176 lines
22 KiB
XML
176 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="AFEE7D504CD2A8FAF4923CFE082C7BE2" ID-CLB-Dataset="6390" ID-DOI="10.5252/g2014n4a4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8bc26961-9853-4113-a63d-4cf691aa7100" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4538625" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613150850454" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Vianey-Liaud, Monique, Comte, Bernard, Marandat, Bernard, Peigné, Stéphane, Rage, Jean-Claude & Sudre, Jean" docDate="2014" docId="03D6987B447BB127FE901665FECCE6C5" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.36.4.565-622.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 36 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2014n4a4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F8AA0CB5AB58FB1C1EB3E4696C1B2D36.3:Geodiversitas.2013-2014.journal_article" docStyleId="F8AA0CB5AB58FB1C1EB3E4696C1B2D36" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2013-2014.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Platyspondylia Rage 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="575" masterDocId="FFEFE0034471B12CFF8F106FFF81E50F" masterDocTitle="A new early Late Oligocene (MP 26) continental vertebrate fauna from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux (Alès Basin, Gard, Southern France)" masterLastPageNumber="622" masterPageNumber="565" pageNumber="575" updateTime="1698929460103" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="F6D032616D5ED2E2C6152DF89779D1F7">A new early Late Oligocene (MP 26) continental vertebrate fauna from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux (Alès Basin, Gard, Southern France)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9DE330667283B07CC4951BE3EC2919F8">Vianey-Liaud, Monique</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F62D43E591B9E913B0D93A1DF7241DFD">Comte, Bernard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="414618C82CE133A3902E45486247CF32">Marandat, Bernard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AE07DDFEEA37BF7C759E0D073ED96B3C">Peigné, Stéphane</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C710523F6EEA03D20F154ADC8FC172E6">Rage, Jean-Claude</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EE5559CC6EB6C0500F8E921178C1E1DA">Sudre, Jean</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="65A89D329082AEAAF63BD89392B1274B">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F50AE3C3502D0D4FBA75F99416551B5A">
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<mods:date id="3617E91AB3EA121FB18A99288C6DAB99">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6440B10EA7F3652CB2B218D8E4B85FAC">2014-12-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2A2D7624A795BDE67D833AF0D3C955E6">36</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="452FB12599B7F7B97FD9C45F6749D537" type="DOI">10.5252/g2014n4a4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D6987B447BB127FE901665FECCE6C5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4837386" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182405813" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4837386" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D6987B447BB127FE901665FECCE6C5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D6987B447BB127FE901665FECCE6C5" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="575" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">
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<subSubSection id="C3657AE6447BB126FE901665FE58E32A" box="[287,473,1546,1573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC0296D447BB126FE901665FE58E32A" blockId="10.[287,473,1546,1573]" box="[287,473,1546,1573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">
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<heading id="D0889E01447BB126FE901665FE58E32A" box="[287,473,1546,1573]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447BB126FE901665FE35E32B" authorityName="Rage" authorityYear="1974" box="[287,436,1546,1572]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Platyspondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BF57F447BB126FE901665FE35E32B" box="[287,436,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">Platyspondylia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3657AE6447BB126FEDB1644FE22E34A" box="[340,419,1579,1605]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC0296D447BB126FEDB1644FE22E34A" blockId="10.[340,419,1579,1605]" box="[340,419,1579,1605]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">
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(
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<figureCitation id="134435E8447BB126FED21644FE1DE34A" box="[349,412,1579,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,1283,1301]" captionTargetBox="[122,1201,216,1239]" captionTargetId="figure-174@12.[387,662,473,740]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 2 — Serpentes from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux (Gard; Lower Chattian, MP 26), Platyspondylia sp.: A-C, anterior caudal vertebra (SPV738): A, anterior view; B, left lateral view; C, ventral view; D-F: caudal vertebra (SPV739) from the anterior caudal region, but posterior to SPV738:D, anterior view; E, left lateral view; F, ventral view; G-I: mid-caudal vertebra (SPV740); G, in anterior view; H, left lateral view; I, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4538631" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4538631/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3657AE6447BB126FFFE161EFE70E3AC" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC0296D447BB126FFFE161EFE70E3AC" blockId="10.[113,646,1649,1699]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">
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MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 11 trunk (
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<collectionCode id="ED6EB1A8447BB126FE5F161EFE7EE386" box="[464,511,1649,1673]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">SPV</collectionCode>
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737) and four caudal (
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<collectionCode id="ED6EB1A8447BB126FF3216E4FF6AE3AC" box="[189,235,1675,1699]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">SPV</collectionCode>
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738 to
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<collectionCode id="ED6EB1A8447BB126FEBE16E4FEE1E3AC" box="[305,352,1675,1699]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">SPV</collectionCode>
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741) vertebrae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3657AE6447BB126FD2A10B7FC3DE105" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC0296D447BB126FD2A10B7FCB4E5FF" blockId="10.[674,1211,216,1034]" box="[677,821,216,242]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC0296D447BB126FD2A1098FC3DE105" blockId="10.[674,1211,216,1034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">
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All vertebrae are small (length of centrum <
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<quantity id="4C878488447BB126FBE41097FB2FE41D" box="[1131,1198,248,274]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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). Trunk vertebrae are mainly characterized by their markedly depressed neural arch and by the presence of an obtuse posterior median notch.Ŋe neural spine is developed, but not high, and it does not reach the zygosphene anteriorly. Ŋe interzygapophyseal constriction is well expressed. Ŋe centrum does not markedly widen anteriorly.Ŋe most significant features occur on caudal vertebrae. Aside from ventral structures, the overall morphology, and more specifically the neural spine and neural arch of caudal vertebrae are similar to those of the trunk region. A vertebra (SPV738) from the anterior portion of the caudal region bears a hypapophysis; although damaged, it appears clearly that its extremity is hollowed by a shallow sagittal groove (
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<figureCitation id="134435E8447BB126FC5512BCFB9BE7E2" box="[986,1050,723,749]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,1283,1301]" captionTargetBox="[122,1201,216,1239]" captionTargetId="figure-174@12.[387,662,473,740]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 2 — Serpentes from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux (Gard; Lower Chattian, MP 26), Platyspondylia sp.: A-C, anterior caudal vertebra (SPV738): A, anterior view; B, left lateral view; C, ventral view; D-F: caudal vertebra (SPV739) from the anterior caudal region, but posterior to SPV738:D, anterior view; E, left lateral view; F, ventral view; G-I: mid-caudal vertebra (SPV740); G, in anterior view; H, left lateral view; I, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4538631" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4538631/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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A-C). Another caudal (SPV739) is provided with a haemal keel whose posterior part has a ventral groove (
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<figureCitation id="134435E8447BB126FBC9137DFBFEE623" box="[1094,1151,786,812]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,1283,1301]" captionTargetBox="[122,1201,216,1239]" captionTargetId="figure-174@12.[387,662,473,740]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 2 — Serpentes from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux (Gard; Lower Chattian, MP 26), Platyspondylia sp.: A-C, anterior caudal vertebra (SPV738): A, anterior view; B, left lateral view; C, ventral view; D-F: caudal vertebra (SPV739) from the anterior caudal region, but posterior to SPV738:D, anterior view; E, left lateral view; F, ventral view; G-I: mid-caudal vertebra (SPV740); G, in anterior view; H, left lateral view; I, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4538631" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4538631/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">Fig.2</figureCitation>
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D-F). It is regarded as a vertebra from the posterior part of the anterior portion of the caudal region. SPV740 possesses the bases of broken off haemapophyses (
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<figureCitation id="134435E8447BB126FD2113FEFD6AE6A4" box="[686,747,913,939]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,1283,1301]" captionTargetBox="[122,1201,216,1239]" captionTargetId="figure-174@12.[387,662,473,740]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 2 — Serpentes from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux (Gard; Lower Chattian, MP 26), Platyspondylia sp.: A-C, anterior caudal vertebra (SPV738): A, anterior view; B, left lateral view; C, ventral view; D-F: caudal vertebra (SPV739) from the anterior caudal region, but posterior to SPV738:D, anterior view; E, left lateral view; F, ventral view; G-I: mid-caudal vertebra (SPV740); G, in anterior view; H, left lateral view; I, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4538631" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4538631/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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G-I); it comes from the mid-caudal region. Ŋe position within the caudal region of a vertebra (SPV741), the ventral structures of which are broken off, cannot be determined.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3657AE6447BB127FD2A145FFECCE6C5" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC0296D447BB126FD2A145FFCA7E147" blockId="10.[674,1212,1072,1700]" box="[677,806,1072,1098]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">DISCUSSION</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC0296D447BB126FD2A1420FBCCE30A" blockId="10.[674,1212,1072,1700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">
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Trunk vertebrae do not clearly differ from those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447BB126FD2A1401FC74E186" authority="Rage, 1974" authorityName="Rage" authorityYear="1974" box="[677,1013,1134,1161]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Platyspondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepta">
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<emphasis id="B90BF57F447BB126FD2A1401FCF0E187" box="[677,881,1134,1160]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">Platyspondylia lepta</emphasis>
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Rage, 1974
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</taxonomicName>
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(MP 28-MP 30). However,in the latter the anterior border of the neural spine is vertical whereas it is inclined posteriorly on the specimens from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux. Ŋis is apparently a minor morphological difference, but stratigraphically the inclined border appears to be permanent from MP 22 to MP 26 (it being understood that no fauna including
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447BB126FC401523FBDAE069" authorityName="Rage" authorityYear="1974" box="[975,1115,1356,1382]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Platyspondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BF57F447BB126FC401523FBDAE069" box="[975,1115,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">Platyspondylia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known from MP 27) (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE549C447BB126FCB31503FBAFE089" author="SZYNDLAR Z. & RAGE J. C." box="[828,1070,1388,1415]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" refId="ref35271" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. & RAGE J. C. 2003. - Non-Erycine Booidea from the Oligocene and Miocene of Europe. Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Cracovie, 109 p." type="book" year="2003">Szyndlar & Rage 2003</bibRefCitation>
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), whereas the vertical border occurs from MP 28 to MP 30, which may be significant.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE549C447BB126FCE015C4FBCEE0C9" author="AUGE M. & RAGE J. C." box="[879,1103,1451,1478]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" pagination="11 - 32" refId="ref31160" refString="AUGE M. & RAGE J. C. 1995. - Le Garouillas et les sites contemporains (Oligocene, MP 25) des Phosphorites du Quercy (Lot, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et leurs faunes de Vertebres. 2. Amphibiens et Squamates. Palaeontographica A 236: 11 - 32." type="journal article" year="1995">Augé & Rage (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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suggested that this form with an inclined anterior border may represent a species distinct from
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447BB126FC751584FBC7E30A" authorityName="Rage" authorityYear="1974" box="[1018,1094,1515,1541]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Platyspondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepta">
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<emphasis id="B90BF57F447BB126FC751584FB88E30B" box="[1018,1033,1515,1540]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">P</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B90BF57F447BB126FB991584FBC7E30A" box="[1046,1094,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">lepta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC0296D447BB127FD341664FECCE6C5" blockId="10.[674,1212,1072,1700]" lastBlockId="11.[111,649,216,971]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">
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At higher taxonomic level, the fossils from Saint- Privat-des-Vieux afford an important information. Ŋe sequence of ventral structures observed on caudal vertebrae characterizes the
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447BB126FC3D1606FBD7E38C" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1894" box="[946,1110,1641,1667]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tropidophiinae">Tropidophiinae</taxonomicName>
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, or
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447BB126FBF71606FC8CE3AC" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1894" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tropidophiidae</taxonomicName>
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s.s. (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE549C447BB126FCB216E6FB8FE3AC" author="SZYNDLAR Z. & SMITH R. & RAGE J. C." box="[829,1038,1673,1699]" pageId="10" pageNumber="575" pagination="393 - 406" refId="ref35306" refString="SZYNDLAR Z., SMITH R. & RAGE J. C. 2008. - A new dwarf boa (Serpentes, Booidea, ' Tropidophiidae') from the Early Oligocene of Belgium: a case of the isolation of Western European snake faunas. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152: 393 - 406." type="journal article" year="2008">
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Szyndlar
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<emphasis id="B90BF57F447BB126FC1116E5FC4EE3AC" box="[926,975,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="575">et al.</emphasis>
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2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Up to now, the only known caudals of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447AB127FED010B7FE6FE5FD" authorityName="Rage" authorityYear="1974" box="[351,494,216,242]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Platyspondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BF57F447AB127FED010B7FE6FE5FD" box="[351,494,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="576">Platyspondylia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were provided with paired haemapophyses, i.e. the condition known in vertebrae from the mid-section of the caudal region of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447AB127FF021158FEAFE45E" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1894" box="[141,302,311,337]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tropidophiidae</taxonomicName>
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s.s. but also in the entire caudal region of most snakes. Ŋe fossils from Saint-Privatdes-Vieux show that haemapophyses are absent in the anterior portion of the caudal region of
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447AB127FE7D11F9FDFDE4BF" authorityName="Rage" authorityYear="1974" box="[498,636,406,432]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Platyspondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BF57F447AB127FE7D11F9FDFDE4BF" box="[498,636,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="576">Platyspondylia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
. In this portion, the ventral structure is azygous; it is either a hypapophysis, anteriorly, or a haemal keel, posteriorly.Only the available vertebra from the midcaudal region bears haemapophyses.Ŋis sequence of ventral structures in the caudal region (hypapophysis, haemal keel, haemapophyses) is known only in the
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447AB127FFFE121BFE93E781" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1894" box="[113,274,628,654]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tropidophiidae</taxonomicName>
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s.s. Unfortunately, no vertebra from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux represents the third portion of the caudal region. Nevertheless, the available caudal vertebrae from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux confirm the referral of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447AB127FF6F129DFEEEE603" authorityName="Rage" authorityYear="1974" box="[224,367,754,780]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Platyspondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BF57F447AB127FF6F129DFEEEE603" box="[224,367,754,780]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="576">Platyspondylia</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
to the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7F52EE447AB127FE36129DFDDBE603" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1894" box="[441,602,754,780]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tropidophiidae</taxonomicName>
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s.s., an assignment that was questioned by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE549C447AB127FD80137DFEA1E643" author="HOLMAN J. A. & HARRISON D. L." pageId="11" pageNumber="576" pagination="23 - 27" refId="ref33111" refString="HOLMAN J. A. & HARRISON D. L. 1998. - A new genus of snake (Serpentes: Boidae) from the Upper Eocene of Hordle Cliff, Hampshire, England. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 41: 23 - 27." type="journal article" year="1998">Holman & Harrison (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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.Today, tropidophiids are restricted to northern South America, Central America and Carribean islands. However, representatives of the family were recorded in Europe from the early Eocene to the early Miocene.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |