treatments-xml/data/03/E1/75/03E1757B5A73FF99FF3EFAA9A3E0FBC4.xml
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<document id="7C5D7D5654164D9F0C1B15C409A2A6F5" ID-CLB-Dataset="8731" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4838.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="662e3cfb-c54c-4b01-ab00-a707ca9bf448" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4403367" ID-ZooBank="CBB2E456-150B-4D8F-AC3E-4F6D13217C6C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609350493954" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Binoy, C., Achterberg, C. Van, Kumar, P. Girish, Santhosh, S. &amp; Sheela, S." docDate="2020" docId="03E1757B5A73FF99FF3EFAA9A3E0FBC4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4838.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4838 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="1EBB1316-6C62-499F-96E0-B9CCC2A19C5D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFD80D035A54FFB3FFA9FFC6A677FFFD" masterDocTitle="A review of Stephanidae (Hymenoptera: Stephanoidea) from India, with the description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698850083911" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="3C7594F3EA57D42A4D645A2B9D09AD00">A review of Stephanidae (Hymenoptera: Stephanoidea) from India, with the description of five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9CCF569AEA2BE1383EA52C1392445906">Binoy, C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8299C615F2942BF1DEFB2BF71E334FE9" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4999-1971</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="FF97FD76A00EEBC44E7976BEE6713305">Insect Ecology and Ethology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, 673635, India. &amp; Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Malabar Christian College, Kozhikode, Affiliated to University of Calicut, Kerala, 673001, India. sant @ mccclt. ac. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4999 - 1971</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AD868E4F455CF1FB7527D84930C706E8">Achterberg, C. Van</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="870800E8E75E935901784354C915EF38">State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture / Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BCD3FCFA1EFF0019F7A84935A873433E">Kumar, P. Girish</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="12B9985F0FBAA53A231A19B3B4BD2F27">Western Ghat Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Eranhipalam, Kozhikode, Kerala, 673006, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="92C56733D193CA55AB3871CA5648D2D7">Santhosh, S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3DD8177B4E92CDA937E1B6FCC6E17CBB" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4999-1971</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4E44613ED62E264A888F4E62737DEF38">Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Malabar Christian College, Kozhikode, Affiliated to University of Calicut, Kerala, 673001, India. sant @ mccclt. ac. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4999 - 1971</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="71CC25B9A325569E8524E7280E6DB19B">Sheela, S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="38B6B96F0269D13CF623B3E45A2C2E5F">Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="960EAC7C2CB353D3D19B7B47367B17B1">2020</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C48BFEE5A73FF94FF3EFAA9A5F3FA74" authority="Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh" authorityName="Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,900,1391,1418]" class="Insecta" family="Stephanidae" genus="Parastephanellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reductus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A73FF94FF3EFAA9A7AEFA77" bold="true" box="[151,473,1391,1418]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Parastephanellus reductus</emphasis>
Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20FA5045A73FF94FC22FAA9A59EFA74" box="[907,1001,1391,1417]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A73FF94FF3EFA54A750FA51" blockId="39.[151,1001,1391,1486]" box="[151,295,1426,1452]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
(
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A73FF94FF36FA54A757FA51" box="[159,288,1426,1452]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 84" captionStart-1="FIGURES 8592" captionStart-2="FIGURES 9394" captionStartId-0="40.[151,250,1173,1197]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionStartId-2="42.[151,264,660,684]" captionTargetBox-0="[155,1437,237,1148]" captionTargetBox-1="[186,1397,181,1907]" captionTargetBox-2="[153,1436,182,637]" captionTargetId-0="figure-46@40.[145,1441,234,1152]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@41.[183,1404,178,1913]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@42.[151,1436,181,637]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionTargetPageId-2="42" captionText-0="FIGURE 84. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov." captionText-1="FIGURES 8592. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 85. Habitus, lateral view; 86. Head, lateral view; 87. Head, dorsal view; 88. Head, frontal view; 89. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 90. Mesosoma, lateral view; 91. Fore wing; 92. Hind leg." captionText-2="FIGURES 9394. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 93. First metasomal tergite; 71. Metasoma (except first tergite) with ovipositor sheath and ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403458" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403460" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403462" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4403458/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4403460/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4403462/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 8494</figureCitation>
)
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<materialsCitation id="3B20CE305A73FF94FF3EFA3CA763F9A4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3022622310" collectingDate="2020-02-16" collectionCode="ZSIK, WGRC" collectorName="Coll. Souvik Sen &amp; Reg. No." country="India" county="Kanyakumari district" elevation="30" latitude="8.307694" location="Alagiapandiapuram" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.43864" municipality="Kanyakumari Wildlife Sanctuary" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="holotype">
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material.
<collectingCountry id="F35F84FD5A73FF94FEFAFA3CA7E2F9E9" box="[339,405,1530,1556]" name="India" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">India</collectingCountry>
:
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,
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B935E175A73FF94FCE9FA3CA2C2F9E9" box="[832,1205,1530,1556]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Kanyakumari Wildlife Sanctuary</collectingMunicipality>
,
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(
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&amp;
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,
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),
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<collectingDate id="EFB21B455A73FF94FDFDF9DBA4B3F9CA" box="[596,708,1565,1591]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2020-02-16">16.ii.2020</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="26BDA1BB5A73FF94FD7CF9DBA5ECF9CA" box="[725,923,1565,1591]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Coll. Souvik Sen</collectorName>
&amp; party,
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(
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).
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<collectorName id="26BDA1BB5A73FF94FBD3F9DBA295F9CA" box="[1146,1250,1565,1591]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Reg. No.</collectorName>
ZSI/
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/IR/ INV.14261
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35297E65A73FF94FF6EF9A4A3FAF8FA" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A73FF94FF6EF9A4A3FAF8FA" blockId="39.[151,1437,1530,2041]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A73FF94FF6EF9A4A735F981" bold="true" box="[199,322,1634,1660]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new species possesses an important and unique character in having the fore wing with vein 2- SR+M absent. Head in dorsal view rounded behind eyes; neck moderately emarginated; pronotum posteriorly well emarginate, forming a gap between a lower mesoscutum; hind coxa with strong transverse rugae and without a dorsal tooth; first metasomal tergite almost equal to rest of metasoma (excluding ovipositor), 6.7× as long as its maximum width with strong irregular coarsely transverse rugae anteriorly, proceeding as annulate sculpturing beyond.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35297E65A73FF99FF6EF8C9A7FFFC30" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<emphasis id="B93C187F5A73FF94FF6EF8C9A721F8D4" bold="true" box="[199,342,1807,1833]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Description.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54F37ACF5A73FF94FEF4F8C9A7B1F8D4" box="[349,454,1807,1833]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D4E0FE45A73FF94FE79F8D6A791F8D7" box="[464,486,1808,1834]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="female"></specimenCount>
. Body length
<quantity id="4CB069885A73FF94FDD6F8C9A493F8D7" box="[639,740,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.01" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="6.01">6.01 mm</quantity>
, ovipositor sheath length
<quantity id="4CB069885A73FF94FC55F8C9A217F8D7" box="[1020,1120,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.82" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="3.82">3.82 mm</quantity>
, fore wing length
<quantity id="4CB069885A73FF94FA8FF8C9A3FBF8D7" box="[1318,1420,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.26" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="3.26">3.26 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B93C187F5A73FF94FF6EF8F7A76AF8B1" bold="true" box="[199,285,1841,1868]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Colour.</emphasis>
Black; tegula and palpi dark brown; scape brown with apical tip honey brown, pedicel, F1F4, F5 and F6 basally honey brown, rest of flagellomeres deep brown; frons brown with yellowish patches near inner orbits and on lower face along the toruli; malar space with a pale yellow patch below eyes (
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A73FF94FB82F8B1A20AF86F" box="[1067,1149,1911,1938]" captionStart="FIGURES 8592" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[186,1397,181,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[183,1404,178,1913]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 8592. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 85. Habitus, lateral view; 86. Head, lateral view; 87. Head, dorsal view; 88. Head, frontal view; 89. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 90. Mesosoma, lateral view; 91. Fore wing; 92. Hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403460/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
) extending to the occiput posteriorly; mandibles yellowish brown with apices black (
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A73FF94FC8FF85CA50EF849" box="[806,889,1946,1972]" captionStart="FIGURES 8592" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[186,1397,181,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[183,1404,178,1913]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 8592. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 85. Habitus, lateral view; 86. Head, lateral view; 87. Head, dorsal view; 88. Head, frontal view; 89. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 90. Mesosoma, lateral view; 91. Fore wing; 92. Hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403460/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 88</figureCitation>
); all tibia liver brown, paler apically; all tarsi yellowish brown to testaceous, hind basitarsus pale yellowish; wings hyaline, pterostigma translucent, margins brown, veins mostly translucent brown; first metasomal tergite apically and second metasomal tergite basally brownish; second tergite onwards pale orange brown apical margins; apical tip of hypopygium orange brown; ovipositor sheath brownish black with a small pale spot on expanded ventral and apical area.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3794E55A7CFF9BFF3EFB53A2A3FB50" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403458" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4403458" box="[151,1236,1173,1197]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403458/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[151,250,1173,1197]" targetBox="[155,1437,237,1148]" targetPageId="40">
<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A7CFF9BFF3EFB53A2A3FB50" blockId="40.[151,1236,1173,1197]" box="[151,1236,1173,1197]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7CFF9BFF3EFB53A757FB50" bold="true" box="[151,288,1173,1197]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 84.</emphasis>
Habitus of holotype. ♀
<taxonomicName id="4C48BFEE5A7CFF9BFDBCFB53A20BFB50" authority="Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh" authorityName="Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh" authorityYear="2020" box="[533,1148,1173,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Stephanidae" genus="Parastephanellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reductus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7CFF9BFDBCFB53A554FB50" box="[533,803,1173,1197]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Parastephanellus reductus</emphasis>
Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20FA5045A7CFF9BFB2BFB53A2A3FB50" box="[1154,1236,1173,1197]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A7CFF9BFF6EFB11A7F3FA4C" blockId="40.[151,1437,1239,2005]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7CFF9BFF6EFB11A77BFB0F" bold="true" box="[199,268,1239,1266]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Head.</emphasis>
Antenna with 29 antennomeres; F2 onwards surface distinctly pitted; frons with subparallel uniform rugae, medially coarse, few scattered setae; coronal area smooth with few strong rugae; clypeus projecting, rugose, with apical brush of setae; five anterior coronal teeth, antero-medial one largest, reddish brown, followed by a pair of arcuate ones and blunt ones posteriorly; behind the posterior teeth a couple of straight carinae present; vertex faintly rugose beyond the lateral ocellus along the eye margin, medially bare, almost smooth (
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A7CFF9BFB7EFA91A35AFA8F" box="[1239,1325,1367,1394]" captionStart="FIGURES 8592" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[186,1397,181,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[183,1404,178,1913]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 8592. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 85. Habitus, lateral view; 86. Head, lateral view; 87. Head, dorsal view; 88. Head, frontal view; 89. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 90. Mesosoma, lateral view; 91. Fore wing; 92. Hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403460/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
); temples non-angulate, largely smooth and shiny (
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A7CFF9BFDC3FAB1A4C8FA6F" box="[618,703,1399,1426]" captionStart="FIGURES 8592" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[186,1397,181,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[183,1404,178,1913]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 8592. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 85. Habitus, lateral view; 86. Head, lateral view; 87. Head, dorsal view; 88. Head, frontal view; 89. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 90. Mesosoma, lateral view; 91. Fore wing; 92. Hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403460/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
); occipital carina strong, complete, almost straight, reaching the mandibles anteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A7CFF9BFF6EFA7EA351F829" blockId="40.[151,1437,1239,2005]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7CFF9BFF6EFA7EA73EFA2F" bold="true" box="[199,329,1464,1490]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="4C48BFEE5A7CFF9BFF6EFA7EA733FA2F" box="[199,324,1464,1490]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Neck short, emarginate anteriorly, in level with pronotum without forming a cavity medially; pronotum medially moderately rugose without any distinct carinae, sparsely setose, posteriorly smooth, shiny with margin emarginated; pronotal margin forming a large gap at pronotal-mesoscutal margin; propleuron smooth and shiny forming buttressing ridges ventrally, sparsely setose; mesoscutum with medial foveolate furrow; anteriorly imbricate to alutaceous, medially with irregular fovea and a pair of converging accessorial carina beyond middle, 0.7× as wide as long, sparsely setose; scutellum large, as long as wide, alutaceous with scattered punctures and sparsely setose; axillae separated from each other by a deep and an indistinct fovea (
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A7CFF9BFBF0F9B1A2DAF96F" box="[1113,1197,1655,1682]" captionStart="FIGURES 8592" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[186,1397,181,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[183,1404,178,1913]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 8592. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 85. Habitus, lateral view; 86. Head, lateral view; 87. Head, dorsal view; 88. Head, frontal view; 89. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 90. Mesosoma, lateral view; 91. Fore wing; 92. Hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403460/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
); mesopleuron alutaceous with moderately dense white setae, smooth posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A7CFF9BFCFFF951A5DCF94F" box="[854,939,1687,1714]" captionStart="FIGURES 8592" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[186,1397,181,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[183,1404,178,1913]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 8592. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 85. Habitus, lateral view; 86. Head, lateral view; 87. Head, dorsal view; 88. Head, frontal view; 89. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 90. Mesosoma, lateral view; 91. Fore wing; 92. Hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403460/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
); propodeum with large irregular areola and smooth to imbricate interstices, inside of areola smooth, a transverse curving carina present sub apically (
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A7CFF9BFA93F971A3F9F92F" box="[1338,1422,1719,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 8592" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[186,1397,181,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[183,1404,178,1913]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 8592. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 85. Habitus, lateral view; 86. Head, lateral view; 87. Head, dorsal view; 88. Head, frontal view; 89. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 90. Mesosoma, lateral view; 91. Fore wing; 92. Hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403460/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
); fore wing hyaline with scattered minute setae concentrated more on apically, 2-SR+M absent, 1-M 1.43× 1-SR, almost straight; vein r reaching before the apex of pterostigma; 3-CU 1 obsolete, 2-1A absent (
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A7CFF9BFB6DF931A36FF8EF" box="[1220,1304,1783,1810]" captionStart="FIGURES 8592" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[186,1397,181,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[183,1404,178,1913]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 8592. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 85. Habitus, lateral view; 86. Head, lateral view; 87. Head, dorsal view; 88. Head, frontal view; 89. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 90. Mesosoma, lateral view; 91. Fore wing; 92. Hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403460/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
); hind coxa robust, without a dorsal teeth and with strong rugae anteriorly, turning annular posteriorly; hind femur moderately widened, smooth, alutaceous sculpturing and scattered sparse long white setae, ventrally with 2 large teeth and several denticles in between and beyond apical teeth, basal tooth wide, faintly rugose; hind tibia with uniform rugae ventrally, moderately pubescent, 1.27× as long as hind femur, apical inflated part (i.e., apical part with sculpture different from basal petiolate part) 1.06× as wide as narrow basal part, widened part with distinct oblique inverted obsolete V shaped carinae; hind tarsus with three tarsomeres, sub-parallel sided 4× as long as second tarsal segment (
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A7CFF9BFB61F87CA36EF829" box="[1224,1305,1978,2004]" captionStart="FIGURES 8592" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[186,1397,181,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[183,1404,178,1913]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 8592. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 85. Habitus, lateral view; 86. Head, lateral view; 87. Head, dorsal view; 88. Head, frontal view; 89. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 90. Mesosoma, lateral view; 91. Fore wing; 92. Hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403460/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3794E55A7DFF9AFF3EF849A7C0F812" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403460" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4403460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403460/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" startId="41.[151,264,1935,1959]" targetBox="[186,1397,181,1907]" targetPageId="41">
<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A7DFF9AFF3EF849A7C0F812" blockId="41.[151,1436,1935,2031]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7DFF9AFF3EF849A723F85A" bold="true" box="[151,340,1935,1959]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FIGURES 8592.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C48BFEE5A7DFF9AFEF0F849A5CAF85A" authority="Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh" authorityName="Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh" authorityYear="2020" box="[345,957,1935,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Stephanidae" genus="Parastephanellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reductus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7DFF9AFEF0F849A411F85A" box="[345,614,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Parastephanellus reductus</emphasis>
Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7DFF9AFC6AF849A262F85B" bold="true" box="[963,1045,1935,1959]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20FA5045A7DFF9AFC6AF849A262F85B" box="[963,1045,1935,1959]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Holotype ♀. 85. Habitus, lateral view; 86. Head, lateral view; 87. Head, dorsal view; 88. Head, frontal view; 89.
<taxonomicName id="4C48BFEE5A7DFF9AFC2BF875A585F837" box="[898,1010,1971,1994]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="41" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
, dorsal view; 90.
<taxonomicName id="4C48BFEE5A7DFF9AFB0DF875A363F837" box="[1188,1300,1971,1994]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="41" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
, lateral view; 91. Fore wing; 92. Hind leg.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3794E55A7EFF99FF3EFD52A23CFD2C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403462" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4403462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403462/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[151,264,660,684]" targetBox="[153,1436,182,637]" targetPageId="42">
<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A7EFF99FF3EFD52A23CFD2C" blockId="42.[151,1436,660,721]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7EFF99FF3EFD52A720FD50" bold="true" box="[151,343,660,685]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">FIGURES 9394.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C48BFEE5A7EFF99FEC9FD53A5ADFD50" authority="Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh" authorityName="Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh" authorityYear="2020" box="[352,986,661,685]" class="Insecta" family="Stephanidae" genus="Parastephanellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reductus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7EFF99FEC9FD53A406FD50" box="[352,625,661,685]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Parastephanellus reductus</emphasis>
Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7EFF99FC4DFD53A24EFD51" bold="true" box="[996,1081,661,685]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20FA5045A7EFF99FC4DFD53A24EFD51" box="[996,1081,661,685]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Holotype ♀. 93. First metasomal tergite; 71. Metasoma (except first tergite) with ovipositor sheath and ovipositor, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A7EFF99FF6EFD39A375FC54" blockId="42.[151,1437,767,1081]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7EFF99FF6EFD39A731FCE4" bold="true" box="[199,326,767,793]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Metasoma.</emphasis>
First tergite 8.6× as long as its maximum width, 0.73× as long as remaining metasomal tergites, cylindrical with irregular strong rugae throughout the length, apically smooth (
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A7EFF99FBA4FCE5A216FCC0" box="[1037,1121,803,829]" captionStart="FIGURES 9394" captionStartId="42.[151,264,660,684]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,182,637]" captionTargetId="figure-17@42.[151,1436,181,637]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 9394. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 93. First metasomal tergite; 71. Metasoma (except first tergite) with ovipositor sheath and ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403462/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 93</figureCitation>
); second tergite smooth and shiny medially, fine alutaceous laterally and apically; fifth to seventh tergites finely reticulate to alutaceous with scattered small white setae; eighth tergite finely reticulate, setose and furcate apically, no pygidial protuberance present apically; ovipositor sheath 0.63× length of the body and 1.17× as long as fore wing (
<figureCitation id="1373D8E85A7EFF99FB08FC49A282FC54" box="[1185,1269,911,937]" captionStart="FIGURES 9394" captionStartId="42.[151,264,660,684]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,182,637]" captionTargetId="figure-17@42.[151,1436,181,637]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 9394. Parastephanellus reductus Binoy, Girish Kumar &amp; Santhosh sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 93. First metasomal tergite; 71. Metasoma (except first tergite) with ovipositor sheath and ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403462/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A7EFF99FF6EFC75A7FFFC30" blockId="42.[151,1437,767,1081]" box="[199,392,947,973]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7EFF99FF6EFC75A77CFC30" bold="true" box="[199,267,947,973]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35297E65A7EFF99FF6EFC11A4C6FC0F" box="[199,689,983,1010]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A7EFF99FF6EFC11A4C6FC0F" blockId="42.[151,1437,767,1081]" box="[199,689,983,1010]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7EFF99FF6EFC11A716FC0C" bold="true" box="[199,353,983,1009]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</emphasis>
Oriental:
<collectingCountry id="F35F84FD5A7EFF99FE7BFC11A47BFC0C" box="[466,524,983,1009]" name="India" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">India</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="498C0A8F5A7EFF99FDB3FC11A4D1FC0F" box="[538,678,983,1010]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35297E65A7EFF99FF6EFC3DA7D3FBE8" box="[199,420,1019,1045]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A7EFF99FF6EFC3DA7D3FBE8" blockId="42.[151,1437,767,1081]" box="[199,420,1019,1045]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7EFF99FF6EFC3DA750FBE8" bold="true" box="[199,295,1019,1045]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Biology.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35297E65A7EFF99FF6EFBD9A3E0FBC4" box="[199,1431,1055,1081]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF7C46D5A7EFF99FF6EFBD9A3E0FBC4" blockId="42.[151,1437,767,1081]" box="[199,1431,1055,1081]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B93C187F5A7EFF99FF6EFBD9A73CFBC4" bold="true" box="[199,331,1055,1081]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species is named after the peculiar feature in having vein 2-SR+M of fore wing reduced/absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>