treatments-xml/data/03/8D/A0/038DA03EFFB1FFC1FF372EC0FE6B6D27.xml
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<document id="0CFC57DE406C3523B8315492E200C0C5" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629782423812" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gon, Ofer &amp; Allen, Gerald R." docDate="2012" docId="038DA03EFFB1FFC1FF372EC0FE6B6D27" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03294p084.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3294" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Siphamia mossambica Smith" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FFB4D846FF84FFF6FFA02D6AFFD96C44" masterDocTitle="3294" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1699110927886" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<treatment id="038DA03EFFB1FFC1FF372EC0FE6B6D27" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5252448" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5252448" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038DA03EFFB1FFC1FF372EC0FE6B6D27" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038DA03EFFB1FFC1FF372EC0FE6B6D27" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB1FFC3FF372EC0FE216F80" blockId="53.[151,504,938,997]" box="[151,504,938,964]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<heading id="D0D3A644FFB1FFC3FF372EC0FE216F80" bold="true" box="[151,504,938,964]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB1FFC3FF372EC0FE216F80" ID-CoL="6Z2QK" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[151,504,938,964]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mossambica">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB1FFC3FF372EC0FE216F80" bold="true" box="[151,504,938,964]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB1FFC3FF372EC0FE7F6F80" bold="true" box="[151,422,938,964]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Siphamia mossambica</emphasis>
Smith
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E42A3FFB1FFC3FF372EA7FE9D6FA1" box="[151,324,973,997]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB1FFC3FF372EA7FE9D6FA1" blockId="53.[151,504,938,997]" box="[151,324,973,997]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<figureCitation id="131F0DADFFB1FFC3FF372EA7FEC96FA1" box="[151,272,973,997]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="54.[151,250,977,1000]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,312,928]" captionTargetId="figure-571@54.[151,1436,303,955]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 26. Siphamia mossambica SAIAB 64586, 29.2 mm, Sodwana Bay, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figures 26</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131F0DADFFB1FFC3FEBC2EA7FE9D6FA1" box="[284,324,973,997]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="57.[151,244,1815,1836]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,187,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-107@57.[151,1436,167,1828]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 28. Photos of Siphamia species: (a) S. mossambica BPBM 20188, 28.0 mm, Mauritius (J.E. Randall). (b) Siphamia randalli ROM 60957, 23.2 mm, holotype, Cook Bay, Moorea, Society Islands (R. Winterbottom). (c) S. roseigaster AMS I.41858-011, 57.0 mm, Clarence River, New South Wales, Australia (M. McGrouther). (d) S. senoui KPM-NI 5683, 18.2 mm, paratype, Iriomote, Ryukyu Islands, Japan (H. Senou). (e) S. spinicola BPBM 27105, 24.4 mm, holotype, Kinde Reef, New Caledonia (J.E. Randall). (f, g) S. stenotes, Triton Bay, West Papua, Indonesia; holotype (g) NCIP 6315, 23.9 mm (G.R. Allen)." pageId="53" pageNumber="54">28a</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E42A3FFB1FFC3FF37297FFE9D682C" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB1FFC3FF37297FFAF9686F" blockId="53.[151,1436,1045,1128]" box="[151,1312,1045,1067]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB343606FFB1FFC3FF37297FFAF9686F" box="[151,1312,1045,1067]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<treatmentCitation id="0A853739FFB1FFC3FF37297FFDFD686F" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[151,548,1045,1067]" page="63" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" year="1955">
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB1FFC3FF37297FFDFD686F" ID-CoL="6Z2QK" authority="Smith, 1955: 63" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,548,1045,1067]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mossambica">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB1FFC3FF37297FFEA3686F" box="[151,378,1045,1067]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Siphamia mossambica</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B4C1B75FFB1FFC3FE20297FFDFD686F" box="[384,548,1045,1067]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="Mozambique" location="Bazaruto Island" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCode="SAIAB 345" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB56CD9FFB1FFC3FE20297FFDFD686F" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[384,548,1045,1067]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="61 - 66" refId="ref65403" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1955) Siphamiine fishes from South and East Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (12) 8 (85), 61 - 66." type="journal article" year="1955">Smith, 1955: 63</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 1 (type locality,
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,
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB1FFC3FC00297FFBF0686F" box="[928,1065,1045,1067]" name="Mozambique" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
;
<typeStatus id="549FAF8AFFB1FFC3FB93297FFB57686F" box="[1075,1166,1045,1067]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCode id="DB82B953FFB1FFC3FB39297FFACC686F" box="[1177,1301,1045,1067]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 345</specimenCode>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB1FFC3FF37295EFE9D682C" blockId="53.[151,1436,1045,1128]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB343606FFB1FFC3FF37295EFE9D682C" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<treatmentCitation id="0A853739FFB1FFC3FF37295EFD48680D" author="Fourmanoir, P. &amp; Crosnier, A." box="[151,657,1075,1098]" page="7" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" year="1964">
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB1FFC3FF37295EFD48680D" ID-CoL="4XNCB" authority="Fourmanoir and Crosnier, 1964: 7" authorityName="Fourmanoir and Crosnier" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1964" box="[151,657,1075,1098]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB1FFC3FF37295EFEEA680D" box="[151,307,1076,1098]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Siphamia nigra</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B4C1B75FFB1FFC3FE992959FD48680D" box="[313,657,1075,1097]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="Madagascar" location="Ambatoloaka" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCode="MNHN 1973-0043" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB56CD9FFB1FFC3FE992959FD48680D" author="Fourmanoir, P. &amp; Crosnier, A." box="[313,657,1075,1097]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="2 - 32" refId="ref63264" refString="Fourmanoir, P. &amp; Crosnier, A. (1964) Deuxieme liste complementaire des poissons du canal de Mozambique. Diagnoses preliminaire de 11 especes nouvelles. Cahiers O. R. S. T. O. M. Oceanographie Ser. Nosy-Be II, (6) (1963), 2 - 32." type="journal article" year="1964">Fourmanoir and Crosnier, 1964: 7</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 4 (type locality,
<location id="8EFB47F3FFB1FFC3FCC82959FC2A680D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038DA03EFFB1FFC1FF372EC0FE6B6D27:8EFB47F3FFB1FFC3FCC82959FC2A680D" box="[872,1011,1075,1097]" country="Madagascar" name="Ambatoloaka" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Ambatoloaka</location>
, Nosy-Bé,
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB1FFC3FBC32959FB38680D" box="[1123,1249,1075,1097]" name="Madagascar" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
;
<typeStatus id="549FAF8AFFB1FFC3FB4A295EFA9C680D" box="[1258,1349,1076,1097]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCode id="DB82B953FFB1FFC3FAEF295EFEE0682C" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">MNHN 1973-0043</specimenCode>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E42A3FFB1FFC3FF3729FFFE1B6B71" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB1FFC3FF3729FFFC0F69ED" blockId="53.[151,1436,1173,2026]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB1FFC3FF3729FFFECA68EA" bold="true" box="[151,275,1173,1198]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Dorsal rays VII+I,9; anal rays II,8; pectoral rays 1416; tubed lateral-line scales 712; median predorsal scales 35; total gill rakers 34 + 910; developed gill rakers 1 + 8; gill rakers on ceratobranchial 67. Body depth
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB1FFC3FF3729B7FECB68B1" box="[151,274,1245,1269]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4135" metricValueMax="6.731" metricValueMin="6.096" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="in" value="2.525" valueMax="2.65" valueMin="2.4">2.42.65 in</quantity>
SL and body width
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB1FFC3FE5229B7FDB968B1" box="[498,608,1245,1269]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.953" metricValueMax="5.588" metricValueMin="4.318" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="in" value="1.95" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.7">1.72.2 in</quantity>
the depth; eye diameter
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB1FFC3FCCF29B7FC0468B1" box="[879,989,1245,1269]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366000000000001" metricValueMax="7.8740000000000006" metricValueMin="6.8580000000000005" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="in" value="2.9" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.7">2.73.1 in</quantity>
head length; first dorsal spine
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB1FFC3FA8E29B7FA4568B1" box="[1326,1436,1245,1269]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.763" metricValueMax="11.43" metricValueMin="6.096" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="in" value="3.45" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="2.4">2.44.5 in</quantity>
second spine; second dorsal spine 3.94.95, spine of second dorsal fin 4.35.2, and second anal spine 5.77.0, all in head length; pectoral-fin length 4.35.0 and pelvic-fin length 4.0
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB1FFC3FCFE284FFC426979" box="[862,923,1317,1341]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="in" value="4.8">4.8 in</quantity>
SL; caudal-peduncle length 1.42.0 in distance between pelvic spine insertion and anal-fin origin. Preopercular edge with 019 (usually 512) serrations around angle; preopercular ridge smooth. Scales weakly spinoid to cycloid. Vomer and palatines with 12 series of small conical teeth. Tip of light organ on each side of tongue bound by membrane.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB1FFC3FF6728DFFBB769B5" blockId="53.[151,1436,1173,2026]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Colour in life (from underwater photo by Dennis King): body brown with purplish tinge, similar to the colour of the spines of the sea urchin in which the fish live; fins transparent with reddish tinge.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB1FFC3FF672897FBFA6A19" blockId="53.[151,1436,1173,2026]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Colour when fresh (from colour slide by J.E. Randall): translucent with purplish tinge and mostly large dark dots on body and head; orange-brown dots present on iris; fin spines and rays with dark pigment basally, and orange-brown dots along their margin; light organ silvery with dark vertical or slanted striations.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB1FFC3FF662B03FE256AA9" blockId="53.[151,1436,1173,2026]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Colour in alcohol: variable; body usually brown with dark brown to blackish dots that may form 13 dark stripes; all fins usually with dark dots or diffuse dark pigment proximally; first dorsal fin spines sometimes with dark dots along most of their length; anus sometimes dark; peritoneum with dark dots of various sizes; intestine and stomach with smaller dark dots.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB1FFC3FF672B93FE1B6B71" blockId="53.[151,1436,1173,2026]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
Smallest specimen examined, USNM 349778,
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, from
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB1FFC3FC252B93FC366B55" box="[901,1007,1785,1809]" name="Mauritius" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
and largest specimen, WAM P.26460- 006,
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB1FFC3FF6D2A77FEE86B71" box="[205,305,1821,1845]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="33.6">33.6 mm</quantity>
, from
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB1FFC3FED72A77FE676B71" box="[375,446,1821,1845]" name="Oman" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Oman</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E42A3FFB1FFC0FF672A2BFF216AB2" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB1FFC0FF672A2BFAA86CB3" blockId="53.[151,1436,1173,2026]" lastBlockId="54.[151,1436,151,247]" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB1FFC3FF672A2BFEE46B1D" bold="true" box="[199,317,1857,1881]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Remarks:</emphasis>
See
<tableCitation id="C6A62493FFB1FFC3FED32A2BFE346B1D" box="[371,493,1857,1881]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStart-2="TABLE 3" captionStartId-0="4.[151,232,984,1005]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,232,157,178]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,232,1139,1160]" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Frequency Distribution of Pectoral-Fin Rays in Species of Siphamia." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Frequency Distribution of Lateral-Line Scales to the end of the hypural plate in Species of Siphamia." captionText-2="TABLE 3. Frequency Distribution of Developed Gill Rakers in Species of Siphamia." pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Tables 13</tableCitation>
for frequency distributions of pectoral rays, lateral-line scales and gill rakers. Small fish (17.0 mm or smaller) usually have a subcutaneous dark dot at the base of each second dorsal- and anal-fin ray. These dots are responsible for the dark colour at the base of these fins when expanded in larger specimens. In a
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB1FFC3FF372AC7FF226B81" box="[151,251,1965,1989]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="12.2">12.2 mm</quantity>
specimen the light organ ended at about the middle of the caudal peduncle and in a 17.0 mm fish it had reached its final position over the base of the anterior procurrent caudal rays. The
<typeStatus id="549FAF8AFFB1FFC3FB8F2ABBFB486BAD" box="[1071,1169,2001,2025]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of this species (SAIAB 345) is in poor condition, and seems to have been at least partially desiccated in the past. Fins, jaws and the top of the head are damaged, scales are glued to the skin and the opercular bones are falling apart. The left side of the fish has seven tubed lateral-line scales present and clear impressions of five additional ones indicating a total of 12.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5B41A0FFB2FFC0FF372EBBFB066FA3" box="[151,1247,977,1000]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" startId="54.[151,250,977,1000]" targetBox="[163,1432,312,928]" targetPageId="54">
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB2FFC0FF372EBBFB066FA3" blockId="54.[151,1247,977,1000]" box="[151,1247,977,1000]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FF372EBBFEC66FAC" bold="true" box="[151,287,977,1000]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FE852EBBFD826FA3" authority="SAIAB" authorityName="SAIAB" box="[293,603,977,999]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mossambica">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FE852EBBFDD06FA3" box="[293,521,977,999]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Siphamia mossambica</emphasis>
SAIAB
</taxonomicName>
64586, 29.2 mm, Sodwana Bay, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB2FFC0FF672965FD0869F6" blockId="54.[151,1436,1039,2035]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
This species is a member of the
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FD972965FD466863" box="[567,671,1039,1063]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tubifer">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FD972965FD466863" box="[567,671,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. tubifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group. It resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FC422965FB926863" box="[994,1099,1039,1063]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraseri">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FC422965FB926863" box="[994,1099,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. fraseri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the south Pacific and
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FA272965FF37680F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arabica">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FA272965FA4C6863" box="[1415,1429,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FF372959FF37680F" box="[151,238,1075,1099]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">arabica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB2FFC0FE122958FE2F680E" box="[434,502,1074,1098]" name="Oman" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Oman</collectingCountry>
with which it shares a similar range of tubed lateral-line scales (
<tableCitation id="C6A62493FFB2FFC0FB612958FACE680E" box="[1217,1303,1074,1098]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,232,157,178]" captionText="TABLE 2. Frequency Distribution of Lateral-Line Scales to the end of the hypural plate in Species of Siphamia." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Table 2</tableCitation>
) and colour pattern. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FEC6293DFE17682B" box="[358,462,1111,1135]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraseri">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FEC6293DFEAD682B" box="[358,372,1111,1135]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FE23293DFE17682B" box="[387,462,1111,1135]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">fraseri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FDC2293DFCD1682B" box="[610,776,1111,1135]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mossambica">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FDC2293DFDA9682B" box="[610,624,1111,1135]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FDDE293DFCD1682B" box="[638,776,1111,1135]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">mossambica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having 1011 developed gill rakers (
<tableCitation id="C6A62493FFB2FFC0FB66293DFAC5682B" box="[1222,1308,1111,1135]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,232,1139,1160]" captionText="TABLE 3. Frequency Distribution of Developed Gill Rakers in Species of Siphamia." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Table 3</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FA92293DFF3768D7" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arabica">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FA92293DFF3768D7" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Siphamia arabica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows a very small overlap with
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FDC72911FCD468D7" box="[615,781,1147,1171]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mossambica">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FDC72911FDAC68D7" box="[615,629,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FD232911FCD468D7" box="[643,781,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">mossambica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the total number of developed gill rakers and these two species are modally different in the number of gill rakers on the ceratobranchial (
<tableCitation id="C6A62493FFB2FFC0FB8F29F5FB5E68F3" box="[1071,1159,1183,1207]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,232,1139,1160]" captionText="TABLE 3. Frequency Distribution of Developed Gill Rakers in Species of Siphamia." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Table 3</tableCitation>
). In addition,
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FA8829F5FA4568F3" box="[1320,1436,1183,1207]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arabica">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FA8829F5FA4568F3" box="[1320,1436,1183,1207]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. arabica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a shorter caudal fin (
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB2FFC0FE0929A8FDF3689E" box="[425,554,1218,1242]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04775" metricValueMax="1.0921999999999998" metricValueMin="1.0033" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="in" value="4.125" valueMax="4.3" valueMin="3.95">3.954.3 in</quantity>
SL), higher spiny dorsal fin (third and longest dorsal-fin spine 2.0
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB2FFC0FA8129A8FAB9689E" box="[1313,1376,1218,1242]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="in" value="2.5">2.5 in</quantity>
head length) and a longer pelvic-fin spine (
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB2FFC0FD9E298DFD6968BB" box="[574,688,1255,1279]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9369999999999994" metricValueMax="4.318" metricValueMin="3.5559999999999996" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="in" value="1.5499999999999998" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.4">1.41.7 in</quantity>
pelvic fin length).
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FC26298DFB9968BB" box="[902,1088,1255,1279]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tubifer">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FC26298DFB9968BB" box="[902,1088,1255,1279]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Siphamia tubifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which may co-occur with this species in the northern part of the western Indian Ocean, also has a similar colour pattern and a similar number of developed gill rakers (
<tableCitation id="C6A62493FFB2FFC0FE362845FE376903" box="[406,494,1327,1351]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,232,1139,1160]" captionText="TABLE 3. Frequency Distribution of Developed Gill Rakers in Species of Siphamia." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Table 3</tableCitation>
). However,
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FDDB2845FD3D6903" box="[635,740,1327,1351]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tubifer">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FDDB2845FD3D6903" box="[635,740,1327,1351]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. tubifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has more lateral-line scales (
<tableCitation id="C6A62493FFB2FFC0FB932845FB526903" box="[1075,1163,1327,1351]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,232,157,178]" captionText="TABLE 2. Frequency Distribution of Lateral-Line Scales to the end of the hypural plate in Species of Siphamia." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Table 2</tableCitation>
) and generally a longer pelvic-fin spine (
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB2FFC0FEF82838FE15692E" box="[344,460,1362,1386]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" metricValueMax="4.318" metricValueMin="3.302" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="in" value="1.5" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.3">1.31.7 in</quantity>
pelvic-fin length versus
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB2FFC0FD492838FC85692E" box="[745,860,1362,1386]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.571999999999999" metricValueMax="4.826" metricValueMin="4.318" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="in" value="1.7999999999999998" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.7">1.71.9 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FCC42839FBD2692F" box="[868,1035,1363,1387]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mossambica">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FCC42839FBD2692F" box="[868,1035,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. mossambica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FB842839FB15692F" box="[1060,1228,1363,1387]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mossambica">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FB842839FB15692F" box="[1060,1228,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. mossambica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has a similar colour pattern to
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FEF7281DFE1669CB" box="[343,463,1399,1423]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="majimai">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FEF7281DFE1669CB" box="[343,463,1399,1423]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. majimai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FDA6281DFDB369CB" box="[518,618,1399,1423]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goreni">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FDA6281DFDB369CB" box="[518,618,1399,1423]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. goreni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FDD8281DFC9C69CB" box="[632,837,1399,1423]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="majimai">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FDD8281DFC9C69CB" box="[632,837,1399,1423]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Siphamia majimai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has six spines in the first dorsal fin. See Remarks for
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FF3728F1FF2269F6" box="[151,251,1435,1459]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goreni">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FF3728F1FF2269F6" box="[151,251,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. goreni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
above for a comparison with this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB2FFC0FF6728D5FBC86A23" blockId="54.[151,1436,1039,2035]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB56CD9FFB2FFC0FF6728D5FE8F6993" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[199,342,1471,1495]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="61 - 66" refId="ref65403" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1955) Siphamiine fishes from South and East Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (12) 8 (85), 61 - 66." type="journal article" year="1955">Smith (1955</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB56CD9FFB2FFC0FEC428D5FE446993" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[356,413,1471,1495]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="373 - 418" refId="ref65440" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1961) Fishes of the family Apogonidae of the Western Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. Ichthyological Bulletin, Rhodes University (22), 373 - 418." type="journal article" year="1961">1961</bibRefCitation>
) described the live colour of the
<typeStatus id="549FAF8AFFB2FFC0FCBF28D5FC586993" box="[799,897,1471,1495]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of this species as translucent with dark specks forming rows along the body, and pale fins. His
<typeStatus id="549FAF8AFFB2FFC0FD7D2889FCE469BF" box="[733,829,1507,1531]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(SAIAB 785), a smaller specimen, had “only faint indications” of these dark spots making Smith uncertain that the two were conspecific. Smith, who was not a diver, did not see this species in its natural environment and he did not realize that it can change colours rapidly when threatened or following death. See also Remarks for the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FCF62B25FC196A23" authorityName="Lachner" authorityYear="1953" box="[854,960,1615,1639]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FCF62B25FC196A23" box="[854,960,1615,1639]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Siphamia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB2FFC0FF672B19FF216AB2" blockId="54.[151,1436,1039,2035]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FF672B19FE1D6ACF" box="[199,452,1651,1675]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Siphamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mossambica">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FF672B19FE1D6ACF" box="[199,452,1651,1675]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Siphamia mossambica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to the western Indian Ocean. It has been collected along the east coast of Africa from
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB2FFC0FE852BFDFEB76AEB" box="[293,366,1687,1711]" name="Kenya" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Kenya</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB2FFC0FE342BFDFDF16AEB" box="[404,552,1687,1711]" name="South Africa" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB2FFC0FD952BFDFD766AEB" box="[565,687,1687,1711]" name="Seychelles" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB2FFC0FD1B2BFDFCA86AEB" box="[699,881,1687,1711]" name="Comoros" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Comoro Islands</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB2FFC0FCDE2BFDFBDC6AEB" box="[894,1029,1687,1711]" name="Madagascar" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB2FFC0FB9E2BFDFB726AEB" box="[1086,1195,1687,1711]" name="Mauritius" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="131F0DADFFB2FFC0FB1B2BFDFAD96AEB" box="[1211,1280,1687,1711]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[313,1277,1226,1943]" captionTargetId="figure-193@14.[313,1277,1226,1943]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7. Distribution of Siphamia arabica, S. bervilux, S. cephalotes, S. corallicola, S. cuneiceps, S. elongata, S. fistulosa, S. mossambica and S. roseigaster." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), at depths of
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5
<specimenCount id="9D22DAA1FFB2FFC0FF122BD0FF296A96" box="[178,240,1722,1746]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="generic">26 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Collection data indicate it is generally associated with the sea urchins
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FBBD2BD1FB226A97" box="[1053,1275,1723,1747]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Echinotrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="diadema">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FBBD2BD1FB226A97" box="[1053,1275,1723,1747]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Echinotrix diadema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C246AABFFB2FFC0FA952BD1FF286AB3" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Diademaceae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pleosporales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="setosum">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FA952BD1FF286AB3" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Diadema setosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E42A3FFB2FFC1FF672A68FE6B6D27" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9B1128FFB2FFC1FF672A68FE6B6D27" blockId="54.[151,1436,1039,2035]" lastBlockId="55.[151,1438,151,356]" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B950CD3AFFB2FFC0FF672A68FE6D6B5F" bold="true" box="[199,436,1794,1819]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B4C1B75FFB2FFC0FE1C2A68FB4E6B5E" box="[444,1175,1794,1818]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Kenya" location="Shimoni" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCode="USNM 374487, 2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mombasa">
<collectingCountry id="F33351B8FFB2FFC0FE1C2A68FDC66B5E" box="[444,543,1794,1818]" name="Kenya" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">KENYA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49E0DFCAFFB2FFC0FD8A2A68FD426B5E" box="[554,667,1794,1818]" country="Kenya" name="Mombasa" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Mombasa</collectingRegion>
,
<specimenCode id="DB82B953FFB2FFC0FD082A68FC816B5E" box="[680,856,1794,1818]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Museum">USNM 374487</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB82B953FFB2FFC0FCC42A68FCAC6B5E" box="[868,885,1794,1818]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Museum">2</specimenCode>
:
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB2FFC0FC222A68FBF06B5E" box="[898,1065,1794,1818]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.155" metricValueMax="2.33" metricValueMin="1.98" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="21.55" valueMax="23.3" valueMin="19.8">19.823.3 mm</quantity>
.
<location id="8EFB47F3FFB2FFC0FB952A68FB4E6B5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038DA03EFFB1FFC1FF372EC0FE6B6D27:8EFB47F3FFB2FFC0FB952A68FB4E6B5E" box="[1077,1175,1794,1818]" country="Kenya" name="Shimoni" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Mombasa">Shimoni</location>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B4C1B75FFB2FFC0FB032A68FED76B7B" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="Kenya" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCode="SAIAB 785" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DB82B953FFB2FFC0FB032A68FAF26B5E" box="[1187,1323,1794,1818]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 785</specimenCode>
,
<quantity id="4CDCBCCDFFB2FFC0FA982A68FA456B5E" box="[1336,1436,1794,1818]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="18.3">18.3 mm</quantity>
(
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
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