301 lines
36 KiB
XML
301 lines
36 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F93B3A18C4AE2552A26E847088052B93">Synopsis of the Snakes of the Philippines A Synthesis of Data from Biodiversity Repositories, Field Studies, and the Literature</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F5503B70DBF214E70034DC5B9A777100">Leviton, Alan E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="96884E2E7DFDE89F188FAE860EBC869C">Herpetology Division, Institute of Biodiversity Science & Sustainibility, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, California 94118 & Research Associate, Division of Amphibians & Reptiles, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="781E4F1FC257A1BB7102768A0CAB2CD7" type="email">aleviton@calacademy.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="683254736856200B471DFA555F9A281C">Siler, Cameron D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="037FB2D0C71EBBFB0E13D0F6DB6002B1">Department of Biology and Sam Noble Museum, University of Oklahoma, 2401 Chautauqua Ave., Norman, OK 73072 - 7029, USA & Zoology Division, National Museum of the Philippines, Rizal Park, Burgos Ave., Ermita 1000, Manila, Philippines.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="09370671024056619DB5F51A7F5AEA1C" type="email">camsiler@ou.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="103378A65EB87871961E3649999C6FE2">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="51E1D8528B5A44BBC03EC09853EAF1E5">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 & Zoology Division, National Museum of the Philippines, Rizal Park, Burgos Ave., Ermita 1000, Manila, Philippines.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03B38B5C8465FFD7FFDCFA3CFDE0FCC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12724450" ID-GBIF-Taxon="235037682" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12724450" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B38B5C8465FFD7FFDCFA3CFDE0FCC1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B38B5C8465FFD7FFDCFA3CFDE0FCC1" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="416" pageId="16" pageNumber="415">
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588465FFD6FFDCFA3CFEA3FA12" bold="true" box="[123,352,1424,1448]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="415">Cerberus schneiderii</emphasis>
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(Schlegel, 1837)
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Photo figure 13
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<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8465FFD6FFDCFA1DFEBAFA73" blockId="16.[123,1167,1424,1481]" box="[123,377,1457,1481]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415">Dog-faced Water Snake</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588465FFD6FF7CFA70FE7CFA4B" box="[219,447,1500,1521]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="415">Homalopsis schneiderii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8465FFD6FE62FA70FD4DFA48" author="SCHLEGEL, HERMANN" box="[453,654,1500,1522]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" refId="ref73366" refString="SCHLEGEL, HERMANN. 1837 b. Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens, Partie Descriptive. Arnz & Comp., Leide. 1 - 606 [+ i - xv + (1)] pp. (NB: Index, pp. i - xv may be bound with Partie Generale or Partie Descriptive.)" type="journal volume" year="1837">Schlegel, 1837b:341</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98465FFD6FF7CFA55FDDFF9B5" authority="Gray, 1849: 65" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="65" authorityYear="1849" box="[219,540,1529,1551]" class="Repitilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unicolor">
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588465FFD6FF7CFA55FE4FF9B4" box="[219,396,1529,1550]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="415">Cerberus unicolor</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8465FFD6FE34FA55FDDFF9B5" author="GRAY, JOHN" box="[403,540,1529,1551]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" refId="ref64395" refString="GRAY, JOHN EDWARD. 1849. Catalogue of the Specimens of Snakes in the Collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum, London, UK. xv + 125 pp." type="book" year="1849">Gray, 1849:65</bibRefCitation>
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(
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="F30D7ADA8465FFD6FD17FA55FCE2F9B5" box="[688,801,1529,1551]" name="Philippines" pageId="16" pageNumber="415">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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).
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8465FFD6FF7CF9BBFD87F996" author="TAYLOR, EDWARD" box="[219,580,1558,1580]" page="111" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" year="1922">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98465FFD6FF7CF9BBFD87F996" authority=", Taylor, 1922 a: 111" authorityName="Taylor" authorityPageNumber="111" authorityYear="1922" box="[219,580,1558,1580]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hurria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhynchops">
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588465FFD6FF7CF9BBFE4BF991" box="[219,392,1558,1580]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="415">Hurria rhynchops</emphasis>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8465FFD6FE33F9BAFD87F996" author="TAYLOR, EDWARD" box="[404,580,1558,1580]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" refId="ref75830" refString="TAYLOR, EDWARD H. 1922 a. The Snakes of the Philippine Islands. Bureau of Science, Manila, Philippines. 312 pp., 32 text-figs., 63 tables, 37 pls." type="book" year="1922">Taylor, 1922a:111</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB1C5B8465FFD6FDE9F9BAFD6FF996" author="TAYLOR, EDWARD" box="[590,684,1558,1580]" page="546" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" year="1923">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8465FFD6FDE9F9BAFD6FF996" author="TAYLOR, EDWARD" box="[590,684,1558,1580]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" pagination="515 - 555" refId="ref75958" refString="TAYLOR, EDWARD H. 1923. Additions to the herpetological fauna of the Philippine Islands, III. Philippine Journal of Science 22 (5): 515 - 555." type="journal article" year="1923">1923:546</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8465FFD6FF7CF99FFD3CF91A" blockId="16.[219,1174,1500,1726]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0A1D648465FFD6FF7CF99FFB55F9F3" box="[219,1174,1587,1609]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98465FFD6FF7CF99FFD0FF9F3" authority=", Ross and Gonzales, 1992: 65" authorityName=", Ross and Gonzales" authorityPageNumber="65" authorityYear="1992" box="[219,716,1587,1609]" class="Repitilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhynchops">
|
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588465FFD6FF7CF99FFE62F9F2" box="[219,417,1587,1608]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="415">Cerberus rhynchops</emphasis>
|
||
, Ross and Gonzales, 1992:65
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.— Gaulke and Altenbach, 1994:63.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8465FFD6FBE9F998FB55F9F3" author="BROWN, RAFE & W. FERNER & ROGELIO & V. SISON & PEDRO & C. GONZALES & AND ROBERT & S. KENNEDY" box="[1102,1174,1588,1609]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref59801" refString="BROWN, RAFE M., JOHN W. FERNER, ROGELIO V. SISON, PEDRO C. GONZALES, AND ROBERT S. KENNEDY. 1996. Amphibians and reptiles of the Zambales Mountains of Luzon Island, Republic of the Philippines. Herpetological Natural History 4 (1): 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1996">Brown,</bibRefCitation>
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Ferner, Sison, Gonzales, and Kennedy, 1996:12.—
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8465FFD6FCBBF9FDFB55F9DD" author="FERNER, JOHN & M. BROWN & ROGELIO & V. SISON & AND ROBERT & S. KENNEDY" box="[796,1174,1617,1639]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" pagination="34 - 70" refId="ref62858" refString="FERNER, JOHN W., RAFE M. BROWN, ROGELIO V. SISON, AND ROBERT S. KENNEDY. 2001. The amphibians and reptiles of Panay Island, Philippines. Asiatic Herpetological Research 9: 34 - 70." type="journal article" year="2001">Ferner, Brown, Sison, and Kennedy,</bibRefCitation>
|
||
2001:52[19].— Bucol, Alcala, Averia, Alcala, and Alcala, 2011:112.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8465FFD6FC12F9C2FB51F939" author="GAULKE, MAREN" box="[949,1170,1645,1668]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" refId="ref63696" refString="GAULKE, MAREN. 2011. The Herpetofauna of Panay Island, Philippines. Chimaira Buchhandelsgesellschaft, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 390 pp., 258 figs." type="book" year="2011">Gaulke, 2011:256–257</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs. 169–171.— Devan-Song and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8465FFD6FDFCF927FD39F91A" author="BROWN, RAFE & H. OLIVEROS & CAMERON & D. SILER & JASON & B. FERNANDEZ & LUKE & J. WELTON & PERRY ARCHIVAL & C. BUENAVENTE & MAE LOWE & L. DIESMOS & AND ARVIN & C. DIESMOS" box="[603,762,1675,1696]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" pagination="469 - 490" refId="ref60090" refString="BROWN, RAFE M., CARL H. OLIVEROS, CAMERON D. SILER, JASON B. FERNANDEZ, LUKE J. WELTON, PERRY ARCHIVAL C. BUENAVENTE, MAE LOWE L. DIESMOS, AND ARVIN C. DIESMOS. 2012. Amphibians and reptiles of Luzon Island (Philippines), VII: Herpetofauna of Ilocos Norte Province, Northern Cordillera Mountain Range. Check List 8 (3): 469 - 490." type="journal article" year="2012">Brown, 2012:12</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98465FFD6FF7CF904FCC0F907" authority=", Murphy, Voris, and Karns, 2012: 17" authorityName=", Murphy, Voris, and Karns" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="2012" box="[219,771,1704,1726]" class="Repitilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588465FFD6FF7CF904FE66F907" box="[219,421,1704,1725]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="415">Cerberus schneiderii</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8465FFD6FE17F904FCC0F907" author="MURPHY, JOHN & K. VORIS & AND DARYL & R. KARNS" box="[432,771,1704,1726]" pageId="16" pageNumber="415" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref70805" refString="MURPHY, JOHN C., HAROLD K. VORIS, AND DARYL R. KARNS. 2012. The dog-faced water snakes, a revision of the genus Cerberus Cuvier, (Squamata, Serpentes, Homalopsidae), with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 3484 (3484): 1 - 34, 10 figs., 3 tables." type="book chapter" year="2012">Murphy, Voris, and Karns, 2012:17</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, figs. 8–9.— Brown, Siler, Oliveros, Welton, Rock, Swab, Van Weerd, van Beijnen, Jose, Rodriguez, Jose, and Diesmos, 2013:90,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132126CF8464FFD7FBD2FF77FEE7FEB4" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="165.[689,701,1574,1593]" captionTargetPageId="165" captionText="FIGURE 96. Hydrophis [Lapemis] curtus. Photo © HV." pageId="17" pageNumber="416">fig. 96</figureCitation>
|
||
.— Murphy and Voris, 2014:13, fig. 15.— Wallach, Williams, and Boundy, 2014:153.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8464FFD7FEACFEB9FC91FE91" author="SANGUILA, M. B. & K. A. COBB & C. D. SILER & A. C. DIESMOS & A. C. ALCALA & R. M. BROWN" box="[267,850,277,299]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref72917" refString="SANGUILA, M. B., K. A. COBB, C. D. SILER, A. C. DIESMOS, A. C. ALCALA, AND R. M. BROWN. 2016. The amphibians and reptiles of Mindanao Island, southern Philippines, II: the herpetofauna of northeast Mindanao and adjacent islands. Zookeys 624: 1 - 132, 81 figs., 2 tables. (doi: 10.3897 / zookeys. 634.9814)" type="book chapter" year="2016">Sanguila, Cobb, Siler, Diesmos Alcala, and Brown, 2016:14</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8464FFD7FCD1FEBAFC77FEF3" author="SUPSUP, CHRISTIAN & M. PUNA & AUGUSTO & A. ASIS & BERNARD & R. REDOBLADO & MARIA FATIMA & G. PANAGUINIT & FAITH & M. GUINTO & EDMUND & B. RICO & ARVIN & C. DIESMOS & RAFE & M. BROWN & AND NEIL ALDRIN & D. MALLARI" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" pagination="151 - 179" refId="ref75088" refString="SUPSUP, CHRISTIAN E., NEVONG M. PUNA, AUGUSTO A. ASIS, BERNARD R. REDOBLADO, MARIA FATIMA G. PANAGUINIT, FAITH M. GUINTO, EDMUND B. RICO, ARVIN C. DIESMOS, RAFE M. BROWN, AND NEIL ALDRIN D. MALLARI. 2016. Amphibians and reptiles of Cebu, Philippines: The poorly understood herpetofauna of an island with very little remaining natural habitat. Asian Herpetological Research 7 (3): 151 - 179, 36 figs., 2 tables." type="book chapter" year="2016">Supsup, Puna, Asis, Redoblado, Panaguinit, Guinto, Rico, Diesmos, Brown, and Mallari, 2016:170</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132126CF8464FFD7FC19FE9FFBC7FEF2" box="[958,1028,307,329]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="155.[687,699,1617,1636]" captionTargetBox="[120,644,1329,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-128@155.[119,645,1331,1687]" captionTargetPageId="155" captionText="FIGURE 33. Boiga dendrophila levitoni (Iloilo Prov., Gigante Norte Id.) (KU 302959). Photo © CDS." pageId="17" pageNumber="416">fig. 33.</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18464FFD7FFDCFEF0FD8FFE2F" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8464FFD7FFDCFEF0FD8FFE2F" blockId="17.[123,1174,348,891]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588464FFD7FFDCFEF0FDE1FECE" bold="true" box="[123,546,348,372]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">
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||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FFDCFEF0FF77FEC9" baselines="366,366" box="[123,180,348,372]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FF1BFECCFEE4FEC9" baselines="366" box="[188,295,352,371]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
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||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FE8BFECCFE94FEC9" baselines="366" box="[300,343,352,371]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="and" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">AND</smallCapsWord>
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||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FEF9FECCFE50FEC9" baselines="366" box="[350,403,352,371]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="type" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FE3CFECCFDC6FEC9" baselines="366" box="[411,517,352,371]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="specimen" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">SPECIMEN</smallCapsWord>
|
||
(
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FDA9FECCFDDAFEC9" baselines="366" box="[526,537,352,371]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="s" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">S</smallCapsWord>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.—
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7230178464FFD7FDEDFEF0FD8FFE2F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905143396" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Indonesia" location="Timor" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" specimenCode="RMNH 1173" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<location id="8EC56C918464FFD7FDEDFEF0FD4DFECE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B38B5C8465FFD7FFDCFA3CFDE0FCC1:8EC56C918464FFD7FDEDFEF0FD4DFECE" box="[586,654,348,372]" country="Indonesia" name="Timor" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Timor</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7ADA8464FFD7FD3FFEF0FCC0FECE" box="[664,771,348,372]" name="Indonesia" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A184E88464FFD7FCA9FEF1FCBEFECF" box="[782,893,349,373]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBBC92318464FFD7FC20FEF1FBD0FECE" box="[903,1043,348,372]" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" type="Museum">RMNH 1173</specimenCode>
|
||
(designated by Murphy et al. [2012:18] [
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588464FFD7FDA8FED1FDF7FE2E" box="[527,564,381,404]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">q.v.</emphasis>
|
||
]).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18464FFD7FFDCFE31FDB6FD22" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8464FFD7FFDCFE31FDABFD8D" blockId="17.[123,1174,348,891]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588464FFD7FFDCFE31FE4DFE09" bold="true" box="[123,398,413,437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FFDCFE31FF30FE0E" baselines="431,431" box="[123,243,413,437]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Philippine" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">PHILIPPINE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FF5DFE0CFE4DFE09" baselines="430" box="[250,398,416,435]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="distribution" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132126CF8464FFD7FE3CFE31FE30FE0F" box="[411,499,413,437]" captionStart="A B C D" captionStartId="119.[180,207,234,267]" captionText="A B C D MAPS 9A–D. Geographic range maps for Philippine records of (A) Cerberus microlepis; (B) Cerberus schneiderii; (C) Chrysopelea paradisi paradisi; (D) Chrysopelea paradisi variabilis." pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Map 9B</figureCitation>
|
||
[p. 120]).— “Documented on most major islands of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7ADA8464FFD7FBEAFE31FED0FE6F" name="Philippines" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
...” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8464FFD7FEFBFE12FD9AFE6C" author="BROWN, R. M. & C. D. SILER & C. H. OLIVEROS & J. A. ESSELSTYN & A. C. DIESMOS & P. A. HOSNER & C. W. LINKEM & A. J. BARLEY & J. R. OAKS & M. B. SANGUILA & L. J. WELTON & D. S. BLACKBURN & R. G. MOYLE & A. T. PETERSON & A. C. ALCALA" box="[348,601,445,470]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" pagination="411 - 435" refId="ref60170" refString="BROWN, R. M., C. D. SILER, C. H. OLIVEROS, J. A. ESSELSTYN, A. C. DIESMOS, P. A. HOSNER, C. W. LINKEM, A. J. BARLEY, J. R. OAKS, M. B. SANGUILA, L. J. WELTON, D. S. BLACKBURN, R. G. MOYLE, A. T. PETERSON, AND A. C. ALCALA. 2013. Evolutionary processes of diversification in a model island archipelago. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 44: 411 - 435." type="journal article" year="2013">Brown et al. [2013:90]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Bantayan,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FD46FE11FCE6FE6F" box="[737,805,445,469]" country="Philippines" name="Bohol" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Bohol</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FC96FE11FC7FFE6F" box="[817,956,445,469]" country="Philippines" name="Catanduanes" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Catanduanes</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FC6FFE11FBC0FE6F" box="[968,1027,445,469]" country="Philippines" name="Cebu" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Cebu</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Cuyo,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FBFEFE11FF3DFE4C" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Dinagat</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Luzon (Prov.:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FE0BFE72FE37FE4C" box="[428,500,478,502]" country="Philippines" name="Cavite" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Cavite</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FDA4FE72FD95FE4C" box="[515,598,478,502]" country="Philippines" name="Laguna" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Laguna</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FDC3FE72FD71FE4C" box="[612,690,478,502]" country="Philippines" name="Manila" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Manila</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FD66FE72FD3FFE4C" box="[705,764,478,502]" country="Philippines" name="Rizal" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Rizal</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FCADFE72FCB5FE4C" box="[778,886,478,502]" country="Philippines" name="Zambales" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Zambales</collectingRegion>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FC2CFE72FC2BFE4C" box="[907,1000,478,502]" country="Philippines" name="Masbate" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Masbate</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Negros (Prov.:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FF7CFE53FE48FDAC" box="[219,395,510,535]" country="Philippines" name="Negros Oriental" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Negros Oriental</collectingRegion>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FE3AFE52FE39FDAC" box="[413,506,510,534]" country="Philippines" name="Palawan" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Palawan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FDA2FE52FDA8FDAC" box="[517,619,510,534]" country="Philippines" name="Romblon" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Romblon</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Panay (Prov.:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FCABFE52FC93FDAC" box="[780,848,510,534]" country="Philippines" name="Aklan" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Aklan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FCFDFE52FC70FDAC" box="[858,947,510,534]" country="Philippines" name="Antique" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Antique</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FC1AFE52FC3DFDAC" box="[957,1022,510,534]" country="Philippines" name="Capiz" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Capiz</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FBADFE52FB8BFDAC" box="[1034,1096,510,534]" country="Philippines" name="Iloilo" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Iloilo</collectingRegion>
|
||
), Polillo,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FF5AFDB3FE96FD8D" box="[253,341,543,567]" country="Philippines" name="Siquijor" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Siquijor</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88464FFD7FEC7FDB3FE52FD8D" box="[352,401,543,567]" country="Philippines" name="Sulu" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Sulu</collectingRegion>
|
||
Archipelago (Jolo).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8464FFD7FFDCFD93FDB6FD22" blockId="17.[123,1174,348,891]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588464FFD7FFDCFD93FD69FDED" bold="true" box="[123,682,575,599]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FFDCFD93FF21FDEC" baselines="593,593" box="[123,226,575,599]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="General" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">GENERAL</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FF4EFDEEFEBEFDEF" baselines="592" box="[233,381,578,597]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="distribution" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
(
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FE2AFDEEFE16FDEF" baselines="592" box="[397,469,578,597]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="other" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">OTHER</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FE7BFDEFFDD5FDEC" baselines="593" box="[476,534,579,598]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="than" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">THAN</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FDBAFD93FD62FDEF" baselines="593,592" box="[541,673,575,599]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Philippines" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7ADA8464FFD7FDBAFD93FD62FDEF" box="[541,673,575,599]" name="Philippines" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.— Coasts of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand. (See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8464FFD7FE24FDF3FCD6FDC2" author="MURPHY, JOHN & K. VORIS & AND DARYL & R. KARNS" box="[387,789,607,632]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref70805" refString="MURPHY, JOHN C., HAROLD K. VORIS, AND DARYL R. KARNS. 2012. The dog-faced water snakes, a revision of the genus Cerberus Cuvier, (Squamata, Serpentes, Homalopsidae), with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 3484 (3484): 1 - 34, 10 figs., 3 tables." type="book chapter" year="2012">Murphy, Voris, and Karns [2012:17]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Murphy and Voris [2014:13], and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8464FFD7FF7CFD2CFE2DFD22" author="WALLACH, VAN & KENNETH L. & WILLIAMS, AND" box="[219,494,640,664]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" refId="ref78804" refString="WALLACH, VAN, KENNETH L. WILLIAMS, AND JEFF BOUNDY. 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA. xxvii + 1209 pp." type="book" year="2014">Wallach et al. [2014:153]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, for details.)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18464FFD7FFDCFD0CFDA3FC80" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8464FFD7FFDCFD0CFDA3FC80" blockId="17.[123,1174,348,891]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FFDCFD0CFF25FD0D" baselines="690,690" box="[123,230,672,696]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Remarks" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588464FFD7FFDCFD0CFF25FD0D" bold="true" box="[123,230,672,696]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">REMARKS</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.— See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8464FFD7FE9BFD0CFD07FD02" author="MURPHY, JOHN & K. VORIS & AND DARYL & R. KARNS" box="[316,708,672,696]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref70805" refString="MURPHY, JOHN C., HAROLD K. VORIS, AND DARYL R. KARNS. 2012. The dog-faced water snakes, a revision of the genus Cerberus Cuvier, (Squamata, Serpentes, Homalopsidae), with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 3484 (3484): 1 - 34, 10 figs., 3 tables." type="book chapter" year="2012">Murphy, Voris, and Karns (2012:17)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for an extensive synonymy and discussion relating to the adoption of this new combination for what was formerly known in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7ADA8464FFD7FF7CFD4DFE90FD43" box="[219,339,737,761]" name="Philippines" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98464FFD7FEDAFD4DFD9AFD43" authorityName=", Ross and Gonzales" authorityYear="1992" box="[381,601,737,761]" class="Repitilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhynchops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588464FFD7FEDAFD4DFD9AFD43" box="[381,601,737,761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Cerberus rhynchops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see also pp. 14–17 for a discussion relating to the restriction of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98464FFD7FECEFCADFD81FCA3" authorityName=", Ross and Gonzales" authorityYear="1992" box="[361,578,769,793]" class="Repitilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhynchops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588464FFD7FECEFCADFD81FCA3" box="[361,578,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Cerberus rhynchops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the South Asian population [i.e.,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7ADA8464FFD7FC67FCADFC3AFCA3" box="[960,1017,769,793]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7ADA8464FFD7FBA4FCADFBA6FCA3" box="[1027,1125,769,793]" name="Thailand" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18464FFD7FFDCFCEEFDE0FCC1" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8464FFD7FFDCFCEEFDE0FCC1" blockId="17.[123,1174,348,891]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588464FFD7FFDCFCEEFE15FCE0" bold="true" box="[123,470,834,858]" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FFDCFCEEFEDDFCE3" baselines="852,852" box="[123,286,834,858]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Conservation" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">CONSERVATION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968464FFD7FE8EFCEAFEB7FCE3" baselines="852" box="[297,372,838,857]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="status" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">STATUS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
[IUCN]
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.— Not distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98464FFD7FCADFCEFFC5EFCE0" authorityName=", Ross and Gonzales" authorityYear="1992" box="[778,925,834,858]" class="Repitilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="416" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhynchops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588464FFD7FCADFCEFFC5EFCE0" box="[778,925,834,858]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="416">C. rhynchops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is listed as of Least Concern [2016] ver. 3.1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |