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1796 lines
303 KiB
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<mods:title id="AD60EC4CD0BB84D43F3AD5BABE8E8DA7">Review of Grosphus Simon 1880 with description of Teruelius gen n a new buthid genus from Madagascar (Scorpiones Buthidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6CB62C8538FB980EE1A7E0239E06470E">Lowe, Graeme</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1FBA6544E3FFB0BF3B11EE978B1D607E">Euscorpius</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03BB8789FFB9FFAA27A9D257FD18FF05" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143616" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202133035" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7143616" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB8789FFB9FFAA27A9D257FD18FF05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB8789FFB9FFAA27A9D257FD18FF05" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="C3086514FFB9FFAF27A9D257FDCFFF0D" box="[248,637,813,843]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2600D254FDCFFF0D" ID-CoL="4R7C" authority="Simon, 1880" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1880" box="[337,637,813,843]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2600D254FE63FF0C" bold="true" box="[337,465,813,842]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2688D254FDCFFF0D" author="Simon" box="[473,637,813,843]" firstAuthor="Simon" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="377 - 398" refId="ref42670" refString="SIMON, E. 1880. Etudes arachnologiques 12 e Memorie (1). XVIII. Descriptions de genres et especes de l'ordre des Scorpiones. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, (5), 10: 377 - 398." type="journal article" year="1880">Simon, 1880</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="C3086514FFB9FFAF2727D228FD4EFFEF" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2727D228FD4EFFEF" blockId="8.[118,766,813,937]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF272FD228FF57FF2F" box="[126,229,849,873]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="3.[113,190,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[160,1441,242,1965]" captionTargetId="figure-40@3.[135,1472,234,1969]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–4. Grosphus madagascariensis. Type species of Grosphus Simon, 1880. Habitus. Male (1–2) and female (3–4), in dorsal (1, 3) and ventral (2, 4) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143612" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143612/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF27A1D228FE95FF2F" box="[240,295,849,873]" captionStart="Figures 9–20" captionStartId="11.[116,190,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[129,1461,231,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-144@11.[129,1461,231,1903]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 9–20. Position of femur trichobothrium d 2in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Dorsal surfaces of proximal pedipalp femur of adult females (♀, left panels) and adult males (♂, right panels), underUV fluorescence to highlightgranulation,carinae and trichobothrial areolae.Whitearrows indicate positions of trichobothrium d in each image. G. madagascariensis (9, 10; 2 samples from Anjiro (9) and Andasibe (10) show consistency of d 2 2 position),G. hirtus(11), G. voahangyae (12), T. ankarafantsika (13, 15; 2 samples fromAmpijoroa show consistency ofd 2position),T. ankarana (14), T. flavopiceus (16), T. grandidieri (17), T. limbatus (18), T. mahafaliensis (19), and T. olgae (20). Scale bars: 1 mm (9–20♀) or 500 μm (20 ♂)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143618" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143618/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">9–12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2663D228FE75FF2F" box="[306,455,849,873]" captionStart-0="Figures 21–27" captionStart-1="Figures 28–29" captionStart-2="Figures 30–35" captionStart-3="Figures 36–39" captionStart-4="Figures 40–51" captionStartId-0="14.[113,188,1859,1881]" captionStartId-1="18.[113,190,1953,1975]" captionStartId-2="19.[113,190,1773,1795]" captionStartId-3="20.[113,190,1388,1410]" captionStartId-4="22.[113,188,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox-0="[114,1474,227,1840]" captionTargetBox-2="[118,1455,257,1710]" captionTargetBox-3="[121,1471,246,1361]" captionTargetBox-4="[113,1474,234,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-206@14.[113,1474,222,1851]" captionTargetId-1="figure-131@18.[113,1474,255,1915]" captionTargetId-2="figure-204@19.[113,1474,251,1714]" captionTargetId-3="figure-425@20.[113,1474,234,1383]" captionTargetId-4="figure-124@22.[113,1474,234,1922]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionTargetPageId-3="20" captionTargetPageId-4="22" captionText-0="Figures 21–27. Positions of trichobothria Eb, Eb and petite Eb on manus of pedipalp chela in Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. 1 2 3 n. Figures 21–24. External views of pedipalp chela, shown under UV fluorescence to highlight trichobothrial areolae. G. hirtus ♂ (21), G. madagascariensis ♀ (22), T. limbatus ♂ (23), T. ankarafantsika ♀ (24). Positions of Eb 1, Eb 2 and Eb 3 and lines joining them shown as white overlays. Scale bars: 2 mm. Figures 25–26. Horizontal histograms comparing ratios, R = d(Eb, Eb)/ d(Eb, Eb), of Eb -Eb distance, to Eb - 123 2 3 1 2 2 3 1 Eb distance, in males (25), and females (26) of Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Error bars indicate ranges (minimum, maximum), 2 histogram bars mid-range values. Figure 27. Scatter plot of male vs. female ratios R. Ratio is larger in males if points fall above the diagonal 123 (gray) line, larger in females if they fall below it." captionText-1="Figures 28–29. Variation in pectinal tooth count (PTC) in Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Horizontal histograms comparing PTC in males (28), and females (29) of Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Error bars indicate ranges (minimum, maximum), bars mid-range values." captionText-2="Figures 30–35. Variation in pectinal tooth count (PTC) in Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Figures 30–31. Logarithmic scatter plots showing scaling of PTC vs. carapace length in males (30), and females (31) of Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Color lines are least squares linear regression fits of scaling trends for the different genera. Figures 32–33. Logarithmic scatter plots showing scaling of PTC vs. carapace length in Figs. 30–31 superposed upon overall scaling trends for a larger sample of male (32) and female (33) buthids including both α and β trichobothrial configurations (gray symbols; 1055♂, 1046♀). Dark lines: least squares linear regression fits of scaling trends for larger sample of buthids. Figures 34–35. Logarithmic scatter plots showing scaling of PTC vs. carapace length in Figs. 30–31 superposed upon overall scaling trends for a larger sample of male (34) and female (35) α-buthids restricted to α trichobothrial configurations (gray symbols; 445♂, 371♀). Dark lines: least squares linear regression fits of scaling trends for α-buthids. Numbers: slopes of regression lines (= allometric exponents). Purple symbols and lines: outgroup Pseudolychas." captionText-3="Figures 36–39. Comparative biometrics of female basal pectinal tooth and hemispermatophore trunk of Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Figures 36–37. Logarithmic scatter plots showing scaling of length of female basal pectinal tooth vs. carapace length (36), and hemispermatophore trunk length vs. carapace length (37). Color lines: least squares linear regression fits of scaling trends for the different genera. Figures 38–39. Logarithmic scatter plots of female basal pectinal tooth length vs. hemispermatophore trunk length (38), and the ratio of basal pectinal tooth length/ hemispermatophore trunk length (%) vs. hemispermatophore trunk length, showing fraction of trunk spanned by the female tooth (39). Female basal pectinal tooth length measured as chord length, from more proximal corner (along comb axis) at base of tooth, to more distal corner (along comb axis) at tip of tooth. Trunk length measured from proximal edge of basal lobe to pedicel (foot). Color lines: least squares linear regression fits of scaling trends for the different genera." captionText-4="Figures 40–51. Female basal pectinal teeth in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Ventral views of proximal left pectine of females shown under UV fluorescence to highlight cuticular surface texture, setation and absence of peg sensillae on basal tooth vs. their presence on other teeth. G. sp. nr hirtus (40), G. madagascariensis (41), G. hirtus (42), G. voahangyae (43), T. ankarafantsika (44–45; 2 samples fromAmpijoroa show variation in tooth shape), T. ankarana (46), T. flavopiceus (47), T. grandidieri (48), T. limbatus (49), T. mahafaliensis (50), and T. olgae (51). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143620" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143622" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143626" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143628" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143634" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7143620/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7143622/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7143626/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7143628/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7143634/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">21–22, 25–43</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2683D228FDAAFF2F" box="[466,536,849,873]" captionStart="Figures 52–70" captionStartId="24.[113,190,1591,1613]" captionTargetBox="[116,1470,248,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-361@24.[113,1474,248,1527]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figures 52–70. Hemispermatophores and capsule regions of Grosphus and Neogrosphus. Multi-panel figures show: whole hemispermatophore; whole hemispermatophore and capsule with flagellum; capsule region in convex (and/ or convex compressed), anterior and posterior views (panels in left to right sequence). Right hemispermatophores unless indicated as mirrored left images. Figure 52. G. madagascariensis, whole hemispermatophore (scale bar: 2 mm), capsule and flagellum (scale bar: 1 mm). Figure 53. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Sc1197, Andasibe, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 54. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Anjiro, G. halleuxi nr topotype, GLPC. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 55. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Mandena- Fort Dauphin, G. mandena paratype, MHNG.Scale bar: 500 μm.Figure 56. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Madagascar, det. Vachon, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 57. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Andasibe, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 58. G. goudoti, whole hemispermatophore. Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 59. G. goudoti, capsule, Forêt de Bobankota, holotype, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 60. G. hirtus, whole hemispermatophore (scale bar: 2 mm), capsule and flagellum (scale bar: 1 mm), Antsiranana, Ramena vill., mirrored left, GLPC, FKCP. Figure 61. G. hirtus, capsule, Mahajamba River, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figures 62–65. G. hirtus, capsules in convex view.Antsiranana, Ramena vill., mirrored left, GLPC, FKCP (62), Jardin Botanique, MHNG (63), Ranohira-Llakaka, ZMUH, mirrored left (64), Forêt de Vohitaly, MHNG (65). Scale bars: 500 μm. Figure 66. G. hirtus, capsule, Forest Station Ampijoroa, G. garciai holotype, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 67. G. voahangyae, whole hemispermatophore. Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 68. G. voahangyae, capsule, Analamy Forest, FMNH. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 69. N. griveaudi, whole hemispermatophore (flagellum truncated). Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 70. N. griveaudi, capsule, mirrored left, Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, GLPC, FKCP." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143636/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">52–68</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2573D228FD8DFF2F" box="[546,575,849,873]" captionStart="Figures 86–89" captionStartId="27.[114,191,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[122,1468,260,1754]" captionTargetId="figure-170@27.[113,1474,234,1762]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figures 86–89. Hemispermatophores and capsule regions of Grosphus and Neogrosphus. Cross stereoscopic convex views. Scale bars: 500 μm. Figure 86. G. madagascariensis, Sc1197, Andasibe, GLPC, FKCP. Figure 87. N. griveaudi, mirrored left, Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, GLPC, FKCP. Figure 88. G. goudoti, Forêt de Bobankota, holotype, MHNG. Figure 89. G. voahangyae, Analamy Forest, FMNH." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143643" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143643/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">86</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF251BD228FD48FF2F" box="[586,762,849,873]" captionStart-0="Figures 94–105" captionStart-1="Figures 95–110" captionStart-2="Figures 110–113" captionStart-3="Figures 114–116" captionStart-4="Figures 117–120" captionStart-5="Figure 121" captionStart-6="Figures 122–126" captionStartId-0="30.[113,190,1913,1935]" captionStartId-1="18.[113,190,1408,1430]" captionStartId-2="32.[113,190,1684,1706]" captionStartId-3="33.[113,190,1610,1632]" captionStartId-4="35.[113,190,1782,1804]" captionStartId-5="36.[113,181,1915,1937]" captionStartId-6="38.[113,190,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox-0="[113,1474,242,1772]" captionTargetBox-1="[113,1475,255,1894]" captionTargetBox-2="[113,1474,276,1623]" captionTargetBox-3="[128,1470,242,1585]" captionTargetBox-4="[132,1464,278,1712]" captionTargetBox-5="[120,1469,286,1859]" captionTargetBox-6="[180,1420,247,1929]" captionTargetId-0="figure-126@30.[113,1474,242,1772]" captionTargetId-1="figure-131@18.[113,1474,255,1915]" captionTargetId-2="figure-16@32.[113,1474,266,1629]" captionTargetId-3="figure-262@33.[113,1474,234,1604]" captionTargetId-4="figure-194@35.[113,1474,274,1732]" captionTargetId-5="figure-94@36.[113,1474,282,1865]" captionTargetId-6="figure-75@38.[126,1459,234,1942]" captionTargetPageId-0="30" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="32" captionTargetPageId-3="33" captionTargetPageId-4="35" captionTargetPageId-5="36" captionTargetPageId-6="38" captionText-0="Figures 94–105. Spiracles on sternite IV in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Spiracle on right side of sternite IV in adult females (♀, left panels) and adult males (♂, right panels), shown under UV fluorescence. G. madagascariensis (94 from Anjiro, 95 from Andasibe), G. hirtus (96), G. hirtus (= G. h. garciai) (97), G. voahangyae (98), T. ankarafantsika (99), T. ankarana (100), T. flavopiceus (101), T. grandidieri (102), T. limbatus (103), T. mahafaliensis (104), and T. olgae (105). Scale bars: 200 μm (96–98), 400 μm (94–95, 99, 103–105) or 1 mm (100–102)." captionText-1="Figures 95–110: Orthochirus mesopotamicus comb. n., from Iraq, Basra (ca. 30°48’N 47°34’E). Figures 95, 97, 100–110. Male, carapace and tergites I–III (95), sternopectinal region and sternites (97). Pedipalp chela, dorsal (100), external (101), and ventrointernal (102) views. Pedipalp patella, dorsal (103), external (104), and ventral (105) views. Pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (106) and dorsoexternal (107) views. Pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (108). Distal segments of right legs III–IV, retrolateral views (109–110). Figures 96, 98–99. Female, carapace and tergites I–III (96), sternopectinal region and sternites (98), and pedipalp chela dorsoexternal (99). The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 101–104, 106–107 (white circles)." captionText-2="Figures 110–113. Biometric scaling of spiracles of sternite IV in Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Figures 110–111. Logarithmic scatter plots showing scaling of single spiracle area/ (carapace length)2 vs. carapace length in males (110), and females (111) of Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Spiracle length was largest diameter (approximately along mediolateral axis), width was smallest diameter (approximately along rostrocaudal axis). Area was from closed boundary curve: anterior edge of opening sharply delineated, posterior edge sometimes less sharp and fitted with spline curve extrapolating lateral edge curvature and tracing shadow of raised posterior margin. Brown line is least squares linear regression fit of scaling trends for Teruelius. R = Pearson correlation coefficient, and P value as indicated. Plotted points are means, error bars SE. Figures 112–113. Logarithmic scatter plots showing thermal (terrestrial temperature) scaling of spiracle area/ (carapace length)2 in males (112), and females (113) of Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Gray lines are least squares linear regression fits of scaling trends for all points. R = Pearson correlation coefficient, P value as indicated. Plotted points are means, error bars SE. Land surface temperatures at known collection sites were averaged over all sites for each species. Collection sites were extracted from published data and FMNH records. Temperatures were extracted from published model data of Chabot-Couture et al. (2014), who estimated annual mean daytime temperature by statistical processing and Kriging of remote sensing spectral radiance by AQUA satellite." captionText-3="Figures 114–116. Biometrics of spiracles of sternite IV in Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Logarithmic scatter plots showing sexual dimorphism of spiracle area/ (carapace length)2 (114), spiracle width/ carapace length (115), and spiracle length/ width (116) in Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Plotted points are means, error bars SE. Ratios are larger in males if points fall above the diagonal (gray) line, larger in females if they fall below it." captionText-4="Figures 117–120. Distributions of Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. superposed on climate maps. Figure 117. Collection sites superposed on average rainfall map. Figure 118. Collection sites superposed on land temperature map. Figure 119. Distribution of each genus according to average rainfall. Figure 120. Distribution of each genus according to land temperature. Vertical histogram bars in Figs 119–120 are means, error bars SE. P-values and asterisks indicate significant differences of Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. means from Grosphus means. Symbols in bar charts are collection sites collapsed along rainfall axis (119), or temperature axis (120). Inset horizontal histograms show relative (normalized) densities of points vs. rainfall or temperature (vertical axes). Collection sites were extracted from published data and FMNH records. Rainfall and temperatures were extracted from published model data of Chabot-Couture et al. (2014), who estimated January and July rainfalls by interpolation of RFE 2.0 data, and annual mean daytime temperature by statistical processing and Kriging of remote sensing spectral radiance by AQUA satellite. We averaged January and July rainfalls to generate a single map." captionText-5="Figure 121. Bioclimatic zone distributions of Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. in Madagascar. Collection sites were extracted from published data and FMNH records, and their bioclimatic classification visualized by superposition on zone boundaries defined by Cornet (1974). Colored regions show zones as delineated by Cornet, and symbols for genera are placed on the map and on zone keys of Cornet (upper left inset) to show ranges of humidity and temperature tolerance of each genus." captionText-6="Figures 122–126. Ventral aspect of metasoma and telson of adult males (♂) or females (♀) of representative Grosphus spp. and Teruelius limbatus under UV fluorescence to reveal carination and granulation. G. hirtus (122), G. madagascariensis (123 from Anjiro, 124 from Andasibe), G. voahangyae (125), and T. limbatus (126). Scale bars: 4 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143649" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143657" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143663" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143665" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143669" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143671" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7143649/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7143657/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7143663/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7143665/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7143669/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7143671/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">94–98, 106–125</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF272FD208FF6CFFCF" box="[126,222,881,905]" captionStart="Figures 133–144" captionStartId="40.[113,190,1293,1315]" captionTargetBox="[118,1474,249,1273]" captionTargetId="figure-523@40.[113,1474,227,1273]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figures 133–144. Ventral setation of telotarsus III in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Ventral surfaces of right telotarsus III of adult males (♂) or females (♀), shown under UV fluorescence to highlight setation. Macrosetae appear dark with strongly fluorescent cuticular sockets at their base. Putative chemosensory microsetae appear bright. G. hirtus (= G. h. garciai) (133), G. hirtus (134), G. madagascariensis (135, from Anjiro, 136 from Andasibe), G. voahangyae (137), T. ankarafantsika (138), T. limbatus (139), T. mahafaliensis (140), T. ankarana (141), T. grandidieri (142), T. flavopiceus (143), and T. olgae (144). Scale bars: 500 μm (133–140, 144) and 1 mm (141–143)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143677" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143677/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">133–136</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF27B9D208FEFAFFCF" box="[232,328,881,905]" captionStart="Figures 145–157" captionStartId="41.[113,190,1502,1524]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,234,1490]" captionTargetId="figure-392@41.[113,1474,234,1490]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figures 145–157. Comparative intensity of UV fluorescence in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Photographic comparison of fluorescence emission intensities of representative species of each genus, including adult males (♂) or females (♀). G. madagascariensis (145 from Anjiro, 148 from Andasibe), G. hirtus (146), G. voahangyae (147), G. hirtus (= G. h. garciai) (149), T. ankarafantsika (150), T. grandidieri (151), T. olgae (152), T. flavopiceus (153), T. ankarana (154–155), T. mahafaliensis (156), and T. limbatus (157). Images acquired under identical intensities of UV excitation (395 nm LED source, 0.35 A current) and camera exposure (Canon EOS 7D Mark II, 100 mm f/13, 0.5 s, ISO 320), with 475 nm longpass filter to block excitation wavelengths. Scale bars: 10 mm (145–150, 152–153, 156–157), 20 mm (151, 154–155)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143681/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">145–149</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2602D208FE01FFCF" box="[339,435,881,905]" captionStart="Figures 158-160" captionStartId="42.[113,190,695,717]" captionTargetBox="[114,1470,251,674]" captionTargetId="figure-866@42.[113,1474,234,683]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figures 158-160. Comparative intensity of UV fluorescence in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Figure 158. Horizontal histograms comparing relative fluorescence emission intensities measured by photodiode current, for Grosphus and Teruelius species.Histogram bars are means, error bars are SE, species averages over all samples, male and female (sexes not significantly different, P> 0.05). Sample sizes: G. hirtus, 1♂, 1♀; G. sp. nr hirtus, 6♀; G. madagascariensis, 9♂, 1♀; G. voahangyae, 4♂, 1♀; T. ankarafantsika, 2♂, 2♀; T. ankarana, 1♂, 1♀; T. flavopiceus, 1♂, 1♀; T. grandidieri, 1♂, 1♀; T. limbatus, 6♂, 5♀; T. mahafaliensis, 2♂, 2♀; T. olgae, 1♂, 1♀. Sample means may not reflect single specimen intensities recorded in Figs. 145–157. Figure 159. Time course of photodiode current in UV fluorescence emission measurement for T. limbatus (upper curve), and two specimens of G. madagascariensis (middle and lower curves) over 620 s. Arrow indicates time of shutter opening to initiate UV excitation.160. Photobleaching time course for UV fluorescence emission of T. limbatus (middle curve) and G. madagascariensis (upper and lower curves) over 600 s following shutter opening (see Fig. 159). Ordinate is percentage bleaching relative to initial fluorescence after shutter opening. Blue curves are mono-exponential fits with decay time constants: T. limbatus, 640.2 s; G. madagascariensis, #1 654.4 s and #2 347.5 s." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143685/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">158–160</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF26EFD208FDACFFCF" box="[446,542,881,905]" captionStart="Figures 165–180" captionStartId="63.[113,190,1958,1980]" captionTargetBox="[113,1473,312,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-73@63.[113,1473,312,1921]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="Figures 165–180. Carapace of representative Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. G. madagascariensis (165, 168), G. hirtus (166–167), G. voahangyae (169), T. ankarafantsika (170–171), T. ankarana (172), T. flavopiceus (173–174), T. grandidieri (175), T. limbatus (176), T.mahafaliensis (177–178) andT. olgae (179–180).UV fluorescence,♂male, ♀female.Scale bars:2mm (165–171, 176–180),4 mm (172–175)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143694" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143694/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">165–169</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2579D208FD3AFFCF" box="[552,648,881,905]" captionStart="Figures 181–195" captionStartId="64.[113,190,1953,1975]" captionTargetId="figure-71@64.[113,1474,242,1670]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Figures 181–195. Telson of representativeGrosphus andTeruelius gen. n. G. hirtus (181–182), G. madagascariensis (183–184), G. voahangyae (185), T. ankarafantsika (186–187), T. ankarana (188), T. flavopiceus (189), T. grandidieri (190–191), T. limbatus (192), T. mahafaliensis (193) and T. olgae (194–195). UV fluorescence, ♂ male, ♀ female. Scale bars: 2 mm (181–187, 192–195), 4 mm (188–191)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143700" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143700/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">181–185</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF25C2D208FD41FFCF" box="[659,755,881,905]" captionStart="Figures 196–210" captionStartId="65.[113,190,1950,1972]" captionTargetId="figure-77@65.[113,1474,234,1589]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="Figures 196–210. Female basal pectinal teeth of representative Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. G. hirtus (196–198), G. madagascariensis (199), G. madagascariensis, paratype of G. mandena(200), T. ankarafantsika (201),T. ankarana (202), T. annulatus (203),T. bistriatus (204), T. flavopiceus (205), T. grandidieri (206), T. intertidalis (207), T. limbatus (208), T. mahafaliensis (209), T. feti (210)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143706" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143706/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">196–200</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2729D2E8FF65FFEF" box="[120,215,913,937]" captionStart="Figures 211–226" captionStartId="66.[113,190,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[117,1466,234,1743]" captionTargetId="figure-88@66.[113,1474,234,1743]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="Figures 211–226. Ventral tarsal setation of legs III or IV in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. G. goudoti (211), G. hirtus (212), G. hirtus (G. garciai) (213), G. madagascariensis (214), G. madagascariensis (G. mandena) (215), Teruelius ankarana (216), T. flavopiceus (217), T. annulatus (218), T. ankarafantsika (219–220), T. bistriatus (221), T. intertidalis (222), T. grandidieri (223), T. mahafaliensis (224), T. limbatus (225), T. feti (226)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143708/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">211–215</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF27B3D2E8FEF0FFEF" box="[226,322,913,937]" captionStart="Figures 227–230" captionStartId="67.[113,190,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,234,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-2@67.[113,1474,234,1902]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="Figures 227–230. Right lateral eyes of Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. G. madagascariensis (227), G. voahangyae (228), T. limbatus (229) and T. flavopiceus (230). All species comply with the 5-eye buthid pattern with series of 3 larger ocelli in lower position, and two smaller ocelli in posterior and upper positions. UV fluorescence, males. Scale bars: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143712/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">227–228</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF261CD2E8FE1FFFEF" box="[333,429,913,937]" captionStart="Figures 231–238" captionStartId="68.[112,189,1958,1980]" captionTargetId="figure-61@68.[113,1474,234,1421]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Figures 231–238. Males. Right chelicera. Figures 231–234. Grosphus madagascariensis, dorsal (231, 233) and ventral (232, 234) views, under white light (231–232) and UV fluorescence (233–234). Figures 235–238. Teruelius limbatus, dorsal (235, 237) and ventral (236, 238) views, under white light (235–236) and UV fluorescence (237–238). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143714/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">231–234</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF26E6D2E8FDA5FFEF" box="[439,535,913,937]" captionStart-0="Figures 239–243" captionStart-1="Figures 244–258" captionStart-10="Figures 316–319" captionStart-11="Figures 320–340" captionStart-12="Figures 341–347" captionStart-13="Figures 348–351" captionStart-14="Figures 352–355" captionStart-15="Figures 356–361" captionStart-16="Figures 362–365" captionStart-17="Figures 366–386" captionStart-2="Figures 259–262" captionStart-3="Figures 263–266" captionStart-4="Figures 267–274" captionStart-5="Figures 275–290" captionStart-6="Figures 291–292" captionStart-7="Figures 293–305" captionStart-8="Figures 306–309" captionStart-9="Figures 310–315" captionStartId-0="69.[115,192,1977,1999]" captionStartId-1="70.[113,190,1928,1950]" captionStartId-10="79.[113,190,1998,2020]" captionStartId-11="80.[113,190,1936,1958]" captionStartId-12="81.[113,190,1954,1976]" captionStartId-13="82.[113,190,1977,1999]" captionStartId-14="83.[113,190,1983,2005]" captionStartId-15="84.[111,188,1979,2001]" captionStartId-16="85.[113,190,1983,2005]" captionStartId-17="86.[113,190,1930,1952]" captionStartId-2="71.[116,193,2009,2031]" captionStartId-3="72.[114,191,1990,2012]" captionStartId-4="73.[113,190,1971,1993]" captionStartId-5="74.[113,190,1891,1913]" captionStartId-6="75.[113,190,2001,2023]" captionStartId-7="76.[113,190,1905,1927]" captionStartId-8="77.[113,190,1975,1997]" captionStartId-9="78.[113,190,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox-0="[113,1471,243,1940]" captionTargetBox-1="[131,1468,257,1888]" captionTargetBox-10="[117,1450,260,1895]" captionTargetBox-11="[146,1448,244,1927]" captionTargetBox-12="[136,1456,253,1871]" captionTargetBox-13="[121,1471,242,1946]" captionTargetBox-14="[124,1457,249,1928]" captionTargetBox-15="[126,1469,249,1862]" captionTargetBox-16="[114,1468,253,1900]" captionTargetBox-17="[135,1457,246,1868]" captionTargetBox-2="[130,1463,270,1921]" captionTargetBox-3="[164,1417,237,1969]" captionTargetBox-4="[114,1473,247,1921]" captionTargetBox-5="[113,1474,250,1853]" captionTargetBox-6="[123,1470,249,1812]" captionTargetBox-7="[113,1466,240,1854]" captionTargetBox-8="[130,1466,253,1836]" captionTargetBox-9="[127,1464,246,1951]" captionTargetId-0="figure-37@69.[113,1474,234,1940]" captionTargetId-1="figure-1@70.[113,1474,248,1900]" captionTargetId-10="figure-23@79.[113,1474,234,1908]" captionTargetId-11="figure-1@80.[117,1470,234,1938]" captionTargetId-12="figure-48@81.[123,1497,234,1879]" captionTargetId-13="figure-33@82.[115,1476,236,1951]" captionTargetId-14="figure-28@83.[116,1477,234,1928]" captionTargetId-15="figure-1@84.[111,1472,234,1892]" captionTargetId-16="figure-36@85.[113,1474,234,1926]" captionTargetId-17="figure-71@86.[113,1474,234,1877]" captionTargetId-2="figure-20@71.[113,1474,266,1956]" captionTargetId-3="figure-29@72.[129,1462,234,1977]" captionTargetId-4="figure-41@73.[113,1474,236,1940]" captionTargetId-5="figure-102@74.[113,1474,236,1853]" captionTargetId-6="figure-25@75.[113,1474,234,1847]" captionTargetId-7="figure-101@76.[113,1474,234,1856]" captionTargetId-8="figure-2@77.[113,1474,234,1864]" captionTargetId-9="figure-32@78.[117,1471,234,1962]" captionTargetPageId-0="69" captionTargetPageId-1="70" captionTargetPageId-10="79" captionTargetPageId-11="80" captionTargetPageId-12="81" captionTargetPageId-13="82" captionTargetPageId-14="83" captionTargetPageId-15="84" captionTargetPageId-16="85" captionTargetPageId-17="86" captionTargetPageId-2="71" captionTargetPageId-3="72" captionTargetPageId-4="73" captionTargetPageId-5="74" captionTargetPageId-6="75" captionTargetPageId-7="76" captionTargetPageId-8="77" captionTargetPageId-9="78" captionText-0="Figures 239–243. Grosphus goudoti, male holotype, dorsal (239) and ventral (240) views, sternopectinal region and sternites III–IV (241), carapace and tergites I–III (242), and original label (243). Scale bar: 10 mm (239–240)." captionText-1="Figures 244–258. Grosphus goudoti, male holotype, pedipalp chela, dorsal (244), external (245), and ventrointernal (246) views; pedipalp patella, dorsal (247), external (248), and ventral (249) views; pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (250) and dorsal (251) views; pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (252); right chelicera, dorsal (253) and ventral (254) views; telson lateral view (255); metasoma and telson, lateral (256), dorsal (257) and ventral (258) views." captionText-10="Figures 316–319. Grosphus madagascariensis, male, right legs I–IV tibia, basitarsus and telotarsus, retrolateral views. Scale bar: 2 mm." captionText-11="Figures 320–340. Grosphus madagascariensis. Pedipalp. Male (320–330) and female (331–340). Chela in dorsal (320, 331), external (321, 332) and ventrointernal (322, 333) views. Patella in dorsal (323, 334), external (324, 335) and ventral (325, 336) views. Femur and trochanter in internal (326, 337), dorsal (327, 338), ventral (329, 339) and external (329, 340) views. Pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (330). Scale bar: 4 mm." captionText-12="Figures 341–347. Grosphus madagascariensis. Pedipalp. Male. Chela in dorsal (341), external (342) and ventrointernal (343) views. Patella in dorsal (344) and external (345) views. Femur and trochanter in internal (346) and dorsoexternal (347) views. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated by white circles." captionText-13="Figures 348–351. Grosphus madagascariensis. Habitus. Male holotype (348–349) and female paratype (350–351) of Grosphus mandena in dorsal (348, 350) and ventral (349, 351) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." captionText-14="Figures 352–355. Grosphus voahangyae. Habitus. Male (352–353) and female (354–355), dorsal (352, 354) and ventral (353, 355) views. Scale bars: 5 mm." captionText-15="Figures 356–361. Grosphus voahangyae. Metasoma. Male (356–358) and female (359–361), dorsal (356, 359), lateral (357, 360) and ventral (358, 361) views. Scale bars: 2 mm." captionText-16="Figures 362–365. Grosphus voahangyae, male, left legs I–IV tibia, basitarsus and telotarsus, retrolateral views. Leg I (362), leg II (363), leg III (364), leg IV (365). Scale bar: 1 mm." captionText-17="Figures 366–386. Grosphus voahangyae. Pedipalp. Male (366–376) and female (377–386). Chela in dorsal (366, 377), external (367, 378) and ventral (368, 379) views. Patella in dorsal (369, 380), external (370, 381) and ventral (371, 382) views. Femur and trochanter in internal (372, 383), dorsal (373, 385), external (375, 386) and ventral (374, 384) views. Pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (376). Scale bars: 2 mm (366–375, 377–386)." captionText-2="Figures 259–262. Grosphus goudoti, male holotype, distal segments of right legs I–IV, retrolateral views." captionText-3="Figures 263–266. Grosphus hirtus, habitus. Male (263–264) and female (265–266), in dorsal (263, 265) and ventral (264, 2662) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." captionText-4="Figures 267–274. Grosphus hirtus, telson lateral view in male (267) and female (268); metasoma and telson in male and female, lateral (269, 272), ventral (270, 273) and dorsal (271, 274) views. Scale bar: 10 mm (269–274)." captionText-5="Figures 275–290. Grosphus hirtus. Figures 275–277, 289–290. Female, pedipalp chela, dorsal (275) and external (276) views, pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (277) view; sternopectinal region and sternite III (289) and carapace and tergites I–III (290). Figures 278–288. Male, pedipalp chela, dorsal (278), external (279) and ventrointernal (280) views; pedipalp patella, dorsal (281), external (282) and ventral (283) views; pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (284) and dorsoexternal (285) views; pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (286); sternopectinal region and sternite III (287) and carapace and tergites I–III (288)." captionText-6="Figures 291–292. Grosphus hirtus, male holotype of G. garciai, dorsal (291) and ventral (292) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." captionText-7="Figures 293–305. Grosphus hirtus. Figure 293. Juvenile paratype of G. garciai, pedipalp chela dorsal. Figures 294–305. Grosphus hirtus, male holotype of G. garciai. Figures 294–302. Left pedipalp (mirrored), pedipalp chela, dorsal (294), external (295) and ventrointernal (296) views; pedipalp patella, dorsal (297), external (298) and ventral (299) views; pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (300) and dorsal (301) views; pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (302). Figures 303–305. Carapace and tergites I–III (303), sternopectinal region and sternites III–VI (304) and telson lateral view (305)." captionText-8="Figures 306–309. Grosphus madagascariensis. Habitus. Male (306–307) and female (308–309), dorsal (306, 308) and ventral (307, 309) views. Scale bars: 10 mm.." captionText-9="Figures 310–315. Grosphus madagascariensis. Metasoma and telson. Male (310–312) and female (313–315), dorsal (310, 313), lateral (311, 314) and ventral (312, 315) views. Scale bars: 4 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143718" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143720" figureDoi-10="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143748" figureDoi-11="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143750" figureDoi-12="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143752" figureDoi-13="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143756" figureDoi-14="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143760" figureDoi-15="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143764" figureDoi-16="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143766" figureDoi-17="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143768" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143726" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143728" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143730" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143732" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143734" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143738" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143742" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143744" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7143718/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7143720/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/7143748/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/7143750/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/7143752/files/figure.png" httpUri-13="https://zenodo.org/record/7143756/files/figure.png" httpUri-14="https://zenodo.org/record/7143760/files/figure.png" httpUri-15="https://zenodo.org/record/7143764/files/figure.png" httpUri-16="https://zenodo.org/record/7143766/files/figure.png" httpUri-17="https://zenodo.org/record/7143768/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7143726/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7143728/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7143730/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7143732/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7143734/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/7143738/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/7143742/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/7143744/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">239–386</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2573D2E8FD30FFEF" box="[546,642,913,937]" captionStart-0="Figures 580–581" captionStart-1="Figures 582–583" captionStartId-0="114.[113,190,2009,2031]" captionStartId-1="115.[113,190,2009,2031]" captionTargetBox-0="[113,1474,234,1991]" captionTargetBox-1="[113,1474,234,1984]" captionTargetId-0="figure-21@114.[110,1476,234,1994]" captionTargetId-1="figure-20@115.[110,1476,231,1986]" captionTargetPageId-0="114" captionTargetPageId-1="115" captionText-0="Figures 580–581. Grosphus madagascariensis. Male and female, in vivo habitus (580) and female with newborns (581)." captionText-1="Figures 582–583. Grosphus madagascariensis. Female with newborns (582) and with juveniles after first ecdysis (583)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143835" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143837" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7143835/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7143837/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">580–583</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6900324FFB9FFAF25DDD2E8FD46FFEF" box="[652,756,913,937]" captionStart-0="Table 1" captionStart-1="Table 2" captionStart-2="Table 3" captionStart-3="Table 4" captionStartId-0="9.[115,171,1146,1167]" captionStartId-1="10.[113,169,1291,1312]" captionStartId-2="16.[110,166,1277,1298]" captionStartId-3="17.[113,169,1270,1291]" captionTargetId-0="graphics-417@9.[119,1468,237,1129]" captionTargetId-1="graphics-433@10.[121,1460,237,1263]" captionTargetId-2="graphics-479@16.[118,1471,242,1254]" captionTargetId-3="graphics-446@17.[119,1470,248,1242]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="16" captionTargetPageId-3="17" captionText-0="Table 1. Character states for species examined. States of 5 characters for Grosphus (4 spp., blue panels), Neogrosphus (1 sp., magenta panels) and Teruelius gen. n. (11 spp., yellow panels) examined in this study: position of trichobothrium d 2 on pedipalp femur; ratio R123 = d(Eb 2, Eb 3)/ d(Eb 1, Eb 2) of distances between pedipalp manus trichobothria Eb 1, Eb 2 and Eb 3; ranges of pectinal tooth counts (PTC) of males (♂) and females (♀); and size and shape of female basal pectinal tooth." captionText-1="Table 2. Character states for species examined. States of 6 characters for Grosphus (4 spp., blue panels), Neogrosphus (1 sp., magenta panels) and Teruelius gen. n. (11 spp., yellow panels) examined in this study: position of hemispermatophore basal lobe relative to base of flagellum; size of hemispermatophore posterior lobe; shape of spiracles; condition of metasoma I ventromedian carinae; telotarsal setation; and intensity of UV fluorescence." captionText-2="Table 3. Character states for species not examined. States of 6 characters for Grosphus (6 spp., blue panels), Neogrosphus (2 spp., magenta panels) and Teruelius gen. n. (7 spp., yellow panels) not examined in this study: position of trichobothrium d on pedipalp femur; ratio R = 2 123 d(Eb 2, Eb 3)/ d(Eb 1, Eb 2) of distances between pedipalp manus trichobothria Eb 1, Eb 2 and Eb 3; ranges of pectinal tooth counts (PTC) of males (♂) and females (♀);size and shape of female basal pectinal tooth; shape of spiracles; and telotarsal setation. Character states inferred from published descriptions and figures. PTC and basal pectinal tooth characters not indicated in cases where either males or females are not known or described. Other characters not indicated in cases where published descriptions did not yield clear information." captionText-3="Table 4. Character states for ‘Grosphus’ group genera and outgroup genus Pseudolychas. States of 11 characters for Grosphus, Neogrosphus, Teruelius gen. n. and Pseudolychas, summarizing data of Tables 1–3. Pseudolychas character states determined by study of materials, and from published descriptions. Primitive states indicated by green panels, derived states by red panels, with polarities determined by comparison to Pseudolychas which is assumed primitive. Unpolarized characters indicated by dark green panels." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6D6617FFB8FFAE2722D503FCADF8A1" httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6D6617FFA1FFB7273FD584FB00F9E5" httpUri-3="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6D6617FFA0FFB62720D58FFB7EF924" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" tableUuid-0="DF6D6617FFB8FFAE2722D503FCADF8A1" tableUuid-2="DF6D6617FFA1FFB7273FD584FB00F9E5" tableUuid-3="DF6D6617FFA0FFB62720D58FFB7EF924">Tabs. 1–4</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3086514FFB9FFAF2720D2A8FDC7FBCF" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2720D2A8FE2BFB2F" blockId="8.[113,772,977,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211B1FFB9FFAF2720D2A8FE2BFB2F" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2720D2A8FE6BFFAF" author="SIMON" box="[113,473,977,1001]" page="378" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1880">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2720D2A8FE6BFFAF" ID-CoL="4R7C" authority="Simon, 1880: 377 - 378" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="377 - 378" authorityYear="1880" box="[113,473,977,1001]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2720D2A8FF6AFFAF" box="[113,216,977,1001]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF27B1D2A8FE6BFFAF" author="Simon" box="[224,473,977,1001]" firstAuthor="Simon" page="377 - 378" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="377 - 398" refId="ref42670" refString="SIMON, E. 1880. Etudes arachnologiques 12 e Memorie (1). XVIII. Descriptions de genres et especes de l'ordre des Scorpiones. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, (5), 10: 377 - 398." type="journal article" year="1880">Simon, 1880: 377–378</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF26B4D2A8FD10FFAF" author="KARSCH, F." box="[485,674,977,1001]" page="77" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1886">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF26B4D2A8FD10FFAF" author="KARSCH, F." box="[485,674,977,1001]" journalOrPublisher="Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="75 - 79" part="30" refId="ref35430" refString="KARSCH, F. 1886. Skorpionologische Beitrage (I. Ueber einen sizilianischen Skorpion. - II. Uebersicht der Gruppe Buthina (Androctonina). - III. Ueber einen neuen Opisthacanthus (Peters) Thor). Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 30 (1): 75 - 79." title="Skorpionologische Beitrage (I. Ueber einen sizilianischen Skorpion. - II. Uebersicht der Gruppe Buthina (Androctonina). - III. Ueber einen neuen Opisthacanthus (Peters) Thor)" type="journal article" year="1886">Karsch, 1886: 77</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF25FFD2A8FEE6F84F" author="POCOCK" page="348" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1889">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF25FFD2A8FEE6F84F" author="Pocock" firstAuthor="Pocock" page="348 - 349" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="334 - 351" refId="ref41689" refString="POCOCK, R. I. 1889 a. Notes on some Buthidae, new and old. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 3: 334 - 351." type="journal article" year="1889" yearSuffix="a">Pocock, 1889a: 348–349</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2630D288FD89F84F" author="KRAEPELIN, K." box="[353,571,1009,1033]" page="70" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1891">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2630D288FD89F84F" author="KRAEPELIN, K." box="[353,571,1009,1033]" journalOrPublisher="Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 144" part="8" refId="ref36545" refString="KRAEPELIN, K. 1891. Revision der Skorpione. I. Die Familie der Androctonidae. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, 8: 1 - 144." title="Revision der Skorpione. I. Die Familie der Androctonidae" type="journal article" year="1891">Kraepelin, 1891: 70</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF25FFD288FEA5F86F" author="POCOCK" page="312" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1893">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF25FFD288FEA5F86F" author="Pocock" firstAuthor="Pocock" page="312" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="303 - 330" refId="ref41790" refString="POCOCK, R. I. 1893 b. Notes on the classification of scorpions, followed by some observations on synonymy, with descriptions of new genera and species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (6), 12: 303 - 330." type="journal article" year="1893">Pocock, 1893: 312</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF26F0D568FD38F86F" author="KRAEPELIN, K." box="[417,650,1041,1065]" page="84" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1895">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF26F0D568FD38F86F" author="KRAEPELIN, K." box="[417,650,1041,1065]" journalOrPublisher="Beiheft zum Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="73 - 96" part="12" refId="ref36574" refString="KRAEPELIN, K. 1895. Nachtrag zu Theil I der Revision der Scorpione. Beiheft zum Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, 12: 73 - 96." title="Nachtrag zu Theil I der Revision der Scorpione" type="journal article" year="1895">Kraepelin, 1895: 84</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF27F0D548FEC5F80F" author="KRAEPELIN, K." box="[161,375,1073,1097]" page="32" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1899">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF27F0D548FEC5F80F" author="KRAEPELIN, K." box="[161,375,1073,1097]" editor="F. Dahl" journalOrPublisher="Berlin, R. Friedlander und Sohn Verlag, 8 (Arachnoidea)" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 265" refId="ref36603" refString="KRAEPELIN, K. 1899. Scorpiones und Pedipalpi. In: F. Dahl (Ed.). Das Tierreich. Herausgegeben von der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft. Berlin, R. Friedlander und Sohn Verlag, 8 (Arachnoidea): 1 - 265." title="Scorpiones und Pedipalpi" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Das Tierreich. Herausgegeben von der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft" year="1899">Kraepelin, 1899: 32</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF26B3D548FD6CF80F" author="KRAEPELIN, K." box="[482,734,1073,1097]" page="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1900">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF26B3D548FD6CF80F" author="KRAEPELIN, K." box="[482,734,1073,1097]" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften. Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 17" part="16" refId="ref36651" refString="KRAEPELIN, K. 1900. Ueber einige neue Gliederspinnen. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften. Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg, 16, 1 (4): 1 - 17." title="Ueber einige neue Gliederspinnen" type="journal article" year="1900">Kraepelin, 1900: 11–12</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF27B2D528FE1CF82F" author="BIRULA, A. A." box="[227,430,1105,1129]" page="164" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1917">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF27B2D528FE1CF82F" author="BIRULA, A. A." bookContentInfo="253 pp." box="[227,430,1105,1129]" journalOrPublisher="Zapiski Kavkazskogo Muzeya (Memoires du Musee du Caucase), Tiflis, Imprimerie de la Chancellerie du Comite pour la Transcaucasie. ser A" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" part="5" refId="ref32619" refString="BIRULA, A. A. 1917 a. Arachnoidea Arthrogastra Caucasica. Pars I. Scorpiones. Zapiski Kavkazskogo Muzeya (Memoires du Musee du Caucase), Tiflis, Imprimerie de la Chancellerie du Comite pour la Transcaucasie. ser A, 5, 253 pp. (in Russian; published August 1917). English translation: Byalynitskii-Birulya, A. A. 1964. Arthrogastric Arachnids of Caucasia. 1. Scorpions. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 170 pp." title="Arachnoidea Arthrogastra Caucasica. Pars I. Scorpiones." type="book" year="1917">Birula, 1917a: 164</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF254FD528FD6FF82F" author="BIRULA, A. A." box="[542,733,1105,1129]" page="55" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1917">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF254FD528FD6FF82F" author="BIRULA, A. A." bookContentInfo="xx + 227 pp." box="[542,733,1105,1129]" journalOrPublisher="Arachnides (Arachnoidea)" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" part="1" refId="ref32708" refString="BIRULA, A. A. 1917 b. Faune de la Russie et des pays Limitrophes Fondee Principalement sur les Collections du Musee Zoologique de l'Academie des Sciences de Russie. Arachnides (Arachnoidea), 1 (1): xx + 227 pp. English translation: Byalynitskii-Birulya, A. A. 1965. Fauna of Russia and Adjacent Countries. Arachnoidea. Vol. I. Scorpions. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, xix, 154 pp." title="Faune de la Russie et des pays Limitrophes Fondee Principalement sur les Collections du Musee Zoologique de l'Academie des Sciences de Russie" type="book" year="1917">Birula, 1917b: 55</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF27B5D50BFE78F8CF" author="FAGE, L." box="[228,458,1137,1162]" page="640" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1929">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF27B5D50BFE78F8CF" author="FAGE, L." box="[228,458,1137,1162]" journalOrPublisher="Societe d'Editions Geographiques Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="637 - 693" refId="ref33536" refString="FAGE, L. 1929. Les scorpions de Madagascar, leur affinites, leur distribution geographique. Pp. 637 - 693 in: Faune des Colonies Francaises. Societe d'Editions Geographiques Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris." title="Les scorpions de Madagascar, leur affinites, leur distribution geographique" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Faune des Colonies Francaises" year="1929">Fage, 1929: 640–642</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF256BD50BFCB1F8CF" author="WERNER" box="[570,771,1137,1161]" page="270" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1934">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF256BD50BFCB1F8CF" author="Werner" box="[570,771,1137,1161]" firstAuthor="Werner" page="270" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="8" refId="ref44556" refString="WERNER, F. 1934. Scorpiones, Pedipalpi. In: H. G. Bronns Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs. Akademische Verlaggesellschaft, Leipzig. 5, IV, 8, Lief. 1 - 2, Scorpiones, pp. 1 - 316." type="journal article" year="1934">Werner, 1934: 270</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF265DD5E8FE6EF8EF" author="VACHON" box="[268,476,1169,1193]" page="483" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF265DD5E8FE6EF8EF" author="Vachon" box="[268,476,1169,1193]" firstAuthor="Vachon" page="483" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="476 - 483" refId="ref44004" refString="VACHON, M. 1969. Grosphus griveaudi, nouvelle espece de Scorpion Buthidae malgache. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, (2), 41: 476 - 483." type="journal article" year="1969">Vachon, 1969: 483</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2500D5E8FF7BF88F" author="LEGENDRE, R." page="428" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1972">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2500D5E8FF7BF88F" author="LEGENDRE, R." editor="BATTISTINI, R. & G. RICHARD- VINDARD" journalOrPublisher="Monographiae Biologicae" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="427 - 457" part="21" refId="ref37054" refString="LEGENDRE, R. 1972. Les Arachnides de Madagascar. Pp. 427 - 457 in BATTISTINI, R. & G. RICHARD- VINDARD (Eds.) Biogeography and Ecology in Madagascar, Monographiae Biologicae, 21: 427 - 457." title="Les Arachnides de Madagascar." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Biogeography and Ecology in Madagascar" year="1972">Legendre, 1972: 428</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2662D5C8FDB2F88F" author="STAHNKE" box="[307,512,1201,1225]" page="130" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1972">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2662D5C8FDB2F88F" author="Stahnke" box="[307,512,1201,1225]" firstAuthor="Stahnke" page="130" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="121 - 133" refId="ref43399" refString="STAHNKE, H. L. 1972. A key to the genera of Buthidae (Scorpionida). Entomological News, 83 (5): 121 - 133." type="journal article" year="1972">Stahnke, 1972: 130</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF253BD5C8FF7BF8AF" author="VACHON" page="906" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1974">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF253BD5C8FF7BF8AF" author="Vachon" firstAuthor="Vachon" page="906" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="857 - 958" refId="ref44039" refString="VACHON, M. 1974. Etude des caracteres utilises pour classer les familles et les genres de Scorpions (Arachnides). 1. La trichobothriotaxie enArachnologie, Sigles trichobothriaux et types de trichobothriotaxie chez les Scorpions. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, (3), 140 (Zool. 104), mai-juin 1973: 857 - 958." type="journal article" year="1974">Vachon, 1974: 906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF266DD5A8FDA5F8AF" author="VACHON" box="[316,535,1233,1257]" page="1598" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1975">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF266DD5A8FDA5F8AF" author="Vachon" box="[316,535,1233,1257]" firstAuthor="Vachon" page="1598" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1597 - 1599" refId="ref44105" refString="VACHON, M. 1975. Sur l'utilisation de la trichobothriotaxie du bras des pedipalpes des Scorpions (Arachnides) dans le classement des genres de famille des Buthidae Simon. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, (D), 281 (21): 1597 - 1599." type="journal article" year="1975">Vachon, 1975: 1598</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF25DAD5A8FE36F94F" author="LAMORAL, B. H. & S. C. REYNDERS" page="507" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1975">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF25DAD5A8FE36F94F" author="LAMORAL, B. H. & S. C. REYNDERS" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Natal Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="489 - 576" part="22" refId="ref36735" refString="LAMORAL, B. H. & S. C. REYNDERS. 1975. A catalogue of the scorpions described from the Ethiopian faunal region up to December 1973. Annals of the Natal Museum, 22 (2): 489 - 576." title="A catalogue of the scorpions described from the Ethiopian faunal region up to December 1973" type="journal article" year="1975">Lamoral & Reynders, 1975: 507</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF26A9D588FD01F94F" author="FRANCKE, O. F." box="[504,691,1265,1289]" page="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1985">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF26A9D588FD01F94F" author="FRANCKE, O. F." box="[504,691,1265,1289]" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Museum, Texas Tech University" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 32" part="98" refId="ref33962" refString="FRANCKE, O. F. 1985. Conspectus genericus scorpionorum 1758 - 1982 (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Occasional Papers of the Museum, Texas Tech University, 98: 1 - 32." title="Conspectus genericus scorpionorum 1758 - 1982 (Arachnida: Scorpiones)" type="journal article" year="1985">Francke, 1985: 8</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 15 (in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF27B8D468FE0CF96F" author="SISSOM, W. D." box="[233,446,1297,1321]" page="101" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1990">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF27B8D468FE0CF96F" author="SISSOM, W. D." box="[233,446,1297,1321]" editor="POLIS, G. A." journalOrPublisher="Stanford University Press, Stanford, California" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="64 - 160" refId="ref42715" refString="SISSOM, W. D. 1990. Systematics, biogeography and paleontology. Pp. 64 - 160 in POLIS, G. A. (Ed.) The Biology of Scorpions. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California." title="Systematics, biogeography and paleontology" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The Biology of Scorpions" year="1990">Sissom, 1990: 101</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF256ED46BFF7BF90F" author="LOURENCO, W. R." page="101" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF256ED46BFF7BF90F" author="LOURENCO, W. R." journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (Zoologie, Biologie et Ecologie Animale)" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="95 - 106" part="4" refId="ref37469" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 1995 a. Description de trois noveaux genres et quatre nouvelles especes de scorpions Buthidae de Madagascar. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (Zoologie, Biologie et Ecologie Animale), (4), 17 A (1 - 2): 95 - 106." title="Description de trois noveaux genres et quatre nouvelles especes de scorpions Buthidae de Madagascar" type="journal article" year="1995">Lourenço, 1995a: 101</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2668D44BFDAEF90F" author="LOURENCO, W. R." box="[313,540,1329,1353]" page="44" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2668D44BFDAEF90F" author="LOURENCO, W. R." box="[313,540,1329,1353]" journalOrPublisher="Biogeographie de Madagascar. ORSTOM, Paris" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="441 - 455" refId="ref37587" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 1996 a. Origins and affinities of the scorpion fauna of Madagascar. Pp. 441 - 455 in: Lourenco, W. R. (Ed.). Biogeographie de Madagascar. ORSTOM, Paris." title="Origins and affinities of the scorpion fauna of Madagascar" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Lourenco, W. R" year="1996">Lourenço, 1996a: 44</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2579D44BFD4CF90F" author="LOURENCO, W. R." box="[552,766,1329,1353]" page="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2579D44BFD4CF90F" author="LOURENCO, W. R." bookContentInfo="102 pp." box="[552,766,1329,1353]" journalOrPublisher="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref37632" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 1996 b. Faune de Madagascar. 87. Scorpions (Chelicerata, Scorpiones). Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. 102 pp." title="Faune de Madagascar. 87. Scorpions (Chelicerata, Scorpiones)" type="book" year="1996">Lourenço, 1996b: 5</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 8 (in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2674D428FE4FF92F" author="KOVARIK, F." box="[293,509,1361,1385]" page="109" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2674D428FE4FF92F" author="KOVARIK, F." bookContentInfo="175 pp." box="[293,509,1361,1385]" journalOrPublisher="Madagaskar, Jihlava" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref35584" refString="KOVARIK, F. 1998. Stiri. Madagaskar, Jihlava, 175 pp." title="Stiri" type="book" year="1998">Kovařík, 1998: 109</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2525D42BFEA6F9CF" author="FET, V. & G. LOWE" page="130" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2525D42BFEA6F9CF" author="FET, V. & G. LOWE" bookContentInfo="689 pp." editor="Fet, V. & W. D. Sissom & G. Lowe & M. E. Braunwalder" journalOrPublisher="New York: The New York Entomological Society" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="54 - 286" refId="ref33658" refString="FET, V. & G. LOWE. 2000. Family Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837. Pp. 54 - 286 in Fet, V., W. D. Sissom, G. Lowe & M. E. Braunwalder. Catalog of the Scorpions of the World (1758 - 1998). New York: The New York Entomological Society, 689 pp." title="Family Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Catalog of the Scorpions of the World (1758 - 1998)" year="2000">Fet & Lowe, 2000: 130</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF26C4D40BFD22F9CF" author="LOURENCO, W. R." box="[405,656,1393,1417]" page="640" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF26C4D40BFD22F9CF" author="LOURENCO, W. R." box="[405,656,1393,1417]" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="455 - 461" part="108" refId="ref38055" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 2001 b. Another new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) for Madagascar. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 108 (3): 455 - 461." title="Another new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) for Madagascar" type="journal article" year="2001">Lourenço, 2001b: 640</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF27F0D4E8FE29F9EF" author="PRENDINI" box="[161,411,1425,1449]" page="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF27F0D4E8FE29F9EF" author="Prendini" box="[161,411,1425,1449]" firstAuthor="Prendini" page="16 - 17" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="13 - 35" refId="ref41968" refString="PRENDINI, L. 2001. Phylogeny of Parabuthus (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Zoologica Scripta, 30: 13 - 35." type="journal article" year="2001">Prendini, 2001: 16–17</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 32, 33–35;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF257FD4EBFD4CF9EF" author="FET, V. & B. GANTENBEIN & A. V. GROMOV & G. LOWE & W. R. LOURENCO" box="[558,766,1425,1449]" page="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF257FD4EBFD4CF9EF" author="FET, V. & B. GANTENBEIN & A. V. GROMOV & G. LOWE & W. R. LOURENCO" box="[558,766,1425,1449]" journalOrPublisher="Euscorpius" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 10" part="4" refId="ref33613" refString="FET, V., B. GANTENBEIN, A. V. GROMOV, G. LOWE & W. R. LOURENCO. 2003. The first molecular phylogeny of Buthidae (Scorpiones). Euscorpius, 4: 1 - 10." title="The first molecular phylogeny of Buthidae (Scorpiones)" type="journal article" year="2003">Fet et al., 2003: 2</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 5–6;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF278AD4CBFE7FF98F" author="LOURENCO, W. R." box="[219,461,1457,1481]" page="577" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF278AD4CBFE7FF98F" author="LOURENCO, W. R." box="[219,461,1457,1481]" editor="GOODMAN, S. & BENSTEAD, J." journalOrPublisher="The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="575 - 579" refId="ref38188" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 2003 a. Scorpiones, scorpions. Pp. 575 - 579 in GOODMAN, S., BENSTEAD, J. (Eds.). The Natural History of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois." title="Scorpiones, scorpions." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The Natural History of Madagascar" year="2003">Lourenço, 2003a: 577</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2512D4CBFF4DF9AF" author="LOURENCO, W. R." page="153" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2512D4CBFF4DF9AF" author="LOURENCO, W. R." journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="141 - 154" part="110" refId="ref38276" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 2003 c. New taxonomic considerations on some species of the genus Grosphus Simon, with description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 110 (1): 141 - 154." title="New taxonomic considerations on some species of the genus Grosphus Simon, with description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2003">Lourenço, 2003c: 153–154</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF263BD4ABFD4DF9AF" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[362,767,1489,1513]" page="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF263BD4ABFD4DF9AF" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[362,767,1489,1513]" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Aracnologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="19 - 28" part="7" refId="ref39272" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN. 2003 a. Description of a new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from the Ankarana Massif, Madagascar. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 7: 19 - 28." title="Description of a new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from the Ankarana Massif, Madagascar" type="journal article" year="2003">Lourenço & Goodman, 2003a: 26–27</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF27F0D488FE7BFA4F" author="SOLEGLAD, M. E. & V. FET" box="[161,457,1521,1545]" page="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF27F0D488FE7BFA4F" author="SOLEGLAD, M. E. & V. FET" box="[161,457,1521,1545]" journalOrPublisher="Euscorpius" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 34" part="5" refId="ref43071" refString="SOLEGLAD, M. E. & V. FET. 2003 a. The scorpion sternum: structure and phylogeny (Scorpiones: Orthosterni). Euscorpius, 5: 1 - 34." title="The scorpion sternum: structure and phylogeny (Scorpiones: Orthosterni)" type="journal article" year="2003">Soleglad & Fet, 2003a: 26</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2686D488FD4DFA4F" author="SOLEGLAD, M. E. & V. FET" box="[471,767,1521,1545]" page="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2686D488FD4DFA4F" author="SOLEGLAD, M. E. & V. FET" box="[471,767,1521,1545]" journalOrPublisher="Euscorpius" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 175" part="11" refId="ref43106" refString="SOLEGLAD, M. E. & V. FET. 2003 b. High-level systematics and phylogeny of the extant Scorpions (Scorpiones: Orthosterni). Euscorpius, 11: 1 - 175." title="High-level systematics and phylogeny of the extant Scorpions (Scorpiones: Orthosterni)" type="journal article" year="2003">Soleglad & Fet, 2003b: 19</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 66–68, 78–79, 88, 90, 154 (in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF254AD76BFF0EFA0F" author="LOURENCO, W. R." page="31" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF254AD76BFF0EFA0F" author="LOURENCO, W. R." bookContentInfo="105 pp." editor="Raselimanana A. P. & Goodman S. M." journalOrPublisher="Recherches pour le developpement, Serie Sciences Biologiques" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="25 - 35" part="21" refId="ref38323" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 2004 a. Scorpions du sud-ouest de Madagascar et en particulier de la foret des Mikea. Pp. 25 - 35, In: Raselimanana A. P. & Goodman S. M. (eds), Inventaire floristique et faunistique de la foret de Mikea: Paysage ecologique et diversite biologique d'une preoccupation majeure pour la conservation, Recherches pour le developpement, Serie Sciences Biologiques, 21: 105 pp." title="Scorpions du sud-ouest de Madagascar et en particulier de la foret des Mikea" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Inventaire floristique et faunistique de la foret de Mikea: Paysage ecologique et diversite biologique d'une preoccupation majeure pour la conservation" year="2004">Lourenço, 2004a: 31– 33</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2675D74BFD88FA0F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN & O. RAMILIJAONA" box="[292,570,1585,1609]" page="232" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2675D74BFD88FA0F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN & O. RAMILIJAONA" box="[292,570,1585,1609]" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Aracnologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="225 - 234" part="9" refId="ref39550" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., S. M. GOODMAN & O. RAMILIJAONA. 2004. Three new species of Grosphus Simon from Madagascar (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 9: 225 - 234." title="Three new species of Grosphus Simon from Madagascar (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2004">Lourenço et al., 2004: 232</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF25F3D748FEBCFA2F" author="PRENDINI" page="39" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF25F3D748FEBCFA2F" author="Prendini" firstAuthor="Prendini" page="39" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="37 - 63" refId="ref42029" refString="PRENDINI, L. 2004 a. Systematics of the Genus Pseudolychas Kraepelin (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Annals of The Entomological Society of America, 97 (1): 37 - 63." type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="a">Prendini, 2004a: 39</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 41–42;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF263AD728FDFDFA2F" author="PRENDINI" box="[363,591,1617,1641]" page="115" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF263AD728FDFDFA2F" author="Prendini" box="[363,591,1617,1641]" firstAuthor="Prendini" page="115" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="109 - 186" refId="ref42065" refString="PRENDINI, L. 2004 b. The systematics of Southern African Parabuthus Pocock (Scorpiones, Buthidae): revisions to the taxonomy and key to the species. Journal of Arachnology, 32: 109 - 186." type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="b">Prendini, 2004b: 115</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF250AD72BFF02FACF" author="FET, V. & M. E. SOLEGLAD & G. LOWE" page="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF250AD72BFF02FACF" author="FET, V. & M. E. SOLEGLAD & G. LOWE" journalOrPublisher="Euscorpius" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 40" part="23" refId="ref33769" refString="FET, V., M. E. SOLEGLAD & G. LOWE. 2005. A new trichobothrial character for the high-level systematics of Buthoidea (Scorpiones: Buthida). Euscorpius, 23: 1 - 40." title="A new trichobothrial character for the high-level systematics of Buthoidea (Scorpiones: Buthida)" type="journal article" year="2005">Fet et al., 2005: 3</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 7–8, 10, 23, 26, 29;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF26F6D708FCB1FACF" author="PRENDINI, L. & W. WHEELER" box="[423,771,1649,1673]" page="481" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF26F6D708FCB1FACF" author="PRENDINI, L. & W. WHEELER" box="[423,771,1649,1673]" journalOrPublisher="Cladistics" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="446 - 494" part="21" refId="ref42360" refString="PRENDINI, L. & W. WHEELER. 2005. Scorpion higher phylogeny and classification, taxonomic anarchy, and standards for peer review in online publishing. Cladistics, 21: 446 - 494." title="Scorpion higher phylogeny and classification, taxonomic anarchy, and standards for peer review in online publishing" type="journal article" year="2005">Prendini & Wheeler, 2005: 481</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF265CD7E8FE04FAEF" author="DUPRE, G." box="[269,438,1681,1705]" page="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF265CD7E8FE04FAEF" author="DUPRE, G." box="[269,438,1681,1705]" journalOrPublisher="Euscorpius" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 31" part="50" refId="ref33354" refString="DUPRE, G. 2007. Conspectus genericus scorpionorum 1758 - 2006 (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius, 50: 1 - 31." title="Conspectus genericus scorpionorum 1758 - 2006 (Arachnida: Scorpiones)" type="journal article" year="2007">Dupré, 2007: 5</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 13, 17 (in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF25D1D7EBFEF0FA8F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & J. - X. QI & S. M. GOODMAN" page="176" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF25D1D7EBFEF0FA8F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & J. - X. QI & S. M. GOODMAN" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="171 - 177" part="40" refId="ref39785" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., J. - X. QI & S. M. GOODMAN. 2007 a. Scorpions of south-western Madagascar. A new species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 40: 171 - 177." title="Scorpions of south-western Madagascar. A new species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2007">Lourenço et al., 2007a: 176</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF26E3D7CBFD6FFA8F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & V. SOARIMALALA & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[434,733,1713,1737]" page="369" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF26E3D7CBFD6FFA8F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & V. SOARIMALALA & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[434,733,1713,1737]" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="369 - 375" part="41" refId="ref39953" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., V. SOARIMALALA & S. M. GOODMAN. 2007 b. Scorpions of south-west Madagascar. II. The species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 41: 369 - 375." title="Scorpions of south-west Madagascar. II. The species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2007">Lourenço et al., 2007b: 369</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF27B0D7ABFDA1FAAF" author="KAMENZ, C. & L. PRENDINI" box="[225,531,1745,1769]" page="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2008">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF27B0D7ABFDA1FAAF" author="KAMENZ, C. & L. PRENDINI" box="[225,531,1745,1769]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 360" part="316" refId="ref35389" refString="KAMENZ, C. & L. PRENDINI. 2008. An atlas of book lung fine structure in the order Scorpiones (Arachnida). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 316: 1 - 360." title="An atlas of book lung fine structure in the order Scorpiones (Arachnida)" type="journal article" year="2008">Kamenz & Prendini, 2008: 6</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 8 (in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF25C5D7A8FEF1FB4F" author="VOLSCHENK" page="63" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2008">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF25C5D7A8FEF1FB4F" author="Volschenk" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Volschenk" page="63" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="651 - 675" refId="ref44364" refString="VOLSCHENK, E. S., C. I. MATTONI & L. PRENDINI. 2008. Comparative anatomy of the mesosomal organs of scorpions (Chelicerata, Scorpiones), with implications for the phylogeny of the order. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 154: 651 - 675." type="journal article" year="2008">Volschenk et al., 2008: 63</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF26E1D788FDC5FB4F" author="KOVARIK, F." box="[432,631,1777,1801]" page="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF26E1D788FDC5FB4F" author="KOVARIK, F." bookContentInfo="170 pp." box="[432,631,1777,1801]" journalOrPublisher="Prague: Clairon Production" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref35630" refString="KOVARIK, F. 2009. Illustrated catalog of scorpions. Part I. Introductory remarks; keys to families and genera; subfamily Scorpioninae with keys to Heterometrus and Pandinus species. Prague: Clairon Production, 170 pp." title="Illustrated catalog of scorpions. Part I. Introductory remarks; keys to families and genera; subfamily Scorpioninae with keys to Heterometrus and Pandinus species" type="book" year="2009">Kovařík, 2009: 22</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 31 (in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF27F0D66BFE77FB6F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & V. SOARIMALALA & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[161,453,1809,1833]" page="145" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF27F0D66BFE77FB6F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & V. SOARIMALALA & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[161,453,1809,1833]" journalOrPublisher="Malagasy Nature" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="144 - 153" part="2" refId="ref40004" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., V. SOARIMALALA & S. M. GOODMAN. 2009 b. The species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) distributed in the northern and eastern regions of Madagascar with the description of a new species. Malagasy Nature, 2: 144 - 153." title="The species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) distributed in the northern and eastern regions of Madagascar with the description of a new species" type="journal article" year="2009">Lourenço et al., 2009b: 145</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF257ED66BFEA1FB0F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME" page="209" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2015">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF257ED66BFEA1FB0F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="207 - 223" part="17" refId="ref40161" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME. 2015 a. Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880, associated to the group madagascariensis / hirtus (Scorpiones: Buthidae); description of a peculiar new species from the humid eastern forests of Madagascar. Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 17 (194): 207 - 223." title="Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880, associated to the group madagascariensis / hirtus (Scorpiones: Buthidae); description of a peculiar new species from the humid eastern forests of Madagascar" type="journal article" year="2015">Lourenço & Wilmé, 2015: 209</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 211;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2609D64BFDC1FB0F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME L & V. SOARIMALALA & P. O. WAEBER" box="[344,627,1841,1865]" page="62" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2017">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2609D64BFDC1FB0F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME L & V. SOARIMALALA & P. O. WAEBER" box="[344,627,1841,1865]" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Arachnologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="61 - 69" part="30" refId="ref40436" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., L. WILME L, V. SOARIMALALA & P. O. WAEBER. 2017. Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 associated to Grosphus simoni Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona, 2004 with description of two new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Revista Iberica de Arachnologia, 30: 61 - 69." title="Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 associated to Grosphus simoni Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona, 2004 with description of two new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2017">Lourenço et al., 2017: 62</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF25D1D64BFE86FB2F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME & P. O. WAEBER" page="74" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="2018">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF25D1D64BFE86FB2F" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME & P. O. WAEBER" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Arachnologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="73 - 80" part="32" refId="ref40598" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., L. WILME & P. O. WAEBER. 2018 b. Two more new species of Grosphus Simon, 1880, associated to the ' Grosphus simoni group' (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from the regions of the Tsingy de Bemaraha and Montagne d'Ambre (Madagascar). Revista Iberica de Arachnologia, 32: 73 - 80." title="Two more new species of Grosphus Simon, 1880, associated to the ' Grosphus simoni group' (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from the regions of the Tsingy de Bemaraha and Montagne d'Ambre (Madagascar)" type="journal article" year="2018">Lourenço et al., 2018b: 74</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2720D608FDC7FBCF" blockId="8.[113,772,977,1929]" box="[113,629,1905,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211B1FFB9FFAF2720D608FDC7FBCF" box="[113,629,1905,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2720D608FE8FFBCF" authority="" box="[113,317,1905,1929]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Grosphus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2720D608FF09FBCF" box="[113,187,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Buthus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF279AD608FE80FBCF" box="[203,306,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3108EFFB9FFAF2618D608FDA2FBCF" author="POCOCK" box="[329,528,1905,1929]" page="123" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1890">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2618D608FDA2FBCF" author="Pocock" box="[329,528,1905,1929]" firstAuthor="Pocock" page="123" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="114 - 141" refId="ref41750" refString="POCOCK, R. I. 1890. A revision of the genera of scorpions of the family Buthidae, with descriptions of some South- African species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, 1890: 114 - 141." type="journal article" year="1890">Pocock, 1890: 123</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3086514FFB9FFAF2720D6CBFEBCFBAF" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="type_taxon">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2720D6CBFEBCFBAF" blockId="8.[113,771,1969,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFB9FFAF2720D6CBFF15FB8F" box="[113,167,1970,1993]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
SPECIES.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2678D6C8FEB9FBAF" authority="Gervais, 1843" authorityName=", Gervais" authorityYear="1843" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Scorpio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis" subGenus="Androctonus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2678D6C8FECEFB8E" box="[297,380,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Scorpio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF26CAD6C8FD90FB8F" box="[411,546,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Androctonus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2513D6C8FCB1FB8F" box="[578,771,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2720D6A8FEB9FBAF" author="GERVAIS, P. M." box="[113,267,2001,2025]" journalOrPublisher="Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="129 - 131" part="5" refId="ref34342" refString="GERVAIS, P. M. 1843. (Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions). Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances, 5 (7): 129 - 131." title="Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions" type="journal article" year="1843">Gervais, 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3086514FFB9FFAF2461D192FB29FFA5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2461D192FB29FFA5" blockId="8.[816,1475,235,995]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS. A member of the ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2329D192FB6DFD45" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1880" box="[1144,1247,235,259]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2329D192FB6DFD45" box="[1144,1247,235,259]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ group differentiated as follows: medium-sized scorpions, adults ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFB9FFAF2260D072FA17FD64" box="[1329,1445,267,291]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="50.0" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="25.0">25–75 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length; pedipalp finger granule rows 11–14 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF224DD052FA34FD05" box="[1308,1414,299,323]" captionStart="Figures 244–258" captionStartId="70.[113,190,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[131,1468,257,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-1@70.[113,1474,248,1900]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figures 244–258. Grosphus goudoti, male holotype, pedipalp chela, dorsal (244), external (245), and ventrointernal (246) views; pedipalp patella, dorsal (247), external (248), and ventral (249) views; pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (250) and dorsal (251) views; pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (252); right chelicera, dorsal (253) and ventral (254) views; telson lateral view (255); metasoma and telson, lateral (256), dorsal (257) and ventral (258) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143720/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 252</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF22C2D052FA0CFD05" box="[1427,1470,299,323]" captionStart="Figures 275–290" captionStartId="74.[113,190,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,250,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-102@74.[113,1474,236,1853]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Figures 275–290. Grosphus hirtus. Figures 275–277, 289–290. Female, pedipalp chela, dorsal (275) and external (276) views, pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (277) view; sternopectinal region and sternite III (289) and carapace and tergites I–III (290). Figures 278–288. Male, pedipalp chela, dorsal (278), external (279) and ventrointernal (280) views; pedipalp patella, dorsal (281), external (282) and ventral (283) views; pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (284) and dorsoexternal (285) views; pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (286); sternopectinal region and sternite III (287) and carapace and tergites I–III (288)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143732/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">286</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2461D032FCE9FD25" box="[816,859,331,355]" captionStart="Figures 293–305" captionStartId="76.[113,190,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[113,1466,240,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-101@76.[113,1474,234,1856]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Figures 293–305. Grosphus hirtus. Figure 293. Juvenile paratype of G. garciai, pedipalp chela dorsal. Figures 294–305. Grosphus hirtus, male holotype of G. garciai. Figures 294–302. Left pedipalp (mirrored), pedipalp chela, dorsal (294), external (295) and ventrointernal (296) views; pedipalp patella, dorsal (297), external (298) and ventral (299) views; pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (300) and dorsal (301) views; pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (302). Figures 303–305. Carapace and tergites I–III (303), sternopectinal region and sternites III–VI (304) and telson lateral view (305)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143738/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">302</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF243CD032FC2AFD25" box="[877,920,331,355]" captionStart="Figures 320–340" captionStartId="80.[113,190,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[146,1448,244,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-1@80.[117,1470,234,1938]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="Figures 320–340. Grosphus madagascariensis. Pedipalp. Male (320–330) and female (331–340). Chela in dorsal (320, 331), external (321, 332) and ventrointernal (322, 333) views. Patella in dorsal (323, 334), external (324, 335) and ventral (325, 336) views. Femur and trochanter in internal (326, 337), dorsal (327, 338), ventral (329, 339) and external (329, 340) views. Pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (330). Scale bar: 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143750/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">330</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF24FBD032FC67FD25" box="[938,981,331,355]" captionStart="Figures 366–386" captionStartId="86.[113,190,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[135,1457,246,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-71@86.[113,1474,234,1877]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="Figures 366–386. Grosphus voahangyae. Pedipalp. Male (366–376) and female (377–386). Chela in dorsal (366, 377), external (367, 378) and ventral (368, 379) views. Patella in dorsal (369, 380), external (370, 381) and ventral (371, 382) views. Femur and trochanter in internal (372, 383), dorsal (373, 385), external (375, 386) and ventral (374, 384) views. Pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (376). Scale bars: 2 mm (366–375, 377–386)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143768" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143768/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">376</figureCitation>
|
||
), movable finger typically with 4 external subdistal granules; femur trichobothrium
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF23B4D012FB40FDC5" box="[1253,1266,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB9FFAF23A3D002FB48FDCF" attach="left" box="[1266,1274,379,393]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">2</subScript>
|
||
located on internal surface, or straddling dorsointernal carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2251D0F2FAC7FDE5" box="[1280,1397,395,419]" captionStart="Figures 9–20" captionStartId="11.[116,190,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[129,1461,231,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-144@11.[129,1461,231,1903]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 9–20. Position of femur trichobothrium d 2in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Dorsal surfaces of proximal pedipalp femur of adult females (♀, left panels) and adult males (♂, right panels), underUV fluorescence to highlightgranulation,carinae and trichobothrial areolae.Whitearrows indicate positions of trichobothrium d in each image. G. madagascariensis (9, 10; 2 samples from Anjiro (9) and Andasibe (10) show consistency of d 2 2 position),G. hirtus(11), G. voahangyae (12), T. ankarafantsika (13, 15; 2 samples fromAmpijoroa show consistency ofd 2position),T. ankarana (14), T. flavopiceus (16), T. grandidieri (17), T. limbatus (18), T. mahafaliensis (19), and T. olgae (20). Scale bars: 1 mm (9–20♀) or 500 μm (20 ♂)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143618" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143618/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 9–12</figureCitation>
|
||
); chela manus with petite trichobothrium
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF23F2D0D2FB73FD85" box="[1187,1217,427,451]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Eb</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB9FFAF2390D0C2FB7BFD8F" attach="left" box="[1217,1225,443,457]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">3</subScript>
|
||
usually well separated from
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF243AD0B2FC3BFDA5" box="[875,905,459,483]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Eb</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB9FFAF24D9D0A2FC22FDAF" attach="left" box="[904,912,475,489]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">2</subScript>
|
||
, by more than half the distance between
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2215D0B2FAD0FDA5" box="[1348,1378,459,483]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Eb</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB9FFAF2230D0A2FADBFDAF" attach="left" box="[1377,1385,475,489]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF22CCD0B2FA09FDA5" box="[1437,1467,459,483]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Eb</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB9FFAF22EBD0A2FA70FDAF" attach="left" box="[1466,1474,475,489]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">2</subScript>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2469D092FC71FE45" box="[824,963,491,515]" captionStart="Figures 21–27" captionStartId="14.[113,188,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[114,1474,227,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-206@14.[113,1474,222,1851]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figures 21–27. Positions of trichobothria Eb, Eb and petite Eb on manus of pedipalp chela in Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. 1 2 3 n. Figures 21–24. External views of pedipalp chela, shown under UV fluorescence to highlight trichobothrial areolae. G. hirtus ♂ (21), G. madagascariensis ♀ (22), T. limbatus ♂ (23), T. ankarafantsika ♀ (24). Positions of Eb 1, Eb 2 and Eb 3 and lines joining them shown as white overlays. Scale bars: 2 mm. Figures 25–26. Horizontal histograms comparing ratios, R = d(Eb, Eb)/ d(Eb, Eb), of Eb -Eb distance, to Eb - 123 2 3 1 2 2 3 1 Eb distance, in males (25), and females (26) of Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Error bars indicate ranges (minimum, maximum), 2 histogram bars mid-range values. Figure 27. Scatter plot of male vs. female ratios R. Ratio is larger in males if points fall above the diagonal 123 (gray) line, larger in females if they fall below it." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143620" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143620/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 21–22</figureCitation>
|
||
); manus trichobothrium
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF238FD092FB5CFE44" box="[1246,1262,491,514]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">V</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB9FFAF23BFD082FB44FE4F" attach="left" box="[1262,1270,507,521]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">2</subScript>
|
||
roughly collinear with
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2437D372FCC4FE64" box="[870,886,523,546]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">V</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB9FFAF2427D362FCCCFE6F" attach="left" box="[886,894,539,553]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1</subScript>
|
||
along chela axis or slightly displaced internally; lower pectinal tooth counts:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFB9FFAF234CD352FB83FE04" box="[1053,1073,555,578]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
15–23,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFB9FFAF23D8D352FB2FFE04" box="[1161,1181,555,578]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
12–19 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF23A4D352FACAFE05" box="[1269,1400,555,579]" captionStart-0="Figures 28–29" captionStart-1="Figures 30–35" captionStartId-0="18.[113,190,1953,1975]" captionStartId-1="19.[113,190,1773,1795]" captionTargetBox-1="[118,1455,257,1710]" captionTargetId-0="figure-131@18.[113,1474,255,1915]" captionTargetId-1="figure-204@19.[113,1474,251,1714]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionText-0="Figures 28–29. Variation in pectinal tooth count (PTC) in Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Horizontal histograms comparing PTC in males (28), and females (29) of Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Error bars indicate ranges (minimum, maximum), bars mid-range values." captionText-1="Figures 30–35. Variation in pectinal tooth count (PTC) in Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Figures 30–31. Logarithmic scatter plots showing scaling of PTC vs. carapace length in males (30), and females (31) of Grosphus, Neogrosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Color lines are least squares linear regression fits of scaling trends for the different genera. Figures 32–33. Logarithmic scatter plots showing scaling of PTC vs. carapace length in Figs. 30–31 superposed upon overall scaling trends for a larger sample of male (32) and female (33) buthids including both α and β trichobothrial configurations (gray symbols; 1055♂, 1046♀). Dark lines: least squares linear regression fits of scaling trends for larger sample of buthids. Figures 34–35. Logarithmic scatter plots showing scaling of PTC vs. carapace length in Figs. 30–31 superposed upon overall scaling trends for a larger sample of male (34) and female (35) α-buthids restricted to α trichobothrial configurations (gray symbols; 445♂, 371♀). Dark lines: least squares linear regression fits of scaling trends for α-buthids. Numbers: slopes of regression lines (= allometric exponents). Purple symbols and lines: outgroup Pseudolychas." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143622" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143626" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7143622/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7143626/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 28–31</figureCitation>
|
||
); basal pectinal tooth of females wide, oval to subrectangular, not distinctly longer than other teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF23C4D312FAA4FEC5" box="[1173,1302,619,643]" captionStart="Figures 40–51" captionStartId="22.[113,188,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,234,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-124@22.[113,1474,234,1922]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figures 40–51. Female basal pectinal teeth in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Ventral views of proximal left pectine of females shown under UV fluorescence to highlight cuticular surface texture, setation and absence of peg sensillae on basal tooth vs. their presence on other teeth. G. sp. nr hirtus (40), G. madagascariensis (41), G. hirtus (42), G. voahangyae (43), T. ankarafantsika (44–45; 2 samples fromAmpijoroa show variation in tooth shape), T. ankarana (46), T. flavopiceus (47), T. grandidieri (48), T. limbatus (49), T. mahafaliensis (50), and T. olgae (51). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143634/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 40–43</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2271D312FA32FEC5" box="[1312,1408,619,643]" captionStart="Figures 196–210" captionStartId="65.[113,190,1950,1972]" captionTargetId="figure-77@65.[113,1474,234,1589]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="Figures 196–210. Female basal pectinal teeth of representative Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. G. hirtus (196–198), G. madagascariensis (199), G. madagascariensis, paratype of G. mandena(200), T. ankarafantsika (201),T. ankarana (202), T. annulatus (203),T. bistriatus (204), T. flavopiceus (205), T. grandidieri (206), T. intertidalis (207), T. limbatus (208), T. mahafaliensis (209), T. feti (210)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143706" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143706/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">196–200</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF22DBD312FA04FEC5" box="[1418,1462,619,643]" captionStart="Figures 275–290" captionStartId="74.[113,190,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,250,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-102@74.[113,1474,236,1853]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Figures 275–290. Grosphus hirtus. Figures 275–277, 289–290. Female, pedipalp chela, dorsal (275) and external (276) views, pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (277) view; sternopectinal region and sternite III (289) and carapace and tergites I–III (290). Figures 278–288. Male, pedipalp chela, dorsal (278), external (279) and ventrointernal (280) views; pedipalp patella, dorsal (281), external (282) and ventral (283) views; pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (284) and dorsoexternal (285) views; pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (286); sternopectinal region and sternite III (287) and carapace and tergites I–III (288)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143732/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">289</figureCitation>
|
||
); hemispermatophore capsule long or short, posterior lobe with long, lanceolate extension (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2306D3D2FB68FE85" box="[1111,1242,683,707]" captionStart="Figures 52–70" captionStartId="24.[113,190,1591,1613]" captionTargetBox="[116,1470,248,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-361@24.[113,1474,248,1527]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figures 52–70. Hemispermatophores and capsule regions of Grosphus and Neogrosphus. Multi-panel figures show: whole hemispermatophore; whole hemispermatophore and capsule with flagellum; capsule region in convex (and/ or convex compressed), anterior and posterior views (panels in left to right sequence). Right hemispermatophores unless indicated as mirrored left images. Figure 52. G. madagascariensis, whole hemispermatophore (scale bar: 2 mm), capsule and flagellum (scale bar: 1 mm). Figure 53. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Sc1197, Andasibe, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 54. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Anjiro, G. halleuxi nr topotype, GLPC. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 55. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Mandena- Fort Dauphin, G. mandena paratype, MHNG.Scale bar: 500 μm.Figure 56. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Madagascar, det. Vachon, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 57. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Andasibe, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 58. G. goudoti, whole hemispermatophore. Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 59. G. goudoti, capsule, Forêt de Bobankota, holotype, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 60. G. hirtus, whole hemispermatophore (scale bar: 2 mm), capsule and flagellum (scale bar: 1 mm), Antsiranana, Ramena vill., mirrored left, GLPC, FKCP. Figure 61. G. hirtus, capsule, Mahajamba River, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figures 62–65. G. hirtus, capsules in convex view.Antsiranana, Ramena vill., mirrored left, GLPC, FKCP (62), Jardin Botanique, MHNG (63), Ranohira-Llakaka, ZMUH, mirrored left (64), Forêt de Vohitaly, MHNG (65). Scale bars: 500 μm. Figure 66. G. hirtus, capsule, Forest Station Ampijoroa, G. garciai holotype, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 67. G. voahangyae, whole hemispermatophore. Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 68. G. voahangyae, capsule, Analamy Forest, FMNH. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 69. N. griveaudi, whole hemispermatophore (flagellum truncated). Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 70. N. griveaudi, capsule, mirrored left, Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, GLPC, FKCP." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143636/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 52–68</figureCitation>
|
||
); sternites with broad ovoid, elliptical or hemi-elliptical spiracles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF227DD3B2FA04FEA5" box="[1324,1462,715,739]" captionStart-0="Figures 94–105" captionStart-1="Figures 95–110" captionStartId-0="30.[113,190,1913,1935]" captionStartId-1="18.[113,190,1408,1430]" captionTargetBox-0="[113,1474,242,1772]" captionTargetBox-1="[113,1475,255,1894]" captionTargetId-0="figure-126@30.[113,1474,242,1772]" captionTargetId-1="figure-131@18.[113,1474,255,1915]" captionTargetPageId-0="30" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionText-0="Figures 94–105. Spiracles on sternite IV in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Spiracle on right side of sternite IV in adult females (♀, left panels) and adult males (♂, right panels), shown under UV fluorescence. G. madagascariensis (94 from Anjiro, 95 from Andasibe), G. hirtus (96), G. hirtus (= G. h. garciai) (97), G. voahangyae (98), T. ankarafantsika (99), T. ankarana (100), T. flavopiceus (101), T. grandidieri (102), T. limbatus (103), T. mahafaliensis (104), and T. olgae (105). Scale bars: 200 μm (96–98), 400 μm (94–95, 99, 103–105) or 1 mm (100–102)." captionText-1="Figures 95–110: Orthochirus mesopotamicus comb. n., from Iraq, Basra (ca. 30°48’N 47°34’E). Figures 95, 97, 100–110. Male, carapace and tergites I–III (95), sternopectinal region and sternites (97). Pedipalp chela, dorsal (100), external (101), and ventrointernal (102) views. Pedipalp patella, dorsal (103), external (104), and ventral (105) views. Pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (106) and dorsoexternal (107) views. Pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (108). Distal segments of right legs III–IV, retrolateral views (109–110). Figures 96, 98–99. Female, carapace and tergites I–III (96), sternopectinal region and sternites (98), and pedipalp chela dorsoexternal (99). The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 101–104, 106–107 (white circles)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143649" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7143649/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 94–98</figureCitation>
|
||
); metasoma I with ventromedian carinae moderately to strongly crenulate or granulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2365D272FB65FF65" box="[1076,1239,779,803]" captionStart="Figures 122–126" captionStartId="38.[113,190,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[180,1420,247,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-75@38.[126,1459,234,1942]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figures 122–126. Ventral aspect of metasoma and telson of adult males (♂) or females (♀) of representative Grosphus spp. and Teruelius limbatus under UV fluorescence to reveal carination and granulation. G. hirtus (122), G. madagascariensis (123 from Anjiro, 124 from Andasibe), G. voahangyae (125), and T. limbatus (126). Scale bars: 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143671/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 122–125</figureCitation>
|
||
); telson with oval or bulbous vesicle, with or without subaculear tubercle in adults (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2469D232FC61FF25" box="[824,979,843,867]" captionStart="Figures 181–195" captionStartId="64.[113,190,1953,1975]" captionTargetId="figure-71@64.[113,1474,242,1670]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Figures 181–195. Telson of representativeGrosphus andTeruelius gen. n. G. hirtus (181–182), G. madagascariensis (183–184), G. voahangyae (185), T. ankarafantsika (186–187), T. ankarana (188), T. flavopiceus (189), T. grandidieri (190–191), T. limbatus (192), T. mahafaliensis (193) and T. olgae (194–195). UV fluorescence, ♂ male, ♀ female. Scale bars: 2 mm (181–187, 192–195), 4 mm (188–191)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143700" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143700/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 181–185</figureCitation>
|
||
); legs with ventral surface of telotarsus sparsely setose, with two rows of <20 short, setiform macrosetae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF22DDD212FC23FFE5" captionStart="Figures 133–144" captionStartId="40.[113,190,1293,1315]" captionTargetBox="[118,1474,249,1273]" captionTargetId="figure-523@40.[113,1474,227,1273]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figures 133–144. Ventral setation of telotarsus III in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Ventral surfaces of right telotarsus III of adult males (♂) or females (♀), shown under UV fluorescence to highlight setation. Macrosetae appear dark with strongly fluorescent cuticular sockets at their base. Putative chemosensory microsetae appear bright. G. hirtus (= G. h. garciai) (133), G. hirtus (134), G. madagascariensis (135, from Anjiro, 136 from Andasibe), G. voahangyae (137), T. ankarafantsika (138), T. limbatus (139), T. mahafaliensis (140), T. ankarana (141), T. grandidieri (142), T. flavopiceus (143), and T. olgae (144). Scale bars: 500 μm (133–140, 144) and 1 mm (141–143)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143677" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143677/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 133–137</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF24CFD2F2FC4FFFE5" box="[926,1021,907,931]" captionStart="Figures 211–226" captionStartId="66.[113,190,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[117,1466,234,1743]" captionTargetId="figure-88@66.[113,1474,234,1743]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="Figures 211–226. Ventral tarsal setation of legs III or IV in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. G. goudoti (211), G. hirtus (212), G. hirtus (G. garciai) (213), G. madagascariensis (214), G. madagascariensis (G. mandena) (215), Teruelius ankarana (216), T. flavopiceus (217), T. annulatus (218), T. ankarafantsika (219–220), T. bistriatus (221), T. intertidalis (222), T. grandidieri (223), T. mahafaliensis (224), T. limbatus (225), T. feti (226)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143708/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">211–215</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF235BD2F2FBD8FFE5" box="[1034,1130,907,931]" captionStart="Figures 259–262" captionStartId="71.[116,193,2009,2031]" captionTargetBox="[130,1463,270,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-20@71.[113,1474,266,1956]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Figures 259–262. Grosphus goudoti, male holotype, distal segments of right legs I–IV, retrolateral views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143726/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">259–262</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF2326D2F2FB6AFFE5" box="[1143,1240,907,931]" captionStart="Figures 316–319" captionStartId="79.[113,190,1998,2020]" captionTargetBox="[117,1450,260,1895]" captionTargetId="figure-23@79.[113,1474,234,1908]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="Figures 316–319. Grosphus madagascariensis, male, right legs I–IV tibia, basitarsus and telotarsus, retrolateral views. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143748/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">316–319</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF23B4D2F2FAF5FFE5" box="[1253,1351,907,931]" captionStart="Figures 362–365" captionStartId="85.[113,190,1983,2005]" captionTargetBox="[114,1468,253,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-36@85.[113,1474,234,1926]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="Figures 362–365. Grosphus voahangyae, male, left legs I–IV tibia, basitarsus and telotarsus, retrolateral views. Leg I (362), leg II (363), leg III (364), leg IV (365). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143766" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143766/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">362–365</figureCitation>
|
||
); telotarsus with dorsal terminal process of normal size; cuticle with weak UV fluorescence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB9FFAF24A0D2B2FB3CFFA5" box="[1009,1166,971,995]" captionStart="Figures 145–157" captionStartId="41.[113,190,1502,1524]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,234,1490]" captionTargetId="figure-392@41.[113,1474,234,1490]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figures 145–157. Comparative intensity of UV fluorescence in Grosphus and Teruelius gen. n. Photographic comparison of fluorescence emission intensities of representative species of each genus, including adult males (♂) or females (♀). G. madagascariensis (145 from Anjiro, 148 from Andasibe), G. hirtus (146), G. voahangyae (147), G. hirtus (= G. h. garciai) (149), T. ankarafantsika (150), T. grandidieri (151), T. olgae (152), T. flavopiceus (153), T. ankarana (154–155), T. mahafaliensis (156), and T. limbatus (157). Images acquired under identical intensities of UV excitation (395 nm LED source, 0.35 A current) and camera exposure (Canon EOS 7D Mark II, 100 mm f/13, 0.5 s, ISO 320), with 475 nm longpass filter to block excitation wavelengths. Scale bars: 10 mm (145–150, 152–153, 156–157), 20 mm (151, 154–155)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143681/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figs. 145–149</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3086514FFB9FFAF2461D572FBE9FA44" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2461D572FBB6F865" blockId="8.[816,1471,1035,1443]" box="[816,1028,1035,1059]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">SUBORDINATE TAXA.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2461D552FAE4F805" blockId="8.[816,1471,1035,1443]" box="[816,1366,1067,1091]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2461D552FAE4F805" authority="Lourenco, Wilme & Waeber, 2018" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme & Waeber" authorityYear="2018" box="[816,1366,1067,1091]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambre">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D552FC53F805" box="[816,993,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus ambre</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF24B9D552FAE4F805" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME & P. O. WAEBER" box="[1000,1366,1067,1091]" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="131 - 143" part="341" refId="ref40549" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., L. WILME & P. O. WAEBER. 2018 a. The genus Opisthacanthus Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Hormuridae), a remarkable Gondwanian group of scorpions. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 341: 131 - 143." title="The genus Opisthacanthus Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Hormuridae), a remarkable Gondwanian group of scorpions" type="journal article" year="2018">Lourenço, Wilmé & Waeber, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2461D532FCD7F8C5" blockId="8.[816,1471,1035,1443]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2461D532FCD7F8C5" authority="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona, 2004" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darainensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D532FBAAF825" box="[816,1048,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus darainensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF234FD532FCD7F8C5" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN & O. RAMILIJAONA" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Aracnologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="225 - 234" part="9" refId="ref39550" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., S. M. GOODMAN & O. RAMILIJAONA. 2004. Three new species of Grosphus Simon from Madagascar (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 9: 225 - 234." title="Three new species of Grosphus Simon from Madagascar (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2004">Lourenço, Goodman & Ramilijaona, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2461D5F2FA98F8E5" blockId="8.[816,1471,1035,1443]" box="[816,1322,1163,1187]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2461D5F2FA98F8E5" authority="Lourenco & Goodman, 2006" authorityName="Lourenco & Goodman" authorityYear="2006" box="[816,1322,1163,1187]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goudoti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D5F2FC5DF8E5" box="[816,1007,1163,1187]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus goudoti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF24A7D5F2FA98F8E5" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[1014,1322,1163,1187]" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="247 - 261" part="113" refId="ref39371" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN. 2006. Further considerations regarding the status of Grosphus madagascariensis (Gervais) and Grosphus hirtus Kraepelin, and description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 113 (2): 247 - 261." title="Further considerations regarding the status of Grosphus madagascariensis (Gervais) and Grosphus hirtus Kraepelin, and description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2006">Lourenço & Goodman, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2461D5D2FB3CF885" blockId="8.[816,1471,1035,1443]" box="[816,1166,1195,1219]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2461D5D2FB3CF885" authority="Kraepelin, 1900" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[816,1166,1195,1219]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D5D2FC6EF885" box="[816,988,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF24B2D5D2FB3CF885" author="KRAEPELIN, K." box="[995,1166,1195,1219]" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften. Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 17" part="16" refId="ref36651" refString="KRAEPELIN, K. 1900. Ueber einige neue Gliederspinnen. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften. Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg, 16, 1 (4): 1 - 17." title="Ueber einige neue Gliederspinnen" type="journal article" year="1900">Kraepelin, 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2461D5B2FABFF8A5" blockId="8.[816,1471,1035,1443]" box="[816,1293,1227,1251]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2461D5B2FABFF8A5" authority="(Gervais, 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[816,1293,1227,1251]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D5B2FBEDF8A5" box="[816,1119,1227,1251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF233DD5B2FAB7F8A5" author="GERVAIS, P. M." box="[1132,1285,1227,1251]" journalOrPublisher="Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="129 - 131" part="5" refId="ref34342" refString="GERVAIS, P. M. 1843. (Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions). Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances, 5 (7): 129 - 131." title="Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions" type="journal article" year="1843">Gervais, 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2461D592FAFEF965" blockId="8.[816,1471,1035,1443]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2461D592FAE4F945" authority="Lourenco & Goodman, 2009" authorityName="Lourenco & Goodman" authorityYear="2009" box="[816,1366,1259,1283]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mayottensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D592FBAEF944" box="[816,1052,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus mayottensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2373D592FAE4F945" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[1058,1366,1259,1283]" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="35 - 38" part="44" refId="ref39428" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN. 2009. Scorpions from the Comoros Archipelago: description of a new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Mayotte (Maore). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 44: 35 - 38." title="Scorpions from the Comoros Archipelago: description of a new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Mayotte (Maore)" type="journal article" year="2009">Lourenço & Goodman, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2461D472FAFEF965" authority="Lourenco, Qi & Goodman, 2007" authorityName="Lourenco, Qi & Goodman" authorityYear="2007" box="[816,1356,1291,1315]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D472FC58F965" box="[816,1002,1291,1315]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus polskyi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF24A1D472FAFEF965" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & J. - X. QI & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[1008,1356,1291,1315]" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="171 - 177" part="40" refId="ref39785" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., J. - X. QI & S. M. GOODMAN. 2007 a. Scorpions of south-western Madagascar. A new species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 40: 171 - 177." title="Scorpions of south-western Madagascar. A new species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2007">Lourenço, Qi & Goodman, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2461D452FC70F925" blockId="8.[816,1471,1035,1443]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2461D452FC70F925" authority="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber, 2017" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber" authorityYear="2017" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rakotoariveloi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D452FB85F905" box="[816,1079,1323,1347]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus rakotoariveloi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF236CD452FC70F925" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME L & V. SOARIMALALA & P. O. WAEBER" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Arachnologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="61 - 69" part="30" refId="ref40436" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., L. WILME L, V. SOARIMALALA & P. O. WAEBER. 2017. Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 associated to Grosphus simoni Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona, 2004 with description of two new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Revista Iberica de Arachnologia, 30: 61 - 69." title="Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 associated to Grosphus simoni Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona, 2004 with description of two new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2017">Lourenço, Wilmé, Soarimalala & Waeber, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2461D412FA85F9E5" blockId="8.[816,1471,1035,1443]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2461D412FA0DF9C5" authority="Lourenco, Soarimalala & Goodman, 2009" authorityName="Lourenco, Soarimalala & Goodman" authorityYear="2009" box="[816,1471,1387,1411]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tavaratra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D412FBB3F9C4" box="[816,1025,1387,1411]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus tavaratra</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2356D412FA0DF9C5" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & V. SOARIMALALA & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[1031,1471,1387,1411]" journalOrPublisher="Malagasy Nature" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="144 - 153" part="2" refId="ref40004" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., V. SOARIMALALA & S. M. GOODMAN. 2009 b. The species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) distributed in the northern and eastern regions of Madagascar with the description of a new species. Malagasy Nature, 2: 144 - 153." title="The species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) distributed in the northern and eastern regions of Madagascar with the description of a new species" type="journal article" year="2009">Lourenço, Soarimalala & Goodman, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2461D4F2FA85F9E5" authority="Lourenco & Wilme, 2015" authorityName="Lourenco & Wilme" authorityYear="2015" box="[816,1335,1419,1443]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voahangyae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D4F2FBADF9E5" box="[816,1055,1419,1443]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus voahangyae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB9FFAF2374D4F2FA85F9E5" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME" box="[1061,1335,1419,1443]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="207 - 223" part="17" refId="ref40161" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME. 2015 a. Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880, associated to the group madagascariensis / hirtus (Scorpiones: Buthidae); description of a peculiar new species from the humid eastern forests of Madagascar. Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 17 (194): 207 - 223." title="Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880, associated to the group madagascariensis / hirtus (Scorpiones: Buthidae); description of a peculiar new species from the humid eastern forests of Madagascar" type="journal article" year="2015">Lourenço & Wilmé, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAF2461D4B2FBE9FA44" blockId="8.[816,1474,1483,1539]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
See
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6900324FFB9FFAF2433D4B2FC68F9A5" box="[866,986,1483,1507]" captionStart-0="Table 1" captionStart-1="Table 2" captionStart-2="Table 3" captionStartId-0="9.[115,171,1146,1167]" captionStartId-1="10.[113,169,1291,1312]" captionStartId-2="16.[110,166,1277,1298]" captionTargetId-0="graphics-417@9.[119,1468,237,1129]" captionTargetId-1="graphics-433@10.[121,1460,237,1263]" captionTargetId-2="graphics-479@16.[118,1471,242,1254]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="16" captionText-0="Table 1. Character states for species examined. States of 5 characters for Grosphus (4 spp., blue panels), Neogrosphus (1 sp., magenta panels) and Teruelius gen. n. (11 spp., yellow panels) examined in this study: position of trichobothrium d 2 on pedipalp femur; ratio R123 = d(Eb 2, Eb 3)/ d(Eb 1, Eb 2) of distances between pedipalp manus trichobothria Eb 1, Eb 2 and Eb 3; ranges of pectinal tooth counts (PTC) of males (♂) and females (♀); and size and shape of female basal pectinal tooth." captionText-1="Table 2. Character states for species examined. States of 6 characters for Grosphus (4 spp., blue panels), Neogrosphus (1 sp., magenta panels) and Teruelius gen. n. (11 spp., yellow panels) examined in this study: position of hemispermatophore basal lobe relative to base of flagellum; size of hemispermatophore posterior lobe; shape of spiracles; condition of metasoma I ventromedian carinae; telotarsal setation; and intensity of UV fluorescence." captionText-2="Table 3. Character states for species not examined. States of 6 characters for Grosphus (6 spp., blue panels), Neogrosphus (2 spp., magenta panels) and Teruelius gen. n. (7 spp., yellow panels) not examined in this study: position of trichobothrium d on pedipalp femur; ratio R = 2 123 d(Eb 2, Eb 3)/ d(Eb 1, Eb 2) of distances between pedipalp manus trichobothria Eb 1, Eb 2 and Eb 3; ranges of pectinal tooth counts (PTC) of males (♂) and females (♀);size and shape of female basal pectinal tooth; shape of spiracles; and telotarsal setation. Character states inferred from published descriptions and figures. PTC and basal pectinal tooth characters not indicated in cases where either males or females are not known or described. Other characters not indicated in cases where published descriptions did not yield clear information." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6D6617FFB8FFAE2722D503FCADF8A1" httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6D6617FFA1FFB7273FD584FB00F9E5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" tableUuid-0="DF6D6617FFB8FFAE2722D503FCADF8A1" tableUuid-2="DF6D6617FFA1FFB7273FD584FB00F9E5">Tables 1–3</tableCitation>
|
||
for diagnostic characters used to place the above taxa under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF24BCD492FBE6FA45" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1880" box="[1005,1108,1515,1539]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF24BCD492FBE6FA45" box="[1005,1108,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3086514FFB9FFAA2461D756FD18FF05" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB9FFAE2461D756FE00FA5A" blockId="8.[814,1476,1582,2026]" lastBlockId="9.[111,770,1284,2045]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
REMARKS. We consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF231BD748FB03FA0F" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1880" box="[1098,1201,1585,1609]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF231BD748FB03FA0F" box="[1098,1201,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Grosphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
paraphyletic and define two species groups distinguished by major differences in hemispermatophore capsule form: (i)‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF23AAD708FA0EFACF" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1275,1468,1649,1673]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF23AAD708FA0EFACF" box="[1275,1468,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ group: capsule elongate, monocarinate, with basal lobe located far proximal to base of flagellum (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF23F6D7C8FA3BFA8F" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1191,1417,1713,1737]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF23F6D7C8FA3BFA8F" box="[1191,1417,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (ii) ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2468D7A8FCC5FAAF" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[825,887,1745,1769]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2468D7A8FCC5FAAF" box="[825,887,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ group: capsule short, carination variable, with basal lobe located distally near base of flagellum (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2273D788FA25FB4F" authorityName="Lourenco & Goodman" authorityYear="2006" box="[1314,1431,1777,1801]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goudoti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2273D788FA87FB4E" box="[1314,1333,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2217D788FA25FB4F" box="[1350,1431,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">goudoti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF22F9D788FCDCFB6F" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF22F9D788FA09FB4E" box="[1448,1467,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D668FCDCFB6F" box="[816,878,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF24F6D668FBF9FB6F" authorityName="Lourenco & Wilme" authorityYear="2015" box="[935,1099,1809,1833]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voahangyae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF24F6D668FC08FB6E" box="[935,954,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF249BD668FBF9FB6F" box="[970,1099,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">voahangyae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Phylogenetic polarity of capsule form is unclear. Possible group affiliations of other species are suggested by some similarities in external characters, e.g.: (i) ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2468D608FC48FBCF" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[825,1018,1905,1929]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2468D608FC48FBCF" box="[825,1018,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ group: elliptic spiracles, more elongate metasomal segments, maculation patterns weak or absent, subaculear tubercle small or absent; may include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2204D6C8FA09FB8F" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme & Waeber" authorityYear="2018" box="[1365,1467,1969,1993]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambre">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2204D6C8FADAFB8E" box="[1365,1384,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2229D6C8FA09FB8F" box="[1400,1467,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">ambre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2461D6A8FC65FBAF" authorityName="Lourenco & Goodman" authorityYear="2009" box="[816,983,2001,2025]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mayottensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2461D6A8FCF1FBAE" box="[816,835,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2408D6ABFC65FBAF" box="[857,983,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">mayottensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF234BD6A8FB69FBAF" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber" authorityYear="2017" box="[1050,1243,2001,2025]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rakotoariveloi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF234BD6A8FB9FFBAE" box="[1050,1069,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2313D6A8FB69FBAF" box="[1090,1243,2001,2025]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">rakotoariveloi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (ii) ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB9FFAF2278D6A8FAD5FBAF" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[1321,1383,2001,2025]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB9FFAF2278D6A8FAD5FBAF" box="[1321,1383,2001,2025]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ group: ovoid spiracles, more stout metasomal segments, stronger maculation patterns, subaculear tubercle more developed; may include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2658D43CFECCF91A" authorityName="Lourenco, Qi & Goodman" authorityYear="2007" box="[265,382,1348,1372]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2658D43CFEAEF91A" box="[265,284,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2663D43DFECCF91A" box="[306,382,1348,1372]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">polskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE26C2D43CFD92F91A" authorityName="Lourenco, Soarimalala & Goodman" authorityYear="2009" box="[403,544,1349,1372]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tavaratra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE26C2D43CFE14F91A" box="[403,422,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE26EAD43CFD92F91A" box="[443,544,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">tavaratra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, external characters can be misleading and definitive group assignment requires study of hemispermatophore capsules. For example,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2721D4DCFF52F9FA" authorityName="Lourenco & Goodman" authorityYear="2006" box="[112,224,1444,1468]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goudoti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2721D4DCFF31F9FA" box="[112,131,1445,1468]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE27DED4DDFF52F9FA" box="[143,224,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">goudoti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles species of the ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE26A7D4DDFD05F9FA" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[502,695,1444,1468]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE26A7D4DDFD05F9FA" box="[502,695,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ group in external characters (metasoma slender, weak maculation, elliptic spiracles, lack of subaculear tubercle) but possesses a ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2729D77DFF04FA5A" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[120,182,1540,1564]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2729D77DFF04FA5A" box="[120,182,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ group type of capsule.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB8FFAE27ABD075FAC6F81B" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<table id="F912C43FFFB80058272CD073FA18F818" box="[125,1450,266,1118]" gridcols="6" gridrows="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" rowsContinueIn="10.[127,1444,249,1255]">
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD073FA18FE68" box="[125,1450,266,558]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD073FE0AFE68" box="[125,440,266,558]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE27ABD075FEDFFD62" bold="true" box="[250,365,268,292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">SPECIES</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272CD032FE33FE68" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD032FEF7FD25" authorityName="Lourenco & Goodman" authorityYear="2006" box="[125,325,331,355]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goudoti">Grosphus goudoti</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD007FE83FDD0" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[125,305,382,406]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">Grosphus hirtus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD0C8FE0AFD8F" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[125,440,433,457]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">Grosphus madagascariensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD09AFEC4FDBD" authorityName="Lourenco & Wilme" authorityYear="2015" box="[125,374,483,507]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voahangyae">Grosphus voahangyae</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD36FFE33FE68" baseAuthorityName="Vachon" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[125,385,534,558]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Neogrosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="griveaudi">Neogrosphus griveaudi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD073FD0FFE68" box="[523,701,266,558]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE257ED073FD3EFD64" bold="true" box="[559,652,266,290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
femur
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE252FD073FD3EFD64" bold="true" box="[638,652,266,290]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">d</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE25C1D06CFD2BFD60" bold="true" box="[656,665,277,294]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">2</emphasis>
|
||
carinal internal/carinal internal/carinal carinal internal/ dorsal?
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D073FCD4FE68" box="[758,870,266,558]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2445D072FC94FD64" bold="true" box="[788,806,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">R</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE247DD06CFCFAFD60" bold="true" box="[812,840,277,294]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">123</emphasis>
|
||
0.82 0.32–0.83 0.45–1.04 0.44–0.64 0.55
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D073FC46FE68" box="[929,1012,266,558]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE24F0D075FC46FD62" bold="true" box="[929,1012,266,292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">PTC ♂</emphasis>
|
||
19–22 17–20 15–20 15–19 29–31
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D073FB31FE68" box="[1072,1155,266,558]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2361D075FB31FD62" bold="true" box="[1072,1155,266,292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">PTC ♀</emphasis>
|
||
17–19 14–18 13–18 14–16 27–29
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D073FA18FE68" box="[1201,1450,266,558]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE23E0D075FA18FD62" bold="true" box="[1201,1450,266,292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">basal pectine tooth ♀</emphasis>
|
||
short, wide short, wide short, wide short, wide short, wide
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD330FA18FE27" box="[125,1450,585,609]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD330FE0AFE27" box="[125,440,585,609]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD330FE21FE27" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[125,403,585,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankarafantsika">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272CD330FE21FE27" box="[125,403,585,609]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius ankarafantsika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD330FD0FFE27" box="[523,701,585,609]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D330FCD4FE27" box="[758,870,585,609]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="8"><0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D330FC46FE27" box="[929,1012,585,609]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">27–31</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D330FB31FE27" box="[1072,1155,585,609]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">24–27</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D330FA18FE27" box="[1201,1450,585,609]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">long, narrow</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD305FA18FED2" box="[125,1450,636,660]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD305FE0AFED2" box="[125,440,636,660]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD305FEE5FED2" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco & Goodman" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[125,343,636,660]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankarana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272CD305FEE5FED2" box="[125,343,636,660]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius ankarana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD305FD0FFED2" box="[523,701,636,660]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dorsal/carinal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D305FCD4FED2" box="[758,870,636,660]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="8"><0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D305FC46FED2" box="[929,1012,636,660]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">36–41</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D305FB31FED2" box="[1072,1155,636,660]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">31–35</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D305FA18FED2" box="[1201,1450,636,660]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">long, narrow</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD3D6FA18FE81" box="[125,1450,687,711]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD3D6FE0AFE81" box="[125,440,687,711]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD3D6FEE8FE81" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Fage" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[125,346,687,711]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272CD3D6FEE8FE81" box="[125,346,687,711]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD3D6FD0FFE81" box="[523,701,687,711]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D3D6FCD4FE81" box="[758,870,687,711]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="8"><0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D3D6FC46FE81" box="[929,1012,687,711]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">32–34</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D3D6FB31FE81" box="[1072,1155,687,711]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">24–29</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D3D6FA18FE81" box="[1201,1450,687,711]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">long, narrow</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD398FA18FEBC" box="[125,1450,737,762]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD398FE0AFEBC" box="[125,440,737,762]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD39BFEE4FEBC" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[125,342,738,762]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bistriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272CD39BFEE4FEBC" box="[125,342,738,762]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius bistriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD398FD0FFEBC" box="[523,701,737,762]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D398FCD4FEBC" box="[758,870,737,762]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="8"><0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D398FC46FEBC" box="[929,1012,737,762]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">27–30</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D398FB31FEBC" box="[1072,1155,737,762]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">24–25</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D398FA18FEBC" box="[1201,1450,737,762]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">long, narrow</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD26DFA18FF6B" box="[125,1450,788,813]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD26DFE0AFF6B" box="[125,440,788,813]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD26DFEA2FF6B" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[125,272,788,813]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272CD26DFEA2FF6B" box="[125,272,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius feti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD26DFD0FFF6B" box="[523,701,788,813]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D26DFCD4FF6B" box="[758,870,788,813]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8"><0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D26DFC46FF6B" box="[929,1012,788,813]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">30</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D26DFB31FF6B" box="[1072,1155,788,813]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">25–28</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D26DFA18FF6B" box="[1201,1450,788,813]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">long, narrow</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD23EFA18FF19" box="[125,1450,839,863]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD23EFE0AFF19" box="[125,440,839,863]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD23EFED9FF19" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[125,363,839,863]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavopiceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272CD23EFED9FF19" box="[125,363,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius flavopiceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD23EFD0FFF19" box="[523,701,839,863]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D23EFCD4FF19" box="[758,870,839,863]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8"><0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D23EFC46FF19" box="[929,1012,839,863]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">27–32</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D23EFB31FF19" box="[1072,1155,839,863]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">24–30</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D23EFA18FF19" box="[1201,1450,839,863]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">long, narrow</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD203FA18FFD4" box="[125,1450,890,914]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD203FE0AFFD4" box="[125,440,890,914]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD203FED9FFD4" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[125,363,890,914]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandidieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272CD203FED9FFD4" box="[125,363,890,914]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius grandidieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD203FD0FFFD4" box="[523,701,890,914]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D203FCD4FFD4" box="[758,870,890,914]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="8"><0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D203FC46FFD4" box="[929,1012,890,914]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">34–40</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D203FB31FFD4" box="[1072,1155,890,914]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">30–34</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D203FA18FFD4" box="[1201,1450,890,914]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">long, narrow</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD2D4FA18FF83" box="[125,1450,941,965]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD2D4FE0AFF83" box="[125,440,941,965]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272CD2D4FED4FF83" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[125,358,941,965]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intertidalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272CD2D4FED4FF83" box="[125,358,941,965]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius intertidalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD2D4FD0FFF83" box="[523,701,941,965]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D2D4FCD4FF83" box="[758,870,941,965]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="8"><0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D2D4FC46FF83" box="[929,1012,941,965]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">32–34</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D2D4FB31FF83" box="[1072,1155,941,965]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">28–30</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D2D4FA18FF83" box="[1201,1450,941,965]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">long, narrow</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD299FA18FFBE" box="[125,1450,992,1016]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD299FE0AFFBE" box="[125,440,992,1016]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272FD299FEFEFFBE" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Pocock" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[126,332,992,1016]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limbatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272FD299FEFEFFBE" box="[126,332,992,1016]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius limbatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD299FD0FFFBE" box="[523,701,992,1016]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dorsal/carinal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D299FCD4FFBE" box="[758,870,992,1016]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="8"><0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D299FC46FFBE" box="[929,1012,992,1016]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">25–32</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D299FB31FFBE" box="[1072,1155,992,1016]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">23–29</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D299FA18FFBE" box="[1201,1450,992,1016]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">long, narrow</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD56AFA18F86D" box="[125,1450,1043,1067]" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD56AFE0AF86D" box="[125,440,1043,1067]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272FD56AFE35F86D" box="[126,391,1043,1067]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mahafaliensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272FD56AFE35F86D" box="[126,391,1043,1067]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius mahafaliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD56AFD0FF86D" box="[523,701,1043,1067]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D56AFCD4F86D" box="[758,870,1043,1067]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="8"><0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D56AFC46F86D" box="[929,1012,1043,1067]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">28–40</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D56AFB31F86D" box="[1072,1155,1043,1067]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">27–31</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D56AFA18F86D" box="[1201,1450,1043,1067]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">long, narrow</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFB80058272CD53CFA18F818" box="[125,1450,1093,1118]" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFB80058272CD53CFE0AF818" box="[125,440,1093,1118]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE272FD53FFE99F818" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[126,299,1094,1118]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olgae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE272FD53FFE99F818" box="[126,299,1094,1118]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius olgae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB80058255AD53CFD0FF818" box="[523,701,1093,1118]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005825A7D53CFCD4F818" box="[758,870,1093,1118]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="8"><0.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005824F0D53CFC46F818" box="[929,1012,1093,1118]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">29–33</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB800582361D53CFB31F818" box="[1072,1155,1093,1118]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">26–29</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFB8005823E0D53CFA18F818" box="[1201,1450,1093,1118]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">long, narrow</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6D6617FFB8FFAE2722D503FCADF8A1" ID-Table-UUID="DF6D6617FFB8FFAE2722D503FCADF8A1" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6D6617FFB8FFAE2722D503FCADF8A1" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" startId="9.[115,171,1146,1167]" targetBox="[125,1450,266,1118]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB8FFAE2722D503FCADF8A1" blockId="9.[115,1472,1146,1255]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2722D503FF72F8C9" bold="true" box="[115,192,1146,1167]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Table 1</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE279FD503FDEBF8D6" bold="true" box="[206,601,1146,1168]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Character states for species examined</emphasis>
|
||
. States of 5 characters for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2436D503FC71F8C9" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1880" box="[871,963,1146,1167]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2436D503FC71F8C9" box="[871,963,1146,1167]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Grosphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(4 spp., blue panels),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE23F2D503FA93F8C9" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1995" box="[1187,1313,1146,1167]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Neogrosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE23F2D503FA93F8C9" box="[1187,1313,1146,1167]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Neogrosphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 sp., magenta panels) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE27BBD5EEFEF0F8EA" authority="Lowe & Kovařík, 2019" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" box="[234,322,1175,1196]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE27BBD5EEFEF0F8EA" box="[234,322,1175,1196]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557F6FFB8FFAE261BD5EEFE3DF8EA" box="[330,399,1175,1196]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE261BD5EEFEDCF8EA" bold="true" box="[330,366,1175,1196]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">gen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE262AD5EEFE3AF8EA" bold="true" box="[379,392,1175,1196]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(11 spp., yellow panels) examined in this study: position of trichobothrium
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2328D5EEFB37F8EA" box="[1145,1157,1175,1196]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB8FFAE23D4D5DFFB3EF8F4" attach="left" box="[1157,1164,1190,1202]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
|
||
on pedipalp femur; ratio
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE22D9D5E1FA25F8EB" box="[1416,1431,1176,1197]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">R</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB8FFAE22C7D5DFFA19F8F4" attach="left" box="[1430,1451,1190,1202]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">123</subScript>
|
||
= d(
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE27D6D5CDFF10F88F" box="[135,162,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Eb</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB8FFAE27F3D5BAFF1BF889" attach="left" box="[162,169,1219,1231]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE27E4D5CDFF62F88F" box="[181,208,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Eb</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB8FFAE2781D5BAFF65F889" attach="left" box="[208,215,1219,1231]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">3</subScript>
|
||
)/ d(
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2651D5CDFEA9F88F" box="[256,283,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Eb</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB8FFAE264AD5BAFE90F889" attach="left" box="[283,290,1219,1231]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE267FD5CDFEFBF88F" box="[302,329,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Eb</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB8FFAE2618D5BAFEE2F889" attach="left" box="[329,336,1219,1231]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
|
||
) of distances between pedipalp manus trichobothria
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE241FD5CDFCDBF88F" box="[846,873,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Eb</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB8FFAE2438D5BAFCC2F889" attach="left" box="[873,880,1219,1231]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE242DD5CDFC25F88F" box="[892,919,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Eb</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB8FFAE24C6D5BAFC2CF889" attach="left" box="[919,926,1219,1231]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE249FD5CDFC5BF88F" box="[974,1001,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Eb</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFB8FFAE24B9D5BAFC5DF889" attach="left" box="[1000,1007,1219,1231]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">3</subScript>
|
||
; ranges of pectinal tooth counts (PTC) of males (♂) and females (♀); and size and shape of female basal pectinal tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB8FFAE2721D73CFE81FA1A" blockId="9.[111,770,1284,2045]" box="[112,307,1604,1628]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">NEW SYNONYMIES.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB8FFAE2721D71DFD46FADA" blockId="9.[111,770,1284,2045]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2721D71DFE86FA3A" box="[112,308,1636,1660]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Grosphus halleuxi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE266DD71CFF17FADA" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME L & V. SOARIMALALA & P. O. WAEBER" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Arachnologia" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="61 - 69" part="30" refId="ref40436" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., L. WILME L, V. SOARIMALALA & P. O. WAEBER. 2017. Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 associated to Grosphus simoni Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona, 2004 with description of two new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Revista Iberica de Arachnologia, 30: 61 - 69." title="Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 associated to Grosphus simoni Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona, 2004 with description of two new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2017">Lourenço, Wilmé, Soarimalala & Waeber, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2790D7FDFD12FADA" authority="(Gervais, 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[193,672,1668,1692]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2790D7FDFE42FADA" box="[193,496,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Grosphus madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE26ACD7FDFD2AFADA" author="GERVAIS, P. M." box="[509,664,1668,1692]" journalOrPublisher="Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="129 - 131" part="5" refId="ref34342" refString="GERVAIS, P. M. 1843. (Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions). Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances, 5 (7): 129 - 131." title="Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions" type="journal article" year="1843">Gervais, 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557F6FFB8FFAE25FAD7FDFD46FADA" box="[683,756,1668,1692]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE25FAD7FDFD60FADA" bold="true" box="[683,722,1668,1692]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">syn</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE258FD7FDFD5FFADA" bold="true" box="[734,749,1668,1692]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB8FFAE2721D7DDFD11FA9A" blockId="9.[111,770,1284,2045]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2721D7DDFE5CFAFA" authority="Lourenco, 2005" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2005" box="[112,494,1700,1724]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2721D7DDFE8DFAFA" box="[112,319,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Grosphus mandena</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE2614D7DCFE5CFAFA" author="LOURENCO, W. R." box="[325,494,1700,1724]" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="83 - 87" part="37" refId="ref38436" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 2005. Scorpions from Mandena East Coastal rain forest in Madagascar, and description of a new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 37: 83 - 87." title="Scorpions from Mandena East Coastal rain forest in Madagascar, and description of a new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2005">Lourenço, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2721D7BDFDFCFA9A" authority="(Gervais, 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[112,590,1732,1756]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2721D7BDFE2CFA9A" box="[112,414,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Grosphus madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE26FDD7BDFDF4FA9A" author="GERVAIS, P. M." box="[428,582,1732,1756]" journalOrPublisher="Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="129 - 131" part="5" refId="ref34342" refString="GERVAIS, P. M. 1843. (Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions). Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances, 5 (7): 129 - 131." title="Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions" type="journal article" year="1843">Gervais, 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557F6FFB8FFAE2508D7BDFD11FA9A" box="[601,675,1732,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2508D7BDFD32FA9A" bold="true" box="[601,640,1732,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">syn</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE25DCD7BDFD2EFA9A" bold="true" box="[653,668,1732,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB8FFAE2721D79DFD11FB5A" blockId="9.[111,770,1284,2045]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2721D79DFD5EFABA" authority="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona, 2004" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[112,748,1764,1788]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2721D79DFE96FABA" box="[112,292,1764,1788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Grosphus simoni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE267BD79CFD5EFABA" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN & O. RAMILIJAONA" box="[298,748,1764,1788]" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Aracnologia" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="225 - 234" part="9" refId="ref39550" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., S. M. GOODMAN & O. RAMILIJAONA. 2004. Three new species of Grosphus Simon from Madagascar (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 9: 225 - 234." title="Three new species of Grosphus Simon from Madagascar (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2004">Lourenço, Goodman & Ramilijaona, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2721D67DFDFCFB5A" authority="(Gervais, 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[112,590,1796,1820]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2721D67DFE2CFB5A" box="[112,414,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Grosphus madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE26FDD67DFDF4FB5A" author="GERVAIS, P. M." box="[428,582,1796,1820]" journalOrPublisher="Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="129 - 131" part="5" refId="ref34342" refString="GERVAIS, P. M. 1843. (Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions). Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances, 5 (7): 129 - 131." title="Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions" type="journal article" year="1843">Gervais, 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557F6FFB8FFAE2508D67DFD11FB5A" box="[601,675,1796,1820]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2508D67DFD32FB5A" bold="true" box="[601,640,1796,1820]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">syn</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE25DCD67DFD2EFB5A" bold="true" box="[653,668,1796,1820]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB8FFAE27CED65DFC61FBBA" blockId="9.[111,770,1284,2045]" lastBlockId="9.[814,1473,1284,2044]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
The single
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFB8FFAE264CD65DFECAFB7A" box="[285,376,1828,1852]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE26B5D65CFD74FB7A" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[484,710,1828,1852]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE26B5D65CFE45FB7A" box="[484,503,1829,1852]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2558D65DFD74FB7A" box="[521,710,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
used for description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE266BD63DFE66FB1A" author="GERVAIS, P. M." box="[314,468,1860,1884]" journalOrPublisher="Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="129 - 131" part="5" refId="ref34342" refString="GERVAIS, P. M. 1843. (Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions). Societe Philomatique de Paris. Extraits des Proces-Verbaux des Seances, 5 (7): 129 - 131." title="Les principaux resultats d'un travail sur la famille des Scorpions" type="journal article" year="1843">Gervais (1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE26B2D63DFDABFB1A" author="GERVAIS, P. M." bookContentInfo="418 pp." box="[483,537,1860,1884]" editor="Walckenaer, C. A." journalOrPublisher="Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="14 - 74" part="3" refId="ref34383" refString="GERVAIS, P. M. 1844. Scorpions. Pp. 14 - 74 in: Walckenaer, C. A. (Ed.). Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Apteres. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 3 (8), 418 pp." title="Scorpions" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Apteres" year="1844">1844</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is in poor condition after 176 years. It is disarticulated into several fragments: metasoma III–V + telson, metasoma I–II, hollowed carapace and tergites with most of coxosternal area and sternites III–VI missing, and 4 partial leg fragments (cf. https://science.mnhn. fr/taxon/species/grosphus/madagascariensis). The type locality is given only as ‘Madagascar’.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE2322D47DFAB9F95A" author="GERVAIS, P. M." bookContentInfo="418 pp." box="[1139,1291,1284,1308]" editor="Walckenaer, C. A." journalOrPublisher="Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="14 - 74" part="3" refId="ref34383" refString="GERVAIS, P. M. 1844. Scorpions. Pp. 14 - 74 in: Walckenaer, C. A. (Ed.). Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Apteres. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 3 (8), 418 pp." title="Scorpions" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Apteres" year="1844">Gervais (1844</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. XI, figs. 1–3) published a color painting of the dorsal habitus, and drawings of two consecutive metasomal segments in lateral view (segments not specified, but possibly III–IV), showing enlarged spiniform granules on posterior dorsal carinae, and the carapace with median and lateral eyes. With only limited information available about the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFB8FFAE24CCD4BDFC49F99A" box="[925,1019,1476,1500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, which has lost many body parts bearing key taxonomic characters, it is difficult to precisely pin down the identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2481D77CFB03FA5A" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[976,1201,1540,1564]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2481D77CFC51FA5A" box="[976,995,1541,1564]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE24A5D77DFB03FA5A" box="[1012,1201,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in relation to a group of several other currently-named similar taxa (i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2271D75CFA08FA7A" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[1312,1466,1572,1596]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darainensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2271D75CFA81FA7A" box="[1312,1331,1573,1596]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2211D75DFA08FA7A" box="[1344,1466,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">darainensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE247ED73CFC15FA1A" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber, Previous" authorityYear="2017" box="[815,935,1604,1628]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halleuxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE247ED73CFCF0FA1A" box="[815,834,1605,1628]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2402D73DFC15FA1A" box="[851,935,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">halleuxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE24E8D73CFB8CFA1A" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2005" box="[953,1086,1604,1628]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE24E8D73CFC7EFA1A" box="[953,972,1605,1628]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE248FD73DFB8CFA1A" box="[990,1086,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">mandena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2301D73CFAB8FA1A" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber" authorityYear="2017" box="[1104,1290,1604,1628]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rakotoariveloi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2301D73CFBD1FA1A" box="[1104,1123,1605,1628]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2324D73DFAB8FA1A" box="[1141,1290,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">rakotoariveloi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE2217D73CFA03FA1A" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[1350,1457,1605,1628]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2217D73CFAEBFA1A" box="[1350,1369,1605,1628]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE223AD73CFA03FA1A" box="[1387,1457,1605,1628]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE247FD71DFC3BFA3A" authority="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber, Previous" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber, Previous" authorityYear="2017" box="[814,905,1636,1660]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halleuxi">Previous</taxonomicName>
|
||
diagnoses of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE2362D71DFB43FA3A" author="KRAEPELIN, K." box="[1075,1265,1636,1660]" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften. Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 17" part="16" refId="ref36651" refString="KRAEPELIN, K. 1900. Ueber einige neue Gliederspinnen. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften. Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg, 16, 1 (4): 1 - 17." title="Ueber einige neue Gliederspinnen" type="journal article" year="1900">Kraepelin (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE2255D71CFA3EFA3A" author="FAGE, L." box="[1284,1420,1636,1661]" journalOrPublisher="Societe d'Editions Geographiques Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="637 - 693" refId="ref33536" refString="FAGE, L. 1929. Les scorpions de Madagascar, leur affinites, leur distribution geographique. Pp. 637 - 693 in: Faune des Colonies Francaises. Societe d'Editions Geographiques Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris." title="Les scorpions de Madagascar, leur affinites, leur distribution geographique" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Faune des Colonies Francaises" year="1929">Fage (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE247FD7FCFC5CFADA" author="LOURENCO, W. R." bookContentInfo="102 pp." box="[814,1006,1668,1692]" journalOrPublisher="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" refId="ref37632" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 1996 b. Faune de Madagascar. 87. Scorpions (Chelicerata, Scorpiones). Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. 102 pp." title="Faune de Madagascar. 87. Scorpions (Chelicerata, Scorpiones)" type="book" year="1996">Lourenço (1996b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed some characters that differentiate
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE22F7D7FCFA0BFADA" box="[1446,1465,1669,1692]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE247ED7DDFC5EFAFA" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[815,1004,1700,1724]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE247ED7DDFC5EFAFA" box="[815,1004,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE237CD7DCFB39FAFA" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[1069,1163,1700,1724]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE237CD7DCFBF2FAFA" box="[1069,1088,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE231FD7DDFB39FAFA" box="[1102,1163,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB8FFAE23FED7DDFABDFAFA" authority="Lowe & Kovařík, 2019" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" box="[1199,1295,1700,1724]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE23FED7DDFABDFAFA" box="[1199,1295,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Teruelius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557F6FFB8FFAE2246D7DDFAD0FAFA" box="[1303,1378,1700,1724]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE2246D7DDFA8CFAFA" bold="true" box="[1303,1342,1700,1724]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">gen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB8FFAE221CD7DDFAEEFAFA" bold="true" box="[1357,1372,1700,1724]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Meristic characters were: PTC
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFB8FFAE2344D7BDFB9AFA9A" box="[1045,1064,1732,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
18–20,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFB8FFAE2326D7BDFB37FA9A" box="[1143,1157,1732,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
16–18, and pedipalp movable finger granule rows 12.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE2371D79CFAE6FABA" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[1056,1364,1764,1788]" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="247 - 261" part="113" refId="ref39371" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN. 2006. Further considerations regarding the status of Grosphus madagascariensis (Gervais) and Grosphus hirtus Kraepelin, and description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 113 (2): 247 - 261." title="Further considerations regarding the status of Grosphus madagascariensis (Gervais) and Grosphus hirtus Kraepelin, and description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2006">Lourenço & Goodman (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that Goudot, collector of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFB8FFAE233ED67DFB7FFB5A" box="[1135,1229,1796,1820]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, travelled in the north eastern region. They selected a male and female from Forêt de Plateau de Makira, in humid northeastern forest near Antongil Bay, as reference material for a redescription. The redescription is generic for the group, with few diagnostic characters: PTC
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFB8FFAE247FD6DDFCF3FBFA" box="[814,833,1956,1980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
20,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFB8FFAE2436D6DDFCC7FBFA" box="[871,885,1956,1980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
15–16, pedipalp movable finger granule rows 13. Lateral eyes were incorrectly cited only as only 3 pairs, contradicting
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFB8FFAE247FD69DFC7DFBBA" author="GERVAIS, P. M." bookContentInfo="418 pp." box="[814,975,2020,2044]" editor="Walckenaer, C. A." journalOrPublisher="Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="14 - 74" part="3" refId="ref34383" refString="GERVAIS, P. M. 1844. Scorpions. Pp. 14 - 74 in: Walckenaer, C. A. (Ed.). Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Apteres. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 3 (8), 418 pp." title="Scorpions" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Apteres" year="1844">Gervais (1844)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFBBFFAD27BED073FACDF891" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<table id="F912C43FFFBB0058272ED180FA16F8A1" box="[127,1444,249,1255]" gridcols="7" gridrows="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" rowsContinueFrom="9.[125,1450,266,1118]">
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED180FA16FE0E" box="[127,1444,249,584]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED180FE04FE0E" box="[127,438,249,584]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD27BED073FED3FD64" bold="true" box="[239,353,266,290]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">SPECIES</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED031FE32FE71" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED031FEF6FD26" authorityName="Lourenco & Goodman" authorityYear="2006" box="[127,324,328,352]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goudoti">Grosphus goudoti</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED003FE82FDD4" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[127,304,378,402]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">Grosphus hirtus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED0D5FE04FD82" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[127,438,428,452]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">Grosphus madagascariensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED0A7FEC7FDB0" authorityName="Lourenco & Wilme" authorityYear="2015" box="[127,373,478,502]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voahangyae">Grosphus voahangyae</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED366FE32FE71" baseAuthorityName="Vachon" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[127,384,543,567]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Neogrosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="griveaudi">Neogrosphus griveaudi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D180FDC2FE0E" box="[487,624,249,584]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD26B6D180FDD4FD72" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">hemisperm. basal lobe</emphasis>
|
||
distal distal proximal distal distal
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D180FC98FE0E" box="[648,810,249,584]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD25C5D180FC98FD72" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">hemisperm. posterior lobe</emphasis>
|
||
long long long long short
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D180FC17FE0E" box="[832,933,249,584]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2411D073FC17FD64" bold="true" box="[832,933,266,290]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
elliptic ovoid elliptic ovoid narrow elliptic
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED180FBECFE0E" box="[959,1118,249,584]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD24EED180FBE8FD72" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">met. I ventro- med. carinae</emphasis>
|
||
granulate granulate granulate granulate granulate
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD180FB5DFE0E" box="[1149,1263,249,584]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD232CD180FB56FD72" bold="true" box="[1149,1263,249,308]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">telotarsus setation</emphasis>
|
||
sparse sparse sparse sparse dense
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D180FA16FE0E" box="[1300,1444,249,584]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2218D180FA16FD72" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">UV fluorescence</emphasis>
|
||
weak weak weak weak strong
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED326FA16FE3E" box="[127,1444,607,632]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED326FE04FE3E" box="[127,438,607,632]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED326FE23FE31" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[127,401,607,631]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankarafantsika">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED326FE23FE31" box="[127,401,607,631]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius ankarafantsika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D326FDC2FE3E" box="[487,624,607,632]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">distal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D326FC98FE3E" box="[648,810,607,632]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">short</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D326FC17FE3E" box="[832,933,607,632]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED326FBECFE3E" box="[959,1118,607,632]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">smooth</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD326FB5DFE3E" box="[1149,1263,607,632]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">dense</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D326FA16FE3E" box="[1300,1444,607,632]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">strong</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED3EBFA16FEEC" box="[127,1444,658,682]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED3EBFE04FEEC" box="[127,438,658,682]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED3EBFEE4FEEC" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco & Goodman" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[127,342,658,682]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankarana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED3EBFEE4FEEC" box="[127,342,658,682]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius ankarana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D3EBFDC2FEEC" box="[487,624,658,682]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">distal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D3EBFC98FEEC" box="[648,810,658,682]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">short</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D3EBFC17FEEC" box="[832,933,658,682]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED3EBFBECFEEC" box="[959,1118,658,682]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">smooth</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD3EBFB5DFEEC" box="[1149,1263,658,682]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">dense</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D3EBFA16FEEC" box="[1300,1444,658,682]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">strong</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED3BDFA16FE9A" box="[127,1444,708,732]" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED3BDFE04FE9A" box="[127,438,708,732]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED3BDFEEBFE9A" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Fage" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[127,345,708,732]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED3BDFEEBFE9A" box="[127,345,708,732]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D3BDFDC2FE9A" box="[487,624,708,732]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">distal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D3BDFC98FE9A" box="[648,810,708,732]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">short</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D3BDFC17FE9A" box="[832,933,708,732]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED3BDFBECFE9A" box="[959,1118,708,732]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">smooth</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD3BDFB5DFE9A" box="[1149,1263,708,732]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">dense</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D3BDFA16FE9A" box="[1300,1444,708,732]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">strong</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED38FFA16FF49" box="[127,1444,758,783]" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED38FFE04FF49" box="[127,438,758,783]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED38FFEE6FF48" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[127,340,758,782]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bistriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED38FFEE6FF48" box="[127,340,758,782]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius bistriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D38FFDC2FF49" box="[487,624,758,783]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D38FFC98FF49" box="[648,810,758,783]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D38FFC17FF49" box="[832,933,758,783]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED38FFBECFF49" box="[959,1118,758,783]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">smooth</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD38FFB5DFF49" box="[1149,1263,758,783]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">dense</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D38FFA16FF49" box="[1300,1444,758,783]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">strong</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED251FA16FF07" box="[127,1444,808,833]" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED251FE04FF07" box="[127,438,808,833]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED251FEA2FF06" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[127,272,808,832]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED251FEA2FF06" box="[127,272,808,832]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius feti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D251FDC2FF07" box="[487,624,808,833]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D251FC98FF07" box="[648,810,808,833]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D251FC17FF07" box="[832,933,808,833]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED251FBECFF07" box="[959,1118,808,833]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">smooth</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD251FB5DFF07" box="[1149,1263,808,833]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">dense</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D251FA16FF07" box="[1300,1444,808,833]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">strong</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED22CFA16FFD6" box="[127,1444,853,912]" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED22CFE04FFD6" box="[127,438,853,912]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED21EFEDBFF39" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[127,361,871,895]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavopiceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED21EFEDBFF39" box="[127,361,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius flavopiceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D22CFDC2FFD6" box="[487,624,853,912]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">distal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D22CFC98FFD6" box="[648,810,853,912]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">short</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D22CFC17FFD6" box="[832,933,853,912]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED22CFBECFFD6" box="[959,1118,853,912]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">crenulate/ smooth</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD22CFB5DFFD6" box="[1149,1263,853,912]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">dense</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D22CFA16FFD6" box="[1300,1444,853,912]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">strong</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED2D9FA16FF9C" box="[127,1444,928,986]" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED2D9FE04FF9C" box="[127,438,928,986]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED2C8FED8FF8F" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[127,362,945,969]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandidieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED2C8FED8FF8F" box="[127,362,945,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius grandidieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D2D9FDC2FF9C" box="[487,624,928,986]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">distal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D2D9FC98FF9C" box="[648,810,928,986]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">short</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D2D9FC17FF9C" box="[832,933,928,986]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED2D9FBECFF9C" box="[959,1118,928,986]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">crenulate/ smooth</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD2D9FB5DFF9C" box="[1149,1263,928,986]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">dense</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D2D9FA16FF9C" box="[1300,1444,928,986]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">strong</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED289FA16F84E" box="[127,1444,1008,1032]" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED289FE04F84E" box="[127,438,1008,1032]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED289FED7F84E" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[127,357,1008,1032]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intertidalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED289FED7F84E" box="[127,357,1008,1032]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius intertidalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D289FDC2F84E" box="[487,624,1008,1032]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">distal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D289FC98F84E" box="[648,810,1008,1032]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">short</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D289FC17F84E" box="[832,933,1008,1032]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED289FBECF84E" box="[959,1118,1008,1032]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">smooth</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD289FB5DF84E" box="[1149,1263,1008,1032]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">dense</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D289FA16F84E" box="[1300,1444,1008,1032]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">strong</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED566FA16F81F" box="[127,1444,1055,1113]" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED566FE04F81F" box="[127,438,1055,1113]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED549FEF9F80E" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Pocock" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[127,331,1072,1096]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limbatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED549FEF9F80E" box="[127,331,1072,1096]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius limbatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D566FDC2F81F" box="[487,624,1055,1113]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">distal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D566FC98F81F" box="[648,810,1055,1113]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">short</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D566FC17F81F" box="[832,933,1055,1113]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED566FBECF81F" box="[959,1118,1055,1113]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">crenulate/ smooth</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD566FB5DF81F" box="[1149,1263,1055,1113]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">dense</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D566FA16F81F" box="[1300,1444,1055,1113]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">strong</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED51EFA16F8E6" box="[127,1444,1127,1184]" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED51EFE04F8E6" box="[127,438,1127,1184]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED501FE37F8D6" box="[127,389,1144,1168]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mahafaliensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED501FE37F8D6" box="[127,389,1144,1168]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius mahafaliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D51EFDC2F8E6" box="[487,624,1127,1184]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">distal</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D51EFC98F8E6" box="[648,810,1127,1184]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">short</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D51EFC17F8E6" box="[832,933,1127,1184]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED51EFBECF8E6" box="[959,1118,1127,1184]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">crenulate/ smooth</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD51EFB5DF8E6" box="[1149,1263,1127,1184]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">dense</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D51EFA16F8E6" box="[1300,1444,1127,1184]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">strong</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352234DDFFBB0058272ED5D4FA16F8A1" box="[127,1444,1197,1255]" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="76F35DA1FFBB0058272ED5D4FE04F8A1" box="[127,438,1197,1255]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD272ED5C6FE98F891" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[127,298,1215,1239]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olgae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD272ED5C6FE98F891" box="[127,298,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius olgae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005826B6D5D4FDC2F8A1" box="[487,624,1197,1255]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">short</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005825D9D5D4FC98F8A1" box="[648,810,1197,1255]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">short</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582411D5D4FC17F8A1" box="[832,933,1197,1255]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB005824EED5D4FBECF8A1" box="[959,1118,1197,1255]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">weakly crenuate</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB0058232CD5D4FB5DF8A1" box="[1149,1263,1197,1255]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">dense</td>
|
||
<td id="76F35DA1FFBB00582245D5D4FA16F8A1" box="[1300,1444,1197,1255]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">strong</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6D6617FFBBFFAD2720D472FE39F931" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" startId="10.[113,169,1291,1312]" targetBox="[127,1444,249,1255]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFBBFFAD2720D472FE39F931" blockId="10.[113,1474,1291,1399]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2720D472FF0CF966" bold="true" box="[113,190,1291,1312]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Table 2</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD279CD472FDEBF967" bold="true" box="[205,601,1291,1313]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Character states for species examined</emphasis>
|
||
. States of 6 characters for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD2439D472FC76F966" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1880" box="[872,964,1291,1312]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2439D472FC76F966" box="[872,964,1291,1312]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Grosphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(4 spp., blue panels),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD23F5D472FA90F966" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1995" box="[1188,1314,1291,1312]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Neogrosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD23F5D472FA90F966" box="[1188,1314,1291,1312]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Neogrosphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 sp., magenta panels) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD27B9D451FEF2F97B" authority="Lowe & Kovařík, 2019" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" box="[232,320,1320,1341]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD27B9D451FEF2F97B" box="[232,320,1320,1341]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Teruelius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557F6FFBBFFAD2619D451FE3FF97B" box="[328,397,1320,1341]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2619D451FEDEF97B" bold="true" box="[328,364,1320,1341]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">gen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD262BD451FE35F97B" bold="true" box="[378,391,1320,1341]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(11 spp., yellow panels) examined in this study: position of hemispermatophore basal lobe relative to base of flagellum; size of hemispermatophore posterior lobe; shape of spiracles; condition of metasoma I ventromedian carinae; telotarsal setation; and intensity of UV fluorescence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFBBFFAB27F0D4EEFE3DFD25" blockId="10.[113,772,1431,2031]" lastBlockId="12.[113,772,235,2051]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD27F0D4EEFEE0F9E9" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[161,338,1431,1455]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD27F0D4EEFEE0F9E9" box="[161,338,1431,1455]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Grosphus simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by Lourenço, et al. (2004) from
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBBFFAD27FDD4C1FEFEF989" box="[172,332,1463,1487]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
: the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBBFFAD262FD4CEFE6BF989" box="[382,473,1463,1487]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male from Forêt de Plateau de Makira, Forêt de Sahantaha, which is humid tropical forest in the northeast; and a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBBFFAD263DD481FE74FA56" box="[364,454,1528,1552]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
male from Station Forestière d’Ampijoroa, Ankarafantsika National Park, which is dry deciduous forest in the northwest. The differential diagnosis was brief: paler coloration, metasoma with strong granules and carinae, including several larger posterior spiniform granules on dorsal carinae on segments II–IV. Recently, Lourenço, et al. (2017) moved the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBBFFAD26D9D7C1FE50FA96" box="[392,482,1720,1744]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
to a different species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD25B8D7C1FEB4FAA9" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber" authorityYear="2017" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rakotoariveloi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD25B8D7C1FEB4FAA9" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G. rakotoariveloi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, invalidating the original diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD25CDD7A1FCB1FAA9" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[668,771,1752,1775]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD25CDD7A1FD1DFAA9" box="[668,687,1752,1775]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD25ECD7A1FCB1FAA9" box="[701,771,1752,1775]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on both specimens. They revised the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD25B8D781FF05FB69" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD25B8D781FD4EFB49" box="[745,764,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2720D661FF05FB69" box="[113,183,1816,1839]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as: moderately darker coloration, several larger posterior spiniform granules on dorsal carinae of metasoma II–IV, PTC
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBBFFAD2720D62EFF37FB29" box="[113,133,1879,1903]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
15–17,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBBFFAD2782D62EFF53FB29" box="[211,225,1879,1903]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
14–15, pedipalp finger granule rows
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBBFFAD2536D621FDC8FB36" box="[615,634,1880,1904]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
11–12,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBBFFAD2599D621FD64FB36" box="[712,726,1880,1904]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
12– 13, male chela with weak to moderate scalloping. Photographs were included for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD267DD6E1FE23FBE9" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[300,401,1944,1967]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD267DD6E1FE8DFBE9" box="[300,319,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD261AD6E1FE23FBE9" box="[331,401,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens of both sexes from Forêt de Sahantaha (figs. 2–5), although the male was misidentified as a female, and the female misidentified as a male. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBBFFAD25F6D6AEFCB1FBA9" box="[679,771,2007,2031]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD24D5D4E1FC5BF9E9" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[900,1001,1432,1455]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD24D5D4E1FC25F9E9" box="[900,919,1432,1455]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD24F2D4E1FC5BF9E9" box="[931,1001,1432,1455]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is well documented in high resolution images published on the FMNH website: https://collections-zoology. fieldmuseum.org/catalogue/963985. We studied FMNH materials (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBBFFAD24CFD48EFC72FA49" box="[926,960,1527,1551]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBBFFAD249AD481FC58FA56" box="[971,1002,1528,1552]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
) from Andasibe determined as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD227ED481FA26FA49" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[1327,1428,1528,1551]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD227ED481FAF0FA49" box="[1327,1346,1528,1551]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD221FD481FA26FA49" box="[1358,1428,1528,1551]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.We further compared other materials, including a male determined by M. Vachon as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD24A9D741FAFBFA16" authority="(MHNG)" baseAuthorityName="MHNG" box="[1016,1353,1591,1616]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD24A9D741FBB9FA09" box="[1016,1035,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD234CD74EFB68FA09" box="[1053,1242,1591,1615]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
(MHNG)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We found no convincing diagnostic characters to support a distinction between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD24C8D701FBB8FAC9" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[921,1034,1656,1679]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD24C8D701FC1EFAC9" box="[921,940,1656,1679]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2495D701FBB8FAC9" box="[964,1034,1656,1679]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD2303D701FA8BFAC9" box="[1106,1337,1655,1679]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2303D701FBD7FAC9" box="[1106,1125,1656,1679]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD232CD70EFA8BFAC9" box="[1149,1337,1655,1679]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Diagnostic characters for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD2494D7E1FB9EFAE9" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[965,1068,1688,1711]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2494D7E1FC6AFAE9" box="[965,984,1688,1711]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD24B7D7E1FB9EFAE9" box="[998,1068,1688,1711]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
involve relatively minor differences in darker vs. lighter shades of color, differences in size of spiniform granules on dorsal metasomal segments, meristic differences of one or two pectine teeth with contiguous or overlapping ranges of PTC, and/ or pedipalp finger granule row counts. These characters are subject to inter-population and geographic variation in many scorpion taxa. Allowing for typical genetic variation, the metasoma and telson of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBBFFAD23E1D60EFAA4FBC9" box="[1200,1302,1911,1935]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD2265D601FA2AFBC9" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[1332,1432,1912,1935]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2265D601FAF5FBC9" box="[1332,1351,1912,1935]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2203D601FA2AFBC9" box="[1362,1432,1912,1935]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBBFFAD2461D6E1FBA3FBE9" box="[816,1041,1943,1967]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2461D6E1FCF1FBE9" box="[816,835,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBBFFAD2405D6EEFBA3FBE9" box="[852,1041,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not differ significantly in carination, spination or morphometrics. In the absence of quantitative analysis showing discontinuous variation either in characters or morphometrics to support splitting into discrete species, we regard them as synonyms. Localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2572D072FD3EFD64" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[547,652,267,290]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2572D072FD84FD64" box="[547,566,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2517D072FD3EFD64" box="[582,652,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
overlap or are sympatric with the distribution for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2558D052FD5AFD05" box="[521,744,299,323]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2558D052FDAEFD04" box="[521,540,299,322]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB257AD052FD5AFD05" box="[555,744,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in northeastern humid forests.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6D6617FFBAFFAC2725D600FA05F447" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143618" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7143618" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143618/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" startId="11.[116,190,1913,1935]" targetBox="[129,1461,231,1903]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFBAFFAC2725D600FA05F447" blockId="11.[115,1474,1913,2050]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2725D600FF43FBC8" bold="true" box="[116,241,1913,1935]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Figures 9–20</emphasis>
|
||
. Position of femur trichobothrium
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC257CD600FD8BFBC8" box="[557,569,1913,1934]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFBAFFAC2568D6F1FDF2FBD2" attach="both" box="[569,576,1928,1940]" fontSize="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">2</subScript>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC2508D600FD00FBC8" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1880" box="[601,690,1913,1934]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2508D600FD00FBC8" box="[601,690,1913,1934]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Grosphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC258CD600FC80FBC8" authority="Lowe & Kovařík, 2019" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" box="[733,818,1913,1934]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC258CD600FC80FBC8" box="[733,818,1913,1934]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Teruelius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557F6FFBAFFAC2467D600FCC4FBC8" box="[822,886,1913,1934]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2467D600FCEBFBC8" bold="true" box="[822,857,1913,1934]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">gen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2432D600FCC2FBC8" bold="true" box="[867,880,1913,1934]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Dorsal surfaces of proximal pedipalp femur of adult females (♀, left panels) and adult males (♂, right panels), under UV fluorescence to highlight granulation, carinae and trichobothrial areolae. White arrows indicate positions of trichobothrium
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC262BD6CBFE34FB81" box="[378,390,1970,1991]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">d</emphasis>
|
||
in each image.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC2574D6CAFD58FB81" box="[549,746,1970,1992]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2574D6CAFD84FB8E" box="[549,566,1971,1992]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2515D6CBFD58FB81" box="[580,746,1970,1991]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(9, 10; 2 samples from Anjiro (9) and Andasibe (10) show consistency of
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC22FED6CBFA09FB81" box="[1455,1467,1970,1991]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">d</emphasis>
|
||
2 2 position),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC279FD6A9FE92FBA2" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[206,288,1999,2021]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC279FD6A9FF6DFBA3" box="[206,223,2000,2021]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC27BBD6B6FE92FBA2" box="[234,288,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(11),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC2603D6A9FE6FFBA2" authorityName="Lourenco & Wilme" authorityYear="2015" box="[338,477,1999,2021]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voahangyae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2603D6A9FED1FBA3" box="[338,355,2000,2021]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC263CD6B6FE6FFBA2" box="[365,477,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">voahangyae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(12),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC2540D6A9FD00FBA2" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[529,690,1999,2021]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankarafantsika">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2540D6A9FDACFBA3" box="[529,542,2000,2021]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2579D6B6FD00FBA2" box="[552,690,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">ankarafantsika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(13, 15; 2 samples from Ampijoroa show consistency of
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC23E3D6B6FB0CFBA2" box="[1202,1214,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="179634DAFFBAFFAC23EFD6A7FB77FBAC" attach="both" box="[1214,1221,2014,2026]" fontSize="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">2</subScript>
|
||
position),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC2273D6A9FA20FBA2" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco & Goodman" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[1314,1426,1999,2021]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankarana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2273D6A9FA9DFBA3" box="[1314,1327,2000,2021]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2268D6B6FA20FBA2" box="[1337,1426,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">ankarana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(14),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC2722D694FF44F447" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[115,246,2028,2050]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavopiceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2722D694FF32F444" box="[115,128,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC27DDD695FF44F447" box="[140,246,2028,2049]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">flavopiceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(16),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC267CD694FE03F447" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[301,433,2028,2050]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandidieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC267CD694FE88F444" box="[301,314,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2617D695FE03F447" box="[326,433,2028,2049]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">grandidieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(17),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC26B8D694FDE1F447" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Pocock" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[489,595,2028,2050]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limbatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC26B8D694FE44F444" box="[489,502,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC2553D695FDE1F447" box="[514,595,2028,2049]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">limbatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(18),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC25DAD694FC97F447" box="[651,805,2028,2050]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mahafaliensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC25DAD694FD2AF444" box="[651,664,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC25F2D695FC97F447" box="[675,805,2028,2049]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">mahafaliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(19), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBAFFAC24D4D694FC60F447" authorityName="Lowe & Kovařík" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[901,978,2028,2050]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Teruelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olgae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC24D4D694FC20F444" box="[901,914,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBAFFAC24CFD695FC60F447" box="[926,978,2028,2049]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">olgae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(20). Scale bars: 1 mm (9–20♀) or 500 μm (20 ♂).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFBDFFAB27F0D012FE17FE25" blockId="12.[113,772,235,2051]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
|
||
The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2678D012FE57FDC5" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber" authorityYear="2017" box="[297,485,363,387]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rakotoariveloi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2678D012FE57FDC5" box="[297,485,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G. rakotoariveloi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has meristics (PTC
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB2596D012FD68FDC5" box="[711,730,363,387]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
18– 19, pedipalp granule rows
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB26C8D0F2FE1EFDE5" box="[409,428,395,419]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
13–14) that also overlap or are contiguous with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB26D2D0D2FDD4FD85" box="[387,614,427,451]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB26D2D0D2FE24FD84" box="[387,406,427,450]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB26F4D0D2FDD4FD85" box="[421,614,427,451]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBDFFAB2720D0B2FF2DFDA5" box="[113,159,459,483]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(and only known) locality is in a different bioclimatic region with dry deciduous forest, disjunct from eastern humid forests. It has much lighter coloration and relatively wide pedipalp chelae. We provisionally list this species, until additional data are available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFBDFFAB27F0D312FD2DF9A4" blockId="12.[113,772,235,2051]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB27F0D312FEDBFEC5" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber, Previous" authorityYear="2017" box="[161,361,619,643]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halleuxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB27F0D312FEDBFEC5" box="[161,361,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Grosphus halleuxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by Lourenço, et al. (2017) from a series of males from Torotorofotsy Forest, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBDFFAB2720D3D2FF07FE85" box="[113,181,683,707]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
NW of Moramanga, in a central humid forest area that is locally less humid than other eastern forests. The diagnostic characters for differentiating it from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2554D392FDC2FF44" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[517,624,747,770]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2554D392FDAAFF44" box="[517,536,747,770]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB257BD392FDC2FF44" box="[554,624,747,770]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were: darker coloration, smaller size of
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBDFFAB26F1D273FE41FF64" box="[416,499,778,802]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
|
||
, PTC
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB2511D272FDE1FF65" box="[576,595,779,803]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
16–19, pedipalp granule rows
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB2641D252FE91FF05" box="[272,291,811,835]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
11–12, and weaker scalloping of pedipalp fingers. The meristic counts do not yield a differential diagnosis as they overlap those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB26D1D212FE5BFFC4" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[384,489,875,898]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB26D1D212FE21FFC4" box="[384,403,875,898]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB26F2D212FE5BFFC4" box="[419,489,875,898]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2545D212FD41FFC5" box="[532,755,875,899]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2545D212FD95FFC4" box="[532,551,875,898]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2566D212FD41FFC5" box="[567,755,875,899]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). We analyzed a series of near topotypic specimens (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB25F6D2F3FD78FFE4" box="[679,714,906,930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB2588D2F2FD4BFFE5" box="[729,761,907,931]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
|
||
) from Moramanga and ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBDFFAB26C8D2D2FE50FF85" box="[409,482,939,963]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
E of Moramanga, whose males closely match photos of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB26BAD2B2FDD0FFA5" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber, Previous" authorityYear="2017" box="[491,610,971,995]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halleuxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB26BAD2B2FE4CFFA4" box="[491,510,971,994]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB255FD2B2FDD0FFA5" box="[526,610,971,995]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">halleuxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBDFFAB25F9D2B2FCB6FFA5" box="[680,772,971,995]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFBDFFAB2728D292FF6EF845" box="[121,220,1003,1027]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="3.[113,190,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[160,1441,242,1965]" captionTargetId="figure-40@3.[135,1472,234,1969]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–4. Grosphus madagascariensis. Type species of Grosphus Simon, 1880. Habitus. Male (1–2) and female (3–4), in dorsal (1, 3) and ventral (2, 4) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143612" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143612/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
, cf. Lourenço, et al., 2017: figs. 16–17). We obtained meristics: PTC
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB2642D573FE95F864" box="[275,295,1034,1058]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
15–18,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB2624D573FE36F864" box="[373,388,1034,1058]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
13–15, pedipalp finger granule rows
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB2720D552FF35F805" box="[113,135,1067,1091]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB27D6D552FF24F805" box="[135,150,1067,1091]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
12, which are not distinguishable from meristic ranges of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB25B8D552FE9FF825" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB25B8D552FD4EF804" box="[745,764,1067,1090]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2720D532FE9FF825" box="[113,301,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other characters of darker or lighter shades, and degree of pedipalp finger scalloping can also be variable between populations. For example, in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFBDFFAB2542D5F2FD25F8E5" box="[531,663,1163,1187]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="3.[113,190,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[160,1441,242,1965]" captionTargetId="figure-40@3.[135,1472,234,1969]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–4. Grosphus madagascariensis. Type species of Grosphus Simon, 1880. Habitus. Male (1–2) and female (3–4), in dorsal (1, 3) and ventral (2, 4) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143612" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143612/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Figs. 1 & 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, a female from Moramanga area is darker than a male from the same area, showing that intensity of coloration varies within the same population, weakening this diagnostic character.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2535D592FD64F945" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber, Previous" authorityYear="2017" box="[612,726,1259,1283]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halleuxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2535D592FDC5F944" box="[612,631,1259,1282]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB25D3D592FD64F945" box="[642,726,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">halleuxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was diagnosed as “much darker”, but ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB26B1D472FDFBF964" authorityName="Lourenco, Goodman & Ramilijaona" authorityYear="2004" box="[480,585,1291,1314]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB26B1D472FDFBF964" box="[480,585,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G. simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ appears as dark, if not darker (Lourenço, et al., 2017: figs. 2–5 vs. 16–17). It was argued that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB264AD432FE3DF925" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber, Previous" authorityYear="2017" box="[283,399,1355,1379]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halleuxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB264AD432FE9CF924" box="[283,302,1355,1378]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB266AD432FE3DF925" box="[315,399,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">halleuxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a narrow-ranged species adapted to a less humid local microclimate. The existence of local microendemic taxa should be supported by strong diagnostic characters. Until such characters are defined, we regard this species as a local population of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB26EAD4B2FD2AF9A5" box="[443,664,1483,1507]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB26EAD4B2FE7CF9A4" box="[443,462,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB268DD4B2FD2AF9A5" box="[476,664,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFBDFFAB27F0D492FAAAFE85" blockId="12.[113,772,235,2051]" lastBlockId="12.[816,1475,235,707]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB27F0D492FEC6FA45" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2005" box="[161,372,1515,1539]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB27F0D492FEC6FA45" box="[161,372,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Grosphus mandena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBDFFAB251AD492FCB1FA44" author="LOURENCO, W. R." box="[587,771,1514,1538]" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="83 - 87" part="37" refId="ref38436" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 2005. Scorpions from Mandena East Coastal rain forest in Madagascar, and description of a new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 37: 83 - 87." title="Scorpions from Mandena East Coastal rain forest in Madagascar, and description of a new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2005">Lourenço (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from near Fort Dauphin, in the Mandena region of southeastern coastal rainforest. Differential diagnostic characters were: lighter coloration, weaker metasomal carination, one larger spiniform granule on metasoma II–IV, and a more granulated telson. Meristics were: PTC
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB269AD7F2FE6CFAE5" box="[459,478,1675,1699]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
19–20,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB2568D7F3FDFAFAE4" box="[569,584,1674,1698]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
15–17, pedipalp granule rows
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB2658D7D2FEAFFA85" box="[265,285,1707,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
12–13. As discussed above, these characters fall within ranges of variation for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2543D7B2FD4FFAA5" box="[530,765,1739,1763]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2543D7B2FD97FAA4" box="[530,549,1739,1762]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB256DD7B2FD4FFAA5" box="[572,765,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including local populations given other species names. We loaned and studied the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBDFFAB26FDD672FDBBFB65" box="[428,521,1803,1827]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and a female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBDFFAB25F6D672FCB1FB65" box="[679,771,1803,1827]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
from MHNG and found them to be indistinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2720D632FEEAFB25" box="[113,344,1867,1891]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2720D632FF36FB24" box="[113,132,1867,1890]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB27C6D632FEEAFB25" box="[151,344,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We note that the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBDFFAB25D8D632FD57FB25" box="[649,741,1867,1891]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
is considerably darker than the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBDFFAB26BAD612FDFEFBC5" box="[491,588,1899,1923]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. This shows that intensity of coloration varies even within the type population, and is not a reliable diagnostic character (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFBDFFAB250DD6D2FD4DFB84" box="[604,767,1962,1987]" captionStart="Figures 348–351" captionStartId="82.[113,190,1977,1999]" captionTargetBox="[121,1471,242,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-33@82.[115,1476,236,1951]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="Figures 348–351. Grosphus madagascariensis. Habitus. Male holotype (348–349) and female paratype (350–351) of Grosphus mandena in dorsal (348, 350) and ventral (349, 351) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143756" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143756/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Figs. 348–351</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFBDFFAB2720D6B3FF61FBA4" box="[113,211,1994,2018]" captionStart-0="Figures 580–581" captionStart-1="Figures 582–583" captionStartId-0="114.[113,190,2009,2031]" captionStartId-1="115.[113,190,2009,2031]" captionTargetBox-0="[113,1474,234,1991]" captionTargetBox-1="[113,1474,234,1984]" captionTargetId-0="figure-21@114.[110,1476,234,1994]" captionTargetId-1="figure-20@115.[110,1476,231,1986]" captionTargetPageId-0="114" captionTargetPageId-1="115" captionText-0="Figures 580–581. Grosphus madagascariensis. Male and female, in vivo habitus (580) and female with newborns (581)." captionText-1="Figures 582–583. Grosphus madagascariensis. Female with newborns (582) and with juveniles after first ecdysis (583)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143835" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143837" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7143835/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7143837/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">580–583</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBDFFAB27B7D6B2FDB1FBA5" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME" box="[230,515,1995,2019]" journalOrPublisher="Madagascar Conservation & Development" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 14" part="11" refId="ref40275" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME. 2016. Three new species of Grosphus Simon 1880, (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Madagascar; possible vicariant cases within the Grosphus bistriatus group of species. Madagascar Conservation & Development, 11 (2): 1 - 14." title="Three new species of Grosphus Simon 1880, (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Madagascar; possible vicariant cases within the Grosphus bistriatus group of species" type="journal article" year="2016">Lourenço & Wilmé (2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 36) showed a nonoverlapping discontinuous transition, at latitude ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE265058FFBDFFAB259ED692FCB1F445" box="[719,771,2027,2051]" degrees="22" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" precision="55555" value="-22.0">22°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
between the northern range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB23D5D192FADBFD45" box="[1156,1385,235,259]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB23D5D192FB25FD44" box="[1156,1175,235,258]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB23F9D192FADBFD45" box="[1192,1385,235,259]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the southern range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB24ACD072FB31FD65" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2005" box="[1021,1155,267,291]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB24ACD072FBA2FD64" box="[1021,1040,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2370D072FB31FD65" box="[1057,1155,267,291]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">mandena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The transition latitude does not correspond to any boundary between centers of endemism as defined by the watershed model of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBDFFAB23B1D032FA0DFD25" author="Wilme" box="[1248,1471,331,355]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wilme" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="1063 - 1065" refId="ref44604" refString="WILME, L., S. M. GOODMAN & J. U. GANZHORN. 2006. Biogeographic evolution of Madagascar's microendemic biota. Science, 312: 1063 - 1065." type="journal article" year="2006">Wilmé et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Lourenço et al., (2009b) suggested that the disjunction is recent, due to extirpation of south littoral rainforest by humans. More robust diagnostic characters and analysis of clinal vs. discontinuous variation is necessary to delimit the southern populations as a distinctive species. Until such characters are defined, we regard this species as a southern population of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB241ED352FB81FE05" box="[847,1075,555,579]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB241ED352FCD0FE04" box="[847,866,555,578]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2423D352FB81FE05" box="[882,1075,555,579]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The synonymies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB224BD352FA21FE05" authorityName="Lourenco, Wilme, Soarimalala & Waeber, Previous" authorityYear="2017" box="[1306,1427,555,579]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halleuxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB224BD352FA9FFE04" box="[1306,1325,555,578]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB226CD352FA21FE05" box="[1341,1427,555,579]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">halleuxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2461D332FC07FE25" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2005" box="[816,949,587,611]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2461D332FCF1FE24" box="[816,835,587,610]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2402D332FC07FE25" box="[851,949,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">mandena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB24A5D332FB65FE25" box="[1012,1239,587,611]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB24A5D332FBB5FE24" box="[1012,1031,587,610]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2347D332FB65FE25" box="[1046,1239,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are further supported by their identical hemispermatophores, all of which have a unique, elongated capsule architecture with a proximal basal lobe (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFBDFFAB24C1D3D2FBECFE85" box="[912,1118,683,707]" captionStart="Figures 52–70" captionStartId="24.[113,190,1591,1613]" captionTargetBox="[116,1470,248,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-361@24.[113,1474,248,1527]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figures 52–70. Hemispermatophores and capsule regions of Grosphus and Neogrosphus. Multi-panel figures show: whole hemispermatophore; whole hemispermatophore and capsule with flagellum; capsule region in convex (and/ or convex compressed), anterior and posterior views (panels in left to right sequence). Right hemispermatophores unless indicated as mirrored left images. Figure 52. G. madagascariensis, whole hemispermatophore (scale bar: 2 mm), capsule and flagellum (scale bar: 1 mm). Figure 53. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Sc1197, Andasibe, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 54. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Anjiro, G. halleuxi nr topotype, GLPC. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 55. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Mandena- Fort Dauphin, G. mandena paratype, MHNG.Scale bar: 500 μm.Figure 56. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Madagascar, det. Vachon, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 57. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Andasibe, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 58. G. goudoti, whole hemispermatophore. Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 59. G. goudoti, capsule, Forêt de Bobankota, holotype, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 60. G. hirtus, whole hemispermatophore (scale bar: 2 mm), capsule and flagellum (scale bar: 1 mm), Antsiranana, Ramena vill., mirrored left, GLPC, FKCP. Figure 61. G. hirtus, capsule, Mahajamba River, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figures 62–65. G. hirtus, capsules in convex view.Antsiranana, Ramena vill., mirrored left, GLPC, FKCP (62), Jardin Botanique, MHNG (63), Ranohira-Llakaka, ZMUH, mirrored left (64), Forêt de Vohitaly, MHNG (65). Scale bars: 500 μm. Figure 66. G. hirtus, capsule, Forest Station Ampijoroa, G. garciai holotype, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 67. G. voahangyae, whole hemispermatophore. Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 68. G. voahangyae, capsule, Analamy Forest, FMNH. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 69. N. griveaudi, whole hemispermatophore (flagellum truncated). Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 70. N. griveaudi, capsule, mirrored left, Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, GLPC, FKCP." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143636/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Figs. 52–53, 56–57</figureCitation>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFBDFFAB23DBD3D2FAB9FE85" box="[1162,1291,683,707]" captionStart="Figures 52–70" captionStartId="24.[113,190,1591,1613]" captionTargetBox="[116,1470,248,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-361@24.[113,1474,248,1527]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figures 52–70. Hemispermatophores and capsule regions of Grosphus and Neogrosphus. Multi-panel figures show: whole hemispermatophore; whole hemispermatophore and capsule with flagellum; capsule region in convex (and/ or convex compressed), anterior and posterior views (panels in left to right sequence). Right hemispermatophores unless indicated as mirrored left images. Figure 52. G. madagascariensis, whole hemispermatophore (scale bar: 2 mm), capsule and flagellum (scale bar: 1 mm). Figure 53. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Sc1197, Andasibe, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 54. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Anjiro, G. halleuxi nr topotype, GLPC. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 55. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Mandena- Fort Dauphin, G. mandena paratype, MHNG.Scale bar: 500 μm.Figure 56. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Madagascar, det. Vachon, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 57. G. madagascariensis, capsule, Andasibe, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 58. G. goudoti, whole hemispermatophore. Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 59. G. goudoti, capsule, Forêt de Bobankota, holotype, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 60. G. hirtus, whole hemispermatophore (scale bar: 2 mm), capsule and flagellum (scale bar: 1 mm), Antsiranana, Ramena vill., mirrored left, GLPC, FKCP. Figure 61. G. hirtus, capsule, Mahajamba River, GLPC, FKCP. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figures 62–65. G. hirtus, capsules in convex view.Antsiranana, Ramena vill., mirrored left, GLPC, FKCP (62), Jardin Botanique, MHNG (63), Ranohira-Llakaka, ZMUH, mirrored left (64), Forêt de Vohitaly, MHNG (65). Scale bars: 500 μm. Figure 66. G. hirtus, capsule, Forest Station Ampijoroa, G. garciai holotype, MHNG. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 67. G. voahangyae, whole hemispermatophore. Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 68. G. voahangyae, capsule, Analamy Forest, FMNH. Scale bar: 500 μm. Figure 69. N. griveaudi, whole hemispermatophore (flagellum truncated). Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 70. N. griveaudi, capsule, mirrored left, Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, GLPC, FKCP." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7143636/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Figs. 54–55</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFBDFFAB2461D392FB81FF64" blockId="12.[816,1475,747,2051]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2461D392FB5CFF45" authority="Lourenco, 2001" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[816,1262,747,771]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hirtus" subSpecies="garciai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2461D392FB85FF44" box="[816,1079,747,771]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Grosphus hirtus garciai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBDFFAB2310D392FB5CFF45" author="LOURENCO, W. R." box="[1089,1262,747,771]" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus des Seances de l'Academie des Science, Paris" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="641 - 646" part="332" refId="ref38012" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 2001 a. A remarkable scorpion fossil from the amber of Lebanon. Implications for the phylogeny of Buthoidea. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l'Academie des Science, Paris, 332: 641 - 646." title="A remarkable scorpion fossil from the amber of Lebanon. Implications for the phylogeny of Buthoidea" type="journal article" year="2001">Lourenço, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2243D392FC6DFF65" authority="Kraepelin, 1900" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2243D392FA70FF45" box="[1298,1474,747,771]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Grosphus hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBDFFAB2461D272FC6DFF65" author="KRAEPELIN, K." box="[816,991,779,803]" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften. Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 17" part="16" refId="ref36651" refString="KRAEPELIN, K. 1900. Ueber einige neue Gliederspinnen. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften. Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg, 16, 1 (4): 1 - 17." title="Ueber einige neue Gliederspinnen" type="journal article" year="1900">Kraepelin, 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557F6FFBDFFAB24BBD272FB81FF64" box="[1002,1075,779,803]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB24BBD272FBA3FF65" bold="true" box="[1002,1041,779,803]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">syn</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB234CD272FB9EFF65" bold="true" box="[1053,1068,779,803]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFBDFFAA2431D252FD58FD85" blockId="12.[816,1475,747,2051]" lastBlockId="13.[115,774,235,835]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2431D252FBADFF04" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[864,1055,811,835]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garciai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2431D252FBADFF04" box="[864,1055,811,835]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Grosphus garciai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBDFFAB23AAD252FA70FF05" author="LOURENCO, W. R." box="[1275,1474,811,835]" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="455 - 461" part="108" refId="ref38055" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 2001 b. Another new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) for Madagascar. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 108 (3): 455 - 461." title="Another new species of Grosphus Simon (Scorpiones, Buthidae) for Madagascar" type="journal article" year="2001">Lourenço (2001b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Station Forestière d’Ampijoroa, Ankarafantsika National Park, based on an adult male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBDFFAB2330D212FB0CFFC5" box="[1121,1214,875,899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and a juvenile, collected by García Herrero. In the diagnosis, it was differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2425D2D2FBECFF85" box="[884,1118,939,963]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2425D2D2FC35FF84" box="[884,903,939,962]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB24CCD2D2FBECFF85" box="[925,1118,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a quite different species, by: smaller size, maculated light and dark pigmentation, pedipalp granule rows
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBDFFAB249DD292FC53F845" box="[972,993,1003,1027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
13, weaker spiniform granules on pedipalp and metasoma, and weaker scalloping of pedipalp fingers. Curiously, it was not compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB23E4D552FAA5F805" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[1205,1303,1067,1091]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB23E4D552FB7AF804" box="[1205,1224,1067,1090]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2388D552FAA5F805" box="[1241,1303,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which bears a much greater similarity. Subsequently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBDFFAB2381D532FCC5F8C5" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="247 - 261" part="113" refId="ref39371" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN. 2006. Further considerations regarding the status of Grosphus madagascariensis (Gervais) and Grosphus hirtus Kraepelin, and description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 113 (2): 247 - 261." title="Further considerations regarding the status of Grosphus madagascariensis (Gervais) and Grosphus hirtus Kraepelin, and description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2006">Lourenço & Goodman (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB235CD512FBC0F8C5" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[1037,1138,1131,1155]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB235CD512FB92F8C4" box="[1037,1056,1131,1154]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2365D512FBC0F8C5" box="[1076,1138,1131,1155]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on material also from Station Forestière d’Ampijoroa, Ankarafantsika National Park, also collected by García Herrero.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB23C3D5D2FB5DF885" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[1170,1263,1195,1219]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB23C3D5D2FB17F884" box="[1170,1189,1195,1218]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB23E0D5D2FB5DF885" box="[1201,1263,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2461D5B2FC2CF8A4" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[816,926,1227,1250]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garciai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2461D5B2FCF1F8A4" box="[816,835,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2403D5B2FC2CF8A4" box="[850,926,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">garciai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by yellowish rather than reddish brown color, and larger size (
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBDFFAB24E0D592FB95F944" box="[945,1063,1259,1283]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="40.0">40–50 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBDFFAB2309D592FB18F945" box="[1112,1194,1259,1283]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Subsequently, Lourenço & Wilmé, (2015a) downgraded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB23C8D472FAB8F964" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[1177,1290,1291,1314]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garciai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB23C8D472FB1EF964" box="[1177,1196,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB23EFD472FAB8F964" box="[1214,1290,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">garciai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the status of subspecies,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB24E6D452FBC4F904" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[951,1142,1323,1347]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hirtus" subSpecies="garciai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB24E6D452FC78F904" box="[951,970,1323,1346]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB248FD452FBC4F904" box="[990,1142,1323,1347]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">hirtus garciai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, supposedly a microendemic taxon in a “local isolated population”. It is morphologically identical to, and differentiated from the nominotypical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB22F9D412FCDCF9E5" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB22F9D412FA09F9C4" box="[1448,1467,1387,1410]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2461D4F2FCDCF9E5" box="[816,878,1419,1443]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only by smaller size. The subspecies is known only from the type locality and the nominotypical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB227AD4D2FA3FF985" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[1323,1421,1451,1475]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB227AD4D2FA8CF984" box="[1323,1342,1451,1474]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB221ED4D2FA3FF985" box="[1359,1421,1451,1475]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also occurs in the same area (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBDFFAB2312D4B2FA37F9A5" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[1091,1413,1483,1507]" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="247 - 261" part="113" refId="ref39371" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN. 2006. Further considerations regarding the status of Grosphus madagascariensis (Gervais) and Grosphus hirtus Kraepelin, and description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 113 (2): 247 - 261." title="Further considerations regarding the status of Grosphus madagascariensis (Gervais) and Grosphus hirtus Kraepelin, and description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2006">Lourenço & Goodman, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB24D6D492FC5BFA45" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[903,1001,1515,1539]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB24D6D492FC28FA44" box="[903,922,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB24FAD492FC5BFA45" box="[939,1001,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distributed more widely over northwest
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F305760FFFBDFFAB2461D772FC03FA65" box="[816,945,1547,1571]" name="Madagascar" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBDFFAB2493D772FB50FA65" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME" box="[962,1250,1547,1571]" journalOrPublisher="Madagascar Conservation & Development" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 14" part="11" refId="ref40275" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME. 2016. Three new species of Grosphus Simon 1880, (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Madagascar; possible vicariant cases within the Grosphus bistriatus group of species. Madagascar Conservation & Development, 11 (2): 1 - 14." title="Three new species of Grosphus Simon 1880, (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Madagascar; possible vicariant cases within the Grosphus bistriatus group of species" type="journal article" year="2016">Lourenço & Wilmé, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 36). We loaned and studied the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBDFFAB24BED752FBFEFA05" box="[1007,1100,1579,1603]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB23D1D752FB46FA04" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[1152,1268,1579,1602]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garciai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB23D1D752FB21FA04" box="[1152,1171,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB23F9D752FB46FA04" box="[1192,1268,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">garciai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as male and female topotypes from FMNH. We confirmed that it is morphologically indistinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB2254D712FAC3FAC5" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[1285,1393,1643,1667]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2254D712FAAAFAC4" box="[1285,1304,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2262D712FAC3FAC5" box="[1331,1393,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFBDFFAB22DDD712FC20FAE5" captionStart-0="Figures 263–266" captionStart-1="Figures 267–274" captionStart-2="Figures 275–290" captionStart-3="Figures 291–292" captionStart-4="Figures 293–305" captionStartId-0="72.[114,191,1990,2012]" captionStartId-1="73.[113,190,1971,1993]" captionStartId-2="74.[113,190,1891,1913]" captionStartId-3="75.[113,190,2001,2023]" captionStartId-4="76.[113,190,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox-0="[164,1417,237,1969]" captionTargetBox-1="[114,1473,247,1921]" captionTargetBox-2="[113,1474,250,1853]" captionTargetBox-3="[123,1470,249,1812]" captionTargetBox-4="[113,1466,240,1854]" captionTargetId-0="figure-29@72.[129,1462,234,1977]" captionTargetId-1="figure-41@73.[113,1474,236,1940]" captionTargetId-2="figure-102@74.[113,1474,236,1853]" captionTargetId-3="figure-25@75.[113,1474,234,1847]" captionTargetId-4="figure-101@76.[113,1474,234,1856]" captionTargetPageId-0="72" captionTargetPageId-1="73" captionTargetPageId-2="74" captionTargetPageId-3="75" captionTargetPageId-4="76" captionText-0="Figures 263–266. Grosphus hirtus, habitus. Male (263–264) and female (265–266), in dorsal (263, 265) and ventral (264, 2662) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." captionText-1="Figures 267–274. Grosphus hirtus, telson lateral view in male (267) and female (268); metasoma and telson in male and female, lateral (269, 272), ventral (270, 273) and dorsal (271, 274) views. Scale bar: 10 mm (269–274)." captionText-2="Figures 275–290. Grosphus hirtus. Figures 275–277, 289–290. Female, pedipalp chela, dorsal (275) and external (276) views, pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (277) view; sternopectinal region and sternite III (289) and carapace and tergites I–III (290). Figures 278–288. Male, pedipalp chela, dorsal (278), external (279) and ventrointernal (280) views; pedipalp patella, dorsal (281), external (282) and ventral (283) views; pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (284) and dorsoexternal (285) views; pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (286); sternopectinal region and sternite III (287) and carapace and tergites I–III (288)." captionText-3="Figures 291–292. Grosphus hirtus, male holotype of G. garciai, dorsal (291) and ventral (292) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." captionText-4="Figures 293–305. Grosphus hirtus. Figure 293. Juvenile paratype of G. garciai, pedipalp chela dorsal. Figures 294–305. Grosphus hirtus, male holotype of G. garciai. Figures 294–302. Left pedipalp (mirrored), pedipalp chela, dorsal (294), external (295) and ventrointernal (296) views; pedipalp patella, dorsal (297), external (298) and ventral (299) views; pedipalp femur and trochanter, internodorsal (300) and dorsal (301) views; pedipalp chela, movable finger dentate margin (302). Figures 303–305. Carapace and tergites I–III (303), sternopectinal region and sternites III–VI (304) and telson lateral view (305)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143728" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143730" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143732" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143734" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143738" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7143728/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7143730/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7143732/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7143734/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7143738/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Figs. 263–305</figureCitation>
|
||
). We question whether an animal population of somewhat smaller average body size compared to closely neighboring conspecifics, but otherwise identical to them, merits subspecies status. Local size variations of species may be caused by varying environmental conditions that limit growth rates and development. The size differential is exaggerated by the reported body lengths, a measurement that can vary with mesosomal expansion:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB225ED612FAC1FBC5" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[1295,1395,1899,1923]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB225ED612FA90FBC4" box="[1295,1314,1899,1922]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2264D612FAC1FBC5" box="[1333,1395,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBDFFAB222ED612FCEBFBE4" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="40.0">40–50 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBDFFAB2438D6F2FB1AFBE5" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[873,1192,1931,1955]" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="247 - 261" part="113" refId="ref39371" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & S. M. GOODMAN. 2006. Further considerations regarding the status of Grosphus madagascariensis (Gervais) and Grosphus hirtus Kraepelin, and description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 113 (2): 247 - 261." title="Further considerations regarding the status of Grosphus madagascariensis (Gervais) and Grosphus hirtus Kraepelin, and description of a new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2006">Lourenço & Goodman, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB23EDD6F2FB7DFBE4" box="[1212,1231,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB238FD6F2FB59FBE5" box="[1246,1259,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">h</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB23ABD6F2FAF4FBE4" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[1274,1350,1931,1954]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garciai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB23ABD6F2FAF4FBE4" box="[1274,1350,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">garciai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBDFFAB221FD6F2FA70FBE4" box="[1358,1474,1931,1955]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="28.0">28–32 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBDFFAB2466D6D2FBD5FB85" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME" box="[823,1127,1963,1987]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="207 - 223" part="17" refId="ref40161" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME. 2015 a. Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880, associated to the group madagascariensis / hirtus (Scorpiones: Buthidae); description of a peculiar new species from the humid eastern forests of Madagascar. Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 17 (194): 207 - 223." title="Species of Grosphus Simon, 1880, associated to the group madagascariensis / hirtus (Scorpiones: Buthidae); description of a peculiar new species from the humid eastern forests of Madagascar" type="journal article" year="2015">Lourenço & Wilmé, 2015a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These numbers imply that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBDFFAB22F9D6D2FCDCFBA5" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB22F9D6D2FA09FB84" box="[1448,1467,1963,1986]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBDFFAB2461D6B2FCDCFBA5" box="[816,878,1995,2019]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is at least 25% longer. A more reliable size comparison for morphometrically similar scorpions would use carapace length. For example, we measured carapaces of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBCFFAA25C8D195FD4FFD45" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[665,765,235,259]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA25C8D195FD1EFD45" box="[665,684,236,259]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA25EED192FD4FFD45" box="[703,765,235,259]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBCFFAA2722D072FF34FD65" box="[115,134,267,291]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBCFFAA27D7D072FF6FFD65" box="[134,221,267,291]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBCFFAA27B8D072FF45FD65" box="[233,247,267,291]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
5.0 mm, vs.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA26D7D075FE2BFD65" box="[390,409,268,291]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA26F8D072FE04FD65" box="[425,438,267,291]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">h</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBCFFAA2694D075FDA3FD65" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[453,529,268,291]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garciai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA2694D075FDA3FD65" box="[453,529,268,291]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">garciai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBCFFAA2570D072FD81FD65" box="[545,563,267,291]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBCFFAA2562D072FD39FD65" box="[563,651,267,291]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBCFFAA25C6D072FD17FD65" box="[663,677,267,291]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBCFFAA25F4D072FCB3FD65" box="[677,769,267,291]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, i.e., only 6–12% longer.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBCFFAA26D0D055FD33FD05" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & J. - X. QI & S. M. GOODMAN" box="[385,641,299,323]" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="171 - 177" part="40" refId="ref39785" refString="LOURENCO, W. R., J. - X. QI & S. M. GOODMAN. 2007 a. Scorpions of south-western Madagascar. A new species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 40: 171 - 177." title="Scorpions of south-western Madagascar. A new species of Grosphus Simon, 1880 (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2007">Lourenço et al. (2007a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBCFFAA2722D035FF67FD25" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[115,213,331,355]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA2722D035FF34FD25" box="[115,134,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA27C6D032FF67FD25" box="[151,213,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with body lengths of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBCFFAA2681D032FE50FD25" box="[464,482,331,355]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBCFFAA26B2D032FDFBFD25" box="[483,585,331,355]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4299999999999997" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="34.3">34.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBCFFAA2506D032FDD7FD25" box="[599,613,331,355]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBCFFAA2534D032FD62FD25" box="[613,720,331,355]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.18" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="31.8">31.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and carapace lengths
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBCFFAA2678D012FE8EFDC5" box="[297,316,363,387]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBCFFAA266DD012FE22FDC5" box="[316,400,363,387]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD16FFBCFFAA26CBD012FE1AFDC5" box="[410,424,363,387]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFBCFFAA26F8D012FDB0FDC5" box="[425,514,363,387]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
. These are small enough to overlap measurements for
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA26E4D0F5FE7AFDE5" box="[437,456,396,419]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA2688D0F2FE54FDE5" box="[473,486,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">h</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBCFFAA26A7D0F5FDF0FDE5" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[502,578,396,419]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garciai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA26A7D0F5FDF0FDE5" box="[502,578,396,419]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">garciai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Considering this overlap, we regard
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA2610D0D5FEE6FD85" box="[321,340,428,451]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA2633D0D2FEDDFD85" box="[354,367,427,451]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">h</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBCFFAA262DD0D5FE7AFD85" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[380,456,428,451]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garciai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA262DD0D5FE7AFD85" box="[380,456,428,451]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">garciai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBCFFAA25D5D0D5FD50FD85" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[644,738,427,451]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA25D5D0D5FD25FD85" box="[644,663,428,451]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA25F5D0D2FD50FD85" box="[676,738,427,451]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFBCFFAA27F2D0B2FD18FF05" blockId="13.[115,774,235,835]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBCFFAA27F2D0B2FEE9FDA5" authorityName="Lourenco, Qi & Goodman" authorityYear="2007" box="[163,347,459,483]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA27F2D0B2FEE9FDA5" box="[163,347,459,483]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Grosphus polskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is another species that is quite similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBCFFAA2722D095FF63FE45" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1900" box="[115,209,491,515]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA2722D095FF34FE45" box="[115,134,492,515]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA27C2D092FF63FE45" box="[147,209,491,515]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It was diagnosed by having paler color, with weaker, more diffuse maculate patterns restricted to carapace and tergites, slightly more elongate metasoma segment I, weak spination on dorsal metasomal carinae, and a slightly larger subaculear tubercle. The only known record is the single male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFBCFFAA2722D3F2FF62FEE5" box="[115,208,651,675]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
from Mikea Forest near
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D6F87DFFBCFFAA2689D3F2FD94FEE5" box="[472,550,651,675]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Toliara</collectingRegion>
|
||
, on the southwestern coast. Although this is quite far south of the southern-most record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFBCFFAA278AD3B5FDDAFEA5" authority="(Lourenco & Wilme, 2016)" baseAuthorityName="Lourenco & Wilme" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[219,616,715,739]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Grosphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA278AD3B5FF5CFEA5" box="[219,238,716,739]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFBCFFAA27ADD3B2FE88FEA5" box="[252,314,715,739]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">hirtus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B6EFFBCFFAA2619D3B2FDD2FEA5" author="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME" box="[328,608,715,739]" journalOrPublisher="Madagascar Conservation & Development" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 14" part="11" refId="ref40275" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & L. WILME. 2016. Three new species of Grosphus Simon 1880, (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Madagascar; possible vicariant cases within the Grosphus bistriatus group of species. Madagascar Conservation & Development, 11 (2): 1 - 14." title="Three new species of Grosphus Simon 1880, (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Madagascar; possible vicariant cases within the Grosphus bistriatus group of species" type="journal article" year="2016">Lourenço & Wilmé, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, records of the latter are sparse, so it is unclear if it represents a disjunction. We provisionally list this species, until it can be critically evaluated by more material and analysis of variation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |