337 lines
42 KiB
XML
337 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="539B78C21734F17BF2AE8283C69F0981">Synopsis of the Snakes of the Philippines A Synthesis of Data from Biodiversity Repositories, Field Studies, and the Literature</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="DFB4AB2A81A6AED2CC148E58B20BF1B6">Herpetology Division, Institute of Biodiversity Science & Sustainibility, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, California 94118 & Research Associate, Division of Amphibians & Reptiles, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="080DE2EF00ECF1D7078D94B1E4EE7210">Siler, Cameron D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A954768F519A54F4A7C1AD93A4A1D27">Department of Biology and Sam Noble Museum, University of Oklahoma, 2401 Chautauqua Ave., Norman, OK 73072 - 7029, USA & Zoology Division, National Museum of the Philippines, Rizal Park, Burgos Ave., Ermita 1000, Manila, Philippines.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E3FF6C722D59FBCBB572AD4F91124164" type="email">camsiler@ou.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="EE9739FECE0A24D70971BE769569B8C1">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F6B5D0F94456FB016A00E28329E81DF2">Brown, Rafe M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="18A5CE94B0C92AA00AFCD77EAC00764F">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 & Zoology Division, National Museum of the Philippines, Rizal Park, Burgos Ave., Ermita 1000, Manila, Philippines.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03B38B5C8469FFDBFFDCFAFBFCFDFC08" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12724506" ID-GBIF-Taxon="235037867" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12724506" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B38B5C8469FFDBFFDCFAFBFCFDFC08" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B38B5C8469FFDBFFDCFAFBFCFDFC08" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="428" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">
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<subSubSection id="C30069C18469FFDAFFDCFAFBFDB5FAD5" box="[123,630,1367,1391]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D0ED8D268469FFDAFFDCFAFBFDB5FAD5" box="[123,630,1367,1391]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98469FFDAFFDCFAFBFDB5FAD5" ID-CoL="4P9CZ" authority="(Gunther, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[123,630,1367,1391]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pseudorabdion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxycephalum">
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588469FFDAFFDCFAFBFDB5FAD5" bold="true" box="[123,630,1367,1391]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588469FFDAFFDCFAFBFE78FAD5" bold="true" box="[123,443,1367,1391]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">Pseudorabdion oxycephalum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFE6EFAFBFDACFAD5" author="GUNTHER, ALBERT" box="[457,623,1367,1391]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" refId="ref64770" refString="GUNTHER, ALBERT C. L. G. 1858. Catalogue of Colubrine Snakes in the Collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum, London, UK. xvi + 281 pp." type="book" year="1858">Günther, 1858</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8469FFDAFFDCFADBFCA0FA35" blockId="28.[123,867,1367,1424]" box="[123,867,1399,1424]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">Gunther’s Dwarf Reed Snake; Negros Light-scaled Burrowing Snake</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98469FFDAFF7CFA0FFD5FFA02" ID-CoL="4RW9G" authority="Gunther, 1858: 242" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="242" authorityYear="1858" box="[219,668,1442,1465]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Rhabdosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxycephalum">
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588469FFDAFF7CFA0FFE1DFA02" box="[219,478,1443,1464]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">Rhabdosoma oxycephalum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFE43FA0FFD5FFA02" author="GUNTHER, ALBERT" box="[484,668,1442,1465]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" refId="ref64770" refString="GUNTHER, ALBERT C. L. G. 1858. Catalogue of Colubrine Snakes in the Collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum, London, UK. xvi + 281 pp." type="book" year="1858">Günther, 1858:242</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8469FFDAFF7CFA6CFEAFFA48" blockId="28.[219,1174,1442,1726]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFF7CFA6CFD6DFA6C" author="GUNTHER, ALBERT" box="[219,686,1472,1494]" page="168" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1873">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98469FFDAFF7CFA6CFD6DFA6C" authority=", Gunther, 1873: 168" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="168" authorityYear="1873" box="[219,686,1472,1494]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oxycalamus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxycephalus">
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588469FFDAFF7CFA6CFE1BFA6F" box="[219,472,1472,1493]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">Oxycalamus oxycephalus</emphasis>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFE49FA6CFD6DFA6C" author="GUNTHER, ALBERT" box="[494,686,1472,1494]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" pagination="165 - 172" refId="ref64946" refString="GUNTHER, ALBERT C. L. G. 1873. Notes on some reptiles and batrachians obtained by Dr. Adolf Bernhard Meyer in Celebes and the Philippine Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1873: 165 - 172, 2 pls." type="book chapter" year="1873">Günther, 1873:168</bibRefCitation>
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, figs.—
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFCADFA6CFC0FFA6F" author="BOETTGER, OSKAR" box="[778,972,1471,1493]" page="105" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1886">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFCADFA6CFC0FFA6F" author="BOETTGER, OSKAR" box="[778,972,1471,1493]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" pagination="91 - 134" refId="ref58328" refString="BOETTGER, OSKAR. 1886. Aufzahlung der von den Philippinen bekannten Reptilien und Batrachier. Berichte uber die Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main 1886: 91 - 134. [NB: Taylor (1922: 20) comments " Many of the species of snakes are incorrectly included in the list, and many are represented under more than one name. His work is merely a compilation from the works of other authors. "; (snakes, pp. 104 - 120).]" type="journal article" year="1886">Boettger, 1886:105</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.—
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFC57FA6CFEAAFA48" author="CASTO DE ELERA, R. P." page="425" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1895">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFC57FA6CFEAAFA48" author="CASTO DE ELERA, R. P." pageId="28" pageNumber="427" pagination="423 - 445" refId="ref60864" refString="CASTO DE ELERA, R. P. FR. 1895. Catalogo sistematico de toda la Fauna de Filipinas conocida hasta al presente, y a la vez et de la Coleccion zoologica del Museo de PP. Dominicos del Colegio-Universidad de Santo Tomas de Manila escrito con motivo de la Exposicion Regional Filipina. Colegio de Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines. viii + 701 pp. [NB: Snakes {Ofidios}, pp. 423 - 445.]" type="book chapter" year="1895">Casto de Elera, 1895:425</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8469FFDAFF7CFA56FC94F91B" blockId="28.[219,1174,1442,1726]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFF7CFA56FD2EF9B5" author="BOULENGER, GEORGE" box="[219,749,1530,1552]" page="329" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1894">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98469FFDAFF7CFA56FD2EF9B5" authority=", Boulenger, 1894: 329" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityPageNumber="329" authorityYear="1894" box="[219,749,1530,1552]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pseudorhabdium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxycephalum">
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588469FFDAFF7CFA56FDC9F9B5" box="[219,522,1530,1551]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">Pseudorhabdium oxycephalum</emphasis>
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,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFDBAFA56FD2EF9B5" author="BOULENGER, GEORGE" box="[541,749,1530,1552]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" refId="ref59267" refString="BOULENGER, GEORGE A. 1894. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume II, containing the conclusion of the Colubridae aglyphae. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), by Taylor and Francis), London, England, UK. xi + 382 pp." type="book" year="1894">Boulenger, 1894:329</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFCB6FA56FC03F9AA" author="GRIFFIN, LAWRENCE" box="[785,960,1530,1552]" page="262" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1911">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFCB6FA56FC03F9AA" author="GRIFFIN, LAWRENCE" box="[785,960,1530,1552]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" pagination="253 - 268" refId="ref64630" refString="GRIFFIN, LAWRENCE E. 1911. A check-list and key of Philippine snakes. Philippine Journal of Science 6 (5): 253 - 268." type="journal article" year="1911">Griffin, 1911:262</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFC43FA56FB51F9AA" author="TAYLOR, EDWARD" box="[996,1170,1530,1552]" page="364" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1917">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFC43FA56FB51F9AA" author="TAYLOR, EDWARD" box="[996,1170,1530,1552]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" pagination="353 - 382" refId="ref75706" refString="TAYLOR, EDWARD H. 1917. Snakes and lizards known from Negros, with descriptions of new species and new subspecies. Philippine Journal of Science 12 (6): 353 - 382." type="journal article" year="1917">Taylor, 1917:364</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFEACF9BBFEB1F996" author="TAYLOR, EDWARD" box="[267,370,1559,1580]" page="179" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1922">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFEACF9BBFEB1F996" author="TAYLOR, EDWARD" box="[267,370,1559,1580]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" refId="ref75830" refString="TAYLOR, EDWARD H. 1922 a. The Snakes of the Philippine Islands. Bureau of Science, Manila, Philippines. 312 pp., 32 text-figs., 63 tables, 37 pls." type="book" year="1922">1922a:179</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132126CF8469FFDAFEDBF9BBFE7FF996" box="[380,444,1559,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="152.[155,167,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[120,644,1231,1590]" captionTargetId="figure-57@152.[120,645,1234,1591]" captionTargetPageId="152" captionText="FIGURE 14. Ahaetulla prasina preocularis (Zambales Prov., Luzon Id.) (TNHC 62721). Photo © RMB." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12692271" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12692271/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">fig. 14</figureCitation>
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(description after Boulenger, figs. after Günther [not Boulenger as stated]).
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFF7CF998FD9FF9F3" author="GUNTHER, ALBERT" box="[219,604,1588,1610]" page="77" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1879">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98469FFDAFF7CF998FD9FF9F3" ID-CoL="59WRY" authority="Gunther, 1879: 77" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1879" box="[219,604,1588,1610]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Typhlogeophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588469FFDAFF7CF998FE6AF9F3" box="[219,425,1588,1609]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">Typhlogeophis brevis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFE16F998FD9FF9F3" author="GUNTHER, ALBERT" box="[433,604,1588,1610]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" pagination="74 - 79" refId="ref64993" refString="GUNTHER, ALBERT C. L. G. 1879. List of the mammals, reptiles, and batrachians sent by Mr. Everett from the Philippine Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1879 (5): 74 - 79." type="journal article" year="1879">Günther, 1879:77</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A184E88469FFDAFDCCF998FD55F9F3" box="[619,662,1588,1609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality: Mindanao or
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88469FFDAFCDAF998FC0AF9F0" box="[893,969,1588,1610]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">Dinagat</collectingRegion>
|
||
Island;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A184E88469FFDAFBBCF998FB87F9F3" box="[1051,1092,1588,1609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">type</typeStatus>
|
||
BMNH [not confirmed]).—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFE41F9FDFD75F9DD" author="BOETTGER, OSKAR" box="[486,694,1617,1639]" page="106" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1886">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFE41F9FDFD75F9DD" author="BOETTGER, OSKAR" box="[486,694,1617,1639]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" pagination="91 - 134" refId="ref58328" refString="BOETTGER, OSKAR. 1886. Aufzahlung der von den Philippinen bekannten Reptilien und Batrachier. Berichte uber die Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main 1886: 91 - 134. [NB: Taylor (1922: 20) comments " Many of the species of snakes are incorrectly included in the list, and many are represented under more than one name. His work is merely a compilation from the works of other authors. "; (snakes, pp. 104 - 120).]" type="journal article" year="1886">Boettger, 1886:106</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFD7BF9FDFC02F9DC" author="BOULENGER, GEORGE" box="[732,961,1616,1639]" page="351" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1894">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFD7BF9FDFC02F9DC" author="BOULENGER, GEORGE" box="[732,961,1616,1639]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" refId="ref59267" refString="BOULENGER, GEORGE A. 1894. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume II, containing the conclusion of the Colubridae aglyphae. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), by Taylor and Francis), London, England, UK. xi + 382 pp." type="book" year="1894">Boulenger, 1894:351</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 20.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFBEDF9FDFEA6F93E" author="GRIFFIN, LAWRENCE" page="262" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1911">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFBEDF9FDFEA6F93E" author="GRIFFIN, LAWRENCE" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" pagination="253 - 268" refId="ref64630" refString="GRIFFIN, LAWRENCE E. 1911. A check-list and key of Philippine snakes. Philippine Journal of Science 6 (5): 253 - 268." type="journal article" year="1911">Griffin, 1911:262</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFE2FF9C2FDFCF939" author="TAYLOR, EDWARD" box="[392,575,1646,1668]" page="183" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1922">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFE2FF9C2FDFCF939" author="TAYLOR, EDWARD" box="[392,575,1646,1668]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" refId="ref75830" refString="TAYLOR, EDWARD H. 1922 a. The Snakes of the Philippine Islands. Bureau of Science, Manila, Philippines. 312 pp., 32 text-figs., 63 tables, 37 pls." type="book" year="1922">Taylor, 1922a:183</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, text-fig. 16, pl. 24,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132126CF8469FFDAFC87F9C2FCB9F939" box="[800,890,1646,1668]" captionStart-0="FIGURE" captionStart-1="FIGURE" captionStart-2="FIGURE" captionStart-3="FIGURE" captionStartId-0="150.[687,699,1376,1395]" captionStartId-1="150.[687,699,1427,1446]" captionStartId-2="150.[687,699,1478,1497]" captionStartId-3="150.[687,699,1530,1549]" captionTargetBox-0="[649,1176,1011,1369]" captionTargetBox-1="[119,1177,293,1728]" captionTargetBox-2="[119,1177,293,1728]" captionTargetId-0="figure-130@150.[652,1176,1011,1366]" captionTargetPageId-0="150" captionTargetPageId-1="150" captionTargetPageId-2="150" captionTargetPageId-3="150" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Acutotyphlops banaorum (Kalinga Prov., Luzon Id.) (FMNH 262249 [paratype]). Photo © RMB." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Indotyphlops braminus (Ilocos Norte Prov., Luzon Id.) (KU 329680). Photo © RMB." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Malayotyphlops ruficaudus (Camarines Sur Prov., Luzon Id.) (TNHC 62474). Photo © RMB." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Malayotyphlops cf. ruficaudus (Cagayan Prov., Calayan Id.) (KU 323931). Photo © RMB." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512593" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512593" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512593" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11512593/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11512593/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11512593/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
|
||
(description and figs. after Boulenger); 1922b:202
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
(comparison with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98469FFDAFD06F927FD23F91A" ID-CoL="4P9CP" authorityName=", Leviton and Brown (WC" authorityYear="1959" box="[673,736,1675,1696]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pseudorabdion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ater">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588469FFDAFD06F927FD23F91A" box="[673,736,1675,1696]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">T. ater</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 1928:236.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8469FFDAFF7CF904FD3DF904" blockId="28.[219,1174,1442,1726]" box="[219,766,1704,1726]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0A1D648469FFDAFF7CF904FD3DF904" box="[219,766,1704,1726]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8469FFDAFF7CF904FD6FF904" author="CASTO DE ELERA, R. P." box="[219,684,1704,1726]" page="425" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" year="1895">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98469FFDAFF7CF904FD6FF904" authority=", Casto de Elera, 1895: 425" authorityName="Casto de Elera" authorityPageNumber="425" authorityYear="1895" box="[219,684,1704,1726]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Typhlogeophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588469FFDAFF7CF904FE6FF907" box="[219,428,1704,1725]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="427">Typhlogeophus brevis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8469FFDAFE1FF904FD6FF904" author="CASTO DE ELERA, R. P." box="[440,684,1704,1726]" pageId="28" pageNumber="427" pagination="423 - 445" refId="ref60864" refString="CASTO DE ELERA, R. P. FR. 1895. Catalogo sistematico de toda la Fauna de Filipinas conocida hasta al presente, y a la vez et de la Coleccion zoologica del Museo de PP. Dominicos del Colegio-Universidad de Santo Tomas de Manila escrito con motivo de la Exposicion Regional Filipina. Colegio de Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines. viii + 701 pp. [NB: Snakes {Ofidios}, pp. 423 - 445.]" type="book chapter" year="1895">Casto de Elera, 1895:425</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8468FFDBFF7CFF77FDC8FEDE" blockId="29.[219,1174,219,357]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0A1D648468FFDBFF7CFF77FDC8FEDE" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98468FFDBFF7CFF77FCA6FF4B" ID-CoL="4P9CZ" authority=", Leviton and Brown (WC), 1959: 487" authorityName=", Leviton and Brown (WC" authorityYear="1959" box="[219,869,219,241]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pseudorabdion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxycephalum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFF7CFF77FE37FF4A" box="[219,500,219,240]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Pseudorabdion oxycephalum</emphasis>
|
||
, Leviton and Brown (WC), 1959:487
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132126CF8468FFDBFCD6FF77FC05FF4A" box="[881,966,219,241]" captionStart-0="FIGURE" captionStart-1="FIGURE" captionStartId-0="150.[687,699,1478,1497]" captionStartId-1="150.[687,699,1530,1549]" captionTargetBox-0="[119,1177,293,1728]" captionTargetPageId-0="150" captionTargetPageId-1="150" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Malayotyphlops ruficaudus (Camarines Sur Prov., Luzon Id.) (TNHC 62474). Photo © RMB." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Malayotyphlops cf. ruficaudus (Cagayan Prov., Calayan Id.) (KU 323931). Photo © RMB." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512593" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11512593/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
|
||
.— Brown, McGuire, Ferner, Icarangal Jr., and Kennedy, 2000:190,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132126CF8468FFDBFD68FF54FCD3FEB7" box="[719,784,248,270]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="155.[687,699,1566,1585]" captionTargetBox="[652,1176,964,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-31@155.[652,1177,966,1322]" captionTargetPageId="155" captionText="FIGURE 32. Boiga dendrophila latifasciata (hunting) (West Mindanao Id.). Photo © RMB." pageId="29" pageNumber="428">fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8468FFDBFC94FF54FE9DFE90" author="FERNER, JOHN & M. BROWN & ROGELIO & V. SISON & AND ROBERT & S. KENNEDY" page="53" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8468FFDBFC94FF54FE9DFE90" author="FERNER, JOHN & M. BROWN & ROGELIO & V. SISON & AND ROBERT & S. KENNEDY" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" pagination="34 - 70" refId="ref62858" refString="FERNER, JOHN W., RAFE M. BROWN, ROGELIO V. SISON, AND ROBERT S. KENNEDY. 2001. The amphibians and reptiles of Panay Island, Philippines. Asiatic Herpetological Research 9: 34 - 70." type="journal article" year="2001">Ferner, Brown, Sison, and Kennedy, 2001:53</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[20].—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8468FFDBFE0BFEB9FD5EFE90" author="GAULKE, MAREN" box="[428,669,277,299]" page="309" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8468FFDBFE0BFEB9FD5EFE90" author="GAULKE, MAREN" box="[428,669,277,299]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" refId="ref63696" refString="GAULKE, MAREN. 2011. The Herpetofauna of Panay Island, Philippines. Chimaira Buchhandelsgesellschaft, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 390 pp., 258 figs." type="book" year="2011">Gaulke, 2011:309–310</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 210.— Wallach, Williams, and Boundy, 2014:596.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8468FFDBFE2EFE9EFE78FEDF" author="SUPSUP, CHRISTIAN & M. PUNA & AUGUSTO & A. ASIS & BERNARD & R. REDOBLADO & MARIA FATIMA & G. PANAGUINIT & FAITH & M. GUINTO & EDMUND & B. RICO & ARVIN & C. DIESMOS & RAFE & M. BROWN & AND NEIL ALDRIN & D. MALLARI" page="169" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" year="2016">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8468FFDBFE2EFE9EFE78FEDF" author="SUPSUP, CHRISTIAN & M. PUNA & AUGUSTO & A. ASIS & BERNARD & R. REDOBLADO & MARIA FATIMA & G. PANAGUINIT & FAITH & M. GUINTO & EDMUND & B. RICO & ARVIN & C. DIESMOS & RAFE & M. BROWN & AND NEIL ALDRIN & D. MALLARI" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" pagination="151 - 179" refId="ref75088" refString="SUPSUP, CHRISTIAN E., NEVONG M. PUNA, AUGUSTO A. ASIS, BERNARD R. REDOBLADO, MARIA FATIMA G. PANAGUINIT, FAITH M. GUINTO, EDMUND B. RICO, ARVIN C. DIESMOS, RAFE M. BROWN, AND NEIL ALDRIN D. MALLARI. 2016. Amphibians and reptiles of Cebu, Philippines: The poorly understood herpetofauna of an island with very little remaining natural habitat. Asian Herpetological Research 7 (3): 151 - 179, 36 figs., 2 tables." type="book chapter" year="2016">Supsup, Puna, Asis, Redoblado, Panaguinit, Guinto, Rico, Diesmos, Brown, and Mallari, 2016:169</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132126CF8468FFDBFE62FEE3FDC8FEDE" box="[453,523,335,357]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="155.[687,699,1566,1585]" captionTargetBox="[652,1176,964,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-31@155.[652,1177,966,1322]" captionTargetPageId="155" captionText="FIGURE 32. Boiga dendrophila latifasciata (hunting) (West Mindanao Id.). Photo © RMB." pageId="29" pageNumber="428">fig. 32.</figureCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18468FFDBFFDCFED4FBDCFE2A" box="[123,1055,375,400]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8468FFDBFFDCFED4FBDCFE2A" blockId="29.[123,1174,375,946]" box="[123,1055,375,400]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFFDCFED4FDE1FE35" bold="true" box="[123,546,375,400]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFFDCFED4FF77FE34" baselines="394,393" box="[123,180,376,400]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFF1BFED7FEE4FE34" baselines="393" box="[188,295,379,398]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFE8BFED7FE94FE34" baselines="393" box="[300,343,379,398]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="and" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">AND</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFEF9FED7FE50FE34" baselines="393" box="[350,403,379,398]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="type" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFE3CFED7FDC6FE34" baselines="393" box="[411,517,379,398]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="specimen" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">SPECIMEN</smallCapsWord>
|
||
(
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFDAAFED7FDDBFE34" baselines="393" box="[525,536,379,398]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="s" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">S</smallCapsWord>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.—
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7230178468FFDBFDEEFED4FBDCFE2A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905143471" box="[585,1055,376,400]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Philippines" location="Philippines" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" specimenCode="BMNH 1946.1.1.99" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7ADA8468FFDBFDEEFED4FD06FE2A" box="[585,709,376,400]" name="Philippines" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A184E88468FFDBFD68FED4FCF5FE2A" box="[719,822,376,400]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBBC92318468FFDBFCE6FED4FBD8FE2A" box="[833,1051,376,400]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">BMNH 1946.1.1.99</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18468FFDBFFDCFE34FE9DFDAA" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8468FFDBFFDCFE34FE9DFDAA" blockId="29.[123,1174,375,946]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFFDCFE34FDE2FE15" bold="true" box="[123,545,407,432]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFFDCFE34FF36FE14" baselines="426,425" box="[123,245,408,432]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Philippine" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">PHILIPPINE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFEA1FE37FE5FFE14" baselines="425" box="[262,412,411,430]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="distribution" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
(
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFE11FE37FDDBFE14" baselines="425" box="[438,536,411,430]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="endemic" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">ENDEMIC</smallCapsWord>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132126CF8468FFDBFD9EFE34FD58FE0A" box="[569,667,408,432]" captionStart="A B C D" captionStartId="141.[180,207,234,267]" captionText="A B C D MAPS 31A–D. Geographic range maps for Philippine records of (A) Pseudorabdion montanum; (B) Pseudorabdion oxycephalum; (C) Pseudorabdion talonuran; (D) Pseudorabdion taylori." pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Map 31b</figureCitation>
|
||
[p. 142]).—
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88468FFDBFC8DFE34FC1AFE0A" box="[810,985,408,432]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Cebu, Masbate</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Negros (Prov.:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88468FFDBFF7CFE14FDA2FE6A" box="[219,609,440,464]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental</collectingRegion>
|
||
), Panay (Prov.:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88468FFDBFCAFFE14FC8DFE6A" box="[776,846,440,464]" country="Philippines" name="Aklan" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Aklan</collectingRegion>
|
||
). Localities needing confirmation include: Calamianes Ids., Luzon (Prov.:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88468FFDBFD1AFE74FCA7FE55" box="[701,868,472,496]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Aurora, Bataan</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Nucva Ecija), Mindanao or
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88468FFDBFF7CFE54FEECFDAA" box="[219,303,504,528]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Dinagat</collectingRegion>
|
||
Ids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18468FFDBFFDCFDB4FC84FC2B" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8468FFDBFFDCFDB4FDF9FD0B" blockId="29.[123,1174,375,946]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFFDCFDB4FF25FD95" baselines="554,554" box="[123,230,536,560]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Remarks" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFFDCFDB4FF25FD95" bold="true" box="[123,230,536,560]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">REMARKS</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.— This small, distinctive species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98468FFDBFDDDFDB4FCDEFD8A" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1862" box="[634,797,536,560]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pseudorabdion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFDDDFDB4FCDEFD8A" box="[634,797,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Pseudorabdion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, once thought to be rare, has been found with increasing frequency on Negros Island. The species has been reported from other islands, Luzon (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8468FFDBFE76FDF5FD0EFDCA" author="CASTO DE ELERA, R. P." box="[465,717,600,625]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" pagination="423 - 445" refId="ref60864" refString="CASTO DE ELERA, R. P. FR. 1895. Catalogo sistematico de toda la Fauna de Filipinas conocida hasta al presente, y a la vez et de la Coleccion zoologica del Museo de PP. Dominicos del Colegio-Universidad de Santo Tomas de Manila escrito con motivo de la Exposicion Regional Filipina. Colegio de Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines. viii + 701 pp. [NB: Snakes {Ofidios}, pp. 423 - 445.]" type="book chapter" year="1895">Casto de Elera [1895]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Mindanao or
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88468FFDBFC27FDF4FC17FDCA" box="[896,980,600,624]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Dinagat</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A184E88468FFDBFC40FDF5FBD5FDCB" box="[999,1046,601,625]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98468FFDBFBE3FDF4FE1EFD2A" authority="Gunther" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1879" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Typhlogeophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFBE3FDF4FEB4FD2A" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Typhlogeophis brevis</emphasis>
|
||
Günther
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the Calamianes (specimen in the collection of CAS), but these records need confirmation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8468FFDBFEACFD15FD61FC8B" blockId="29.[123,1174,375,946]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
Also, see Leviton and Brown (1959:487
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFD7DFD15FCE0FD6A" box="[730,803,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">et seq.</emphasis>
|
||
) for a discusion of the status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98468FFDBFF7CFD75FDDCFD4B" authority="Gunther" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1879" box="[219,543,729,753]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Typhlogeophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFF7CFD75FE7EFD4B" box="[219,445,729,753]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Typhlogeophis brevis</emphasis>
|
||
Günther
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was based on a single specimen said to have come from Mindanao or
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88468FFDBFE02FD55FD8EFCAB" box="[421,589,761,785]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Dinagat islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and was distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98468FFDBFC23FD56FBE8FCAB" authorityName=", Leviton and Brown (WC" authorityYear="1959" box="[900,1067,761,785]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pseudorabdion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxycephalum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFC23FD56FBE8FCAB" box="[900,1067,761,785]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">P. oxycephalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having its eyes “hidden” beneath the ocular scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8468FFDBFEACFC95FC84FC2B" blockId="29.[123,1174,375,946]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFEACFC95FD89FCEB" box="[267,586,825,849]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98468FFDBFEACFC95FD86FCEB" authorityName=", Leviton and Brown (WC" authorityYear="1959" box="[267,581,825,849]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pseudorabdion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxycephalum">Pseudorabdion oxycephalum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
endemic to the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7ADA8468FFDBFD5BFC95FC03FCEB" box="[764,960,825,849]" name="Philippines" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">Philippine Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
, does not appear to be close to Sulawesian or Bornean species. Indeed, its closest relative,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFC76FCF6FBA0FCCB" box="[977,1123,858,881]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98468FFDBFC76FCF6FB9DFCCB" authorityName="Leviton and Brown (WC" authorityYear="1959" box="[977,1118,858,881]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pseudorabdion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanum">P. montanum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is at present known only from the highlands on Negros Island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18468FFDBFFDCFC35FCFDFC08" box="[123,830,921,946]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8468FFDBFFDCFC35FCFDFC08" blockId="29.[123,1174,375,946]" box="[123,830,921,946]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588468FFDBFFDCFC35FE0DFC0B" bold="true" box="[123,462,921,945]" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFFDCFC35FEDDFC0A" baselines="939,939" box="[123,286,921,945]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Conservation" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">CONSERVATION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968468FFDBFE82FC31FEB3FC0A" baselines="939" box="[293,368,925,944]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="status" pageId="29" pageNumber="428">STATUS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
[IUCN]
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.— Least Concern [2016] ver. 3.1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |