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<mods:title id="5B2EDDDE76B18E7A70B1CA5F5EB521D2">External egg structure of the Pentatomidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) and the search for characters with phylogenetic importance</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D7B923AE8BE85A92C81D4601912F06F3">Matesco, Viviana Cauduro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="76582889787B997D4DEF6F486A8D4DDD">Bianchi, Filipe Michels</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EE6ACAAE3D570EB8CA9B45A6279E27DA">Fürstenau, Brenda Bianca Rodrigues Jesse</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F56BB50036BCEAD21436315BFFEFFA54">Silva, Priscila Poock Da</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03A487D39A35033EE49727BCEA08FA60" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5584501" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119416358" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5584501" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A487D39A35033EE49727BCEA08FA60" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A487D39A35033EE49727BCEA08FA60" lastPageNumber="372" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">
<subSubSection id="C317654E9A35033EE49727BCEA08FC55" box="[151,532,903,930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="372" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB236C59A35033EE49727BCEA08FC55" blockId="21.[151,532,903,963]" box="[151,532,903,930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D469A35033EE49727BCEA08FC55" authority="Distant, 1893" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,532,903,930]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Capivaccius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="372" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bufo">
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<emphasis id="B979EAD79A35033EE49727BCE974FC56" bold="true" box="[151,360,903,929]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Capivaccius bufo</emphasis>
Distant, 1893
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<subSubSection id="C317654E9A35033EE4972791E99EFC34" box="[151,386,938,963]" pageId="21" pageNumber="372" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB236C59A35033EE4972791E99EFC34" blockId="21.[151,532,903,963]" box="[151,386,938,963]" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">
(
<figureCitation id="13362A409A35033EE49F2791E934FC34" box="[159,296,938,963]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 81" captionStartId="20.[151,263,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1477]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73 81. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Fig. 73. Serdia apicicornis Stål, detail of AMP. Figs. 74 76. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner &amp; Grazia. Fig. 74. Lateral view. Fig. 75. Anterior view. Fig. 76. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Figs. 77 81. Capivaccius bufo Distant. Fig. 77. Anterior view. Fig. 78. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 79. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 80. Detail of anterior pole. Fig. 81. Detail of AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec eclosion line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252054/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Figs. 7781</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C68F037E9A35033EE5332791E966FC34" box="[307,378,938,963]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,235,152,174]" captionTargetBox="[159,1401,201,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements of the eggs of species of the Pentatomidae (SD, standard deviation)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF72664D9A290322E49724A3EC49FF59" pageId="21" pageNumber="372" tableUuid="DF72664D9A290322E49724A3EC49FF59">Tab. 2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C317654E9A35033EE49727C8EA08FA60" pageId="21" pageNumber="372" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB236C59A35033EE49727C8ECDDFBA4" blockId="21.[151,1436,1010,1431]" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Eggs barrel-shaped; color prior to embryonic development white with a dark spot at operculum and a wide spot at the middle of lateral wall; operculum round, central portion slightly convex; chorion reticulated, light brown with dark brown spots. The eclosion line is not evident, and the AMPs are inconspicuous under SM.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB236C59A35033EE4C72065EA08FA60" blockId="21.[151,1436,1010,1431]" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">
The chorion surface is reticulated and covered by hexagonal cells with fringed edges under SEM (
<figureCitation id="13362A409A35033EE1082065ED8CFB80" box="[1288,1424,1118,1143]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 81" captionStartId="20.[151,263,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1477]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73 81. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Fig. 73. Serdia apicicornis Stål, detail of AMP. Figs. 74 76. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner &amp; Grazia. Fig. 74. Lateral view. Fig. 75. Anterior view. Fig. 76. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Figs. 77 81. Capivaccius bufo Distant. Fig. 77. Anterior view. Fig. 78. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 79. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 80. Detail of anterior pole. Fig. 81. Detail of AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec eclosion line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252054/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Figs. 77, 78</figureCitation>
). At the lateral wall, especially near the anterior pole, the cells are delimited by long and filiform chorionic projections (
<figureCitation id="13362A409A35033EE523209DE96BFB48" box="[291,375,1190,1215]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 81" captionStartId="20.[151,263,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1477]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73 81. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Fig. 73. Serdia apicicornis Stål, detail of AMP. Figs. 74 76. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner &amp; Grazia. Fig. 74. Lateral view. Fig. 75. Anterior view. Fig. 76. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Figs. 77 81. Capivaccius bufo Distant. Fig. 77. Anterior view. Fig. 78. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 79. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 80. Detail of anterior pole. Fig. 81. Detail of AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec eclosion line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252054/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Fig. 78</figureCitation>
); this confers an aspect far more pilose to the lateral wall than to the operculum (
<figureCitation id="13362A409A35033EE106209DED8CFB48" box="[1286,1424,1190,1215]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 81" captionStartId="20.[151,263,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1477]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73 81. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Fig. 73. Serdia apicicornis Stål, detail of AMP. Figs. 74 76. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner &amp; Grazia. Fig. 74. Lateral view. Fig. 75. Anterior view. Fig. 76. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Figs. 77 81. Capivaccius bufo Distant. Fig. 77. Anterior view. Fig. 78. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 79. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 80. Detail of anterior pole. Fig. 81. Detail of AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec eclosion line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252054/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Figs. 77, 79</figureCitation>
). The operculum is similarly sculptured, except for shorter fringes (
<figureCitation id="13362A409A35033EE77B20F1EBE6FB14" box="[891,1018,1226,1251]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 81" captionStartId="20.[151,263,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1477]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73 81. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Fig. 73. Serdia apicicornis Stål, detail of AMP. Figs. 74 76. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner &amp; Grazia. Fig. 74. Lateral view. Fig. 75. Anterior view. Fig. 76. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Figs. 77 81. Capivaccius bufo Distant. Fig. 77. Anterior view. Fig. 78. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 79. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 80. Detail of anterior pole. Fig. 81. Detail of AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec eclosion line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252054/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Fig. 77, 79</figureCitation>
); the eclosion line is evident, marked by the absence of hexagonal cells and surrounded by dense irregular laminate chorionic projections (
<figureCitation id="13362A409A35033EE10520D5ED93FAF0" box="[1285,1423,1262,1287]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 81" captionStartId="20.[151,263,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1477]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73 81. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Fig. 73. Serdia apicicornis Stål, detail of AMP. Figs. 74 76. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner &amp; Grazia. Fig. 74. Lateral view. Fig. 75. Anterior view. Fig. 76. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Figs. 77 81. Capivaccius bufo Distant. Fig. 77. Anterior view. Fig. 78. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 79. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 80. Detail of anterior pole. Fig. 81. Detail of AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec eclosion line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252054/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Figs. 80, 81</figureCitation>
). The AMPs are circularly arranged in a row around the anterior pole, short and clubbed but scarcely visible at lower magnification, except for circular and spaced spots in which the chorionic projections are sparser (
<figureCitation id="13362A409A35033EE0F5210DED57FAB8" box="[1269,1355,1334,1359]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 81" captionStartId="20.[151,263,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1477]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73 81. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Fig. 73. Serdia apicicornis Stål, detail of AMP. Figs. 74 76. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner &amp; Grazia. Fig. 74. Lateral view. Fig. 75. Anterior view. Fig. 76. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Figs. 77 81. Capivaccius bufo Distant. Fig. 77. Anterior view. Fig. 78. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 79. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 80. Detail of anterior pole. Fig. 81. Detail of AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec eclosion line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252054/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
). Their opening, if present, is not evident (
<figureCitation id="13362A409A35033EE6192161EABCFA84" box="[537,672,1370,1395]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 81" captionStartId="20.[151,263,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1477]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73 81. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Fig. 73. Serdia apicicornis Stål, detail of AMP. Figs. 74 76. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner &amp; Grazia. Fig. 74. Lateral view. Fig. 75. Anterior view. Fig. 76. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Figs. 77 81. Capivaccius bufo Distant. Fig. 77. Anterior view. Fig. 78. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 79. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 80. Detail of anterior pole. Fig. 81. Detail of AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec eclosion line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252054/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Figs. 79, 81</figureCitation>
). Under high magnification, the surface of those processes is at most irregular but not spongy (
<figureCitation id="13362A409A35033EE5B42145EA1BFA60" box="[436,519,1406,1431]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 81" captionStartId="20.[151,263,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1477]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73 81. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Fig. 73. Serdia apicicornis Stål, detail of AMP. Figs. 74 76. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner &amp; Grazia. Fig. 74. Lateral view. Fig. 75. Anterior view. Fig. 76. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Figs. 77 81. Capivaccius bufo Distant. Fig. 77. Anterior view. Fig. 78. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 79. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 80. Detail of anterior pole. Fig. 81. Detail of AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec eclosion line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252054/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Fig. 81</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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