453 lines
63 KiB
XML
453 lines
63 KiB
XML
<document id="2CB21C4632F62B1FB68D435A4BC10C11" ID-CLB-Dataset="8431" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4858.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="985a0e09-5ed8-4596-9047-fc5fe27db488" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411669" ID-ZooBank="A6C6FBA5-8026-46D8-9DA6-57A8BBE0655C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609609713693" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Joshi, Shantanu, Subramanian, K. A., Babu, R., Sawant, Dattaprasad & Kunte, Krushnamegh" docDate="2020" docId="03B087FBFF95D66FFF05D554B279F8FD" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4858.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4858 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Protosticta sholai Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte 2020, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="4CA08A04-3163-4023-AA8A-364A2E88B576" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="175" masterDocId="FF89FF83FF87D677FF92D045B15DFF81" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Protosticta Selys, 1885 (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platystictidae) from the Western Ghats, India, with taxonomic notes on P. mortoni Fraser, 1922 and rediscovery of P. rufostigma Kimmins, 1958" masterLastPageNumber="185" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="169" updateTime="1701999446184" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="ED1C7D136CD8827A6696E18D33776639">Three new species of Protosticta Selys, 1885 (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platystictidae) from the Western Ghats, India, with taxonomic notes on P. mortoni Fraser, 1922 and rediscovery of P. rufostigma Kimmins, 1958</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="783641695BB6164A992FD9AD709B81AC">Joshi, Shantanu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DABAA7B96C52C1F757CDC1740BA90769">National Centre for Biological Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bellary Rd, Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EBF4B0A8950D0774DFA154C85B9EB176">Subramanian, K. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BEE4063EA62130BEA601B6E66D4DF9D6">Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Santhome High Road, Chennai 600028, Tamil Nadu, India & subbuka. zsi @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0872 - 9771</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DA51F23BA5E75322F4FC9C237E77B67D" type="email">subbuka.zsi@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="92AAD7762ACFAEF0FAF990D4E2AF549F">Babu, R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7445EFFBFDBFB6923ABFAF1EE2A79C99">Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Santhome High Road, Chennai 600028, Tamil Nadu, India & baburzsi @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9147 - 4540</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F1F6433D6FA1CED752A88CBAE20D2C9B" type="email">baburzsi@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="94268D283880B8B0A347A968966C33B5">Sawant, Dattaprasad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C09442C5D016BA74772038AA4D0EB38C">M. D. Community Medicine, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India & dattaprasad. 101 @ gmail. com; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0533 - 9292</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B9F564A3C3D562A70224A80679CF31E0">Kunte, Krushnamegh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CB6A791093DD18060BF54BB7DC4CCE7F">National Centre for Biological Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bellary Rd, Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India & krushnamegh @ ncbs. res. in; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3860 - 6118</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9C200A5668858B1BF47B1D71BEAA9406">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="863B041FBE8B71963E48EBF11ABF4008">4858</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03B087FBFF95D66FFF05D554B279F8FD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4506854" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177215447" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4506854" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4CA08A04-3163-4023-AA8A-364A2E88B576" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B087FBFF95D66FFF05D554B279F8FD" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
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<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF95D665FF05D554B037FAAD" ID-CoL="9X45Z" authority="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte, 2020" authorityName="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,362,1297,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sholai" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF95D665FF05D554B037FAAD" bold="true" box="[151,362,1297,1324]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Protosticta sholai</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13222A68FF95D665FF0DD538B07BFA16" box="[159,294,1405,1431]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 13" captionStart-1="FIGURE 14" captionStart-2="FIGURE 15" captionStart-3="FIGURE 16" captionStart-4="FIGURE 17" captionStartId-0="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="21.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="22.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionStartId-3="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-4="24.[151,250,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox-0="[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-1="[199,1388,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-2="[168,1420,181,1927]" captionTargetBox-3="[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,181,1220]" captionTargetId-0="figure-33@20.[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@21.[199,1388,181,1919]" captionTargetId-2="figure-33@22.[168,1420,181,1927]" captionTargetId-3="figure-17@23.[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetId-4="figure-33@24.[151,1436,181,1220]" captionTargetPageId-0="20" captionTargetPageId-1="21" captionTargetPageId-2="22" captionTargetPageId-3="23" captionTargetPageId-4="24" captionText-0="FIGURE 13. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) face; (c) pterostigma of right FW; (d) prothorax, left lateral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) pterothorax; (g) hamuli, right lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 14. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223] (a–d), and paratype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2224] (e–f): (a) lateral view of S7–10; (b) caudal appendages, right lateral view; (c) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (d) caudal appendages, ventral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) dorsal close-up of left cercus." captionText-2="FIGURE 15. Genital ligula of Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223]: (a) ventral view; (b) dorsal view; (c) right lateral view." captionText-3="FIGURE 16. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Paratype female [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2226]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) pterothorax; (c) face; (d) prothorax, lateral view [arrow indicates the finger-like projections]; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) caudal appendages, lateral view; (h) lateral view of S7–10; (i) pterostigma of left FW." captionText-4="FIGURE 17. Field images of Protosticta sholai sp. nov. (a) male, dorso-lateral view; (b) male, lateral view; (c) female, lateral view. Photos: (a–b) KAS, & (c) Senraj." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411697" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411699" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411701" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411703" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411705" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4411697/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4411699/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4411701/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4411703/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/4411705/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Figs. 13–17</figureCitation>
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)
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<collectionCode id="ED08AE28FF95D665FC04D5A0B2F1FA7E" box="[918,940,1509,1535]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26EC533BFF95D665FC24D5A1B2ACFA7F" box="[950,1009,1508,1534]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Babu</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26EC533BFF95D665FB87D5A1B5BAFA7F" box="[1045,1255,1508,1534]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">K.A. Subramanian</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF95D665FF55D64DB19CF9EB" blockId="18.[151,1437,1472,2039]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B713CB0FF95D665FF55D64DB19CF9EB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031208301" collectingDate="2016-09-17" collectionCode="ZSI-SRCI, R" collectorName="Babu & K. A. Subramanian" country="India" county="Theni" elevation="1464" latitude="9.6079" location="Downstream of Iravangalar Dam" municipality="Meghamalai Wildlife Sacntuary" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF95D665FF55D64DB062F9A3" bold="true" box="[199,319,1544,1570]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A2884FFF95D665FF55D64DB062F9A3" box="[199,319,1544,1570]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF95D665FEC2D64DB092F9A5" bold="true" box="[336,463,1544,1572]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD64FF95D665FEC2D64DB0CFF9A5" box="[336,402,1544,1572]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD64FF95D665FE31D64DB092F9A5" box="[419,463,1544,1572]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED08AE28FF95D665FE73D64DB30BF9A2" box="[481,598,1544,1571]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">ZSI-SRCI</collectionCode>
|
||
/OD/2224-2226),
|
||
<location id="8EC66036FF95D665FCB2D64CB5C1F9A2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B087FBFF95D66FFF05D554B279F8FD:8EC66036FF95D665FCB2D64CB5C1F9A2" box="[800,1180,1544,1571]" country="India" county="Theni" latitude="9.6079" municipality="Meghamalai Wildlife Sacntuary" name="Downstream of Iravangalar Dam" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Downstream of Iravangalar Dam</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC2AC97FF95D665FB39D64DB055F9C7" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Meghamalai Wildlife Sacntuary</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62C74E61FF95D665FE80D669B00BF9C7" box="[274,342,1580,1606]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Theni</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DDF80FFF95D665FECDD669B0B8F9C7" box="[351,485,1580,1606]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E767DFF95D665FE7DD669B374F9C7" box="[495,553,1580,1606]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D502AFF95D665FDA4D669B3FFF9C6" box="[566,674,1580,1607]" degrees="9.6079" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" precision="5" value="9.6079">9.6079 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D502AFF95D665FD3ED669B27CF9C6" box="[684,801,1580,1607]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">77.299 6 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; Alt:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B08FF95D665FCC9D669B2E4F9C6" box="[859,953,1580,1607]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.464" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="m" value="1464.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0034D1DEFF95D665FCC9D669B2E4F9C6" box="[859,953,1580,1607]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.464" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="m" value="1464.0">1,464 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFA7102DFF95D665FC5ED669B51BF9C7" box="[972,1094,1580,1606]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" value="2016-09-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE3E9C5FF95D665FC5ED669B51BF9C7" box="[972,1094,1580,1606]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" value="2016-09-17">17.ix.2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED08AE28FF95D665FBC2D668B53BF9C6" box="[1104,1126,1581,1607]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26EC533BFF95D665FBE2D669B5F6F9C7" box="[1136,1195,1580,1606]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Babu</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26EC533BFF95D665FB5ED669B4C0F9C7" box="[1228,1437,1580,1606]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">K.A. Subramanian</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3036566FF95D665FF55D631B558F932" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF95D665FF55D631B558F932" blockId="18.[151,1437,1472,2039]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF95D665FF55D631B013F90F" bold="true" box="[199,334,1652,1678]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF95D665FDA4D631B327F90F" authorityName="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte" authorityYear="2020" box="[566,634,1652,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sholai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF95D665FDA4D631B327F90F" box="[566,634,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">sholai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
indicate the habitat of the species, i.e., montane evergreen forests of southern Western Ghats, known as
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF95D665FDB3D6DDB334F933" box="[545,617,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Sholai</emphasis>
|
||
(L. Tamil) or
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF95D665FC95D6DDB21AF933" box="[775,839,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Shola</emphasis>
|
||
(L. Malayalam).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3036566FF95D66FFF55D6F9B596FAE1" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF95D665FF55D6F9B5A9F97B" blockId="18.[151,1437,1472,2039]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF95D665FF55D6F9B3EDF957" bold="true" box="[199,688,1724,1750]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A2884FFF95D665FEE5D6F9B083F957" box="[375,478,1724,1750]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF95D665FE7FD6F9B311F957" box="[493,588,1724,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-33@20.[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) face; (c) pterostigma of right FW; (d) prothorax, left lateral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) pterothorax; (g) hamuli, right lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411697/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF95D665FDCBD6F9B328F957" box="[601,629,1724,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[199,1388,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223] (a–d), and paratype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2224] (e–f): (a) lateral view of S7–10; (b) caudal appendages, right lateral view; (c) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (d) caudal appendages, ventral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) dorsal close-up of left cercus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411699/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">14</figureCitation>
|
||
a–d).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[Note: markings described as yellow especially for the thorax, abdomen and legs change to light yellow to dull white and black changes to dark brown post-mortem]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF95D665FF55D741B002F82F" blockId="18.[151,1437,1472,2039]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF95D665FF55D741B059F89F" box="[199,260,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF95D665FE87D741B02BF89E" box="[277,374,1796,1823]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-33@20.[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) face; (c) pterostigma of right FW; (d) prothorax, left lateral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) pterothorax; (g) hamuli, right lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411697/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Fig. 13b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Central and lateral lobes of labium yellow at base and gradually changing into dark brown anteriorly; genae and mandibles black; dorsal half of labrum bright blue and ventrally black; anteclypeus and postclypeus bright blue, base of antennae yellow, gradually fading into brown; median and lateral ocellus black; median ocellus encircled by a light brown ring; eyes turquoise blue with a dorsal dark region and light blue ventrally; rest of the head black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF95D664FF55D7FDB3E3FEE4" blockId="18.[151,1437,1472,2039]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF95D665FF55D7FDB07DF853" box="[199,288,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF95D665FE34D7FDB0ABF852" box="[422,502,1976,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-33@20.[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) face; (c) pterostigma of right FW; (d) prothorax, left lateral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) pterothorax; (g) hamuli, right lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411697/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
d–e): Anterior lobe pale yellow; anterior half of middle lobe dark purple, posterior half brown; posterior lobes black with a bronze sheen medially bordered by small brown patches on both sides at posterior border, purple laterally; the posterior margin of prothorax is concave medially and convex laterally, expanded into two flaps; propleuron yellow. Pterothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FCA4D0FEB2F7FF57" box="[822,938,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-33@20.[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) face; (c) pterostigma of right FW; (d) prothorax, left lateral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) pterothorax; (g) hamuli, right lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411697/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 13a,f</figureCitation>
|
||
): mesepisternum and metepisternum black, dorsum of mesepisternum and dorsal carina with bronze sheen, metepimeron and mesepimeron yellow; ventrally yellow with black “Y” shaped mark, stem of “Y” is directed anteriorly.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FC57D146B2A7FE9D" box="[965,1018,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: coxae and trochanter yellow; femur anteriorly yellow, posteriorly black; segmental joints of femur and tibia black; tibia yellow anteriorly and black posteriorly; tarsal segments brown; claws brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D12AB51CFE2C" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FF55D12AB056FE09" box="[199,267,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FE8ED12AB0D3FE08" box="[284,398,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-33@20.[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) face; (c) pterostigma of right FW; (d) prothorax, left lateral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) pterothorax; (g) hamuli, right lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411697/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 13a,c</figureCitation>
|
||
) hyaline, Pt dark brown, occupying about 1 cell; one cell between junction of RP
|
||
<subScript id="179D34A8FF94D664FAA2D1C4B465FE0E" attach="right" box="[1328,1336,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</subScript>
|
||
-RP
|
||
<subScript id="179D34A8FF94D664FAF1D1C4B436FE0E" attach="left" box="[1379,1387,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</subScript>
|
||
and origin of IR
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B08FF94D664FE89D1E0B063FE2C" box="[283,318,403,435]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="in" value="1.0">
|
||
<subScript id="179D34A8FF94D664FE89D1E0B07EFE32" attach="left" box="[283,291,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</subScript>
|
||
in
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
FW and HW; Ab absent; Ax:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B08FF94D664FD1CD1D6B3E4FE2C" box="[654,697,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
all wings; Px: FW = 13, HW = 12.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D1F2B095FDE0" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FF55D1F2B06CFE50" box="[199,305,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FED2D1F2B0F7FE50" box="[320,426,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-33@20.[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) face; (c) pterostigma of right FW; (d) prothorax, left lateral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) pterothorax; (g) hamuli, right lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411697/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Figs. 13a</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FE24D1F2B0BFFE50" box="[438,482,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[199,1388,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223] (a–d), and paratype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2224] (e–f): (a) lateral view of S7–10; (b) caudal appendages, right lateral view; (c) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (d) caudal appendages, ventral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) dorsal close-up of left cercus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411699/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">14a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Black marked with yellow. S1 with lateral yellow semicircular spot, dorsally black; S2 with basal backwardly directed narrow yellow triangular spot, rest of the segment black; S3–7 black with basal yellow ring which is contiguous with backwardly directed lateral narrow yellow triangular spot; S8 with broad yellow lateral triangle which is continuous as broad basal yellow ring; S9 with broad lateral yellow spot, ventral part of S8–9 yellow; S10 black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D22EB3D9FC94" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FF55D22EB03EFD04" box="[199,355,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Genital ligula</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FEE0D22EB098FD04" box="[370,453,618,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[168,1420,181,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[168,1420,181,1927]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 15. Genital ligula of Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223]: (a) ventral view; (b) dorsal view; (c) right lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411701/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Brown, broad at base, tapering and thinner at junction with second segment; third segment expanded laterally at the juncture with second segment; apical surface curved ending in two long curved filaments, which are broad medially and taper apically. Ligula vesicle brown and club shaped. Anterior hamuli small, brown, oval with downwardly directed thick golden hairs. Posterior hamuli brown, saddle-shaped, paler brown at base; expanded ventrally, knob-like at apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D35AB2EFFC48" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FF55D35AB0FBFCB8" box="[199,422,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Caudal appendages</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FE26D35AB35EFCBB" box="[436,515,799,826]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[199,1388,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223] (a–d), and paratype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2224] (e–f): (a) lateral view of S7–10; (b) caudal appendages, right lateral view; (c) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (d) caudal appendages, ventral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) dorsal close-up of left cercus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411699/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
b–d). Black, apices dark brown, about three times longer than S10; cerci with a laterally curved basal spine at inner margin, situated closer to the base and less than 1/3
|
||
<superScript id="7C6C9BA5FF94D664FBD5D307B508FCD1" attach="left" box="[1095,1109,834,848]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">rd</superScript>
|
||
of total length of cerci. Cerci bifid at apex, curved inwards, outer and inner arm broad and spatulate, inner arm shorter than the outer and ends in a sharp thumb like projection; paraprocts shorter than cerci, thicker at base, apices thin, strongly curved inwards and backwards, ending with a spoon shaped dorso-ventrally flattened apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D396B42FFC6C" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" box="[199,1394,979,1005]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Measurements: abdomen + caudal appendages = 42.1, FW = 24, HW = 24.8, cerci = 2.4, paraprocts = 1.62</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D3B3B36AFBD8" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FF55D3B3B2DCFB91" bold="true" box="[199,897,1014,1041]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Variation in
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A2884FFF94D664FECCD3B2B094FB90" box="[350,457,1015,1041]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
males (ZSI-SRCI/OD/2224 & 2225).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A2884FFF94D664FB92D3B2B53FFB90" box="[1024,1122,1015,1041]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in coloration of body parts. Px
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B08FF94D664FF2FD45EB1AAFBB4" box="[189,247,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
|
||
right and left FW; 12 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B08FF94D664FDB4D45EB302FBB4" box="[550,607,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
|
||
right and left HW, respectively (I/OD/2224) and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B08FF94D664FB1DD45EB594FBB4" box="[1167,1225,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="in" value="14.0">14 in</quantity>
|
||
right and left FW;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B08FF94D664FF05D47BB18DFBD9" box="[151,208,1086,1112]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="in" value="13.0">13 in</quantity>
|
||
right and left HW (I/OD/2225).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D427B3B9FB21" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FF55D427B368FBFD" bold="true" box="[199,565,1122,1148]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Description of female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FE41D427B37BFBFD" box="[467,550,1122,1148]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 16. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Paratype female [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2226]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) pterothorax; (c) face; (d) prothorax, lateral view [arrow indicates the finger-like projections]; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) caudal appendages, lateral view; (h) lateral view of S7–10; (i) pterostigma of left FW." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411703/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Coloration of head, thorax and abdomen similar to male. However, the yellow markings in terminal abdominal segments are duller.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D4ECB32FFA8A" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FF55D4ECB059FB42" box="[199,260,1193,1219]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FE80D4ECB02FFB45" box="[274,370,1193,1220]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 16. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Paratype female [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2226]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) pterothorax; (c) face; (d) prothorax, lateral view [arrow indicates the finger-like projections]; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) caudal appendages, lateral view; (h) lateral view of S7–10; (i) pterostigma of left FW." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411703/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 16c</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labium brown; dorsal 1/4
|
||
<superScript id="7C6C9BA5FF94D664FD36D4ECB3ECFB36" attach="left" box="[676,689,1193,1207]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">th</superScript>
|
||
of labrum blue, rest dark brown; anteclypeus and postclypeus blue; rest of the face black; postfrons with a rounded brown marking medially at the ventral border; base of antennae pale yellow, brown at apices, filaments broken.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D550B042F9F1" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FF55D550B07DFAAE" box="[199,288,1301,1327]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FE30D550B0ACFAB1" box="[418,497,1301,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 16. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Paratype female [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2226]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) pterothorax; (c) face; (d) prothorax, lateral view [arrow indicates the finger-like projections]; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) caudal appendages, lateral view; (h) lateral view of S7–10; (i) pterostigma of left FW." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411703/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
d–e): anterior border of anterior lobe pale yellow, rest of the anterior lobe pale purple with two faint brown stripes medially; anterior lobe of prothorax with a pair of lateral downwardly directed small finger like projections at ventral border, the base of the fingers black and apices yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FBF3D519B59FFAF6" box="[1121,1218,1372,1399]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 16. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Paratype female [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2226]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) pterothorax; (c) face; (d) prothorax, lateral view [arrow indicates the finger-like projections]; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) caudal appendages, lateral view; (h) lateral view of S7–10; (i) pterostigma of left FW." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411703/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 16d</figureCitation>
|
||
); central lobe of the middle lobe brown, lateral lobes dark purple; posterior lobe black medially, lateral borders purple-brown; posterior lobe winged, expanded laterally, bilobed; ventral half of propleuron pale yellow, dorsal half black. Pterothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FAFDD5E1B1EEFA63" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 16. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Paratype female [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2226]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) pterothorax; (c) face; (d) prothorax, lateral view [arrow indicates the finger-like projections]; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) caudal appendages, lateral view; (h) lateral view of S7–10; (i) pterostigma of left FW." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411703/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
a–b): black, marked with pale yellow as follows: broad stripe at dorsal border of metepisternum slightly tapering at posterior border, another strip across metepimeron occupying the ventral half of it, expanded at posterior border; coxae and trochanter pale yellow, trochanter with small lateral black spots on inner and outer side on mid and hind legs; femur and tibia pale yellow on anterior front, black posteriorly, covered with brown long setae on tibia; tarsus dark brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D63EB52CF939" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FF55D63EB056F915" box="[199,267,1659,1684]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FE89D63FB0DAF914" box="[283,391,1658,1685]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 16. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Paratype female [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2226]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) pterothorax; (c) face; (d) prothorax, lateral view [arrow indicates the finger-like projections]; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) caudal appendages, lateral view; (h) lateral view of S7–10; (i) pterostigma of left FW." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411703/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 16a,i</figureCitation>
|
||
) hyaline, veins black; Pt dark brown, occupying 1 cell; one cell between junction of RP
|
||
<subScript id="179D34A8FF94D664FAF2D6C8B435F91A" attach="left" box="[1376,1384,1677,1691]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</subScript>
|
||
-RP
|
||
<subScript id="179D34A8FF94D664FA06D6C8B4C1F91A" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,1677,1691]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</subScript>
|
||
and origin of IR
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B08FF94D664FED9D6F5B030F939" box="[331,365,1694,1726]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="in" value="1.0">
|
||
<subScript id="179D34A8FF94D664FED9D6F5B00EF93F" attach="left" box="[331,339,1712,1726]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</subScript>
|
||
in
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
FW and HW; Ab absent; Ax:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B08FF94D664FD2CD6DBB3B4F939" box="[702,745,1694,1720]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
all wings; Px: FW = 13, HW = 12.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D684B469F8EB" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FF55D684B06CF95A" box="[199,305,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FED2D684B0EBF95D" box="[320,438,1729,1756]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 16. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Paratype female [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2226]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) pterothorax; (c) face; (d) prothorax, lateral view [arrow indicates the finger-like projections]; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) caudal appendages, lateral view; (h) lateral view of S7–10; (i) pterostigma of left FW." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411703/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 16a,h</figureCitation>
|
||
). Black marked with yellow as follows: S1 with lateral yellow semicircular spot, dorsally black; S2 with basal backwardly directed narrow yellow triangular spot, rest of the segment black; S3–7 black with basal yellow ring which is contiguous with backwardly directed lateral narrow yellow triangular spot; black and yellow markings in S7–10 are duller; S8 with broad dull yellow lateral triangle which continuous as broad basal dull yellow ring; S9 with broad lateral dull yellow spot, ventral part of S8–9 dull yellow; S10 brownish black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF94D664FF55D731B574F87B" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2042]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF94D664FF55D731B0FAF80F" box="[199,423,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Caudal appendages</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF94D664FE25D731B35AF80E" box="[439,519,1908,1935]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[236,1352,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 16. Protosticta sholai sp. nov. Paratype female [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2226]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) pterothorax; (c) face; (d) prothorax, lateral view [arrow indicates the finger-like projections]; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) caudal appendages, lateral view; (h) lateral view of S7–10; (i) pterostigma of left FW." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411703/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
f–g). Cerci dark brown, broader at base, 0.8 times the length of S10, triangular in dorsal and lateral view, pointed; paraprocts reduced, rounded, dark brown, less than half the length of cerci; dorsal half of the valve of ovipositor light brown, ventral half brown, terebra brown, triangular, slightly longer than cerci; ovipositor brown, ending in a long brown styles reaching beyond cerci and valve.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF666665FF93D663FF05D7D2B4CCF852" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411697" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411697/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" startId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[157,1430,181,1919]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF93D663FF05D7D2B4CCF852" blockId="20.[151,1436,1943,2003]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF93D663FF05D7D2B07FF82E" bold="true" box="[151,290,1943,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF93D663FEB9D7D2B0BFF82E" authority="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte, 2020" authorityName="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte" authorityYear="2020" box="[299,482,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sholai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF93D663FEB9D7D2B0BFF82E" box="[299,482,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Protosticta sholai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF93D663FE79D7D2B363F82E" bold="true" box="[491,574,1943,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E5784FF93D663FE79D7D2B363F82E" box="[491,574,1943,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) face; (c) pterostigma of right FW; (d) prothorax, left lateral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) pterothorax; (g) hamuli, right lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF666665FF92D662FF05D7D2B43DF877" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411699" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411699/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" startId="21.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[199,1388,181,1919]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF92D662FF05D7D2B43DF877" blockId="21.[151,1437,1943,2039]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF92D662FF05D7D2B042F82E" bold="true" box="[151,287,1943,1967]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF92D662FEB7D7DDB084F82E" authority="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte, 2020" authorityName="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte" authorityYear="2020" box="[293,473,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sholai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF92D662FEB7D7DDB084F82E" box="[293,473,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Protosticta sholai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF92D662FE4DD7D2B372F82E" bold="true" box="[479,559,1943,1967]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E5784FF92D662FE4DD7D2B372F82E" box="[479,559,1943,1967]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223] (a–d), and paratype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2224] (e–f): (a) lateral view of S7–10; (b) caudal appendages, right lateral view; (c) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (d) caudal appendages, ventral view; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) dorsal close-up of left cercus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF666665FF91D661FF05D7DAB0F6F85A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411701" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411701/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" startId="22.[151,250,1951,1975]" targetBox="[168,1420,181,1927]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF91D661FF05D7DAB0F6F85A" blockId="22.[151,1436,1951,2012]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF91D661FF05D7DAB07CF836" bold="true" box="[151,289,1951,1975]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Genital ligula of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF91D661FE49D7E5B3CDF836" authority="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte, 2020" authorityName="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte" authorityYear="2020" box="[475,656,1951,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sholai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF91D661FE49D7E5B3CDF836" box="[475,656,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Protosticta sholai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF91D661FD0AD7E5B3B7F839" bold="true" box="[664,746,1952,1976]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E5784FF91D661FD0AD7E5B3B7F839" box="[664,746,1952,1976]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype male [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2223]: (a) ventral view; (b) dorsal view; (c) right lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF666665FF90D660FF05D7D2B5FEF876" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411703" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411703/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" startId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[236,1352,181,1919]" targetPageId="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF90D660FF05D7D2B5FEF876" blockId="23.[151,1436,1943,2040]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF90D660FF05D7D2B07DF82E" bold="true" box="[151,288,1943,1967]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF90D660FEB5D7DDB081F831" authority="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte, 2020" authorityName="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte" authorityYear="2020" box="[295,476,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sholai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF90D660FEB5D7DDB081F831" box="[295,476,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Protosticta sholai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF90D660FE71D7DDB369F831" bold="true" box="[483,564,1944,1968]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E5784FF90D660FE71D7DDB369F831" box="[483,564,1944,1968]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype female [ZSI-SRC I/OD/2226]: (a) habitus, lateral view; (b) pterothorax; (c) face; (d) prothorax, lateral view [arrow indicates the finger-like projections]; (e) prothorax, dorsal view; (f) caudal appendages, dorsal view; (g) caudal appendages, lateral view; (h) lateral view of S7–10; (i) pterostigma of left FW.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF666665FF9FD66FFF05D49EB378FA99" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411705" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411705" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411705/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" startId="24.[151,250,1243,1267]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1220]" targetPageId="24">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF9FD66FFF05D49EB378FA99" blockId="24.[151,1436,1243,1304]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF9FD66FFF05D49EB07DFB75" bold="true" box="[151,288,1243,1268]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
|
||
Field images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF9FD66FFE59D499B322FB75" authority="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte, 2020" authorityName="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte" authorityYear="2020" box="[459,639,1244,1268]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sholai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF9FD66FFE59D499B322FB75" box="[459,639,1244,1268]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">Protosticta sholai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF9FD66FFD17D499B38BFB75" bold="true" box="[645,726,1244,1268]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E5784FF9FD66FFD17D499B38BFB75" box="[645,726,1244,1268]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(a) male, dorso-lateral view; (b) male, lateral view; (c) female, lateral view. Photos: (a–b) KAS, & (c) Senraj.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF9FD66FFF55D503B596FAE1" blockId="24.[151,1437,1350,1916]" box="[199,1227,1350,1376]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">Measurements: abdomen + caudal appendages = 41.9, FW = 30.4, HW = 30.3, cerci = 0.24.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3036566FF9FD66FFF55D52FB279F8FD" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF9FD66FFF55D52FB0DCF9B9" blockId="24.[151,1437,1350,1916]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF9FD66FFF55D52FB067FA05" bold="true" box="[199,314,1386,1412]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Male of this species is differentiated from all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF9FD66FFCD2D52EB2E6FA05" authorityName="Selys" authorityYear="1885" box="[832,955,1387,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF9FD66FFCD2D52EB2E6FA05" box="[832,955,1387,1412]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">Protosticta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. from Western Ghats by a combination of: shape of posterior margin of prothorax, distinct bright blue eyes, as well as shape of cerci and peculiar shape of paraprocts. Additionally, it can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF9FD66FFD6CD5F6B2D1FA4D" authorityName="Emiliyamma & Palot" authorityYear="2016" box="[766,908,1458,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF9FD66FFD6CD5F6B2D1FA4D" box="[766,908,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">P. monticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which occupies similar altitudinal zone in the Western Ghats, by presence of extensive yellow markings on S8–9 (dorsum of S8–9 metalic black in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF9FD66FFA92D592B4D6FA71" authorityName="Emiliyamma & Palot" authorityYear="2016" box="[1280,1419,1494,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF9FD66FFA92D592B4D6FA71" box="[1280,1419,1494,1520]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">P. monticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); shape of posterior margin of prothorax and eye coloration (grayish-black above, pale bluish-green at sides and below in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF9FD66FFF77D65AB02DF9B9" authorityName="Emiliyamma & Palot" authorityYear="2016" box="[229,368,1566,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF9FD66FFF77D65AB02DF9B9" box="[229,368,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">P. monticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF9FD66FFF55D607B0B4F949" blockId="24.[151,1437,1350,1916]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">The female of this species is characterized by: a) presence of pair of lateral downwardly directed small finger like projections in the anterior lobe of prothorax, b) an extended posterior lobe of prothorax, posterior border with two extended lateral flaps, c) extent of yellow markings on S7–9, d) coloration of eyes, and e) black spot on trochanters of mid and hind legs.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636EDFF9FD66FFF55D697B279F8FD" blockId="24.[151,1437,1350,1916]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF9FD66FFF55D697B09CF96D" bold="true" box="[199,449,1746,1772]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">Habitat and Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D6EFF9FD66FFE55D696B3D1F96D" authorityName="Joshi & Subramanian & Babu & Sawant & Kunte" authorityYear="2020" box="[455,652,1746,1772]" class="Insecta" family="Platystictidae" genus="Protosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sholai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAFFFF9FD66FFE55D696B3D1F96D" box="[455,652,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">Protosticta sholai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first observed in a small stream running through a shola adjoining a tea garden in Upper Manalar, Meghamalai Wildlife Sanctuary (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF9FD66FFCF9D6B3B291F891" box="[875,972,1782,1808]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1092,1116]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,185,1066]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[151,1436,181,1068]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 23. Maps depicting the known distribution of Protosticta spp. in Western Ghats of India. (a) P. cyanofemora sp. nov., P. myristicaensis sp. nov., P. sholai sp. nov.; (b) P. hearseyi, P. ponmudiensis, P. rufostigma; (c) P. antelopoides, P. gravelyi, P. mortoni; (d) P. davenporti, P. monticola, P. sanguinostigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411717/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">Fig. 23a</figureCitation>
|
||
). The male was perching six to seven feet above the ground on a tree trunk densely covered with moss and lichens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A68FF9FD66FFC56D75FB57EF8B5" box="[964,1059,1818,1844]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[403,1185,181,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[403,1185,181,1935]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 18. Habitats of (a) Protosticta cyanofemora sp. nov.; (b) P. myristicaensis sp. nov.; (c) P. sholai sp. nov. Photos: (a) Raghu Ram, (b) SJ, & (c) KAS." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411707" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411707/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">Fig. 18c</figureCitation>
|
||
). When disturbed, they tend to fly higher and perch on leaf and branch tips. Female continuously wags abdomen at rest.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A2884FFF9FD66FFBD9D77BB5E5F8D9" box="[1099,1208,1854,1880]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were collected from a similar habitat in Iravangalar within the same landscape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |