272 lines
34 KiB
XML
272 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="579D07CBF115C601706CADA8D4CBE084" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5757715" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5757715" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630330648782" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Calcinai, Barbara & Pansini, Maurizio" docDate="2000" docId="03D2A011FFEBFFD5AA4368D9530FF9FC" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.2000.22.2.369-381.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 22 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375.4:Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Microxina sarai Calcinai & Pansini 2000, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="380" masterDocId="FFEBD869FFE2FFDEA97B6C195229FFF3" masterDocTitle="Four new demosponge species from Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica)" masterLastPageNumber="381" masterPageNumber="369" pageNumber="378" updateTime="1699230332674" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods id="8587CC2766B89382A6432B19193426B4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EBE09287C0ED910BC820E4FE02507077">
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<mods:title id="23A3CE076D02F82292FEF5FAEC0F1AC7">Four new demosponge species from Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="AD56BF7B36005BFC0AB62EEAA72A3F58" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="F9E4FA1649BB3AB10EDF6BDA6777D066">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2338E546801A2B1FC1F549B6D20B54CF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A838961338CC3A718C6CA2A43296DBEC">Calcinai, Barbara</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="ADCB8BA19C1ABF6A57943C429BB1680E" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FCFCF3B04B8EC4EE76638049BA125D95">
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<mods:roleTerm id="34741D28979A305A949FED486ECC7BEF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="69C9A8231F77F3B2EEEE2A6FD91A8516">Pansini, Maurizio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C575D3F158E5EEBA08C64EB25465FF42">DIP. TE. RIS. Dipartimento per lo Studio del Territorio e delle sue Risorse, Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, I- 16032 Genova (Italy)</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7A5D050ADD8E9D6A0F48F8AB136C6BEB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="D8473DF88427556B1A874A036DD0E65A" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1EAACF9D3B9F9F8288B6B659A9685B56">
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<mods:title id="23A2F66356E92D14C145DAD8051972C0">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="D910733F783A0533C7F141040F21D313">
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<mods:date id="381C709492CAC7D02A3E0473DCFF9E29">2000</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="21AC2C588A6B510BFBEED0608F78E5C0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5078F213D08399C7C9648F69A9665D90">22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="8FDDE88BFE446DDFA10974DA2435BFFA" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="08931849D42A73C1971FBC55D95C3196">2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="9ADFD939371E0C38719A99BCCC276F30" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="EBF48714BBBBC4AD7BEE58A91B97B901">369</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="028FF56110A57134DCE697E4E8463D21">381</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="0D069D2A20E387192AF0E291467A3A86">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3156E7C917A9FBD7657BA61568E0351B" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5757715</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="15EE4B518712BF9EEC4CA8E78CA15AB2" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="28332687D3ACE5D487EBB3CDD3BEA7E1" type="Zenodo-Dep">5757715</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D2A011FFEBFFD5AA4368D9530FF9FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5475013" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5475013" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2A011FFEBFFD5AA4368D9530FF9FC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D2A011FFEBFFD5AA4368D9530FF9FC" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="380" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">
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<subSubSection id="C361428CFFEBFFD7AA4368D9560EFB28" box="[824,1063,1216,1243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC41107FFEBFFD7AA4368D9560EFB28" blockId="9.[824,1063,1216,1274]" box="[824,1063,1216,1243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">
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<heading id="D08CA66BFFEBFFD7AA4368D9560EFB28" box="[824,1063,1216,1243]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B6A84FFEBFFD7AA4368D951CCFB29" ID-CoL="73JG4" authority="Calcinai & Pansini, 2000" authorityName="Calcinai & Pansini" authorityYear="2000" box="[824,997,1216,1242]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sarai" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFEBFFD7AA4368D951CCFB29" bold="true" box="[824,997,1216,1242]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">Microxina sarai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C706EFFEBFFD7AA9768D8560EFB28" box="[1004,1063,1217,1243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361428CFFEBFFD7AA0368F951CFFB09" box="[888,998,1248,1274]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFEBFFD7AA0368F951CFFB09" blockId="9.[824,1063,1216,1274]" box="[888,998,1248,1274]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="13400D82FFEBFFD7AA0468F951EBFB09" box="[895,962,1248,1274]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,842,859]" captionTargetBox="[128,1201,211,800]" captionTargetId="figure-405@10.[115,1214,195,824]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, paratype; B, skeletal architecture showing the ascending tracts of oxeas forming superficial brushes; C, thin, spicular ectosomal membrane; D, choanosomal skeleton; E, microxea; F, sigma. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 2.5 mm; C, 140 µm; D, 700 µm; E, F, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757731/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">Figs 8</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="13400D82FFEBFFD7AAB468F951F4FB09" box="[975,989,1248,1274]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,723,740]" captionTargetBox="[98,1222,206,685]" captionTargetId="figure-501@11.[94,1228,195,693]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 9. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, oxeas; B, small sigmas; C, big, open sigmas; D, microxeas. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B-D, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757733/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">9</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361428CFFEBFFD7ABDE6903512DFA17" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC41107FFEBFFD7ABDE6903512DFA17" blockId="9.[677,1210,1306,1508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">
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<materialsCitation id="3B131B5AFFEBFFD7ABDE6903512DFA17" collectingDate="1988-01-20" collectingDateMax="1998-02-19" collectingDateMin="1988-01-20" collectionCode="MNA, MSNG" elevation="103" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" specimenCode="MM106, 1995-1996" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
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<typeStatus id="54C0AFA5FFEBFFD7AAC16903560DFAC1" box="[954,1060,1306,1330]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: stn
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<specimenCode id="DBDDB97CFFEBFFD7AD226903569FFAC1" box="[1113,1206,1306,1330]" collectionCode="MM" country="France" name="University of Montpellier" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">MM106</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode id="DBDDB97CFFEBFFD7ABDE692D5130FABF" box="[677,793,1332,1356]" collectionCode="MM" country="France" name="University of Montpellier" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">1995-1996</specimenCode>
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campaign,
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<quantity id="4C83BCE2FFEBFFD7AAED692D562BFAB9" box="[918,1026,1331,1356]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" unit="m" value="102.5" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="95.0">
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<elevation id="0056F634FFEBFFD7AAED692D562BFAB9" box="[918,1026,1331,1356]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" unit="m" value="102.5" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="95.0">95-110 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, POR226 (
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<collectionCode id="ED6A89C2FFEBFFD7AD00692D5690FABF" box="[1147,1209,1332,1356]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/e1gk-b74h" name="The Museo Nazionale dell'Antartide (Italian National Antarctic Museum in Genoa)." pageId="9" pageNumber="378">MNA</collectionCode>
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No. 4);
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<typeStatus id="54C0AFA5FFEBFFD7AB8469555142FA97" box="[767,875,1356,1380]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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: haul 24,
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<date id="FFC537C7FFEBFFD7AAA769545665FA96" box="[988,1100,1357,1381]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" value="1988-01-20">
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<collectingDate id="EF81CE2FFFEBFFD7AAA769545665FA96" box="[988,1100,1357,1381]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" value="1988-01-20">20.I.1988</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, POR271 (
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<collectionCode id="ED6A89C2FFEBFFD7ABD7697F5128FA8D" box="[684,769,1382,1406]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1trn-7b59" name="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 'Giacomo Doria'" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">MSNG</collectionCode>
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). — Stn Faraglione,
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<quantity id="4C83BCE2FFEBFFD7AA9C697F5619FA8E" box="[999,1072,1382,1406]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" unit="m" value="100.0">
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<elevation id="0056F634FFEBFFD7AA9C697F5619FA8E" box="[999,1072,1382,1406]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFC537C7FFEBFFD7AD45697F569CFA8D" box="[1086,1205,1382,1406]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" value="1998-02-19">
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<collectingDate id="EF81CE2FFFEBFFD7AD45697F569CFA8D" box="[1086,1205,1382,1406]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" value="1998-02-19">19.II.1998</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, POR265; 1993-1994, POR169, POR172, POR174;
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<date id="FFC537C7FFEBFFD7ABDE69805123FA42" box="[677,778,1433,1457]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" value="1994-01-13">
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<collectingDate id="EF81CE2FFFEBFFD7ABDE69805123FA42" box="[677,778,1433,1457]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" value="1994-01-13">13.I.1994</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, POR278, POR279. — Stn Adelie Cove,
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<date id="FFC537C7FFEBFFD7ABDE69AB5121FA39" box="[677,776,1458,1482]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" value="1994-01-10">
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<collectingDate id="EF81CE2FFFEBFFD7ABDE69AB5121FA39" box="[677,776,1458,1482]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" value="1994-01-10">10.I.1994</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, POR276, POR277; 1989-1990 campaign, POR280.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361428CFFEBFFD7ABDE69E351A8F9AD" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BC41107FFEBFFD7ABDE69E351A8F9AD" blockId="9.[677,1211,1530,1631]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">ETYMOLOGY. — The new species is dedicated to Prof. Michele Sarà who has been heading a benthic research unit of the Italian National Program of Antarctic Research for ten years.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361428CFFEBFFD7ABDE6A6C510BF95B" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC41107FFEBFFD7ABDE6A6C510BF95B" blockId="9.[677,1209,1653,1704]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">
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<collectionCode id="ED6A89C2FFEBFFD7ABDE6A6C5160F978" box="[677,841,1653,1676]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">
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<typeStatus id="54C0AFA5FFEBFFD7ABDE6A6C50F3F978" box="[677,730,1653,1676]" pageId="9" pageNumber="378">TYPE</typeStatus>
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LOCALITY
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</collectionCode>
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. — Terra Nova Bay,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4F77C0FFEBFFD7AD446A6F569CF97D" box="[1087,1205,1654,1678]" degrees="74" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="378" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-74.70555">74°42’20S</geoCoordinate>
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, 164°10’90E.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF04418FFFE8FFD4A9096F5353B0FC76" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757731" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5757731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757731/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379" startId="10.[114,125,842,859]" targetBox="[128,1201,211,800]" targetPageId="10">
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<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE8FFD4A9096F5353B0FC76" blockId="10.[114,1211,842,901]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">
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FIG. 8. —
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B6A84FFE8FFD4A9BC6F53536EFCA8" authority="Calcinai & Pansini, 2000" authorityName="Calcinai & Pansini" authorityYear="2000" box="[199,327,842,859]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="379" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sarai" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE8FFD4A9BC6F53536EFCA8" box="[199,327,842,859]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Microxina sarai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C706EFFE8FFD4A8356F5353ABFCA8" box="[334,386,842,859]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
;
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<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE8FFD4A8F06F5353B1FCA8" bold="true" box="[395,408,842,859]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">A</emphasis>
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||
, paratype;
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||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE8FFD4A8806F535021FCA8" bold="true" box="[507,520,842,859]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">B</emphasis>
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||
, skeletal architecture showing the ascending tracts of oxeas forming superficial brushes;
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||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE8FFD4A9C46F4652E4FC83" bold="true" box="[191,205,863,880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">C</emphasis>
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||
, thin, spicular ectosomal membrane;
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<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE8FFD4AB716F465031FC83" bold="true" box="[522,536,863,880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">D</emphasis>
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, choanosomal skeleton;
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<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE8FFD4AB906F4650DEFC83" bold="true" box="[747,759,863,880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">E</emphasis>
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, microxea;
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<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE8FFD4AA216F46514CFC83" bold="true" box="[858,869,863,880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">F</emphasis>
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, sigma. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 2.5 mm; C, 140 µm; D, 700 µm; E, F, 10 µm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C361428CFFE8FFD4A9096FD5562DFA41" pageId="10" pageNumber="379" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE8FFD4A9096FD5532BFC17" blockId="10.[114,647,972,1305]" box="[114,258,972,998]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE8FFD4A9096FF35058FAEA" blockId="10.[114,647,972,1305]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">
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From the broken specimens available (the biggest is
|
||
<quantity id="4C83BCE2FFE8FFD4A9F3681352E2FBD0" box="[136,203,1033,1060]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="379" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
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high and
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||
<quantity id="4C83BCE2FFE8FFD4A84D68135342FBD0" box="[310,363,1033,1060]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="379" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
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||
across), the sponge is massive amorphous with large lobate processes and may reach a large size (
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<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4A818685E539CFB92" box="[355,437,1095,1121]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,842,859]" captionTargetBox="[128,1201,211,800]" captionTargetId="figure-405@10.[115,1214,195,824]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, paratype; B, skeletal architecture showing the ascending tracts of oxeas forming superficial brushes; C, thin, spicular ectosomal membrane; D, choanosomal skeleton; E, microxea; F, sigma. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 2.5 mm; C, 140 µm; D, 700 µm; E, F, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757731/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
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.) The colour is pale yellow or beige. The sponge is inelastic, tough but very fragile, both wet and dry. The surface is bristly from the protruding spicule brushes. A thin ectosomal membrane is lost in most of the dredged specimens. Oscules are round, slightly raised (
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||
<quantity id="4C83BCE2FFE8FFD4A90068E652FDFAEB" box="[123,212,1278,1305]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 mm</quantity>
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||
), with a diameter of
|
||
<quantity id="4C83BCE2FFE8FFD4A8D568E6502CFAEB" box="[430,517,1278,1305]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6-8 mm</quantity>
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4AB6968E6504CFAEA" box="[530,613,1279,1305]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,842,859]" captionTargetBox="[128,1201,211,800]" captionTargetId="figure-405@10.[115,1214,195,824]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, paratype; B, skeletal architecture showing the ascending tracts of oxeas forming superficial brushes; C, thin, spicular ectosomal membrane; D, choanosomal skeleton; E, microxea; F, sigma. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 2.5 mm; C, 140 µm; D, 700 µm; E, F, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757731/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE8FFD4A909692452EEFAA4" blockId="10.[114,647,1341,1704]" box="[114,199,1341,1367]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE8FFD4A909692452EEFAA4" box="[114,199,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE8FFD4A9096942511AFBF6" blockId="10.[114,647,1341,1704]" lastBlockId="10.[677,1209,972,1029]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">
|
||
The ectosome is a thin layer of disorderly arranged tangential oxeas with abundant microscleres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4A902698052FBFA40" box="[121,210,1433,1459]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,842,859]" captionTargetBox="[128,1201,211,800]" captionTargetId="figure-405@10.[115,1214,195,824]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, paratype; B, skeletal architecture showing the ascending tracts of oxeas forming superficial brushes; C, thin, spicular ectosomal membrane; D, choanosomal skeleton; E, microxea; F, sigma. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 2.5 mm; C, 140 µm; D, 700 µm; E, F, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757731/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The choanosomal skeleton is formed by multispicular (six to ten) tracts of oxeas which dichotomically divide or merge forming a regular ascending pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4A83169EC538EF9FC" box="[330,423,1525,1551]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,842,859]" captionTargetBox="[128,1201,211,800]" captionTargetId="figure-405@10.[115,1214,195,824]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, paratype; B, skeletal architecture showing the ascending tracts of oxeas forming superficial brushes; C, thin, spicular ectosomal membrane; D, choanosomal skeleton; E, microxea; F, sigma. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 2.5 mm; C, 140 µm; D, 700 µm; E, F, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757731/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Primary tracts are connected by oxeas (one to three) thus forming a loose reticulation with scarce spongin. In proximity of the sponge surface, the ascending tracts diverge to form tufts of oxeas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4A8A26A765006F97A" box="[473,559,1647,1673]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,842,859]" captionTargetBox="[128,1201,211,800]" captionTargetId="figure-405@10.[115,1214,195,824]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, paratype; B, skeletal architecture showing the ascending tracts of oxeas forming superficial brushes; C, thin, spicular ectosomal membrane; D, choanosomal skeleton; E, microxea; F, sigma. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 2.5 mm; C, 140 µm; D, 700 µm; E, F, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757731/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||
) which penetrate the dermal membrane. Interstitial oxeas and microscleres are abundant, also in the choanosome.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE8FFD4ABDE683050DCFBB0" blockId="10.[677,1210,1065,1459]" box="[677,757,1065,1091]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE8FFD4ABDE683050DCFBB0" box="[677,757,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE8FFD4ABDE685E568EFB4E" blockId="10.[677,1210,1065,1459]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">
|
||
Oxeas straight or slightly curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4AD79685E567AFB92" box="[1026,1107,1095,1121]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,723,740]" captionTargetBox="[98,1222,206,685]" captionTargetId="figure-501@11.[94,1228,195,693]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 9. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, oxeas; B, small sigmas; C, big, open sigmas; D, microxeas. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B-D, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757733/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
|
||
), measuring 209-382 (278.9) × 14-20 (17.3) µm. Slender forms, which are always straight and generally longer than average are rather frequent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4AD3268BA56B5FB4E" box="[1097,1180,1187,1213]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,723,740]" captionTargetBox="[98,1222,206,685]" captionTargetId="figure-501@11.[94,1228,195,693]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 9. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, oxeas; B, small sigmas; C, big, open sigmas; D, microxeas. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B-D, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757733/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE8FFD4ABDE68DB5174FAA5" blockId="10.[677,1210,1065,1459]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">
|
||
Sigmas occur in two categories. Small sigmas are thin and more closed: 16-24 (25.3) × 1-2 µm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4ABD768E6512CFAEA" box="[684,773,1279,1305]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,842,859]" captionTargetBox="[128,1201,211,800]" captionTargetId="figure-405@10.[115,1214,195,824]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, paratype; B, skeletal architecture showing the ascending tracts of oxeas forming superficial brushes; C, thin, spicular ectosomal membrane; D, choanosomal skeleton; E, microxea; F, sigma. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 2.5 mm; C, 140 µm; D, 700 µm; E, F, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757731/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Figs 8F</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4AA6868E6511FFAEA" box="[787,822,1279,1305]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,723,740]" captionTargetBox="[98,1222,206,685]" captionTargetId="figure-501@11.[94,1228,195,693]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 9. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, oxeas; B, small sigmas; C, big, open sigmas; D, microxeas. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B-D, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757733/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">9B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Large sigmas are slightly thicker and more open in shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4AA946907567CFACB" box="[1007,1109,1310,1336]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,723,740]" captionTargetBox="[98,1222,206,685]" captionTargetId="figure-501@11.[94,1228,195,693]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 9. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, oxeas; B, small sigmas; C, big, open sigmas; D, microxeas. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B-D, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757733/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||
): 36-62 (45.9) × 1-3 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE8FFD4ABDE6942562DFA41" blockId="10.[677,1210,1065,1459]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">
|
||
Microxeas straight or very slightly curved, sometimes with the tips bent back (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4AA9369635615FA67" box="[1000,1084,1402,1428]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,842,859]" captionTargetBox="[128,1201,211,800]" captionTargetId="figure-405@10.[115,1214,195,824]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, paratype; B, skeletal architecture showing the ascending tracts of oxeas forming superficial brushes; C, thin, spicular ectosomal membrane; D, choanosomal skeleton; E, microxea; F, sigma. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 2.5 mm; C, 140 µm; D, 700 µm; E, F, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757731/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Figs 8E</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13400D82FFE8FFD4AD3C69635647FA67" box="[1095,1134,1402,1428]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,723,740]" captionTargetBox="[98,1222,206,685]" captionTargetId="figure-501@11.[94,1228,195,693]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 9. — Microxina sarai n. sp.; A, oxeas; B, small sigmas; C, big, open sigmas; D, microxeas. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B-D, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757733/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">9D</figureCitation>
|
||
). They measure 50-80 (62.8) × 1-2 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361428CFFE8FFD5ABDE69CC5002FB4F" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="380" pageId="10" pageNumber="379" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE8FFD4ABDE69CC5120FA1E" blockId="10.[677,1210,1493,1704]" box="[677,777,1493,1519]" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">REMARKS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE8FFD5ABDE69EC5002FB4F" blockId="10.[677,1210,1493,1704]" lastBlockId="11.[113,647,788,1213]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="380" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">
|
||
The new species is placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B6A84FFE8FFD4AA9C69ED50C9F9DE" authority="Topsent, 1916" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1916" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="379" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE8FFD4AA9C69ED567AF9FE" box="[999,1107,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="379">Microxina</emphasis>
|
||
Topsent, 1916
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on its choanosomal skeleton with characteristic polyspicular tracts ending in superficial tufts and presence of microxeas and sigmas as microscleres. The presence of a thin ectosomal membrane with tangential oxeas is an important character of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B6A84FFE9FFD5A9806F0D537DFCDE" authority="Calcinai & Pansini, 2000" authorityName="Calcinai & Pansini" authorityYear="2000" box="[251,340,788,813]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sarai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5A9806F0D537DFCDE" box="[251,340,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">M. sarai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C706EFFE9FFD5A8266F0D53B3FCDD" box="[349,410,788,814]" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
that is not shared by the other species in this genus. Two other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B6A84FFE9FFD5A9EA6F4852D6FC99" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1916" box="[145,255,849,874]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5A9EA6F4852D6FC99" box="[145,255,849,874]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">Microxina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with microxeas as microscleres are known from the Antarctic:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B6A84FFE9FFD5A8E36F69529EFC5A" authority="(Topsent, 1901)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1901" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5A8E36F695030FC78" box="[408,537,880,907]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">M. benedeni</emphasis>
|
||
(Topsent, 1901)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B6A84FFE9FFD5A98E6F965014FC5A" authority="(Topsent, 1916)" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[245,573,911,937]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5A98E6F965358FC5A" box="[245,369,911,937]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">M. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
(Topsent, 1916)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They share with the new species the structure of the choanosomal skeleton, but the polyspicular tracts (15-20 oxeas) are much stouter and the oxea size is at least twice as big. Also their external morphology is different because they have an uneven surface covered by long slender processes (especially in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B6A84FFE9FFD5A9A9687C537EFB73" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[210,343,1125,1152]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5A9A9687C537EFB73" box="[210,343,1125,1152]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">M. benedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) that gives them a peculiar spiny appearance. Several specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B6A84FFE9FFD5AB5D689D52B7FB4E" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1901" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5AB5D689D52B7FB4E" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">M. benedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were recorded from Terra Nova Bay.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF04418FFFE9FFD5A90A6ECA5699FD17" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757733" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5757733" box="[113,1200,723,740]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5757733/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" startId="11.[113,124,723,740]" targetBox="[98,1222,206,685]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE9FFD5A90A6ECA5699FD17" blockId="11.[113,1200,723,740]" box="[113,1200,723,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">
|
||
FIG. 9. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B6A84FFE9FFD5A9BA6ECA5317FD17" authority="Calcinai & Pansini, 2000" authorityName="Calcinai & Pansini" authorityYear="2000" box="[193,318,723,740]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sarai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5A9BA6ECA5317FD17" box="[193,318,723,740]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">Microxina sarai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C706EFFE9FFD5A8386ECA535CFD17" box="[323,373,723,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5A8076ECA53A0FD17" bold="true" box="[380,393,723,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">A</emphasis>
|
||
, oxeas;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5A8B46ECA53F5FD17" bold="true" box="[463,476,723,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">B</emphasis>
|
||
, small sigmas;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5AB266ECA5042FD17" bold="true" box="[605,619,723,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">C</emphasis>
|
||
, big, open sigmas;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5AA746ECA5134FD17" bold="true" box="[783,797,723,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">D</emphasis>
|
||
, microxeas. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B-D, 50 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361428CFFE9FFD5A90A68F9530FF9FC" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE9FFD5A90A68F952F0FB0B" blockId="11.[113,647,1248,1551]" box="[113,217,1248,1274]" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">ECOLOGY</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC41107FFE9FFD5A90A68E6530FF9FC" blockId="11.[113,647,1248,1551]" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">
|
||
The species is abundant on the continental shelf of Terra Nova Bay between 95 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C83BCE2FFE9FFD5A88C69075069FAC4" box="[503,576,1309,1336]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" unit="m" value="110.0">110 m</quantity>
|
||
depth on hard bottoms with a clear sponge predominance (Cattaneo-Vietti
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5A8F5694253E9FA86" box="[398,448,1371,1397]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999b). It may attain a remarkable size (at least
|
||
<quantity id="4C83BCE2FFE9FFD5A8AB6963503DFA60" box="[464,532,1401,1428]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
in height) as seen on the R.O.V. videos but since it looks very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B6A84FFE9FFD5A86769AE50AFFA22" authority="(Topsent, 1901)" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[284,646,1463,1489]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="380" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rudis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FCD15FFE9FFD5A86769AE53E0FA22" box="[284,457,1463,1489]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="380">Microxina rudis</emphasis>
|
||
(Topsent, 1901)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the same area, the image interpretation requires caution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |