.72 mm</quantity>
long; in ventral view base
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB8FFB3FCEA0C3FFC4D3EA8" box="[789,959,1391,1417]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.185" valueMax="0.19" valueMin="0.18">0.18–0.19 mm</quantity>
wide; shaft
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB8FFB3FBAF0C3FFB4A3EA8" box="[1104,1208,1391,1417]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
wide at midlength; tip (
<figureCitation id="137A2A50FFB8FFB3FF370CC6FEDC3E91" box="[200,302,1430,1456]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–163" captionStartId="81.[151,269,1481,1505]" captionTargetBox="[166,1431,209,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-99@81.[151,1436,194,1457]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 149–163. Aculeus tips (ventral or lateral): 149, A. furcata (Panamá: La Fortuna, USNMENT00216175); 150, A. isolata (Ecuador: Onkone Gare Camp, USNMENT00054600); 151–152, A. jamaicensis (holotype); 153, A. miza (Venezuela: Cuchime, USNMENT00214907); 154, A. nigra (Panamá: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00215490); 155, A. nigrifascia (USA: Florida); 156, A. nigrivittata (holotype); 157–158, A. partita (holotype); 159, A. pittieri (Venezuela); 160, A. pseudorobusta (Venezuela: C. Bolivar, USNMENT00216401); 161, A. rafaeli (Brazil: Ilha de Maraca); 162, A. rojasi (Costa Rica: Hitoy Cerere, INBio0003033725); 163, A. speciosa (Panamá)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316580/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 161</figureCitation>
)
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB8FFB3FEBF0CC6FE593E91" box="[320,427,1430,1456]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB8FFB3FE060CC6FD573E91" box="[505,677,1430,1456]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.499999999999998" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.08499999999999999" valueMax="0.09" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.09 mm</quantity>
wide, 1.78–2.39 times as long as wide,
<quantity id="4CB99B30FFB8FFB3FB730CC6FACA3E91" box="[1164,1336,1430,1456]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.045" valueMax="0.05" valueMin="0.04">0.04–0.05 mm</quantity>
wide in lateral view, 0.50–0.56 times ventral width, in ventral view basal part nearly parallel-sided with lateral margin slightly concave, apical 0.69–0.75 triangular, finely serrate, basal serrations curving slightly onto dorsal side. Spermathecae spherical.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B655EFFB8FFB3FF390F60FABD3D6A" box="[198,1359,1584,1611]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB8FFB3FF390F60FABD3D6A" blockId="49.[151,1436,152,2036]" box="[198,1359,1584,1611]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB8FFB3FF390F60FE953D6B" bold="true" box="[198,359,1584,1610]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C414D56FFB8FFB3FE910F61FDBB3D6B" authorityName="Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski" authorityYear="2009" box="[366,585,1585,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rafaeli">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB8FFB3FE910F61FDBB3D6B" box="[366,585,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Anastrepha rafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from
<collectingCountry id="F3567645FFB8FFB3FCFC0F61FCB93D6A" box="[771,843,1585,1611]" name="Brazil" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="4985F837FFB8FFB3FCA50F61FC303D6A" box="[858,962,1585,1611]" country="Brazil" name="Roraima" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Roraima</collectingRegion>
) and possibly western
<collectingCountry id="F3567645FFB8FFB3FB300F61FAB93D6A" box="[1231,1355,1585,1611]" name="Venezuela" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B655EFFB8FFB3FF390F07FE763DB9" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB8FFB3FF390F07FE763DB9" blockId="49.[151,1436,152,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB8FFB3FF390F07FED83D50" bold="true" box="[198,298,1623,1649]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Biology.</emphasis>
The host plants and other aspects of the biology of this species other than dates of capture of adults are unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B655EFFB8FFB3FF390FF4FBF63CEC" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB8FFB3FF390FF4FD513C78" blockId="49.[151,1436,152,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB8FFB3FF390FF4FEBD3D9F" bold="true" box="[198,335,1700,1726]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Type Data.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B293C88FFB8FFB3FEA80FF5FB213DC4" collectingDate="1987-05-02" collectingDateMax="1987-05-13" collectingDateMin="1987-05-02" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="de Maraca &amp; de Malaise &amp; J. A. Rafael &amp; J. E. B. Brasil &amp; L. S. Aquino" country="Brazil" location="Ilha de Maraca" municipality="Rio Uraricoera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="USNMENT00216288" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54FA8877FFB8FFB3FEA80FF5FE363D9E" box="[343,452,1701,1727]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female (
<collectionCode id="ED50AE10FFB8FFB3FDD30FF5FD813D9E" box="[556,627,1701,1727]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">INPA</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBE79EAEFFB8FFB3FD7F0FF5FC753D9E" box="[640,903,1701,1727]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">USNMENT00216288</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="F3567645FFB8FFB3FC630FF5FBF83D9E" box="[924,1034,1701,1727]" name="Brazil" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4985F837FFB8FFB3FBE90FF5FB8D3D9E" box="[1046,1151,1701,1727]" country="Brazil" name="Roraima" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Roraima</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9AACAFFFB8FFB3FB740FF5FACC3D9E" box="[1163,1342,1701,1727]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Rio Uraricoera</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E9E600EFFB8FFB3FAB40FF5FF003DC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E887C3FFB9FFB3FF680ACDFA833CD5:8E9E600EFFB8FFB3FAB40FF5FF003DC4" country="Brazil" municipality="Rio Uraricoera" name="Ilha de Maraca" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" stateProvince="Roraima">
Ilha
<collectorName id="26B45303FFB8FFB3FA7F0FF5FF003DC4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">de Maraca</collectorName>
</location>
, armadilha
<collectorName id="26B45303FFB8FFB3FE840F9BFE0C3DC4" box="[379,510,1739,1765]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">de Malaise</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFFF1015FFB8FFB3FDF50F9BFD343DC4" box="[522,710,1739,1765]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1987-05-02" valueMax="1987-05-13" valueMin="1987-05-02">
<collectingDate id="EFBBE9FDFFB8FFB3FDF50F9BFD343DC4" box="[522,710,1739,1765]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1987-05-02" valueMax="1987-05-13" valueMin="1987-05-02">2–13 May 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26B45303FFB8FFB3FD2C0F9BFC933DC4" box="[723,865,1739,1765]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">J. A. Rafael</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26B45303FFB8FFB3FC920F9BFBE33DC4" box="[877,1041,1739,1765]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">J. E. B. Brasil</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26B45303FFB8FFB3FBC80F9BFB213DC4" box="[1079,1235,1739,1765]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">L. S. Aquino</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B293C88FFB8FFB3FB210F9BFB333C2D" collectingDate="1987-05-02" collectingDateMax="1987-05-13" collectingDateMin="1987-05-02" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="de Maraca &amp; de Malaise &amp; J. A. Rafael &amp; J. E. B. Brasil &amp; L. S. Aquino" country="Brazil" location="Ilha de Maraca" municipality="Rio Uraricoera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="USNMENT00216289-90, USNMENT00216295-99" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54FA8877FFB8FFB3FB210F9BFAA63DC4" box="[1246,1364,1739,1765]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: same data as holotype,
<specimenCount id="9D47FD5CFFB8FFB3FE7D0FA2FE543C2D" box="[386,422,1778,1804]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D47FD5CFFB8FFB3FE470FA2FE2E3C2D" box="[440,476,1778,1804]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED50AE10FFB8FFB3FE0A0FA2FDCB3C2D" box="[501,569,1778,1804]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">INPA</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBE79EAEFFB8FFB3FDB50FA2FC853C2D" box="[586,887,1778,1804]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">USNMENT00216289-90</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBE79EAEFFB8FFB3FC720FA2FB4A3C2D" box="[909,1208,1778,1804]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">USNMENT00216295-99</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B293C88FFB8FFB3FB2D0FA2FBF63C12" collectingDate="1987-05-02" collectingDateMax="1987-05-13" collectingDateMin="1987-05-02" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="de Maraca &amp; de Malaise &amp; J. A. Rafael &amp; J. E. B. Brasil &amp; L. S. Aquino" country="Brazil" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Ilha de Maraca" municipality="Rio Uraricoera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="USNMENT00052106, USNMENT00216287, USNMENT00216292-94" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D47FD5CFFB8FFB3FB2D0FA2FB043C2D" box="[1234,1270,1778,1804]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D47FD5CFFB8FFB3FAF80FA2FADE3C2D" box="[1287,1324,1778,1804]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED50AE10FFB8FFB3FABA0FA2FA6E3C2D" box="[1349,1436,1778,1804]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBE79EAEFFB8FFB3FF680E49FE6F3C12" box="[151,413,1817,1843]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">USNMENT00052106</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBE79EAEFFB8FFB3FE4D0E49FD453C12" box="[434,695,1817,1843]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">USNMENT00216287</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBE79EAEFFB8FFB3FD330E49FC0E3C12" box="[716,1020,1817,1843]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">USNMENT00216292-94</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B293C88FFB8FFB3FBE60E49FD523C78" collectingDate="1987-03-20" collectingDateMax="1987-03-30" collectingDateMin="1987-03-20" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="L. S. Aquino" country="Brazil" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="USNMENT00216300" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="paratype">
same,
<date id="FFFF1015FFB8FFB3FB920E49FAB73C12" box="[1133,1349,1817,1843]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1987-03-20" valueMax="1987-03-30" valueMin="1987-03-20">
<collectingDate id="EFBBE9FDFFB8FFB3FB920E49FAB73C12" box="[1133,1349,1817,1843]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1987-03-20" valueMax="1987-03-30" valueMin="1987-03-20">20–30 Mar 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26B45303FFB8FFB3FAA40E49FF003C78" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">L. S. Aquino</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="9D47FD5CFFB8FFB3FF020E6FFED03C78" box="[253,290,1855,1881]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED50AE10FFB8FFB3FECE0E6FFE7A3C78" box="[305,392,1855,1881]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBE79EAEFFB8FFB3FE700E6FFD6A3C78" box="[399,664,1855,1881]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">USNMENT00216300</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB8FFB3FF390E36FBF63CEC" blockId="49.[151,1436,152,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<materialsCitation id="3B293C88FFB8FFB3FF390E36FBF23CEC" collectionCode="UMSP" country="Venezuela" location="Lake Maracaibo" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="USNMENT00054868" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" stateProvince="Zulia" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB8FFB3FF390E36FDC53CA1" bold="true" box="[198,567,1894,1920]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Other specimens examined</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F3567645FFB8FFB3FDA80E36FCF83CA1" box="[599,778,1894,1920]" name="Venezuela" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4985F837FFB8FFB3FCDA0E36FC953CA1" box="[805,871,1894,1920]" country="Venezuela" name="Zulia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Zulia</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="8E9E600EFFB8FFB3FC7D0E36FBA63CA1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E887C3FFB9FFB3FF680ACDFA833CD5:8E9E600EFFB8FFB3FC7D0E36FBA63CA1" box="[898,1108,1894,1920]" country="Venezuela" name="Lake Maracaibo" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" stateProvince="Zulia">Lake Maracaibo</location>
, 1913,
<specimenCount id="9D47FD5CFFB8FFB3FB350E36FAD93CA1" box="[1226,1323,1894,1920]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED50AE10FFB8FFB3FAB50E36FA6E3CA1" box="[1354,1436,1894,1920]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3avb-bd3e" name="University of Minnesota Insect Collection" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="University or college">UMSP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBE79EAEFFB8FFB3FF680EDDFE6D3C86" box="[151,415,1933,1959]" collectionCode="UMSP" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3avb-bd3e" name="University of Minnesota Insect Collection" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="University or college">USNMENT00054868</specimenCode>
); this specimen, which lacks most of its abdomen, is tentatively identified, but matches
<taxonomicName id="4C414D56FFB8FFB3FF680EE4FEF73CEC" authorityName="Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,261,1972,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rafaeli">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB8FFB3FF680EE4FEF73CEC" box="[151,261,1972,1997]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">A. rafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in wing pattern and setal color. It is not designated as a
<typeStatus id="54FA8877FFB8FFB3FC680EE3FBF23CEC" box="[919,1024,1971,1997]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B655EFFB8FFB3FF390E8AFA833CD5" box="[198,1393,2010,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFE36D5FFB8FFB3FF390E8AFA833CD5" blockId="49.[151,1436,152,2036]" box="[198,1393,2010,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B935EAC7FFB8FFB3FF390E8AFEA13CD5" bold="true" box="[198,339,2010,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is named for Dr. J. A. Rafael (INPA), one of the collectors of the
<typeStatus id="54FA8877FFB8FFB3FB120E8AFAED3CD5" box="[1261,1311,2010,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
series.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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