treatments-xml/data/03/A7/87/03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C.xml

<document id="8C14BFAD86649FF2E27AF3D21B39F86B" ID-CLB-Dataset="294810" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5443.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f47940ed-6254-4cab-9b63-5ab17b7494b4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11045387" ID-ZooBank="D39BC251-9B14-4C00-8A34-280F97ED382F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1713857682957" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Callaghan, Curtis John, Trujano-Ortega, Marysol &amp; Ríos-Málaver, Indiana C." docDate="2024" docId="03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5443.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5443 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5443.3.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Emesis (Aphacites) hypoaithos , Callaghan, Trujano-Ortega &amp; Rios-Malaver 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="411" masterDocId="FF9EFFF79850FFA9FFE1FFD4FFBFFF99" masterDocTitle="Two New Species of Emesis Fabricius, 1807 from Northwestern South and Central America (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="416" masterPageNumber="406" pageNumber="407" updateTime="1714074743908" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="4FAF68DFC52C4B63B5459994A1F1457E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="4FE57055FE6D757C92C3DB6CBD8D97C9">
<mods:title id="BDBF67CE86EAB7445AABD877C1456835">Two New Species of Emesis Fabricius, 1807 from Northwestern South and Central America (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0CD5283D63343EEED501600DDFA37400" type="personal">
<mods:role id="598DF48690920BCB20D90C0E875B7033">
<mods:roleTerm id="8CEF98BA815019E707BE741E84DAE665">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2A640C6BE7494E6E8A53A48C763B06AD">Callaghan, Curtis John</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BE5C11D35BE010702042582202E24F8F">Casa Picapau, Floresta de la Sabana. Carrera 7, 237 - 04, Bogotá, Colombia.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9828EE137FD9FE7A0292CA904DDCB530" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7AEAAC532043AD52E71A6BC8E6491B3F">
<mods:roleTerm id="B621E8D852D2B4179BA6C63D80AF77E0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F1E2BEA328DB84AC3E14A9788D3E6627">Trujano-Ortega, Marysol</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="73FF552A23B8A9F63A127141430767C9">Museo de Zoología (Entomología), Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70 - 399, México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F68988CBA3FAAB79E04D92FF3C58FF94" type="personal">
<mods:role id="60AE8F7F63EFA3CDDFA3E6979D34C6A2">
<mods:roleTerm id="EE3C196B76C54846C14B178BE700EAE0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="76C82D594CF7733EEDE5D6DCA2C55707">Ríos-Málaver, Indiana C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0A55E7ACCEBE9417CC070CC38AE43ABC">Carrera 16 # 51 B 72 La Asunción Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="1F1FF5E611B216B5526DF7DFAF1563B7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="2D4237C01904757D30C0FD9FDAC7E421" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="4420915928D68A2E7F343E2A6A703843">
<mods:title id="5024D7BA2658B6C63A9DA7A0C5584A44">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="25FA879D9673539DBA62CF825B2058F4">
<mods:date id="FF3916B72DAB8E89FF32DF84D370E5FE">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F70EA309F1974EB82F2C117B4CFF976B" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="ABC8389F1C704BE163A148D5D56E7CC0">2024-04-23</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AA49F8AF8CCFE885E37651DC2C3E802F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="0836DDE7B273E87B27A77E8C2C6D98B4">5443</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AF71C7477754C0103B96970226680F6D" type="issue">
<mods:number id="077C46A9FDAA2A828FBC29FA2AD5088D">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="717621EDB5FEE9465820CAD6D8D7147F" unit="page">
<mods:start id="35C7BA6EA44F014C162CFC1A8703DE42">406</mods:start>
<mods:end id="F9C8E2A006BCDF5885B68433B28F6264">416</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="2B1342A21385E826B1AE335B9BD06223">
<mods:url id="37ADDB6F916BC7E9F4D6AF8B516EA203">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5443.3.5</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="B39A511EA2FD289521EDCB5AA76B0AE5">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="81A8B3F624B00E731838E15849BA1BE6" type="CLB-Dataset">294810</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5760ACD886A938E06E8BE2D997DF406B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5443.3.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="89DCD612782D4F2FBA699739AAB54BDC" type="GBIF-Dataset">f47940ed-6254-4cab-9b63-5ab17b7494b4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="312AA6134E72CA0329160A84E1E1ECCD" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="248DC5B79F9651802F494603093D6083" type="Zenodo-Dep">11045387</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EF893531A5480EAE2764E63FBB1CF3DA" type="ZooBank">D39BC251-9B14-4C00-8A34-280F97ED382F</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11068863" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11068863" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
<subSubSection id="C31465129851FFA8FF76FCB3FB1AFC18" box="[151,1189,870,898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB136999851FFA8FF76FCB3FB1AFC18" blockId="1.[151,1189,870,933]" box="[151,1189,870,898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
<heading id="D0F981F59851FFA8FF76FCB3FB1AFC18" bold="true" box="[151,1189,870,898]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FF76FCB3FB1AFC18" bold="true" box="[151,1189,870,898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9851FFA8FF76FCB3FB85FC18" authority="Callaghan, Trujano-Ortega &amp;Rios-Malaver" authorityName=", Callaghan, Trujano-Ortega &amp; Rios-Malaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,1082,870,898]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Aphacites">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FF76FCB3FF52FC18" bold="true" box="[151,237,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Emesis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FF1EFCB3FEC9FC1B" bold="true" box="[255,374,871,898]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Aphacites</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FE66FCB3FDADFC1B" bold="true" box="[391,530,871,898]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">hypoaithos,</emphasis>
Callaghan, Trujano-Ortega &amp;Ríos-Málaver
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09851FFA8FBA6FCB3FB1AFC18" box="[1095,1189,871,897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31465129851FFA8FF76FC5FFED9FC3C" box="[151,358,907,933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB136999851FFA8FF76FC5FFED9FC3C" blockId="1.[151,1189,870,933]" box="[151,358,907,933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9851FFA8FF7EFC5FFEE2FC3C" box="[159,349,907,933]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–14" captionStart-1="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId-0="2.[152,270,1633,1657]" captionStartId-1="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox-0="[272,1315,187,1599]" captionTargetBox-1="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@2.[264,1322,179,1607]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. scale bars adults 10mm. Adult Figures: 1. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 2. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 3. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 4. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 5. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., dorsal view. 6. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., ventral view. 7. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, dorsal view. 8. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, ventral view. 9. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, dorsal view. Mexico, Veracruz, Teocelo. 10. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, ventral view. 11. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, dorsal view. Mexico, Pueblo Tequezquitla. 12. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, ventral view. 13. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. Male, field view. Colombia, Río Bravo, Valle del Cauca. 14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. male, field view. Cañón del Río Bravo, Calima, Valle del Cauca." captionText-1="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045389" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11045389/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Figs. 1–4, 13–18</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31465129851FFA8FF76FC04FE99FB9F" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB136999851FFA8FF76FC04FE99FB9F" blockId="1.[151,1436,976,1030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1E11B79851FFA8FF76FC04FCBAFC71" box="[151,773,976,1000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
<treatmentCitation id="0AAF10889851FFA8FF76FC04FDA0FC71" author="DeVries, P. J." box="[151,543,976,1000]" page="209" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" year="1997">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9851FFA8FF76FC04FDA0FC71" ID-CoL="39GRV" authority="DeVries 1997, p. 209" authorityName="DeVries" authorityPageNumber="209" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,543,976,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FF76FC04FE95FC71" box="[151,298,976,1000]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Emesis tegula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689851FFA8FED4FC04FE76FC71" author="DeVries, P. J." box="[309,457,976,1000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" refId="ref7433" refString="DeVries, P. J. (1997) The Butterflies of Costa Rica and their natural History. Volume II: Riodinidae. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, xxvi + 288 pp." type="book" year="1997">DeVries 1997</bibRefCitation>
, p. 209
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, Pl. 17, 
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9851FFA8FD60FC04FCBEFC71" box="[641,769,976,1000]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Figs. 17–19</figureCitation>
;
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1E11B79851FFA8FCF0FC04FE99FB9F" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9851FFA8FCF0FC04FBC2FC71" ID-CoL="39GRV" authority="Warren et al. 2023" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="2023" box="[785,1149,976,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FCF0FC04FC1CFC71" box="[785,931,976,1000]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Emesis tegula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689851FFA8FC4EFC04FBC2FC71" author="Warren, A. D. &amp; Davis, K. J. &amp; Stangeland, E. M. &amp; Pelham, J. P. &amp; Willmott, K. R. &amp; Grishin, N. V." box="[943,1149,976,1000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" refId="ref7992" refString="Warren, A. D., Davis, K. J., Stangeland, E. M., Pelham, J. P., Willmott, K. R. &amp; Grishin, N. V. (2023) Illustrated Lists of American Butterflies. Available from: http: // www. butterfliesofamerica. com / (accessed 23 June 2023)" type="url" year="2023">
Warren 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FBE4FC04FB82FC71" box="[1029,1085,976,1000]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, #G7300 (dorsal), #G7299 (ventral).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31465129851FFA8FF76FBE1FACDFB78" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB136999851FFA8FF76FBE1FACDFB78" blockId="1.[151,1437,1077,2017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FF76FBE1FEADFBD6" bold="true" box="[151,274,1077,1103]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9851FFA8FEFAFBE2FDC5FBD6" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[283,634,1077,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Aphacites">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FEFAFBE2FED5FBD6" box="[283,362,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Emesis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FE9CFBE1FE54FBD6" box="[381,491,1077,1103]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Aphacites</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FE1EFBE1FDC5FBD6" box="[511,634,1077,1103]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FD62FBE1FD5FFBD6" bold="true" box="[643,736,1077,1103]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09851FFA8FD62FBE1FD5FFBD6" box="[643,736,1077,1103]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
males can be separated from other species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9851FFA8FB1AFBE2FAF5FBD6" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1807" box="[1275,1354,1078,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FB1AFBE2FAF5FBD6" box="[1275,1354,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Emesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the yellow orange ventral surface combined with a prominent postmedian row of connected crescent shaped spots on both wings; on the hindwing, these are proximal to a marginal row of small black spots, the first two and the last one of which are slightly larger. The females are yellow on both wing surfaces but can also be distinguished by the same prominent postmedian band, with the first two marginal spots being larger on the apex of the ventral hindwing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31465129851FFAAFF26FB3FFAB3F844" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB136999851FFA8FF26FB3FFAECFA9F" blockId="1.[151,1437,1077,2017]" box="[199,1363,1259,1286]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FF26FB3FFEE6FA9C" bold="true" box="[199,345,1259,1285]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Description.</emphasis>
MALE: Forewing length 
<typeStatus id="54B5883B9851FFA8FD9CFB38FCAEFA9F" box="[637,785,1260,1286]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9851FFA8FCF9FB3FFCC1FA9F" box="[792,894,1259,1286]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.06" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="20.6">20.6 mm</quantity>
, 
<typeStatus id="54B5883B9851FFA8FC68FB38FC46FA9F" box="[905,1017,1260,1286]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
: 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9851FFA8FBE2FB38FBCAFA9F" box="[1027,1141,1260,1286]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.907" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="19.07">19.07 mm</quantity>
(n=9), S= 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9851FFA8FB07FB38FAF0FA9F" box="[1254,1359,1260,1286]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="1.92">1.92 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999851FFA8FF26FAC5FF6FFA01" blockId="1.[151,1437,1077,2017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FF26FAC5FEF7FAB3" box="[199,328,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Wing shape</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9851FFA8FEB7FAC4FE27FAB3" box="[342,408,1296,1322]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[152,270,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,187,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[264,1322,179,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. scale bars adults 10mm. Adult Figures: 1. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 2. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 3. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 4. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 5. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., dorsal view. 6. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., ventral view. 7. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, dorsal view. 8. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, ventral view. 9. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, dorsal view. Mexico, Veracruz, Teocelo. 10. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, ventral view. 11. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, dorsal view. Mexico, Pueblo Tequezquitla. 12. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, ventral view. 13. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. Male, field view. Colombia, Río Bravo, Valle del Cauca. 14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. male, field view. Cañón del Río Bravo, Calima, Valle del Cauca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045389/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
): Forewing costal margin very slightly indented midway, before reaching a rounded, slightly falcate apex, distal margin slightly curved, proceeding to rounded tornus, inner margin straight; hindwing costa slightly curved to rounded apex, distal margin slightly rounded to pointed tornus, inner margin slightly convex to base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999851FFA8FF26FA76FAB0F979" blockId="1.[151,1437,1077,2017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9851FFA8FF26FA76FECEFA25" box="[199,369,1442,1468]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Dorsal surface</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9851FFA8FE65FA76FE76FA25" box="[388,457,1442,1468]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[152,270,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,187,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[264,1322,179,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. scale bars adults 10mm. Adult Figures: 1. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 2. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 3. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 4. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 5. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., dorsal view. 6. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., ventral view. 7. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, dorsal view. 8. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, ventral view. 9. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, dorsal view. Mexico, Veracruz, Teocelo. 10. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, ventral view. 11. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, dorsal view. Mexico, Pueblo Tequezquitla. 12. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, ventral view. 13. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. Male, field view. Colombia, Río Bravo, Valle del Cauca. 14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. male, field view. Cañón del Río Bravo, Calima, Valle del Cauca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045389/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
): Ground color of both wings light brown with slight orange tinge. Forewing costal margin dark brown; forewing discal area infused with variable grey scaling, with short linear marks, discal cell with a slight reddish tinge, containing three linear black spots and one elongated at the end, with a similar set of elongated spots below in cell CuA 
<subScript id="178A34DC9851FFA8FE44F9F6FE12F9A9" attach="left" box="[421,429,1570,1584]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">2</subScript>
; distad a post discal broken row of small, offset, irregular lines, those from cells R 
<subScript id="178A34DC9851FFA8FAAEF9F6FAE8F9A9" attach="left" box="[1359,1367,1570,1584]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">1</subScript>
to M 
<subScript id="178A34DC9851FFA8FA75F9F6FA23F9A9" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,1570,1584]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">3</subScript>
displaced proximally between M 
<subScript id="178A34DC9851FFA8FDE2F993FDB4F9CC" attach="left" box="[515,523,1607,1621]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">1</subScript>
and M 
<subScript id="178A34DC9851FFA8FDB9F993FDDFF9CC" attach="left" box="[600,608,1607,1621]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">3</subScript>
, space between end of discal cell and cell CuA 
<subScript id="178A34DC9851FFA8FB84F993FBD2F9CC" attach="left" box="[1125,1133,1607,1621]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">1</subScript>
darker brown, the irregular lines in cells CuA 
<subScript id="178A34DC9851FFA8FEBEF9BFFED8F9E0" attach="left" box="[351,359,1643,1657]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">1</subScript>
and CuA 
<subScript id="178A34DC9851FFA8FE33F9BFFE65F9E0" attach="left" box="[466,474,1643,1657]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">2</subScript>
offset proximally; distad a parallel postmedian row of faint, crescent spots from costa to 1A+2A, space between these and the post discal row of irregular lines lighter yellow/brown forming a 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9851FFA8FAA4F9AAFA22F901" box="[1349,1437,1662,1688]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
wide median band; distad a row of small, faint submarginal dark brown spots, proximally with slightly reddish scaling, margin and fringe dark brown; anal margin below 1A+2A with some infusion of grey scaling.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999851FFA8FF2EF93FFCD1F878" blockId="1.[151,1437,1077,2017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">
Hindwing follows general pattern and shading of forewing. Discal area infused with light grey scaling, costa light yellow, cell Sc+R 
<subScript id="178A34DC9851FFA8FE43F8F6FE15F8A9" attach="left" box="[418,426,1826,1840]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">1</subScript>
with two small spots, discal cell with some reddish scaling and same configuration of marks as on forewing; cell CuA with two faint, linear spots directly below; a post discal row of short, unconnected, irregular black lines with those in cells M 
<subScript id="178A34DC9851FFA8FD86F8BFFDD0F8E0" attach="left" box="[615,623,1899,1913]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">2</subScript>
and M 
<subScript id="178A34DC9851FFA8FD5FF8BFFD79F8E0" attach="left" box="[702,710,1899,1913]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="407">3</subScript>
offset distally, distad of this, a row of post median crescent spots continues from forewing with the median band of similar lighter scaling, distad with the submarginal row of black spots as on forewing, proximally with reddish scaling; margin and fringe dark brown; anal margin light yellow; vein 3A accompanied by long, androconal scales increasing to tornus.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7166119852FFABFF79F9B5FD0DF87B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045389" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11045389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045389/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" startId="2.[152,270,1633,1657]" targetBox="[272,1315,187,1599]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB136999852FFABFF79F9B5FD0DF87B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1633,2018]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFF79F9B5FEE3F9E0" bold="true" box="[152,348,1633,1657]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">FIGURES 1–14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFE91F9B6FD4FF9E0" authority="Callaghan et al." authorityName="Callaghan" authorityYear="2024" box="[368,752,1633,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFE91F9B6FD84F9E0" box="[368,571,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFD4EF9B6FD4FF9E0" box="[687,752,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFD17F9B6FCCBF9E3" bold="true" box="[758,884,1634,1658]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09852FFABFD17F9B6FCEAF9E3" box="[758,853,1634,1658]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
s
</emphasis>
cale bars adults 10mm. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFB7DF9B5FAF6F9E0" bold="true" box="[1180,1353,1633,1657]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Adult Figures:</emphasis>
1. Male HOLOTYPE, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFECBF952FD31F904" authority="Callaghan et al." authorityName="Callaghan" authorityYear="2024" box="[298,654,1669,1693]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFECBF952FE58F904" box="[298,487,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFDBBF952FD31F904" box="[602,654,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFD75F952FD5AF907" bold="true" box="[660,741,1670,1694]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09852FFABFD75F952FD5AF907" box="[660,741,1670,1694]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFC92F951FC39F904" bold="true" box="[883,902,1669,1693]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">2.</emphasis>
Male HOLOTYPE, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFBB8F952FF0DF958" authority="Callaghan et al." authorityName="Callaghan" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFBB8F952FAA9F904" box="[1113,1302,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFA6BF952FF0DF958" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFF59F97EFEB5F95B" bold="true" box="[184,266,1706,1730]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09852FFABFF59F97EFEB5F95B" box="[184,266,1706,1730]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFE47F97DFE06F958" bold="true" box="[422,441,1705,1729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">3.</emphasis>
Female 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFDF4F97EFC3EF958" authority="Callaghan et al." authorityName="Callaghan" authorityYear="2024" box="[533,897,1705,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFDF4F97EFD6BF958" box="[533,724,1705,1729]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFCAAF97EFC3EF958" box="[843,897,1705,1729]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFC69F97EFC64F95B" bold="true" box="[904,987,1706,1730]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09852FFABFC69F97EFC64F95B" box="[904,987,1706,1730]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFB8EF97DFB3EF958" bold="true" box="[1135,1153,1705,1729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">4.</emphasis>
Female 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFB3CF97EFE8AF97C" authority="Callaghan et al." authorityName="Callaghan" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFB3CF97EFA23F958" box="[1245,1436,1705,1729]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFEE2F91AFE8AF97C" box="[259,309,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFED8F91AFE37F97F" bold="true" box="[313,392,1742,1766]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09852FFABFED8F91AFE37F97F" box="[313,392,1742,1766]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFDFBF91AFD92F97F" bold="true" box="[538,557,1742,1766]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">5.</emphasis>
Male HOLOTYPE, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFD1DF91AFB1CF97C" authority="Callaghan et al." authorityName="Callaghan" authorityYear="2024" box="[764,1187,1741,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hypoaithos" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="ochros">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFD1DF91AFBBFF97C" box="[764,1024,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis hypoaithos ochros</emphasis>
Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFB90F91AFB1CF97C" box="[1137,1187,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFB46F91AFABFF97F" bold="true" box="[1191,1280,1742,1766]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09852FFABFB46F91AFABFF97F" box="[1191,1280,1742,1766]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" rank="subSpecies">ssp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFA68F919FA23F97C" bold="true" box="[1417,1436,1741,1765]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">6.</emphasis>
Male HOLOTYPE, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFE83F926FCB4F890" authority="Callaghan et al." authorityName="Callaghan" authorityYear="2024" box="[354,779,1777,1801]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hypoaithos" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="ochros">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFE83F926FDD8F890" box="[354,615,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis hypoaithos ochros</emphasis>
Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFD39F926FCB4F890" box="[728,779,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFCEEF926FCD7F893" bold="true" box="[783,872,1778,1802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09852FFABFCEEF926FCD7F893" box="[783,872,1778,1802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" rank="subSpecies">ssp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFC1AF926FBB1F893" bold="true" box="[1019,1038,1778,1802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFBF2F926FF0DF8B4" authority="Callaghan et al." authorityName="Callaghan" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hypoaithos" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="ochros">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFBF2F926FAA6F890" box="[1043,1305,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis hypoaithos ochros</emphasis>
Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFA6BF926FF0DF8B4" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFF57F8C2FEB0F8B7" bold="true" box="[182,271,1814,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09852FFABFF57F8C2FEB0F8B7" box="[182,271,1814,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" rank="subSpecies">ssp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, intermediate male specimen, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFD5FF8C1FD6EF8B4" bold="true" box="[702,721,1813,1837]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFD37F8C2FBC1F8B4" authority="Callaghan et al." authorityName="Callaghan" authorityYear="2024" box="[726,1150,1813,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hypoaithos" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="ochros">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFD37F8C2FC64F8B4" box="[726,987,1813,1837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis hypoaithos ochros</emphasis>
Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFBADF8C2FBC1F8B4" box="[1100,1150,1813,1837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFB63F8C2FB63F8B7" bold="true" box="[1154,1244,1814,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09852FFABFB63F8C2FB63F8B7" box="[1154,1244,1814,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" rank="subSpecies">ssp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, intermediate male specimen, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFE6EF8EDFE1DF8C8" bold="true" box="[399,418,1849,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFE48F8EEFCFDF8C8" authority=", Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[425,834,1849,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFE48F8EEFD81F8C8" box="[425,574,1849,1873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis tegula,</emphasis>
Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886
</taxonomicName>
, male, dorsal view. Mexico, Veracruz, Teocelo. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFACFF8EDFAF2F8C8" bold="true" box="[1326,1357,1849,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFAB5F8EEFE61F8EC" authority=", Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFAB5F8EEFF62F8EC" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis tegula,</emphasis>
Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886
</taxonomicName>
, male, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFD50F889FD70F8EC" bold="true" box="[689,719,1885,1909]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFD34F88AFBD4F8EC" authority=", Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[725,1131,1885,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFD34F88AFCD6F8EC" box="[725,873,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis tegula,</emphasis>
Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886
</taxonomicName>
, female, dorsal view. Mexico, Pueblo Tequezquitla. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFE92F855FE2DF800" bold="true" box="[371,402,1921,1945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFE78F856FC92F800" authority=", Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[409,813,1921,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFE78F856FD92F800" box="[409,557,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis tegula,</emphasis>
Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886
</taxonomicName>
, female, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFBF2F855FB8DF800" bold="true" box="[1043,1074,1921,1945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFBD8F856FA22F800" authority="Callaghan et al." authorityName="Callaghan" authorityYear="2024" box="[1081,1437,1921,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFBD8F856FB49F800" box="[1081,1270,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFA88F856FA22F800" box="[1385,1437,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFF76F872FF56F827" bold="true" box="[151,233,1958,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09852FFABFF76F872FF56F827" box="[151,233,1958,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Male, field view. Colombia, Río Bravo, Valle del Cauca. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFCDFF871FCE1F824" bold="true" box="[830,862,1957,1981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9852FFABFC87F872FB71F824" authority="Callaghan et al." authorityName="Callaghan" authorityYear="2024" box="[870,1230,1957,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFC87F872FB9BF824" box="[870,1060,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFB7BF872FB71F824" box="[1178,1230,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9852FFABFB34F872FA98F827" bold="true" box="[1237,1319,1958,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09852FFABFB34F872FA98F827" box="[1237,1319,1958,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="408" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
male, field view. Cañón del Río Bravo, Calima, Valle del Cauca.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26FF43FDDCFEFC" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9853FFAAFF26FF43FECEFF28" box="[199,369,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Ventral surface</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9853FFAAFE61FF43FE7AFF28" box="[384,453,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[152,270,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,187,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[264,1322,179,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. scale bars adults 10mm. Adult Figures: 1. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 2. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 3. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 4. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 5. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., dorsal view. 6. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., ventral view. 7. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, dorsal view. 8. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, ventral view. 9. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, dorsal view. Mexico, Veracruz, Teocelo. 10. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, ventral view. 11. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, dorsal view. Mexico, Pueblo Tequezquitla. 12. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, ventral view. 13. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. Male, field view. Colombia, Río Bravo, Valle del Cauca. 14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. male, field view. Cañón del Río Bravo, Calima, Valle del Cauca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045389/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
): Ground color of both wings yellow orange. Costa of forewing above Sc+R 
<subScript id="178A34DC9853FFAAFAFBFF7DFA9DFF2E" attach="left" box="[1306,1314,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">1</subScript>
with some darker scaling, maculation of forewing reflected ventrally, but more strongly marked; space between end of discal cell to cell CuA 
<subScript id="178A34DC9853FFAAFEA9FF25FEEFFF66" attach="left" box="[328,336,241,255]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">1</subScript>
and post discal row of short lines darker; area occupied by median band of slightly lighter ground color; postmedian row of crescent brown spots more prominent, space between these and submarginal spots with slightly lighter scaling; margin distad of submarginal spots infused with darker scaling from apex to tornus; inner margin from middle of cell CuA 
<subScript id="178A34DC9853FFAAFDE3FE89FDB5FEF2" attach="left" box="[514,522,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">2</subScript>
yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26FEBBFE3FFE6C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
Hindwing maculation continuation of that on forewing reflecting dorsal surface, with postmedian and submarginal black spots more prominent, the two submarginal spots on apex slightly larger with marginal area infused with darker scaling as on forewing; a row of androconal hairs found in middle of cell CuA 
<subScript id="178A34DC9853FFAAFB01FE1DFB57FE4E" attach="left" box="[1248,1256,457,471]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">2</subScript>
; vein 1A+2A to inner margin yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26FE2BFC00FD1C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9853FFAAFF26FE2BFEBBFD80" box="[199,260,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Head</emphasis>
: Upper surface of frons and collar dark orange, lower frons around labial palpi white; labial palpi short, light orange, with short scaling, not extending beyond face when viewed dorsally, third segment short (
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9853FFAAFADDFDF7FA2FFDA4" box="[1340,1424,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="409" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4mm</quantity>
), rounded, 30% of length of second segment; proboscis light brown, long; antennal length 60% of forewing length, segments with two small, white points on each segment, club tips black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26FD5BFCFCFD68" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9853FFAAFF26FD5BFEBEFD30" box="[199,257,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Body</emphasis>
: Dorsal surface color of thorax and abdomen dark brown, ventral surface light orange with random white scaling; forelegs trimerous, pubescent, with femur separating below midpoint of coxa; midlegs and hindlegs light orange with a few random spurs, final tarsus segments black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26FD2FFDF0FB38" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9853FFAAFF26FD2FFED0FC8C" box="[199,367,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9853FFAAFE63FD2FFD84FC8C" box="[386,571,762,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Figs. 15–16, 18</figureCitation>
), (n=5): Uncus with lobes joined, spread, uniting in a central peak with a variable notch in ventral view, in lateral view pointed distad at nearly 90°, ventrally slightly indented; tegumen dorsally long and slightly rounded, ventrally produces an extended point, cephalad indentation for attachment of vinculum extends higher than tips of vinculum; scaphium broad terminating in a point in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9853FFAAFAA3FCB3FA30FC18" box="[1346,1423,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Fig.16</figureCitation>
); falces long, curved, pointed, and doubled inwardly; vinculum attached to cephalad margins of tegumen, not joined, and continues slightly curved to saccus with pointed triangular posterior flange in middle; saccus long, rounded in ventral view; valvae with a lateral plate on each valve in lateral view, valvae terminating in broad, slightly bifurcated tip, upper projection slightly smaller and rounded and lower rounded, short, and slightly turned outward in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9853FFAAFF3FFBCFFE8DFBAC" box="[222,306,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
); dorsally, valvae joined to opposite valve by a long transtilla; aedeagus short, wide, slightly curved with small ventral flange at exit of pedicel, posterior half from attachment of pedicel to tip sclerotized, caudad segment lightly sclerotized; tip pointed with vesica exiting dorsally, vesica with numerous small cornuti on tip, and with larger cornuti behind tip (
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9853FFAAFE0FFB53FDFDFB38" box="[494,578,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26FB7FFCD5FB5C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,874,1195,1221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
FEMALE (
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9853FFAAFEA7FB7FFE0DFB5C" box="[326,434,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[152,270,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,187,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[264,1322,179,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. scale bars adults 10mm. Adult Figures: 1. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 2. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 3. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 4. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 5. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., dorsal view. 6. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., ventral view. 7. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, dorsal view. 8. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, ventral view. 9. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, dorsal view. Mexico, Veracruz, Teocelo. 10. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, ventral view. 11. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, dorsal view. Mexico, Pueblo Tequezquitla. 12. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, ventral view. 13. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. Male, field view. Colombia, Río Bravo, Valle del Cauca. 14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. male, field view. Cañón del Río Bravo, Calima, Valle del Cauca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045389/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9853FFAAFE5FFB7FFE64FB5C" box="[446,475,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">17</figureCitation>
): Forewing length, 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9853FFAAFD5BFB7FFCA1FB5C" box="[698,798,1195,1221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.77" pageId="3" pageNumber="409" unit="mm" value="17.7">17.7 mm</quantity>
(n=1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26FB1BFD43FB70" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,764,1231,1257]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">The female differs from the male in the following:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26FB27FAA6FAA8" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9853FFAAFF26FB27FEF6FA94" box="[199,329,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Wing shape</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9853FFAAFEB9FB27FE23FA94" box="[344,412,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[152,270,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,187,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[264,1322,179,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. scale bars adults 10mm. Adult Figures: 1. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 2. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 3. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 4. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 5. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., dorsal view. 6. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., ventral view. 7. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, dorsal view. 8. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, ventral view. 9. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, dorsal view. Mexico, Veracruz, Teocelo. 10. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, ventral view. 11. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, dorsal view. Mexico, Pueblo Tequezquitla. 12. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, ventral view. 13. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. Male, field view. Colombia, Río Bravo, Valle del Cauca. 14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. male, field view. Cañón del Río Bravo, Calima, Valle del Cauca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045389/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): Forewing costal margin more indented, distal margin more curved before rounded tornus; likewise, hindwing distal margin more rounded to more rounded tornus, inner margin slightly rounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26FAEFFE03FA7C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9853FFAAFF26FAEFFECFFACC" box="[199,368,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Dorsal surface</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9853FFAAFE62FAEFFE76FACC" box="[387,457,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[152,270,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,187,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[264,1322,179,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. scale bars adults 10mm. Adult Figures: 1. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 2. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 3. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 4. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 5. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., dorsal view. 6. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., ventral view. 7. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, dorsal view. 8. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, ventral view. 9. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, dorsal view. Mexico, Veracruz, Teocelo. 10. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, ventral view. 11. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, dorsal view. Mexico, Pueblo Tequezquitla. 12. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, ventral view. 13. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. Male, field view. Colombia, Río Bravo, Valle del Cauca. 14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. male, field view. Cañón del Río Bravo, Calima, Valle del Cauca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045389/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): Female with same maculation as male, differing from the male in lighter yellow to brown ground color of both wings; a 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9853FFAAFDD2FA8BFD37FAE0" box="[563,648,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="409" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
wide median band of lighter yellow crosses both wings between a post discal row of short, curved lines and a fainter row of joined crescent shaped markings proximal to a marginal row of small black spots, the first two slightly larger; margin of forewing from apex to vein Cu1 variably infused with dark scaling; fringe black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26FA3BFDD1F9C8" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9853FFAAFF26FA3BFECDF990" box="[199,370,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Ventral surface</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9853FFAAFE62FA3BFE76F990" box="[387,457,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[152,270,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,187,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[264,1322,179,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. scale bars adults 10mm. Adult Figures: 1. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 2. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 3. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 4. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 5. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., dorsal view. 6. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., ventral view. 7. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, dorsal view. 8. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, ventral view. 9. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, dorsal view. Mexico, Veracruz, Teocelo. 10. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, ventral view. 11. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, dorsal view. Mexico, Pueblo Tequezquitla. 12. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, ventral view. 13. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. Male, field view. Colombia, Río Bravo, Valle del Cauca. 14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. male, field view. Cañón del Río Bravo, Calima, Valle del Cauca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045389/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
): Ground color of both wings light yellow, maculation identical but more pronounced; apex of forewing with infusion of darker scaling to vein M 
<subScript id="178A34DC9853FFAAFCC1F9F1FC97F9AA" attach="left" box="[800,808,1573,1587]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">3</subScript>
; apex of hindwing with first two prominent submarginal black spots larger than male; fringe black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26F98FFE7FF900" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9853FFAAFF26F98FFEBBF9EC" box="[199,260,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Head</emphasis>
: Same as male but with labial palpus narrow and light brown same length as male, but second segment broader, antennae as male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26F977FD19F978" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9853FFAAFF26F977FEBEF924" box="[199,257,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Body</emphasis>
: Dorsal surface color of thorax and abdomen yellow, abdomen with lighter scaling between segments, ventral surface white, appendages light yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999853FFAAFF26F93FFAB3F844" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9853FFAAFF26F93FFE37F89C" box="[199,392,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9853FFAAFE79F93FFE53F89C" box="[408,492,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="409">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
), (n=1): Corpus bursae elongated with two sail-shaped invaginated signae of equal size, arising close to midpoint of corpus bursae, which tapers to exit of ductus bursae; ductus bursae long, with some small striations, broadening with increased striations and sclerotization before reaching the sclerotized sterigma slightly bent from left in ventral view, at the exit of membranous ductus seminalis; sterigma between ductus seminalis and ostium bursae tubular, tapering slightly to ostium bursae, dorsally opened with two small lateral flanges, and slightly bent to left viewed ventrally; lamella postvaginalis consists of a broad, irregular plate dorsad of ostium bursae; lobes of papillae anales rounded, pubescent ventrad with thicker sclerotization dorso-laterally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31465129854FFADFF26FF42FD70FF60" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB136999854FFADFF26FF42FD70FF60" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFF26FF42FEE6FF29" bold="true" box="[199,345,150,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9854FFADFE8CFF43FE7BFF28" box="[365,452,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1060,1084]" captionTargetBox="[399,1187,181,1036]" captionTargetId="figure-25@9.[399,1187,181,1036]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 29. Distribution map. Red circles= Emesis hypoaithos hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. Blue circles= Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov. Yellow circles = Emesis pacis Callaghan et al. sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045399/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
, red circles). The distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFCB1FF43FB99FF28" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[848,1062,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFCB1FF43FB99FF28" box="[848,1062,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFBD3FF43FB2FFF28" bold="true" box="[1074,1168,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09854FFADFBD3FF43FB2FFF28" box="[1074,1168,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is from 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFB1DFF43FAC5FF28" box="[1276,1402,151,177]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
to 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFF76FF6FFEBAFF4C" box="[151,261,187,213]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Colombia</collectingCountry>
west of the Serra Occidental to northern 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFD2AFF6FFD41FF4C" box="[715,766,187,213]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Peru</collectingCountry>
and northern 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFC77FF6FFBB2FF4C" box="[918,1037,187,213]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
. The species also most likely occurs in 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFF55FF0BFEAEFF60" box="[180,273,223,249]" name="Ecuador" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
due to the existence of similar habitats.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31465129854FFADFF26FED7FCEBFED8" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB136999854FFADFF26FED7FCEBFED8" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFF26FED7FEF1FE84" bold="true" box="[199,334,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name for this species is a noun in opposition derived from the Greek words “hypo” (under) and “aithos” (dark red) referring to the color of the ventral surface.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31465129854FFADFF26FE9FFE45FCC4" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB136999854FFADFF26FE9FFC78FE48" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFF26FE9FFEC0FEFD" bold="true" box="[199,383,330,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Type Material.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54B5883B9854FFADFE6DFE9FFE4BFEFC" box="[396,500,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male with labels: 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFD3CFE9FFB98FE34" collectingDate="1958-02-02" collectorName="E. Schmidt Mumm" country="Colombia" elevation="2200" latitude="4.3905554" location="Fusagasuga La Aguadita" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-74.327774" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cundinamarca" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54B5883B9854FFADFD3CFE9FFC3AFEFC" box="[733,901,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="holotype">HOLOTYPUS</typeStatus>
/ 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFC6FFE9FFB9AFEFC" box="[910,1061,331,357]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFBD7FE9FFB63FEFC" box="[1078,1244,331,357]" country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFB0FFE9FFEBEFE10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFB0FFE9FFEBEFE10" country="Colombia" latitude="4.3905554" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-74.327774" name="Fusagasuga La Aguadita" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">Fusagasugá La Aguadita</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A505E9854FFADFEEEFEBBFE10FE10" box="[271,431,367,393]" degrees="04" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" precision="15" seconds="26" value="4.3905554">04° 23’26” N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A505E9854FFADFE56FEBBFDE5FE10" box="[439,602,367,393]" degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-74.327774">74° 19’40” W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFD88FEBBFD05FE10" box="[617,698,367,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation id="0023D1AA9854FFADFD88FEBBFD05FE10" box="[617,698,367,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFB010599854FFADFD29FEBAFC91FE10" box="[712,814,366,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" value="1958-02-02">
<collectingDate id="EFF4E9B19854FFADFD29FEBAFC91FE10" box="[712,814,366,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" value="1958-02-02">2.ii.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFCDCFEBBFBA2FE10" box="[829,1053,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. Schmidt Mumm</collectorName>
, 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFBCDFEBBFBEAFE10" box="[1068,1109,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg.</emphasis>
SM-5947. 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFB3AFEBBFAB8FE10" box="[1243,1287,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">The</collectorName>
type will be deposited in the 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFE85FE47FD43FE34" box="[356,764,403,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Instituto Alexander von Humboldt</collectorName>
, Colombia IAvH-E-9825
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFBD6FE47FC7CFE48" collectorName="El Cerrejon &amp; Callaghan" country="Colombia" location="Guajira" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="La Guajira" typeStatus="allotype">
<typeStatus id="54B5883B9854FFADFBD6FE47FB66FE34" box="[1079,1241,403,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="allotype">ALLOTYPUS</typeStatus>
/ 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFB00FE47FACAFE34" box="[1249,1397,403,429]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFA62FE47FF43FE48" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">El Cerrejón</collectorName>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFEE6FE63FEE1FE48" box="[263,350,439,465]" country="Colombia" name="La Guajira" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Guajira</collectingRegion>
, 1.v.81, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFE5AFE63FD92FE48" box="[443,557,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Callaghan</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFDD5FE63FDE2FE48" box="[564,605,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg.</emphasis>
/Genitalia #1505/ genitalia vial
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999854FFADFF26FE0FFE45FCC4" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFF26FE0FFB85FE6C" box="[199,1082,474,501]" collectionCode="CJC" collectorName="Callaghan" country="Costa Rica" location="Ciudad Colon" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54B5883B9854FFADFF26FE0FFE87FE6C" box="[199,312,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFEA5FE0EFE45FE6D" bold="true" box="[324,506,474,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFEA5FE0EFE4AFE6D" box="[324,501,474,500]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFDE3FE0FFD9AFE6C" box="[514,549,475,501]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFDD7FE0FFDD4FE6C" box="[566,619,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">CJC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFD9EFE0FFC9FFE6C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFD9EFE0FFC9FFE6C" box="[639,800,475,501]" country="Costa Rica" name="Ciudad Colon" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Ciudad Colón</location>
, 10.x.93, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFC6EFE0FFBBCFE6C" box="[911,1027,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Callaghan</collectorName>
, 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFBF1FE0FFB85FE6C" box="[1040,1082,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg.</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFBA8FE0FFE22FD80" collectionCode="CJC" collectorName="Serrano" country="Costa Rica" location="Turrialba" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cartago" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFBA8FE0FFBD3FE6C" box="[1097,1132,475,501]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFB9CFE0FFB0DFE6C" box="[1149,1202,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">CJC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFB27FE0FFA8FFE6C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFB27FE0FFA8FFE6C" box="[1222,1328,475,501]" country="Costa Rica" name="Turrialba" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Cartago">Turrialba</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFADCFE0FFA27FE6C" box="[1341,1432,475,501]" country="Costa Rica" name="Cartago" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Cartago</collectingRegion>
, 28.viii.76, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFEF2FE2BFED5FD80" box="[275,362,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Serrano</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE92FE2BFE2AFD80" box="[371,405,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg</emphasis>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFE47FE2AFB54FD80" box="[422,1259,510,537]" collectionCode="CJC" collectorName="Callaghan" country="Panama" location="Rio Parte" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Panama" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE47FE2AFD95FD81" bold="true" box="[422,554,510,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFE47FE2AFD9AFD81" box="[422,549,510,536]" name="Panama" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFDD2FE2BFDE9FD80" box="[563,598,511,537]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFD86FE2BFD23FD80" box="[615,668,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">CJC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFD53FE2BFC9FFD80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFD53FE2BFC9FFD80" box="[690,800,511,537]" country="Panama" name="Rio Parte" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Panama">Rio Parté</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFCCFFE2BFC71FD80" box="[814,974,511,537]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Panamá Prov.</collectingRegion>
, 30.ix.78, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFBA6FE2BFB06FD80" box="[1095,1209,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Callaghan</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFB23FE2BFB5BFD80" box="[1218,1252,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg</emphasis>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFB15FE2AFC5BFDA4" collectionCode="CJC" collectorName="Callaghan" country="Colombia" location="Villeta" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cundinamarca" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFB15FE2AFA23FD81" bold="true" box="[1268,1436,510,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFB15FE2AFA28FD81" box="[1268,1431,510,536]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFF76FDF7FF05FDA4" box="[151,186,547,573]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFF2BFDF7FF40FDA4" box="[202,255,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">CJC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFEF3FDF7FEE0FDA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFEF3FDF7FEE0FDA4" box="[274,351,547,573]" country="Colombia" name="Villeta" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">Villeta</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFE8AFDF7FDA2FDA4" box="[363,541,547,573]" country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
,10.ix.21, DNA sample 76, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFCA3FDF7FC0BFDA4" box="[834,948,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Callaghan</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFC5AFDF7FC62FDA4" box="[955,989,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg</emphasis>
.
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFC12FDF7FE19FDF8" collectionCode="CJC" collectorName="F. Montero" country="Colombia" elevation="400" location="Quichas" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Santander" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFC12FDF7FBA9FDA4" box="[1011,1046,547,573]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFBC4FDF7FBE5FDA4" box="[1061,1114,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">CJC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFB8FFDF7FB72FDA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFB8FFDF7FB72FDA4" box="[1134,1229,547,573]" country="Colombia" name="Quichas" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Santander">Quichas</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFB39FDF7FAF5FDA4" box="[1240,1354,547,573]" country="Colombia" name="Santander" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Santander</collectingRegion>
, 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFAB4FDF7FA27FDA4" box="[1365,1432,547,573]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="400.0">
<elevation id="0023D1AA9854FFADFAB4FDF7FA27FDA4" box="[1365,1432,547,573]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="400.0">400m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 21.i.95, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFF14FD93FECCFDF8" box="[245,371,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">F. Montero</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE9DFD93FE21FDF8" box="[380,414,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg</emphasis>
.
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFE56FD93FBBBFDF8" box="[439,1028,583,609]" collectionCode="CJC" country="Colombia" location="Vitoria" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Caldas" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFE56FD93FE65FDF8" box="[439,474,583,609]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFE0AFD93FD9FFDF8" box="[491,544,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">CJC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFDD7FD93FD38FDF8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFDD7FD93FD38FDF8" box="[566,647,583,609]" country="Colombia" name="Vitoria" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Caldas">Vitoria</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFD72FD93FD5DFDF8" box="[659,738,583,609]" country="Colombia" name="Caldas" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Caldas</collectingRegion>
, 9.ii.69, DNA sample 77
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFBF3FD93FECCFD1C" collectionCode="CJC" country="Colombia" location="Tayrona" municipality="Bahia Concha" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Atlantico" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFBF3FD93FB8AFDF8" box="[1042,1077,583,609]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFBA7FD93FBC6FDF8" box="[1094,1145,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">CJC</collectionCode>
) 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD5ACE39854FFADFB6BFD93FA92FDF8" box="[1162,1325,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Bahía Concha</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFADBFD93FA27FDF8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFADBFD93FA27FDF8" box="[1338,1432,583,609]" country="Colombia" municipality="Bahia Concha" name="Tayrona" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Atlantico">Tayrona</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFF76FDBFFEBDFD1C" box="[151,258,619,645]" country="Colombia" name="Atlantico" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Atlántico</collectingRegion>
, 22.ix.04
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFE65FDBFFC3BFD1C" box="[388,900,619,645]" collectionCode="CJC" country="Colombia" location="Tyrona" municipality="Bahia Concha" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFE65FDBFFE18FD1C" box="[388,423,619,645]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFE5DFDBFFE4EFD1C" box="[444,497,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">CJC</collectionCode>
), 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD5ACE39854FFADFDEBFDBFFD0FFD1C" box="[522,688,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Bahía Concha</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFD20FDBFFCACFD1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFD20FDBFFCACFD1C" box="[705,787,619,645]" country="Colombia" municipality="Bahia Concha" name="Tyrona" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Tyrona</location>
, 22.ix.04
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFC75FDBEFE58FD30" collectionCode="CJC" collectorName="Costa" country="Venezuela" location="Distrito Federal" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Miranda" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFC75FDBEFBF4FD1D" bold="true" box="[916,1099,618,644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFC75FDBEFBF8FD1D" box="[916,1095,618,644]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFBB9FDBFFBC4FD1C" box="[1112,1147,619,645]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFB71FDBFFB7AFD1C" box="[1168,1221,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">CJC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFB3EFDBFFA27FD1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFB3EFDBFFA27FD1C" box="[1247,1432,619,645]" country="Venezuela" name="Distrito Federal" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Miranda">Distrito Federal</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFF76FD5BFF46FD30" box="[151,249,655,681]" country="Venezuela" name="Miranda" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Miranda</collectingRegion>
, 30.vii.75, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFE96FD5BFE08FD30" box="[375,439,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Costa</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE5FFD5BFE5FFD30" box="[446,480,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg</emphasis>
.
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFE16FD5BFA80FD30" box="[503,1343,654,681]" collectionCode="CJC" collectorName="Mielke &amp; Orellana" country="Venezuela" elevation="2500" location="Monte Zerpa" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Merida" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFE16FD5BFDA5FD30" box="[503,538,655,681]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFDCBFD5BFDE0FD30" box="[554,607,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">CJC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFD92FD5BFCB7FD30" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFD92FD5BFCB7FD30" box="[627,776,655,681]" country="Venezuela" name="Monte Zerpa" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Merida">Monte Zerpa</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFCF2FD5BFCD8FD30" box="[787,871,655,681]" country="Venezuela" name="Merida" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Merida</collectingRegion>
, 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFC92FD5AFC7BFD30" box="[883,964,654,681]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="2500.0">
<elevation id="0023D1AA9854FFADFC92FD5AFC7BFD30" box="[883,964,654,681]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 27.ix.07, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFBDBFD5BFB36FD30" box="[1082,1161,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Mielke</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFB4FFD5BFAB1FD30" box="[1198,1294,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Orellana</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFAF7FD5BFA87FD30" box="[1302,1336,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg</emphasis>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFAA6FD5BFC01FD54" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="Lamas" country="Peru" elevation="1250" location="Canchaque" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Piura" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFAA6FD5BFA23FD30" bold="true" box="[1351,1436,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFAA6FD5BFA2CFD30" box="[1351,1427,655,681]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">PERU</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFF76FD67FF04FD54" box="[151,187,691,717]" count="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFF2EFD67FE95FD54" box="[207,298,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">MUSM</collectionCode>
), 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFEA2FD67FE3EFD54" box="[323,385,691,717]" country="Peru" name="Piura" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Piura</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFE73FD67FDAEFD54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFE73FD67FDAEFD54" box="[402,529,691,717]" country="Peru" name="Canchaque" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Piura">Canchaque</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFDC3FD67FD07FD54" box="[546,696,691,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="1250.0" valueMax="1300.0" valueMin="1200.0">
<elevation id="0023D1AA9854FFADFDC3FD67FD07FD54" box="[546,696,691,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="1250.0" valueMax="1300.0" valueMin="1200.0">1200–1300m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 13.iv.81, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFCD6FD67FC3BFD54" box="[823,900,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Lamas</collectorName>
, 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFC74FD67FC01FD54" box="[917,958,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg.</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFC32FD67FADAFD54" box="[979,1381,691,717]" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="Lamas" country="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFC32FD67FC49FD54" box="[979,1014,691,717]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFBEBFD67FBDAFD54" box="[1034,1125,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">MUSM</collectionCode>
), 18.v.82, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFB05FD67FA90FD54" box="[1252,1327,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Lamas</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFADDFD67FAE1FD54" box="[1340,1374,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg</emphasis>
.
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFA98FD67FBE2FD68" collectingDate="2007-06-09" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="Zelada" country="Peru" elevation="2900" latitude="-4.5833335" location="Ambasal" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="-79.75" municipality="Ayabaca" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Piura" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFA98FD67FA23FD54" box="[1401,1436,691,717]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFF7EFD03FF45FD68" box="[159,250,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">MUSM</collectionCode>
), 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFEEEFD03FEF5FD68" box="[271,330,727,753]" country="Peru" name="Piura" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Piura</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD5ACE39854FFADFEB0FD03FE0CFD68" box="[337,435,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Ayabaca</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFE5FFD03FD9BFD68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFE5FFD03FD9BFD68" box="[446,548,727,753]" country="Peru" latitude="-4.5833335" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="-79.75" municipality="Ayabaca" name="Ambasal" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Piura">Ambasal</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFDD0FD03FD3DFD68" box="[561,642,727,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="2900.0">
<elevation id="0023D1AA9854FFADFDD0FD03FD3DFD68" box="[561,642,727,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A505E9854FFADFD6FFD02FD58FD68" box="[654,743,726,753]" degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" precision="925" value="-4.5833335">04°35’S</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A505E9854FFADFD11FD02FCE6FD68" box="[752,857,726,753]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" precision="925" value="-79.75">79°45’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFB010599854FFADFC87FD03FC6DFD68" box="[870,978,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" value="2007-06-09">
<collectingDate id="EFF4E9B19854FFADFC87FD03FC6DFD68" box="[870,978,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" value="2007-06-09">9.vi.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFC3EFD03FB94FD68" box="[991,1067,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Zelada</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFBD5FD03FBE9FD68" box="[1076,1110,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg</emphasis>
.
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFB8CFD03FCC7FC8C" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="Lamas" country="Peru" elevation="1300" latitude="-5.9" location="Olmos-Chamaya" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-79.53333" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Piura" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFB8CFD03FB2FFD68" box="[1133,1168,727,753]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFB40FD03FB43FD68" box="[1185,1276,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">MUSM</collectionCode>
), 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFAF1FD03FAF4FD68" box="[1296,1355,727,753]" country="Peru" name="Piura" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Piura</collectingRegion>
km 30 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFF76FD2FFEE7FC8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFF76FD2FFEE7FC8C" box="[151,344,763,789]" country="Peru" latitude="-5.9" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-79.53333" name="Olmos-Chamaya" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Piura">Olmos-Chamaya</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFE82FD2FFE0CFC8C" box="[355,435,763,789]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="1300.0">
<elevation id="0023D1AA9854FFADFE82FD2FFE0CFC8C" box="[355,435,763,789]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A505E9854FFADFE5FFD2EFDA8FC8C" box="[446,535,762,789]" degrees="05" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" precision="925" value="-5.9">05°54’S</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A505E9854FFADFDC1FD2EFD36FC8C" box="[544,649,762,789]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" precision="925" value="-79.53333">79°32’W</geoCoordinate>
, 17.vi.95, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFD1CFD2FFCF7FC8C" box="[765,840,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Lamas</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFCAEFD2FFCCEFC8C" box="[847,881,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg</emphasis>
.
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFC67FD2FFDF3FCA0" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="Lamas" country="Peru" elevation="1000" latitude="-4.7" location="Quebrada Ulunche" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="-79.833336" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Piura" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFC67FD2FFC16FC8C" box="[902,937,763,789]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFC59FD2FFBACFC8C" box="[952,1043,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">MUSM</collectionCode>
), 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFBC7FD2FFBDEFC8C" box="[1062,1121,763,789]" country="Peru" name="Piura" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Piura</collectingRegion>
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFB86FD2FFA82FC8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFB86FD2FFA82FC8C" box="[1127,1341,763,789]" country="Peru" latitude="-4.7" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="-79.833336" name="Quebrada Ulunche" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Piura">Quebrada Ulunche</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFAA6FD2FFA27FC8C" box="[1351,1432,763,789]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="1000.0">
<elevation id="0023D1AA9854FFADFAA6FD2FFA27FC8C" box="[1351,1432,763,789]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A505E9854FFADFF76FCCAFF4FFCA0" box="[151,240,798,825]" degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" precision="925" value="-4.7">04°42’S</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A505E9854FFADFF1BFCCAFEDDFCA0" box="[250,354,798,825]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" precision="925" value="-79.833336">79°50’W</geoCoordinate>
, 2.vi.00, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFE31FCCBFDA4FCA0" box="[464,539,799,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Lamas</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFDC4FCCBFDF8FCA0" box="[549,583,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg</emphasis>
.
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B663CC49854FFADFDB3FCCBFE45FCC4" collectingDate="2019-09-30" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="Gamboa" country="Peru" county="Cerros de Amotape" elevation="340" latitude="-3.8166666" location="El Caucho" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-80.26667" municipality="El Caucho" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tumbes" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08FD109854FFADFDB3FCCBFDC6FCA0" box="[594,633,799,825]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE5C9854FFADFD6AFCCBFD59FCA0" box="[651,742,799,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">MUSM</collectionCode>
), 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFD1CFCCBFCE9FCA0" box="[765,854,799,825]" country="Peru" name="Tumbes" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Tumbes</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="62D04E159854FFADFC81FCCBFBFCFCA0" box="[864,1091,799,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Cerros de Amotape</collectingCounty>
, 
<location id="8ED160429854FFADFBB0FCCBFB73FCA0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7878F9851FFACFF76FCB3FBD3FD1C:8ED160429854FFADFBB0FCCBFB73FCA0" box="[1105,1228,799,825]" country="Peru" county="Cerros de Amotape" latitude="-3.8166666" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-80.26667" municipality="El Caucho" name="El Caucho" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" stateProvince="Tumbes">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD5ACE39854FFADFBB0FCCBFB73FCA0" box="[1105,1228,799,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">El Caucho</collectingMunicipality>
</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A505E9854FFADFB3AFCCBFA99FCA0" box="[1243,1318,799,825]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" precision="925" value="-3.8166666">3°49´S</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A505E9854FFADFACEFCCBFA27FCA0" box="[1327,1432,799,825]" degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" precision="925" value="-80.26667">80°16´W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFF76FC97FF65FCC4" box="[151,218,835,861]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="340.0">
<elevation id="0023D1AA9854FFADFF76FC97FF65FCC4" box="[151,218,835,861]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="340.0">340m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFB010599854FFADFF04FC97FEE0FCC4" box="[229,351,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" value="2019-09-30">
<collectingDate id="EFF4E9B19854FFADFF04FC97FEE0FCC4" box="[229,351,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" value="2019-09-30">30.ix.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26FB534F9854FFADFE8AFC97FE75FCC4" box="[363,458,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Gamboa</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE30FC97FE4CFCC4" box="[465,499,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">leg</emphasis>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31465129854FFADFF26FCB2FD7DFB38" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BB136999854FFADFF26FCB2FD7DFB38" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFF26FCB2FE98FC19" bold="true" box="[199,295,870,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Biology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFECFFCB3FDBFFC18" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[302,512,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFECFFCB3FDBFFC18" box="[302,512,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFDE6FCB3FDDEFC18" bold="true" box="[519,609,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09854FFADFDE6FCB3FDDEFC18" box="[519,609,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
inhabits a variety of vegetation 
<typeStatus id="54B5883B9854FFADFC2AFCB3FBB9FC18" box="[971,1030,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">types</typeStatus>
throughout its range, from sea level to 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFF54FC5FFEBCFC3C" box="[181,259,907,933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200m</quantity>
in 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFEC8FC5FFE25FC3C" box="[297,410,907,933]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, but reaching 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFDDBFC5FFD37FC3C" box="[570,648,907,933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900m</quantity>
in 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFD4FFC5FFD5AFC3C" box="[686,741,907,933]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Peru</collectingCountry>
. In 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFCF1FC5FFCC1FC3C" box="[784,894,907,933]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Colombia</collectingCountry>
it is found from the Dry Tropical Forest (Bs-T) in the 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFF01FC7BFE8BFC50" box="[224,308,943,969]" country="Colombia" name="La Guajira" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Guajira</collectingRegion>
to Pluvial Montane Rainforest (Bp-MB) on the Pacific coast. It is never common, and females are especially rare. The males perch in the late morning to early afternoon on leaf dorsal surfaces with wings outspread about 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFF3CFC23FE8BFB88" box="[221,308,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2 to 3m</quantity>
high in sunny localities along paths or inside the wood´s edge, usually close to streams where it has been observed on damp earth. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689854FFADFE08FBCFFD28FBAC" author="DeVries, P. J." box="[489,663,1051,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" refId="ref7433" refString="DeVries, P. J. (1997) The Butterflies of Costa Rica and their natural History. Volume II: Riodinidae. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, xxvi + 288 pp." type="book" year="1997">DeVries (1997)</bibRefCitation>
, in the section under “ 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFC6FFBCFFB95FBAC" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[910,1066,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFC6FFBCFFB95FBAC" box="[910,1066,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis tegula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”, gives information on the habits of this butterfly in 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFE8CFBEBFE54FBC0" box="[365,491,1087,1113]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
. He reports a putative larval foodplant as 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFC24FBEBFB3CFBC0" box="[965,1155,1087,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFC24FBEBFB3CFBC0" box="[965,1155,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Pisonia aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFB52FBEBFAE0FBC0" box="[1203,1375,1087,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Nyctaginaceae</taxonomicName>
). The larva partially folds the leaf to provide a shelter in which it pupates. In 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFC27FBB7FBFBFBE4" box="[966,1092,1123,1149]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, the species has been reported from 
<quantity id="4CF69B7C9854FFADFF34FB53FEDAFB38" box="[213,357,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="450.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="300.0">300 to 600m</quantity>
, occupying a range of habitats.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31465129854FFACFF26FB7EFBD3FD1C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB136999854FFADFF26FB7EFAEFF9C8" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFF26FB7EFEF0FB5D" bold="true" box="[199,335,1194,1220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Discussion:</emphasis>
In their study of the genomics of the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFCAEFB7FFB0AFB5C" authority=", Zhang et al. (2019)" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2019" box="[847,1205,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Emesidini">
Emesidini, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689854FFADFC33FB7FFB0AFB5C" author="Zhang, J. &amp; Shen, J. &amp; Cong, Q. &amp; Grishin, N." box="[978,1205,1195,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" pagination="475 - 488" refId="ref8060" refString="Zhang, J., Shen, J., Cong, Q. &amp; Grishin, N. (2019) Genomic analysis of the tribe Emesidini (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae). Zootaxa, 4668 (4), 475 - 488. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4668.4.2" type="journal article" year="2019">
Zhang 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFBC5FB7FFBDFFB5C" box="[1060,1120,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">et al.</emphasis>
(2019)
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
defined a subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFF76FB1BFE09FB70" authority="Hubner, [1819]" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1819" box="[151,438,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aphacites">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFF76FB1BFEBAFB70" box="[151,261,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Aphacites</emphasis>
Hübner, [1819]
</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFE15FB1BFCDEFB70" authority=", (Cramer [1775])" authorityName=", (Cramer" authorityYear="1775" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[500,865,1230,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucinda">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE15FB1BFD1CFB70" box="[500,675,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis lucinda,</emphasis>
(Cramer [1775])
</taxonomicName>
as the 
<typeStatus id="54B5883B9854FFADFC4DFB1BFC63FB70" box="[940,988,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">type</typeStatus>
species. This subgenus was divided into two clades with species close to 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFE14FB27FDD9FA94" authorityName=", (Cramer" authorityYear="1775" box="[501,614,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucinda">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE14FB27FDD9FA94" box="[501,614,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. lucinda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
separated from a group of three species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFBC0FB27FF6DFAA8" authority="Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886" authorityName="Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpina">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFBC0FB27FB76FA94" box="[1057,1225,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis vulpina</emphasis>
Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFF3DFAC3FDFFFAA8" authority="Prittwitz, 1865" authorityName="Prittwitz" authorityYear="1865" box="[220,576,1302,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diogenia">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFF3DFAC3FE2BFAA8" box="[220,404,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis diogenia</emphasis>
Prittwitz, 1865
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFD95FAC3FC67FAA8" authority="Stichel, 1929" authorityName="Stichel" authorityYear="1929" box="[628,984,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heteroclita">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFD95FAC3FCFDFAA8" box="[628,834,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis heteroclita</emphasis>
Stichel,1929
</taxonomicName>
, sharing similar genomic characteristics. A fourth species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFEB9FAEFFCFCFACC" authority="Gallardo &amp; Grishin, 2021" authorityName=", Gallardo &amp; Grishin" authorityYear="2021" box="[344,835,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eleanorae">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFEB9FAEFFDA2FACC" box="[344,541,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis eleanorae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689854FFADFDC2FAEFFCFCFACC" author="Gallardo, R. J. &amp; Zhang, J. &amp; Cong, Q. &amp; Shen, J. &amp; Grishin, N." box="[547,835,1339,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" pagination="53 - 59" refId="ref7471" refString="Gallardo, R. J., Zhang, J., Cong, Q., Shen, J. &amp; Grishin, N. (2021) A uniquely patterned new species of Emesis from Honduras (Riodinidae). Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 31 (1), 53 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 4966751" type="journal article" year="2021">Gallardo &amp; Grishin, 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, was described from 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFBCDFAEFFB26FACC" box="[1068,1177,1339,1365]" name="Honduras" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Honduras</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689854FFADFB47FAEFFA2FFACC" author="Gallardo, R. J. &amp; Zhang, J. &amp; Cong, Q. &amp; Shen, J. &amp; Grishin, N." box="[1190,1424,1339,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" pagination="53 - 59" refId="ref7471" refString="Gallardo, R. J., Zhang, J., Cong, Q., Shen, J. &amp; Grishin, N. (2021) A uniquely patterned new species of Emesis from Honduras (Riodinidae). Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 31 (1), 53 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 4966751" type="journal article" year="2021">
Gallardo 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFAF1FAEFFAF1FACC" box="[1296,1358,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">et al.,</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
). An additional species belonging to this sub clade is 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFD0DFA8BFB0BFAE0" authority=", Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[748,1204,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFD0DFA8BFC35FAE0" box="[748,906,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis tegula</emphasis>
, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886
</taxonomicName>
, placed by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689854FFADFAD9FA8BFEB9FA04" author="Zhang, J. &amp; Shen, J. &amp; Cong, Q. &amp; Grishin, N." pageId="4" pageNumber="410" pagination="475 - 488" refId="ref8060" refString="Zhang, J., Shen, J., Cong, Q. &amp; Grishin, N. (2019) Genomic analysis of the tribe Emesidini (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae). Zootaxa, 4668 (4), 475 - 488. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4668.4.2" type="journal article" year="2019">
Zhang 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFA69FA8BFF0BFA04" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">et al.</emphasis>
(2019)
</bibRefCitation>
erroneously in their subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFD83FA57FD05FA04" box="[610,698,1411,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Tenedia">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFD83FA57FD05FA04" box="[610,698,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Tenedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the result of a misidentification. The basis for this is shown in 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689854FFADFF76FA73FE2FFA58" author="Gallardo, R. J. &amp; Zhang, J. &amp; Cong, Q. &amp; Shen, J. &amp; Grishin, N." box="[151,400,1447,1473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" pagination="53 - 59" refId="ref7471" refString="Gallardo, R. J., Zhang, J., Cong, Q., Shen, J. &amp; Grishin, N. (2021) A uniquely patterned new species of Emesis from Honduras (Riodinidae). Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 31 (1), 53 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 4966751" type="journal article" year="2021">
Gallardo 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFEE0FA73FE84FA58" box="[257,315,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">et al.</emphasis>
(2021)
</bibRefCitation>
. In their figure 1- h, p. 54, the specimen identified as 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFC17FA73FBE3FA58" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[1014,1116,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFC17FA73FBE3FA58" box="[1014,1116,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. tegula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most likely 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFAE4FA73FE91FA7C" authority="Stichel, 1910" authorityName="Stichel" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFAE4FA73FA23FA59" box="[1285,1436,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis tristis</emphasis>
Stichel, 1910
</taxonomicName>
, a taxon which indeed shares the genomic and morphological characteristics of 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFB46FA1FFABAFA7C" box="[1191,1285,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFB46FA1FFABEFA7C" authorityName="C. Felder &amp; R. Felder" authorityYear="1861" box="[1191,1281,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenedia">Tenedia</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
as do 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFAACFA1FFE40F990" authority="Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886" authorityName="Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lupina">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFAACFA1FFF60F990" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis lupina</emphasis>
Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFDD8FA3BFB8FF990" authority="C. Felder &amp; R. Felder, 1861" authorityName="C. Felder &amp; R. Felder" authorityYear="1861" box="[569,1072,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenedia">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFDD8FA3BFD5CF990" box="[569,739,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis tenedia</emphasis>
C. Felder &amp; R. Felder, 1861
</taxonomicName>
, also illustrated. Comparison of the genitalia of both 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFE9EF9C7FE5BF9B4" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[383,484,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE9EF9C7FE5BF9B4" box="[383,484,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. tegula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9854FFADFE12F9C7FDC6F9B4" box="[499,633,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Figs. 19, 20</figureCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFD56F9C7FCEEF9B4" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[695,849,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFD56F9C7FCEEF9B4" box="[695,849,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFCB9F9C7FC0DF9B4" bold="true" box="[856,946,1555,1581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09854FFADFCB9F9C7FC0DF9B4" box="[856,946,1555,1581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9854FFADFC20F9C7FBF8F9B4" box="[961,1095,1554,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Figs. 15, 16</figureCitation>
) and with that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFAECF9C7FE05F9C8" authority="Gallardo &amp; Grishin, 2021" authorityName=", Gallardo &amp; Grishin" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eleanorae">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFAECF9C7FA23F9B4" box="[1293,1436,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. eleanorae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689854FFADFF76F9E3FE05F9C8" author="Gallardo, R. J. &amp; Zhang, J. &amp; Cong, Q. &amp; Shen, J. &amp; Grishin, N." box="[151,442,1591,1617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" pagination="53 - 59" refId="ref7471" refString="Gallardo, R. J., Zhang, J., Cong, Q., Shen, J. &amp; Grishin, N. (2021) A uniquely patterned new species of Emesis from Honduras (Riodinidae). Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 31 (1), 53 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 4966751" type="journal article" year="2021">Gallardo &amp; Grishin, 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, shows that these belong to the same subclade of 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFC05F9E3FBE5F9C8" box="[996,1114,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFC05F9E3FBEAF9C8" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1819" box="[996,1109,1591,1617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aphacites">Aphacites</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
as does 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFB5BF9E3FAEFF9C8" box="[1210,1360,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFB5BF9E3FAF2F9C8" authorityName=", Gallardo &amp; Grishin" authorityYear="2021" box="[1210,1357,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eleanorae">E. eleanorae</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999854FFACFF26F98FFDBBFF4C" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFF26F98FFE24F9EC" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[199,411,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFF26F98FFE24F9EC" box="[199,411,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09854FFADFE45F98FFDBDF9EC" box="[420,514,1627,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE45F98FFE01F9EC" bold="true" box="[420,446,1627,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE2EF98FFE44F9EC" bold="true" box="[463,507,1627,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
has been identified as 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFCECF98FFCCAF9EC" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[781,885,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFCECF98FFCCAF9EC" box="[781,885,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. tegula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9854FFADFC67F98FFBBDF9EC" box="[902,1026,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[152,270,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,187,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[264,1322,179,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. scale bars adults 10mm. Adult Figures: 1. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 2. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 3. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 4. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 5. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., dorsal view. 6. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., ventral view. 7. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, dorsal view. 8. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, ventral view. 9. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, dorsal view. Mexico, Veracruz, Teocelo. 10. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, ventral view. 11. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, dorsal view. Mexico, Pueblo Tequezquitla. 12. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, ventral view. 13. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. Male, field view. Colombia, Río Bravo, Valle del Cauca. 14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. male, field view. Cañón del Río Bravo, Calima, Valle del Cauca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045389/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Figs. 9–12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9854FFADFBF1F98FFBE7F9EC" box="[1040,1112,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">19–21</figureCitation>
), with which it is sympatric by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689854FFADFF5FF9ABFED1F900" author="DeVries, P. J." box="[190,366,1663,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" refId="ref7433" refString="DeVries, P. J. (1997) The Butterflies of Costa Rica and their natural History. Volume II: Riodinidae. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, xxvi + 288 pp." type="book" year="1997">DeVries (1997)</bibRefCitation>
(plate 17, 
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9854FFADFE10F9ABFD67F900" box="[497,728,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Figs. 17, 18 and 19</figureCitation>
), and in the section under 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFBF4F9ABFBC1F900" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[1045,1150,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFBF4F9ABFBC1F900" box="[1045,1150,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. tegula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689854FFADFB4EF9ABFA23F900" author="Warren, A. D. &amp; Davis, K. J. &amp; Stangeland, E. M. &amp; Pelham, J. P. &amp; Willmott, K. R. &amp; Grishin, N. V." box="[1199,1436,1663,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" refId="ref7992" refString="Warren, A. D., Davis, K. J., Stangeland, E. M., Pelham, J. P., Willmott, K. R. &amp; Grishin, N. V. (2023) Illustrated Lists of American Butterflies. Available from: http: // www. butterfliesofamerica. com / (accessed 23 June 2023)" type="url" year="2023">
Warren 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFAEAF9ABFAFFF900" box="[1291,1344,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">et al</emphasis>
. (2023)
</bibRefCitation>
(Figs. G7300, G7299 from 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099854FFADFE29F977FD9BF924" box="[456,548,1699,1725]" name="Panama" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Panama</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49CAF87B9854FFADFDCEF977FD2DF924" box="[559,658,1699,1725]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Chiriqui</collectingRegion>
). The males of both taxa share the light reddish-brown ventral surface but are separated by the strongly marked wing surfaces, especially the distal margins of the ventral surface of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFA65F913FEADF89C" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFA65F913FEADF89C" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFEFDF93FFEC6F89C" bold="true" box="[284,377,1771,1797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09854FFADFEFDF93FFEC6F89C" box="[284,377,1771,1797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
with well-marked crescent spots. The faint ventral surface maculation of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFB33F93FFA84F89C" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[1234,1339,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFB33F93FFA84F89C" box="[1234,1339,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. tegula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was the principal character cited by Godman &amp; Salvin (1886, p. 444) to identify this species.Although there are considerable individual differences in the male genitalia of both species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFCDCF8E7FC67F8D4" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[829,984,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFCDCF8E7FC67F8D4" box="[829,984,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFC01F8E7FB84F8D4" bold="true" box="[992,1083,1843,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09854FFADFC01F8E7FB84F8D4" box="[992,1083,1843,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be separated by the longer valvae, the lateral plate of the genitalia rounder, the tips of the valvae with the dorsal of the two posterior processes smaller, and a stouter aedeagus. The width of the lobes of the uncus are usually more widely spread. Another sympatric species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFE8EF84BFCCAF820" authority="(Cramer, 1780)" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1780" box="[367,885,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandana" subGenus="Mandania">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE8EF84BFE01F821" box="[367,446,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Emesis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFE30F84BFD01F820" box="[465,702,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">Mandania) mandana</emphasis>
(Cramer, 1780)
</taxonomicName>
has also been associated with 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9854FFADFB37F84BFACDF820" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[1238,1394,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFB37F84BFACDF820" box="[1238,1394,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">E. hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9854FFADFA9AF84BFF77F844" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09854FFADFA9AF84BFF77F844" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in Seitz (1916) and 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B689854FFADFE52F817FDDCF844" author="DeVries, P. J." box="[435,611,1987,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="410" refId="ref7433" refString="DeVries, P. J. (1997) The Butterflies of Costa Rica and their natural History. Volume II: Riodinidae. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, xxvi + 288 pp." type="book" year="1997">DeVries (1997)</bibRefCitation>
, but is separated by the lighter dorsal surface, lighter reddish tone to the ventral surface, distinct median band on both wings bordered distad with crescent spots and more rounded distal margins, as well as the genitalia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999855FFACFF26FF0BFAC9FE48" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">
The females of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9855FFACFE96FF0BFDAEFF60" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[375,529,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFE96FF0BFDAEFF60" box="[375,529,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">E. hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFDF8FF0BFDCCFF60" bold="true" box="[537,627,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09855FFACFDF8FF0BFDCCFF60" box="[537,627,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are more difficult to separate from other members of the genus, sharing the yellow shaded ventral surface and lighter median band of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9855FFACFCA0FED7FC0CFE84" authorityName="Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[833,947,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpina">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFCA0FED7FC0CFE84" box="[833,947,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">E. vulpina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFC09FED7FBECFE84" box="[1000,1107,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9855FFACFC09FED7FBF0FE84" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[1000,1103,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">E. tegula</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
as well as two slightly darker marginal spots on the apex of the ventral hindwing. However, the dorsal surface maculation is more pronounced and the ground color on both wing surfaces slightly darker than the other species (
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9855FFACFC1CFE9FFBD5FEFC" box="[1021,1130,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[152,270,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,187,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[264,1322,179,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. scale bars adults 10mm. Adult Figures: 1. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 2. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 3. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., dorsal view. 4. Female Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., ventral view. 5. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., dorsal view. 6. Male HOLOTYPE, Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., ventral view. 7. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, dorsal view. 8. Emesis hypoaithos ochros Callaghan et al. ssp. nov., intermediate male specimen, ventral view. 9. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, dorsal view. Mexico, Veracruz, Teocelo. 10. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, male, ventral view. 11. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, dorsal view. Mexico, Pueblo Tequezquitla. 12. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, 1886, female, ventral view. 13. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. Male, field view. Colombia, Río Bravo, Valle del Cauca. 14. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov. male, field view. Cañón del Río Bravo, Calima, Valle del Cauca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045389/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
). While sharing the median band with 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9855FFACFEEFFEBBFECBFE10" authorityName=", Godman &amp; Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[270,372,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tegula">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFEEFFEBBFECBFE10" box="[270,372,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">E. tegula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the spots on the margin of the VHW of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9855FFACFCA3FEBBFBABFE10" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[834,1044,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFCA3FEBBFBABFE10" box="[834,1044,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFBFAFEBBFBCAFE10" bold="true" box="[1051,1141,367,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09855FFACFBFAFEBBFBCAFE10" box="[1051,1141,367,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are more sharply defined, especially those on the apex. The female genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9855FFACFD1AFE47FC70FE34" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[763,975,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFD1AFE47FC70FE34" box="[763,975,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFC36FE47FB8CFE34" bold="true" box="[983,1075,403,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09855FFACFC36FE47FB8CFE34" box="[983,1075,403,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be separated from those of other members of the clade by the shorter sclerotized section before the entrance to the ostium bursae (
<figureCitation id="13352A1C9855FFACFAF7FE63FAD6FE48" box="[1302,1385,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,181,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[236,1351,181,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. Genitalia Figures: 15. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, lateral view. 16. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, ventral view. 17. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., female genitalia. 18. Emesis hypoaithos Callaghan et al. sp. nov., male genitalia, showing structure of everted vesica with cornuti. 19. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, lateral view. 20. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, male genitalia, ventral view. 21. Emesis tegula, Godman &amp; Salvin, female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045395/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136999855FFACFF26FE0EFBD3FD1C" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFF26FE0EFE80FE6D" bold="true" box="[199,319,474,500]" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">Variation.</emphasis>
In the populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D1A9855FFACFDDCFE0FFCB0FE6C" authority="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver, 2024" authorityName="Callaghan &amp; Trujano-Ortega &amp; Ríos-Málaver" authorityYear="2024" box="[573,783,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Emesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypoaithos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFDDCFE0FFCB0FE6C" box="[573,783,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">Emesis hypoaithos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEA8B9855FFACFCF9FE0FFCCCFE6C" bold="true" box="[792,883,475,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957F09855FFACFCF9FE0FFCCCFE6C" box="[792,883,475,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
studied, the principal variation in the males was size and a slightly lighter shading of the ground color on the dorsal and ventral surfaces with a slightly different width of the median band. The male genitalia show considerable individual variation, especially in the separation of the lobes of the uncus from a ventral perspective. However, a population inhabiting the western cordillera and Chocó region of 
<collectingCountry id="F31976099855FFACFEB5FDBFFE7DFD1C" box="[340,450,619,645]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="411">Colombia</collectingCountry>
is quite distinct and we describe it here as a new subspecies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>