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<document id="6DF6CEFAE4C43FA9C5B0F47F35E5115A" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4161.1.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4161.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9b4d669b-6350-4020-8edf-4c7b9e8fa5d1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="272238" ID-ZooBank="C2A54ABA-7299-4601-A852-D9B1635443DC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1472798132139" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Popova, Ekaterina V., Petrusek, Adam, Kořínek, Vladimír, Mergeay, Joachim, Bekker, Eugeniya I., Karabanov, Dmitry P., Galimov, Yan R., Neretina, Tatyana V., Taylor, Derek J. &amp; Kotov, Alexey A." docDate="2016" docId="03B087AC512AFF82FF024FBCFDE7F9C7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4161.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4161 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Daphnia similis Claus 1876" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FF89FFD4512CFF88FF95491DFF8BFFC5" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Old World Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis group (Cladocera: Daphniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698383785897" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="00598A6A91DBBDEBCC619F4C5101435E">Revision of the Old World Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis group (Cladocera: Daphniidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ABABAD8898F0098CEEEA3E1CDD53ED57">Petrusek, Adam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C960BA9EF575F82FE38894CA3D3CB2A3">Mergeay, Joachim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="80DC38D138731D7423CC3A1D17B1CE04">Bekker, Eugeniya I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="98852BCA573EB47D250659B4783168A0">Karabanov, Dmitry P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2B05C07D0FF4EEEA2719C2E11C1498E1">Galimov, Yan R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="67F169A99A8C14966D093538D9432943">Neretina, Tatyana V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C21C5EF847D00CDE90D4237F9A86EE3C">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B087AC512AFF82FF024FBCFDE7F9C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5624712" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124409331" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5624712" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B087AC512AFF82FF024FBCFDE7F9C7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B087AC512AFF82FF024FBCFDE7F9C7" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<paragraph id="8BA636BA512AFF8EFF024FBCFE65F97E" blockId="6.[151,494,1697,1757]" box="[151,494,1697,1723]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0EE81D6512AFF8EFF024FBCFE65F97E" bold="true" box="[151,494,1697,1723]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D39512AFF8EFF024FBCFE65F97E" ID-CoL="6CD4Y" authority="Claus, 1876" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,494,1697,1723]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512AFF8EFF024FBCFE65F97E" bold="true" box="[151,494,1697,1723]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512AFF8EFF024FBCFEDDF97E" bold="true" box="[151,342,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Daphnia similis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512AFF8EFEC84FBCFE65F97E" author="Claus" box="[349,494,1697,1723]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Claus, C. (1876) Zur Kenntnis der Organisation und des feineren Baues der Daphniiden und verwandter Cladoceren. Zietschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 27, 362 - 402." type="journal article" year="1876">Claus, 1876</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BA636BA512AFF8EFF024FD9FED7F919" blockId="6.[151,494,1697,1757]" box="[151,348,1732,1757]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
(
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512AFF8EFF0A4FD9FE8FF919" box="[159,260,1732,1757]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="8.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox-0="[193,1373,194,1897]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[176,1401,193,1909]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, parthenogenetic female from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C, rostrum and antenna I, lateral view. D, postabdomen, lateral view. E, postabdominal claw. F, limb I. G, limb V. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A, B – D); 0.1 mm (C, E – G)." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/272240/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 2–3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512AFF8EFE9A4FD9FE96F919" box="[271,285,1732,1756]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,701,723]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,197,676]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,679]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ephippia of Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis from pond near village of Orly, Volgograd Area, European Russia (A – B); D. sinensis from a road-side cattle pool near Stanitsa Petrovskaya, Krasnodar Area, European Russia (C); D. inopinata sp. nov. from a pond in Fröttmaning, München, Germany (D). Scale bar denotes 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272242/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4</figureCitation>
A–B)
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<paragraph id="8BA636BA512AFF8EFF024E11FBD0F885" blockId="6.[151,1436,1804,1856]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D39512AFF8EFF024E11FE31F8E7" ID-CoL="6CD4Y" authority="Claus 1876" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,442,1804,1826]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512AFF8EFF024E11FEB2F8E7" box="[151,313,1804,1826]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Daphnia similis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512AFF8EFED74E11FE31F8E7" author="Claus" box="[322,442,1804,1826]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Claus, C. (1876) Zur Kenntnis der Organisation und des feineren Baues der Daphniiden und verwandter Cladoceren. Zietschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 27, 362 - 402." type="journal article" year="1876">Claus 1876</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 364;
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512AFF8EFD804E11FD22F8E7" author="Flossner" box="[533,681,1804,1826]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Flossner, D. (1972) Krebstiere, Crustacea (Kiemen- und Blattfußer, Branchiopoda, Fischlause, Branchiura). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 60, 1 - 499." type="journal article" year="1972">Flössner 1972</bibRefCitation>
: p. 111–113, figs 49–50;
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512AFF8EFC244E11FBECF8E7" author="Margaritora" box="[945,1127,1804,1826]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Margaritora, F. G. (1985) Cladocera. Fauna d'ltalia. Vol. 23. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 399 pp." type="book" year="1985">Margaritora 1985</bibRefCitation>
: p. 114–116, fig. 48;
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512AFF8EFAD34E11FF75F885" author="Flossner" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Flossner, D. (2000) Die Haplopoda und Cladocera (ohne Bosminidae) Mitteleuropas. Backhuys, Leiden, 428 pp." type="book" year="2000">Flössner 2000</bibRefCitation>
: p. 138–140, fig. 52;
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512AFF8EFE404E37FDD1F885" author="Alonso" box="[469,602,1834,1856]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Alonso, M. (1996) Crustacea, Branchiopoda. Fauna Iberica 7. Crustacea Branchiopoda. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid, 486 pp." type="book" year="1996">Alonso 1996</bibRefCitation>
: p. 165–166, fig. 73;
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512AFF8EFCA74E37FC3AF885" author="Hudec" box="[818,945,1834,1856]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Hudec, I. (2010) Anomopoda, Ctenopoda, Haplopoda, Onychopoda (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Fauna Slovenska III. VEDA, Bratislava. 496 pp." type="book" year="2010">Hudec 2010</bibRefCitation>
: p. 84–87, fig. 8.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<materialsCitation id="3B713CE7512AFF8EFF024E70FED0F86F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1302840030" country="Israel" latitude="31.7781" location="Jerusalem" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="35.2206" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jerusalem" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54A28818512AFF8EFF024E70FF59F843" box="[151,210,1901,1926]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
Pool of Gihon (presently known as Birket Mamilla or Mamilla Pool,
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;
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),
<collectingRegion id="49DDF858512AFF8EFF024E8CFE81F86F" box="[151,266,1937,1962]" country="Israel" name="Jerusalem" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Jerusalem</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A512AFF8EFE804E8CFEDCF86F" box="[277,343,1937,1962]" name="Israel" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Israel</collectingCountry>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636BA512AFF8FFF524EA8FDBCFEA2" blockId="6.[151,1436,1901,2034]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,2031]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512AFF8EFF524EA8FED1F80B" author="Claus" box="[199,346,1973,1998]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Claus, C. (1876) Zur Kenntnis der Organisation und des feineren Baues der Daphniiden und verwandter Cladoceren. Zietschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 27, 362 - 402." type="journal article" year="1876">Claus (1876)</bibRefCitation>
specifically writes at the beginning of his paper that the mud came from the same place as
<taxonomicName id="4C194D39512AFF8EFA144EABFF75F834" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atkinsoni">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512AFF8EFA144EABFF75F834" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">D. atkinsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described by
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512AFF8EFE354EC4FDB9F837" author="Baird" box="[416,562,2009,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Baird, W. (1859) Description of several species of Entomostraceous Crustacea from Jerusalem. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 4, 280 - 283." type="journal article" year="1859">
Baird (1859
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512AFF8EFDBC4EC4FDB9F837" bold="true" box="[553,562,2009,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">)</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
who writes about mud from “pool of Gihon in
<collectingRegion id="49DDF858512AFF8EFBCF4EC4FB47F837" box="[1114,1228,2009,2034]" country="Israel" name="Jerusalem" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Jerusalem</collectingRegion>
”.
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512AFF8EFB734EC4FA17F837" author="Bromley" box="[1254,1436,2009,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Bromley, H. J. (1993) A checklist of the Cladocera of Israel and Eastern Sinai. Hydrobiologia, 257, 21 - 28. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00013993" type="journal article" year="1993">
Bromley
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512AFF8EFAC44EC4FAD1F837" bold="true" box="[1361,1370,2009,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">(</emphasis>
1993
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512AFF8EFA064EC4FA17F837" bold="true" box="[1427,1436,2009,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">)</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
matches the old and present names: “It should be pointed out that Birket Mamilla,
<collectingRegion id="49DDF858512BFF8FFBD8498AFB36FF75" box="[1101,1213,151,176]" country="Israel" name="Jerusalem" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Jerusalem</collectingRegion>
(also known as the Gihon Pool) is the
<typeStatus id="54A28818512BFF8FFEE349A0FE2DFF10" box="[374,422,189,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
locality of several Entomostracan species, including two cladocerans, namely,
<taxonomicName id="4C194D39512BFF8FFAAF49A1FE28FF3D" authority="Baird, 1859" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1859" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atkinsoni">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFAAF49A1FF75FF3D" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Daphnia atkinsoni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512BFF8FFE8549C2FE11FF3D" author="Baird" box="[272,410,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Baird, W. (1859) Description of several species of Entomostraceous Crustacea from Jerusalem. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 4, 280 - 283." type="journal article" year="1859">Baird, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C194D39512BFF8FFE7549FDFCCBFF3D" authority="Claus, 1876" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1876" box="[480,832,223,248]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFE7549FDFD1DFF3D" box="[480,662,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Daphnia similis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512BFF8FFD3C49C2FCB3FF3D" author="Claus" box="[681,824,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Claus, C. (1876) Zur Kenntnis der Organisation und des feineren Baues der Daphniiden und verwandter Cladoceren. Zietschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 27, 362 - 402." type="journal article" year="1876">Claus, 1876</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In recent years, however,
<taxonomicName id="4C194D39512BFF8FFBEB49FCFB66FF3D" box="[1150,1261,224,248]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFBEB49FCFB66FF3D" box="[1150,1261,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">D. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to have disappeared from this pool”. Birket Mamilla is a well identifiable place, a large ancient cistern, now in the city centre but in the 19th century several hundred meters away from the city walls. AP sampled this locality couple of times, but no
<taxonomicName id="4C194D39512BFF8FFEBA4852FE1AFEA2" box="[303,401,335,359]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFEBA4852FE1AFEA2" box="[303,401,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Daphnia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636BA512BFF8FFF52486FFEDCFE16" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFF52486FFEFDFE4E" bold="true" box="[199,374,370,395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<typeStatus id="54A28818512BFF8FFF52486FFE89FE4E" box="[199,258,370,395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
Lost. It was initially deposited to the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna University (
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512BFF8FFAD7486FFF58FE6A" author="Richard" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Richard, J. (1896) Revision des Cladoceres. Deuxieme Partie. Anomopoda. Famille III. - Daphnidae. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, Serie 8, 2, 187 - 363." type="journal article" year="1896">Richard 1896</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B512BFF8FFF77488BFEFBFE6A" author="Hudec" box="[226,368,406,431]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Hudec, I. (1991) A comparison of populations from the Daphnia similis group (Cladocera: Daphniidae). Hydrobiologia, 225, 9 - 22. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00028381" type="journal article" year="1991">Hudec 1991</bibRefCitation>
), but any samples of C. Claus are absent in this collection now (P.C. Dworschak, personal communication).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636BA512BFF8FFF5248C3FB85FDA6" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<materialsCitation id="3B713CE7512BFF8FFF5248C3FA1DFDDE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1302840033" collectingDate="2004-01-29" collectingDateMax="2008-01-28" collectingDateMin="2004-01-29" collectorName="Tel Ashdod &amp; A. Petrusek. Mashkena &amp; Tiberias &amp; A. Petrusek. Populations &amp; Table" country="Israel" elevation="200" location="Material" municipality="Flooded" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFF5248C3FE59FE32" bold="true" box="[199,466,478,503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<location id="8EC66061512BFF8FFF5248C3FEA4FE32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B087AC512AFF82FF024FBCFDE7F9C7:8EC66061512BFF8FFF5248C3FEA4FE32" box="[199,303,478,503]" country="Israel" municipality="Flooded" name="Material" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Material</location>
studied here.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFE4F48C2FDA8FE32" box="[474,547,479,503]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A512BFF8FFE4F48C2FD94FE32" box="[474,543,479,503]" name="Israel" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Israel</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC2ACC0512BFF8FFDBE48C3FD0CFE32" box="[555,647,478,503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Flooded</collectingMunicipality>
field near
<collectorName id="26EC536C512BFF8FFC9648C3FC03FE32" box="[771,904,478,503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tel Ashdod</collectorName>
, coll. in
<date id="FFA7107A512BFF8FFC7948C2FBE1FE32" box="[1004,1130,479,503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2004-01-29">
<collectingDate id="EFE3E992512BFF8FFC7948C2FBE1FE32" box="[1004,1130,479,503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2004-01-29">29.01.2004</collectingDate>
</date>
by
<collectorName id="26EC536C512BFF8FFB0348C2FA17FE32" box="[1174,1436,478,503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. Petrusek. Mashkena</collectorName>
pool,
<elevation id="0034D189512BFF8FFF424B1EFE94FDDF" box="[215,287,515,539]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="200.0">
<quantity id="4CE19B5F512BFF8FFF424B1EFE94FDDF" box="[215,287,515,539]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
</elevation>
N. of Golani crossing, W. of
<collectorName id="26EC536C512BFF8FFDF84B1FFD40FDDE" box="[621,715,514,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tiberias</collectorName>
, coll. in
<collectingDate id="EFE3E992512BFF8FFCB94B1EFC21FDDE" box="[812,938,515,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-01-28">
<date id="FFA7107A512BFF8FFCB94B1EFC21FDDE" box="[812,938,515,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-01-28">28.01.2008</date>
</collectingDate>
by
<collectorName id="26EC536C512BFF8FFC404B1EFB60FDDE" box="[981,1259,514,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. Petrusek. Populations</collectorName>
<quantity id="4CE19B5F512BFF8FFB664B1EFAB1FDDE" box="[1267,1338,514,539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="7.62" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 in</quantity>
<tableCitation id="C69B0301512BFF8FFAD74B1FFA1DFDDE" box="[1346,1430,514,539]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[125,201,510,530]" captionTargetBox="[128,1853,606,1004]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. List of samples and / or sequences included in molecular analyses in this study, with the GenBank accession numbers." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF666632512FFF8BFFE848E3FA8BFDD7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF666632512FFF8BFFE848E3FA8BFDD7">
<collectorName id="26EC536C512BFF8FFAD74B1FFA0BFDDE" box="[1346,1408,514,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Table</collectorName>
1
</tableCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFF024B3AFF55FDFB" box="[151,222,551,574]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Spain.</emphasis>
Population
<quantity id="4CE19B5F512BFF8FFEFB4B35FE15FDFA" box="[366,414,550,575]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
<tableCitation id="C69B0301512BFF8FFE3C4B3BFD89FDFA" box="[425,514,550,575]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[125,201,510,530]" captionTargetBox="[128,1853,606,1004]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. List of samples and / or sequences included in molecular analyses in this study, with the GenBank accession numbers." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF666632512FFF8BFFE848E3FA8BFDD7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF666632512FFF8BFFE848E3FA8BFDD7">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFD814B35FDF6FDFA" box="[532,637,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Hungary.</emphasis>
Population
<quantity id="4CE19B5F512BFF8FFC984B3BFCB6FDFA" box="[781,829,550,575]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
<tableCitation id="C69B0301512BFF8FFCDD4B3BFC2AFDFA" box="[840,929,550,575]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[125,201,510,530]" captionTargetBox="[128,1853,606,1004]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. List of samples and / or sequences included in molecular analyses in this study, with the GenBank accession numbers." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF666632512FFF8BFFE848E3FA8BFDD7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF666632512FFF8BFFE848E3FA8BFDD7">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B713CE7512BFF8FFC264B3AFE68FDA6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1302840051" collectingDate="1956-10-10" collectorName="Samorin &amp; M. Vranovsky" country="Slovakia" location="Shallow" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFC264B3AFB90FDFA" box="[947,1051,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A512BFF8FFC264B3AFB9CFDFA" box="[947,1047,551,575]" name="Slovakia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<location id="8EC66061512BFF8FFBB34B3BFB09FDFA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B087AC512AFF82FF024FBCFDE7F9C7:8EC66061512BFF8FFBB34B3BFB09FDFA" box="[1062,1154,550,575]" country="Slovakia" name="Shallow" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Shallow</location>
ditch,
<collectorName id="26EC536C512BFF8FFB4D4B3BFAB1FDFA" box="[1240,1338,550,575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Šamorín</collectorName>
, coll. in
<collectingDate id="EFE3E992512BFF8FFF024B57FE9FFDA6" box="[151,276,586,611]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1956-10-10">
<date id="FFA7107A512BFF8FFF024B57FE9FFDA6" box="[151,276,586,611]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1956-10-10">10.10.1956</date>
</collectingDate>
by
<collectorName id="26EC536C512BFF8FFEAA4B56FE68FDA6" box="[319,483,586,611]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">M. Vranovský</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFE784B56FD4DFDA7" box="[493,710,587,610]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Russia (European).</emphasis>
Populations
<quantity id="4CE19B5F512BFF8FFCCD4B56FC26FDA6" box="[856,941,586,611]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 in</quantity>
<tableCitation id="C69B0301512BFF8FFC214B57FB8CFDA6" box="[948,1031,586,611]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[125,201,510,530]" captionTargetBox="[128,1853,606,1004]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. List of samples and / or sequences included in molecular analyses in this study, with the GenBank accession numbers." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF666632512FFF8BFFE848E3FA8BFDD7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF666632512FFF8BFFE848E3FA8BFDD7">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3036531512BFF8FFF524B73FD7EFAB5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA636BA512BFF8FFF524B73FEEFFB5E" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFF524B73FD3FFD42" bold="true" box="[199,692,622,647]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Short diagnosis. Parthenogenetic female.</emphasis>
Body subovoid, body depth/length (without shell spine) = 0.61– 0.71, caudal spine relatively short, no distinct depression between head and rest of body (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFB194B8FFB5BFD6F" box="[1164,1232,658,683]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[193,1373,194,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[176,1401,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, parthenogenetic female from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C, rostrum and antenna I, lateral view. D, postabdomen, lateral view. E, postabdominal claw. F, limb I. G, limb V. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A, B – D); 0.1 mm (C, E – G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272240/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A). Rostrum short and rounded, posterior margin of head slightly convex, a small pre-rostral fold near base of labrum; ventral margin of head without pre-ocular and post-ocular depressions, eye capsule located below the level of anteriormost point of head; ocellus present (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFE564BE1FD80FCD0" box="[451,523,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[193,1373,194,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[176,1401,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, parthenogenetic female from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C, rostrum and antenna I, lateral view. D, postabdomen, lateral view. E, postabdominal claw. F, limb I. G, limb V. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A, B – D); 0.1 mm (C, E – G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272240/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B–C). Headshield with slightly projected, rounded fornices, a projection from valves penetrates to about 1/2 of headshield length. First abdominal segment with a relatively long (longer than postabdominal claw) process, slightly bent anterior; second segment with a smaller process (shorter than postabdominal claw), third segment with a low, mound-like process; fourth segment lacking a process (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFAA64A7BFAF2FCBA" box="[1331,1401,870,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[193,1373,194,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[176,1401,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, parthenogenetic female from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C, rostrum and antenna I, lateral view. D, postabdomen, lateral view. E, postabdominal claw. F, limb I. G, limb V. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A, B – D); 0.1 mm (C, E – G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272240/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
D). Preanal angle of postabdomen not expressed, postanal angle not expressed. On outer side of postabdominal claw, first and second (proximal) pectens consisting of relatively strong teeth, each approximately two times shorter than claw diameter; third pecten consisting of numerous fine setules not reaching the tip of claw (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFB5B4ACCFA9FFC2F" box="[1230,1300,977,1002]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[193,1373,194,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[176,1401,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, parthenogenetic female from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C, rostrum and antenna I, lateral view. D, postabdomen, lateral view. E, postabdominal claw. F, limb I. G, limb V. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A, B – D); 0.1 mm (C, E – G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272240/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E). Body of antenna I well-developed, tips of aesthetascs not projected beyond tip of rostrum, antennular sensory seta arise from base of mound of the antenna I and reaching tip of mound (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFCFA4D05FC39FBF4" box="[879,946,1048,1073]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[193,1373,194,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[176,1401,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, parthenogenetic female from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C, rostrum and antenna I, lateral view. D, postabdomen, lateral view. E, postabdominal claw. F, limb I. G, limb V. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A, B – D); 0.1 mm (C, E – G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272240/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
C). On limb I setae 1–3 long (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFA944D05FACFFBF4" box="[1281,1348,1048,1073]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[193,1373,194,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[176,1401,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, parthenogenetic female from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C, rostrum and antenna I, lateral view. D, postabdomen, lateral view. E, postabdominal claw. F, limb I. G, limb V. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A, B – D); 0.1 mm (C, E – G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272240/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
F: 1–3), bear short setules, seta 4 shorter than the former, with short setules (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFC0E4D26FC54FB91" box="[923,991,1083,1108]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[193,1373,194,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[176,1401,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, parthenogenetic female from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C, rostrum and antenna I, lateral view. D, postabdomen, lateral view. E, postabdominal claw. F, limb I. G, limb V. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A, B – D); 0.1 mm (C, E – G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272240/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
F: 4). Limb II–IV as in other species of this group. Limb V with exopodite supplied with single small distal setae (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFC714D42FBA3FBB2" box="[996,1064,1119,1144]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[193,1373,194,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[176,1401,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, parthenogenetic female from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C, rostrum and antenna I, lateral view. D, postabdomen, lateral view. E, postabdominal claw. F, limb I. G, limb V. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A, B – D); 0.1 mm (C, E – G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272240/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
G: dis) and a long, curved lateral seta (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFF474D9FFE9EFB5E" box="[210,277,1154,1179]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[193,1373,194,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[176,1401,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, parthenogenetic female from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C, rostrum and antenna I, lateral view. D, postabdomen, lateral view. E, postabdominal claw. F, limb I. G, limb V. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A, B – D); 0.1 mm (C, E – G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272240/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
G: lat).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636BA512BFF8FFF524DBBFD7EFAB5" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFF524DBBFEDEFB7A" bold="true" box="[199,341,1190,1215]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ephippium.</emphasis>
Old ephippium &quot;O&quot;-shaped (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFD0E4DBBFD55FB7A" box="[667,734,1190,1215]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,701,723]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,197,676]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,679]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ephippia of Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis from pond near village of Orly, Volgograd Area, European Russia (A – B); D. sinensis from a road-side cattle pool near Stanitsa Petrovskaya, Krasnodar Area, European Russia (C); D. inopinata sp. nov. from a pond in Fröttmaning, München, Germany (D). Scale bar denotes 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272242/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A), because its anterior margin is regularly convex. Initially (in a very fresh moulting exuvium of the ephippial female), the whole bivalved carapace integument is kept, then the ventral portion of valve rejected, but a delicate anterior portion kept, and imparting a “D” shape to the ephippium (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFF0A4C0DFF6FFAEC" box="[159,228,1296,1321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,701,723]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,197,676]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,679]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ephippia of Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis from pond near village of Orly, Volgograd Area, European Russia (A – B); D. sinensis from a road-side cattle pool near Stanitsa Petrovskaya, Krasnodar Area, European Russia (C); D. inopinata sp. nov. from a pond in Fröttmaning, München, Germany (D). Scale bar denotes 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272242/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B). Note that in non-fresh ephippia this anterior portion is normally lost. Ephippium contains two eggs with axis located at a very acute angle to dorsal margin, anterior process relatively short, postero-dorsal portion of valves (with shell spine) incorporated into ephippium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3036531512BFF82FF524C66FF6BFC58" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA636BA512BFF8FFF524C66FC55F82A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA8512BFF8FFF524C66FED9FA51" bold="true" box="[199,338,1403,1428]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Adult male.</emphasis>
Body elongated, body depth/length (without shell spine) = 0.48–0.59, rectangular-rounded, dorsal margin of valves almost straight, very slightly elevated above head, no distinct depression between head and valves, postero-dorsal angle distinct, with a long caudal spine. Anterior part of the ventral margin densely covered by relatively long setae with a projection and an adjacent depression (slight) (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFB8C4CF8FBD6FA3B" box="[1049,1117,1509,1534]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A). Head with a very short, rounded rostrum, lacking both pre-ocular and post-ocular depression. Compound eye modest in diameter, does not occupy all anterior part of head (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFD934F31FDC2F980" box="[518,585,1580,1605]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B). Abdomen without processes on each of its segments. Postabdomen with distal portion as a short tube, dorsal margin depressed in preanal region, gonopore (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFB1F4F52FB5AF9AD" box="[1162,1233,1615,1640]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
E–G: gnp) opens subdistally, on a reduced genital papilla. Anal teeth (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFD6E4F6EFCB4F949" box="[763,831,1651,1676]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
E–F: at) not reduced, as in female. On outer side of postabdominal claw, the first and second (proximal) pectens consisting of relatively strong teeth, longest teeth only somewhat shorter than claw diameter; third pecten consisting of numerous fine setules not reaching tip of claw (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFF0A4FC0FF6EF933" box="[159,229,1757,1782]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 3</figureCitation>
E–G). Antenna I long, with a bunch of small denticles distally, antennular sensory seta thin, located distally on end of antenna I body; flagellum long, bisegmented, its distal segment setulated (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFBC54E1CFB19F8DC" box="[1104,1170,1793,1818]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B–D). Outer distal lobe (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFF0A4E39FF6FF8F8" box="[159,228,1828,1853]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
H: ODL) with a long seta and a rudimentary seta, inner distal lobe (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFC694E39FBCAF8F8" box="[1020,1089,1828,1853]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
H: IDL) of limb I with a bent copulatory hook having a narrowing tip, and two setae of very different size (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFB854E55FBDFF8A5" box="[1040,1108,1864,1889]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
H: 1 and 1'); additional male seta (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFF474E76FE9FF841" box="[210,276,1899,1924]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
H: 2') on endite 4; anterior setae 2, 3 and 4 smaller that these in female and supplied with longer setules (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFF0A4E92FF6AF86D" box="[159,225,1935,1960]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
H: 2–4); posterior setae on endites 4–3 (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFD0B4E92FD6BF86D" box="[670,736,1935,1960]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
H: a–d) as in female, those on endite 2 somewhat shorther than in female (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFE844EAFFEDFF80E" box="[273,340,1970,1995]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
H: e–h). On distalmost endite of limb II, anterior seta straight and asymmetrically setulated (
<figureCitation id="13222A3F512BFF8FFAFA4EAFFF2DF82B" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,193,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similis, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C – D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E – F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B – I)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Fig.
<date id="FFA7107A512BFF8FFF024ECBFF2DF82B" box="[151,166,2006,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3</date>
</figureCitation>
I: 1). Limb V without additional small seta on distal portion of exopodite.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6666325124FF80FF024E87FD38F828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272240/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[193,1373,194,1897]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BA636BA5124FF80FF024E87FD38F828" blockId="8.[151,1436,1946,2029]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85124FF80FF024E87FE99F86A" bold="true" box="[151,274,1946,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395124FF80FE8D4E87FDD4F875" box="[280,607,1946,1968]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" subGenus="Ctenodaphnia">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85124FF80FE8D4E87FEFAF875" box="[280,369,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Daphnia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85124FF80FEEA4E87FD85F875" box="[383,526,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ctenodaphnia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85124FF80FD884E87FDD4F875" box="[541,607,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, parthenogenetic female from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C, rostrum and antenna I, lateral view. D, postabdomen, lateral view. E, postabdominal claw. F, limb I. G, limb V. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A, B–D); 0.1 mm (C, E–G).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6666325125FF81FF024E26FB53F84A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272241/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[158,1422,206,1811]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BA636BA5125FF81FF024E26FB53F84A" blockId="9.[151,1436,1851,1935]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85125FF81FF024E26FE99F895" bold="true" box="[151,274,1851,1873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395125FF81FE8D4E26FDD4F894" box="[280,607,1851,1873]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" subGenus="Ctenodaphnia">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85125FF81FE8D4E26FEFAF894" box="[280,369,1851,1873]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Daphnia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85125FF81FEEA4E26FD85F894" box="[383,526,1851,1873]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ctenodaphnia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85125FF81FD884E26FDD4F894" box="[541,607,1851,1873]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, adult male from Kholon, Israel. A, large adult, lateral view. B, head, lateral view. C–D, antenna I and antero-ventral angle of its body. E–F, postabdomen, lateral view. G, postabdominal claw. H, limb I. I, limb II, stiff (anterior) and soft (posterior) setae of distalmost endite. Scale bar denotes 1 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B–I).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6666325126FF82FF024BA0FB86FCD5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272242/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[157,1431,197,676]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BA636BA5126FF82FF024BA0FB86FCD5" blockId="10.[151,1436,701,784]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FF024BA0FE9FFD17" bold="true" box="[151,276,701,723]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Ephippia of
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FE084BA0FD62FD16" box="[413,745,701,723]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" subGenus="Ctenodaphnia">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FE084BA0FE7DFD16" box="[413,502,701,723]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Daphnia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FD934BA0FD1EFD16" box="[518,661,701,723]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ctenodaphnia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FD324BA0FD62FD16" box="[679,745,701,723]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from pond near village of Orly, Volgograd Area, European Russia (A–B);
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FF704BC1FEDFFD34" box="[229,340,732,753]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FF704BC1FEDFFD34" box="[229,340,732,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from a road-side cattle pool near Stanitsa Petrovskaya, Krasnodar Area, European Russia (C);
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FA894BC1FA17FD34" box="[1308,1436,732,753]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FA894BC1FA17FD34" box="[1308,1436,732,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. inopinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57D35126FF82FF024BE7FF6CFCD5" box="[151,231,762,784]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FF024BE7FF6AFCCA" bold="true" box="[151,225,762,783]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
from a pond in Fröttmaning, München, Germany (D). Scale bar denotes 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA636BA5126FF82FF524A21FF6BFC58" blockId="10.[151,1436,828,1538]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FF524A21FF75FC90" bold="true" box="[199,254,828,853]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Size.</emphasis>
Females up to
<quantity id="4CE19B5F5126FF82FE3F4A21FD85FC90" box="[426,526,828,853]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.57" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="2.57">2.57 mm</quantity>
in our material (up to
<quantity id="4CE19B5F5126FF82FC9F4A20FCEBFC90" box="[778,864,829,853]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
according to
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FC6F4A21FB10FC90" author="Flossner" box="[1018,1179,828,853]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Flossner, D. (1972) Krebstiere, Crustacea (Kiemen- und Blattfußer, Branchiopoda, Fischlause, Branchiura). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 60, 1 - 499." type="journal article" year="1972">Flössner 1972</bibRefCitation>
, up to
<quantity id="4CE19B5F5126FF82FB734A20FAACFC90" box="[1254,1319,829,853]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
according to
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FF204A7CFEC9FCBC" author="Hudec" box="[181,322,865,890]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Hudec, I. (2010) Anomopoda, Ctenopoda, Haplopoda, Onychopoda (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Fauna Slovenska III. VEDA, Bratislava. 496 pp." type="book" year="2010">Hudec 2010</bibRefCitation>
), adult males
<quantity id="4CE19B5F5126FF82FE754A7CFD0EFCBC" box="[480,645,865,890]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" metricValueMax="1.57" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.42" valueMax="1.57" valueMin="1.27">1.27–1.57 mm</quantity>
in our material (up to
<quantity id="4CE19B5F5126FF82FC1D4A7CFC54FCBC" box="[904,991,865,889]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
according to
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FBEE4A7CFA91FCBC" author="Flossner" box="[1147,1306,865,890]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Flossner, D. (1972) Krebstiere, Crustacea (Kiemen- und Blattfußer, Branchiopoda, Fischlause, Branchiura). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 60, 1 - 499." type="journal article" year="1972">Flössner 1972</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FAC64A7CFF5FFC58" author="Hudec" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Hudec, I. (2010) Anomopoda, Ctenopoda, Haplopoda, Onychopoda (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Fauna Slovenska III. VEDA, Bratislava. 496 pp." type="book" year="2010">Hudec 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30365315126FF82FF524AB4FDE7F9C7" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA636BA5126FF82FF524AB4FE0AFB27" blockId="10.[151,1436,828,1538]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FF524AB4FEEBFC07" bold="true" box="[199,352,937,962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FEFE4AB7FE50FC04" box="[363,475,937,961]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FEFE4AB7FE50FC04" box="[363,475,937,961]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as revealed by genetic markers, is present in
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FB914AB4FBCEFC07" box="[1028,1093,937,962]" name="Israel" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Israel</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FBC14AB4FB1CFC07" box="[1108,1175,937,962]" name="Spain" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Spain</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FB334AB7FA82FC07" box="[1190,1289,938,962]" name="Hungary" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Hungary</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FA8D4AB4FAE3FC07" box="[1304,1384,937,962]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Turkey</collectingCountry>
and European
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FE994AD0FED1FC23" box="[268,346,973,998]" name="Russia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Russia</collectingCountry>
. We also identified this species based on male characters in the populations from
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FA874AD0FAF3FC23" box="[1298,1400,973,998]" name="Slovakia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
. In Europe
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FF654AEFFED6FBCC" box="[240,349,1009,1033]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FF654AEFFED6FBCC" box="[240,349,1009,1033]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is limited to warmer areas, it was reported to be common for example in the Balkan Peninsula,
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FF024D0BFF72FBEB" box="[151,249,1046,1070]" name="Hungary" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Hungary</collectingCountry>
or
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FE8A4D08FE0AFBEB" box="[287,385,1045,1070]" name="Slovakia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FE054D08FDBCFBE8" author="Petrusek" box="[400,567,1045,1070]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Petrusek, A. (2003) The population of the Daphnia similis species complex in Germany after 110 years - a new case of species introduction? Senckenbergiana Biologica, 82, 11 - 14." type="journal article" year="2003">Petrusek 2003</bibRefCitation>
). There were a few old records of daphniids which could belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FAA54D0BFA17FBE8" box="[1328,1436,1045,1069]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FAA54D0BFA17FBE8" box="[1328,1436,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FF414D24FEB7FB94" box="[212,316,1081,1105]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
in the 19th century, but during whole 20th century no investigator reported
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FB134D27FB7BFB94" box="[1158,1264,1081,1105]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FB134D27FB7BFB94" box="[1158,1264,1081,1105]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FAA14D24FA17FB94" box="[1332,1436,1081,1105]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FF0B4D40FECCFBB0" author="Petrusek" box="[158,327,1117,1142]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Petrusek, A. (2003) The population of the Daphnia similis species complex in Germany after 110 years - a new case of species introduction? Senckenbergiana Biologica, 82, 11 - 14." type="journal article" year="2003">Petrusek 2003</bibRefCitation>
). A recently discovered population in the vicinity of Munich belongs to another species,
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FADE4D43FE88FB5C" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinata" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Ctenodaphnia">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FADE4D43FAEDFBB0" box="[1355,1382,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FAEC4D40FA18FBB1" box="[1401,1427,1117,1140]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FF024D9FFE88FB5C" box="[151,259,1154,1177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">inopinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57D35126FF82FE9B4D9CFEE0FB5C" box="[270,363,1153,1178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FE9B4D9CFEEEFB5F" bold="true" box="[270,357,1153,1178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, see below. In European
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FD0B4D9CFD67FB5F" box="[670,748,1153,1178]" name="Russia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Russia</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FD694D9FFCE7FB5C" box="[764,876,1153,1177]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FD694D9FFCE7FB5C" box="[764,876,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is present up to 51ºN (
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8585126FF82FB1C4D9CFB6BFB5C" box="[1161,1248,1153,1177]" country="Russia" name="Saratov" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Saratov</collectingRegion>
Area of
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FAC44D9CFA17FB5F" box="[1361,1436,1153,1178]" name="Russia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Russia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FF0B4DB8FD1EFB7B" author="Yevdokimov" box="[158,661,1189,1214]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Yevdokimov, N. A. &amp; Yermokhin, M. V. (2009) Zooplankton crustaceans of ephemeral waterbodies on the territory of various natural zones in Saratov oblast. Inland Water Biology, 2 (1), 59 - 66. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1134 / S 199508290901009 X" type="journal article" year="2009">Yevdokimov &amp; Yermokhin 2009; this study</bibRefCitation>
). A record of
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FCA14DBBFC2BFB78" box="[820,928,1189,1213]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FCA14DBBFC2BFB78" box="[820,928,1189,1213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8585126FF82FB874DB8FB0EFB7B" box="[1042,1157,1189,1214]" country="Russia" name="Leningrad" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Leningrad</collectingRegion>
Area (
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FB464DB8FAD4FB78" author="Hudec" box="[1235,1375,1189,1214]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Hudec, I. (1991) A comparison of populations from the Daphnia similis group (Cladocera: Daphniidae). Hydrobiologia, 225, 9 - 22. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00028381" type="journal article" year="1991">Hudec 1991</bibRefCitation>
) was apparently mistaken.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636BA5126FF82FF524DF0FDE7F9C7" blockId="10.[151,1436,828,1538]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
The eastern range limit of
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FE784DF3FDD3FAC0" box="[493,600,1261,1285]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FE784DF3FDD3FAC0" box="[493,600,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57D35126FF82FDCA4DF3FD18FAC0" box="[607,659,1262,1285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" sensu="stricto">s.str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in Eurasia is poorly studied.
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FC4C4DF0FB1BFAC3" author="Glagolev" box="[985,1168,1261,1286]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Glagolev, S. M. (1995) Genus Daphnia. In: Alekseev, V. R. (Ed.), A key-book of the freshwater invertebrates of Russia and it vicinity. 2. Crustacea. ZIN RAS, St. Petersburg, pp. 48 - 58. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1995">Glagolev (1995)</bibRefCitation>
confirmed the presence of
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FF204C0FFEAAFAEC" box="[181,289,1297,1321]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FF204C0FFEAAFAEC" box="[181,289,1297,1321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57D35126FF82FEBC4C0CFED5FAEF" box="[297,350,1297,1322]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" sensu="lato">s.lat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in Siberia up to the vicinity of
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8585126FF82FD554C0CFCC6FAEF" box="[704,845,1297,1322]" country="Russia" name="Krasnoyarsk" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Krasnoyarsk</collectingRegion>
in the North, up to 56 ºN, but according to our data, northernmost limit of
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FE054C2BFE77FA88" box="[400,508,1333,1357]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FE054C2BFE77FA88" box="[400,508,1333,1357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57D35126FF82FD914C28FDB3FA8B" box="[516,568,1333,1358]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" sensu="lato">s.lat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
distribution in Asia is about 54°N:
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8585126FF82FC584C28FBDDFA8B" box="[973,1110,1333,1358]" country="Russia" name="Novosibirsk" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Novosibirsk</collectingRegion>
Area in
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8585126FF82FB2F4C2BFA9EFA88" box="[1210,1301,1334,1357]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Western" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Western</collectingRegion>
Siberia and Baikal region in
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8585126FF82FEC34C47FE21FAB4" box="[342,426,1370,1393]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Eastern" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Eastern</collectingRegion>
Siberia, see
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FDA84C44FC8EFAB4" author="Sheveleva" box="[573,773,1369,1394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Sheveleva, N. G. (2007) Diversity and distribution of species of the genus Daphnia in water bodies of Central and North Asia. In: Smirnov, N. N., Korobchinsky, N. M. &amp; Krylov, A. V. (Eds.), Cladocerans: Taxonomy and biology. Vektor TiS Publishing, Nizhni Novgorod, pp. 360 - 364." type="book chapter" year="2007">Sheveleva (2007)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FC874C44FC66FAB4" author="Yermolaeva" box="[786,1005,1369,1394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Yermolaeva, N. I. (2010) Peculiarities of zooplankton distribution in lakes with different mineralization distribution in Barabinsko-Kulundinskaya Lake Province (South of Western Siberia). In: Krylov, A. V., Rivier, I. K. &amp; Scherbina, G. H. (Eds.), Ekologiya vodnikh bespozvonochnikh. Printhaus Publishing, Yaroslavl, pp. 90 - 93." type="book chapter" year="2010">Yermolaeva (2010)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FC6F4C44FAC4FAB4" author="Semenova" box="[1018,1359,1369,1394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Semenova, L. A. &amp; Aleksjuk, V. A. (2010) Zooplankton of lower Ob River. Vestnik Ekologii, Lesovedenija I Landshaftovedenija, 10, 156 - 169." type="journal article" year="2010">Semenova &amp; Aleksjuk (2010)</bibRefCitation>
, in the latter paper it was misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FDBF4C63FD26FA50" box="[554,685,1406,1429]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinata">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FDBF4C63FD26FA50" box="[554,685,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. carinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. But populations from
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8585126FF82FC2C4C63FB9FFA50" box="[953,1044,1406,1429]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Western" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Western</collectingRegion>
Siberia need to be verified i.e. by morphological examination of the males as they could belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FCF34CBFFC6AFA7C" box="[870,993,1442,1465]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FCF34CBFFC6AFA7C" box="[870,993,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Populations from
<collectingRegion id="49DDF8585126FF82FB204CBFFA82FA7C" box="[1205,1289,1442,1465]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Eastern" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Eastern</collectingRegion>
Siberia most probably belong to the latter taxon.
<taxonomicName id="4C194D395126FF82FDB04CDBFD1BFA18" box="[549,656,1477,1501]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FDB04CDBFD1BFA18" box="[549,656,1477,1501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57D35126FF82FD024CDBFD40FA18" box="[663,715,1478,1501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" sensu="stricto">s.str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
seems absent in the Far East of Asia and in eastern and southern
<collectingCountry id="F30E762A5126FF82FF024CF4FF51F9C7" box="[151,218,1513,1538]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">China</collectingCountry>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FE804CF4FE38F9C4" author="Gu" box="[277,435,1513,1537]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Gu, Y. L., Xu, L., Li, Q. Q., Dumont, H. J. &amp; Han, B. P. (2013) A new subspecies of Daphnia: Daphnia similoides sinensis. Ecological Science, 32, 308 - 312." type="journal article" year="2013">
Gu
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FEAB4CF1FEFAF9C4" box="[318,369,1515,1537]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B4B5126FF82FE284CF7FDEAF9C7" author="Ma" box="[445,609,1513,1538]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Ma, X., Wolinska, J., Petrusek, A., Giesler, G., Hu, W. &amp; Yin, M. (2016) The phenotypic plasticity in Chinese populations of Daphnia similoides sinensis: recurvate helmeted forms are associated with the presence of predators. Journal of Plankton Research, http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / plankt / fbw 031" type="book" year="2016">
Ma
<emphasis id="B96DEAA85126FF82FE7F4CF1FD96F9C4" box="[490,541,1515,1537]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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