treatments-xml/data/03/8A/87/038A87C1FF85FFF8A190FC6ABCFE9918.xml

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<mods:title id="DE54E57FF79F229B0DED75CBCEF718C6">A new species of Sympodium (Octocorallia, Xeniidae) from Miyazaki, Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="34D5E7567D1266919943DC301A7A9CE8">Kuroshio Biological Research Foundation, 560 Nishidomari, Otuki, Kochi 788 - 0333, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="83F1CE28E595386A9174DE97553B511C">Department of Marine Biology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi- 1 - 1, Miyazaki 889 - 2192, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF85FFF2A190FC6ABFC398D9" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,405,901,928]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF85FFF2A190FC6ABFC398D9" bold="true" box="[151,405,901,928]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF85FFF2A198FC45BF5D98BD" box="[159,267,938,964]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStart-5="FIGURE 7" captionStart-6="FIGURE 8" captionStart-7="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionStartId-2="8.[151,250,1144,1168]" captionStartId-3="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-4="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionStartId-5="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-6="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-7="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1253]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,181,1120]" captionTargetBox-3="[167,1421,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-4="[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetBox-5="[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-6="[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-7="[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@6.[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@7.[151,1436,181,1253]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@8.[151,1436,181,1120]" captionTargetId-3="figure-19@10.[167,1421,181,1919]" captionTargetId-4="figure-30@11.[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetId-5="figure-19@12.[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetId-6="figure-30@13.[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetId-7="figure-19@14.[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="10" captionTargetPageId-4="11" captionTargetPageId-5="12" captionTargetPageId-6="13" captionTargetPageId-7="14" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A. Holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Higher magnification of part of the holotype (KBF-OA-00081). C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) D. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00082). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). F. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00083). G. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. H. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00084). The red arrow indicates where the polyps are densely packed form knob-like mounds. The yellow arrow indicates where the polyps are less dense and coenenchyme can be observed. Scale bar: 10 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Tentacles of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. aboral (left) and oral sides (right) A. A schema of the holotype KBF-OA- 00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Stereoscopic microscopes images of holotype KBF-OA-00081. C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019). D. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Light microscope images of sclerites in polyps of Sympodium omasum sp. nov., holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS- COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). From A. polyp body B. coenenchyme surface C. coenenchyme interior D. tentacles. Arrows: hexagonal platelets." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of Sympodium omasum sp. nov., holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS- COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) A. ellipsoid platelets B. hexagonal platelets C. double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A–C, E–G, I, J. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) D, H. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A–D. surface of platelets E. broken platelets F. close-up view of a broken platelets G–H. surface of double-headed I. broken double-headed J. close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm." captionText-5="FIGURE 7. Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of Sympodium omasum sp. nov., paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS- COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A. ellipsoid platelets B. hexagonal platelets C. double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm." captionText-6="FIGURE 8. Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of Sympodium omasum sp. nov., paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS- COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019) A. ellipsoid platelets B. hexagonal platelets C. double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm." captionText-7="FIGURE 9. Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of Sympodium omasum sp. nov., paratype KBF-OA-00084 A. ellipsoid platelets B. hexagonal platelets C. double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045083" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045087" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045089" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045093" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045101" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045103" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045107" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11045083/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11045087/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11045089/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/11045093/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/11045101/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/11045103/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/11045107/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Figs. 2–9</figureCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF85FFF2A190FC21BCE49891" blockId="5.[151,690,901,1000]" box="[151,690,974,1000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">New Japanese name: Senmai-chizimi-umiazami</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF85FFF2A190FBD6BF529F2A" bold="true" box="[151,260,1081,1107]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Material</emphasis>
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(MUFS-COTUG 
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Koido 
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Koido 
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, coll. T. Koido; KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO 
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Koido 
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2019
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<collectingRegion id="49E7F835FF85FFF2A5B5FB01BBCE9E71" box="[1202,1432,1262,1288]" country="Japan" name="Miyazaki" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Miyazaki Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, depth &lt;
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, 
<date id="FF9D1017FF85FFF2A047FAFDBC7F9E55" box="[320,553,1298,1325]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" value="2012-12-25">December 25, 2012</date>
, coll. T. Koido; KBF-OA-00084, Tsukishima Isl., Kushima City, 
<collectingRegion id="49E7F835FF85FFF2A435FAFDBF5B9E29" country="Japan" name="Miyazaki" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Miyazaki Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, depth &lt;
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, 
<date id="FF9D1017FF85FFF2A0B3FAD9BCD39E29" box="[436,645,1334,1360]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" value="2014-12-03">December 3, 2014</date>
, coll. T. Koido.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF85FFF2A190FA95BD759EEB" blockId="5.[151,803,1402,1426]" box="[151,803,1402,1426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF85FFF2A190FA95BF6F9EEB" box="[151,313,1402,1426]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF85FFF2A190FA95BF459EEB" bold="true" box="[151,275,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Sympodium</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF85FFF2A043FA95BC619EEB" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." box="[324,567,1402,1426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF85FFF2A08EFA94BFE09EEB" box="[393,438,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">et al</emphasis>
. 2019: 5–13
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF85FFF2A345FA95BCC39EEB" box="[578,661,1402,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A. Holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Higher magnification of part of the holotype (KBF-OA-00081). C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) D. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00082). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). F. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00083). G. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. H. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00084). The red arrow indicates where the polyps are densely packed form knob-like mounds. The yellow arrow indicates where the polyps are less dense and coenenchyme can be observed. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045083/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Figs 2G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF85FFF2A398FA95BC969EEB" box="[671,704,1402,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-30@7.[151,1436,181,1253]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tentacles of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. aboral (left) and oral sides (right) A. A schema of the holotype KBF-OA- 00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Stereoscopic microscopes images of holotype KBF-OA-00081. C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019). D. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045087/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">3G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF85FFF2A3CCFA95BCBA9EEB" box="[715,748,1402,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1120]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[151,1436,181,1120]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light microscope images of sclerites in polyps of Sympodium omasum sp. nov., holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS- COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). From A. polyp body B. coenenchyme surface C. coenenchyme interior D. tentacles. Arrows: hexagonal platelets." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045089/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">4G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF85FFF2A3F0FA95BD499EEB" box="[759,799,1402,1426]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1421,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-1="[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@10.[167,1421,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@11.[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of Sympodium omasum sp. nov., holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS- COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) A. ellipsoid platelets B. hexagonal platelets C. double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A–C, E–G, I, J. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) D, H. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A–D. surface of platelets E. broken platelets F. close-up view of a broken platelets G–H. surface of double-headed I. broken double-headed J. close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045093" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11045093/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">5–6</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339655CFF85FFFFA190FA0BBEE39CB5" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="194" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF85FFF2A190FA0BBF659E87" blockId="5.[151,307,1508,1534]" box="[151,307,1508,1534]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">
<heading id="D0D481BBFF85FFF2A190FA0BBF659E87" bold="true" box="[151,307,1508,1534]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF85FFF2A190FA0BBF659E87" bold="true" box="[151,307,1508,1534]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Descriptions</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF85FFF2A190F9C3BC6A9CD7" blockId="5.[151,1437,1580,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">
The 
<typeStatus id="54988875FF85FFF2A1CEF9C3BF7D9D3F" box="[201,299,1580,1606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is an irregularly spreading ribbon-like membrane (approximately 
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thick) attached to a dead coral rock, measuring approximately 50 × 
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(
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF85FFF2A39FF9BFBCA59D12" box="[664,755,1616,1643]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A. Holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Higher magnification of part of the holotype (KBF-OA-00081). C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) D. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00082). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). F. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00083). G. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. H. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00084). The red arrow indicates where the polyps are densely packed form knob-like mounds. The yellow arrow indicates where the polyps are less dense and coenenchyme can be observed. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045083/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). The width of the 
<typeStatus id="54988875FF85FFF2A2CCF9BFBA7B9D13" box="[971,1069,1616,1642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
colony is approximately 
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at the widest portion, and in some places, the colony extends in a reticulate pattern. These areas, where the polyps are densely packed (no gaps between polyps) form knob-like mounds (up to 
<quantity id="4CDB9B32FF85FFF2A2F2F977BA609DCA" box="[1013,1078,1688,1715]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
high). Polyp density is lower at the edges of mounds and between mounds (gaps between polyps are up to 
<quantity id="4CDB9B32FF85FFF2A2DCF952BA159DAE" box="[987,1091,1725,1751]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" unit="mm" value="0.97">0.97 mm</quantity>
), where thin coenenchyme can be observed (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF85FFF2A02BF90FBFD59D82" box="[300,387,1760,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A. Holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Higher magnification of part of the holotype (KBF-OA-00081). C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) D. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00082). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). F. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00083). G. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. H. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00084). The red arrow indicates where the polyps are densely packed form knob-like mounds. The yellow arrow indicates where the polyps are less dense and coenenchyme can be observed. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045083/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Most polyps are fully retracted while others are expanded a little. The most expanded polyps are up to 
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long and the tentacles are up to 
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long and up to 
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wide. One row of pinnules is arranged along each lateral side of the tentacles (outer row), and an additional single row is arranged in the median space of the oral side of the tentacle (central row) (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF85FFF2A3E6F8A3BD719C1E" box="[737,807,1868,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-30@7.[151,1436,181,1253]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tentacles of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. aboral (left) and oral sides (right) A. A schema of the holotype KBF-OA- 00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Stereoscopic microscopes images of holotype KBF-OA-00081. C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019). D. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045087/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). The outer row usually includes 4–6 pinnules, and the central row includes 4–5 pinnules. The pinnules up to 
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long and 
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wide at the proximal portion. No gap between adjacent pinnules exists.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF86FFF1A190F914BEB09C92" blockId="6.[151,1437,1787,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A190F914BF439C6A" bold="true" box="[151,277,1787,1811]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF86FFF1A01AF914BFA69C6A" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[285,496,1787,1811]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="192" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A01AF914BFA69C6A" box="[285,496,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A0FFF914BC3B9C6A" bold="true" box="[504,621,1787,1811]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF86FFF1A0FFF914BC1B9C6A" box="[504,589,1787,1811]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A.
</emphasis>
Holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in 
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Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A5B7F913BAB39C6A" box="[1200,1253,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A431F914BB1B9C6A" bold="true" box="[1334,1357,1787,1811]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">B.</emphasis>
Higher magnification of part of the holotype (KBF-OA-00081). 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A3F2F8F0BD5B9C4E" bold="true" box="[757,781,1823,1847]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">C.</emphasis>
Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF86FFF1A41CF8F0BE9D9C22" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." pageId="6" pageNumber="192" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A462F8CFBBCB9C4E" box="[1381,1437,1823,1847]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
) 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A1DCF8ACBEA59C22" bold="true" box="[219,243,1859,1883]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">D.</emphasis>
Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00082). 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A291F8ACBDFB9C22" bold="true" box="[918,941,1859,1883]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">E.</emphasis>
Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in 
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Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A1DAF887BF469C06" box="[221,272,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A05AF888BF259C06" bold="true" box="[349,371,1895,1919]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">F.</emphasis>
Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00083). 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A503F888BA4B9C06" bold="true" box="[1028,1053,1895,1919]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">G.</emphasis>
Paratype KBF-OA-00084. 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF86FFF1A431F888BB069C06" bold="true" box="[1334,1360,1895,1919]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">H.</emphasis>
Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00084). The red arrow indicates where the polyps are densely packed form knob-like mounds. The yellow arrow indicates where the polyps are less dense and coenenchyme can be observed. Scale bar: 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF87FFF0A190FB12BC989EF9" blockId="7.[151,1437,1277,1409]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF87FFF0A190FB12BF449E6C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1277,1301]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Tentacles of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF87FFF0A090FB12BC319E6C" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[407,615,1277,1301]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF87FFF0A090FB12BC319E6C" box="[407,615,1277,1301]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF87FFF0A36BFB12BCE89E6C" bold="true" box="[620,702,1277,1301]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF87FFF0A36BFB12BCE89E6C" box="[620,702,1277,1301]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
aboral (left) and oral sides (right) 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF87FFF0A514FB12BA7A9E6C" bold="true" box="[1043,1068,1277,1301]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">A.</emphasis>
A schema of the holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF87FFF0A0B0FACEBC3B9E40" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." box="[439,621,1313,1337]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF87FFF0A0FAFACDBC679E40" box="[509,561,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF87FFF0A379FACEBCC39E40" bold="true" box="[638,661,1313,1337]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">B.</emphasis>
Stereoscopic microscopes images of holotype KBF-OA-00081. 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF87FFF0A422FACEBB6B9E40" bold="true" box="[1317,1341,1313,1337]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">C.</emphasis>
Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF87FFF0A333FAAABCA59E24" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." box="[564,755,1349,1373]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF87FFF0A37AFAA9BCE29E24" box="[637,692,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF87FFF0A200FAAABD769E25" bold="true" box="[775,800,1349,1372]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">D.</emphasis>
Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF87FFF0A41AFAAABE989EF8" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." pageId="7" pageNumber="193" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF87FFF0A461FAA9BBCB9E24" box="[1382,1437,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF87FFF0A1D8FA86BEA69EF8" bold="true" box="[223,240,1385,1409]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">E</emphasis>
. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF87FFF0A1C0FA3CBACE9C9C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1491,2021]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">
Sclerites are abundant throughout the colony. In addition, they are more densely distributed on the surface of the coenenchyme than those in the interior. Sclerites can be observed in three forms, ellipsoid platelets, hexagonal platelets, and double-heads. Under light microscopy, distinguishing between ellipsoid platelets and hexagonal platelets is difficult; however, they are clearly distinguishable under SEM. Ellipsoid platelets and hexagonal platelets are abundant in the polyp body, coenenchyme surface, and coenenchyme interior, but not in the tentacles. In contrast, double-heads are observed only in tentacles (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF87FFF0A225F968BD3F9DD8" box="[802,873,1671,1697]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1120]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[151,1436,181,1120]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light microscope images of sclerites in polyps of Sympodium omasum sp. nov., holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS- COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). From A. polyp body B. coenenchyme surface C. coenenchyme interior D. tentacles. Arrows: hexagonal platelets." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045089/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Under SEM, ellipsoid platelets are 
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long and 
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wide, and narrower in the middle by 
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(
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF87FFF0A553F944BAFB9DBF" box="[1108,1197,1707,1734]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[167,1421,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of Sympodium omasum sp. nov., holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS- COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) A. ellipsoid platelets B. hexagonal platelets C. double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045093" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045093/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
). Hexagonal platelets are 
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long and 
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wide, occasionally with a central waist (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF87FFF0A597F920BABC9D93" box="[1168,1258,1743,1770]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[167,1421,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of Sympodium omasum sp. nov., holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS- COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) A. ellipsoid platelets B. hexagonal platelets C. double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045093" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045093/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). Double-heads (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF87FFF0A198F91CBEA09C77" box="[159,246,1779,1806]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[167,1421,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of Sympodium omasum sp. nov., holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS- COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) A. ellipsoid platelets B. hexagonal platelets C. double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045093" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045093/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
) are 
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long and 
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wide, and the central narrower part is 
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wide. Ellipsoid platelets and hexagonal platelets are covered by sinuous rodlets, which are clearly fused and form many nodules on the sclerites surface (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF87FFF0A34AF8D4BCF19C2C" box="[589,679,1851,1877]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-30@11.[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A–C, E–G, I, J. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) D, H. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A–D. surface of platelets E. broken platelets F. close-up view of a broken platelets G–H. surface of double-headed I. broken double-headed J. close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
). The length of these rodlets vary from long to short, depending on the platelets (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF87FFF0A029F8B0BFE29C00" box="[302,436,1887,1913]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-30@11.[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A–C, E–G, I, J. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) D, H. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A–D. surface of platelets E. broken platelets F. close-up view of a broken platelets G–H. surface of double-headed I. broken double-headed J. close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Figs. 6A–C</figureCitation>
). The rodlets are up to 0.43 μm long (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF87FFF0A258F8B0BDEF9C00" box="[863,953,1887,1913]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-30@11.[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A–C, E–G, I, J. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) D, H. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A–D. surface of platelets E. broken platelets F. close-up view of a broken platelets G–H. surface of double-headed I. broken double-headed J. close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
), short rodlets are 0.09–0.18 μm long (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF87FFF0A468F8B0BEED9CE4" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-30@11.[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A–C, E–G, I, J. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) D, H. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A–D. surface of platelets E. broken platelets F. close-up view of a broken platelets G–H. surface of double-headed I. broken double-headed J. close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
). The interior of the broken platelet is fused, and no calcite rods are observed (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF87FFF0A538F86CBA979CE4" box="[1087,1217,1923,1949]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-30@11.[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A–C, E–G, I, J. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) D, H. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A–D. surface of platelets E. broken platelets F. close-up view of a broken platelets G–H. surface of double-headed I. broken double-headed J. close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Figs. 6E, F</figureCitation>
). Double-heads are composed of dendritic rods. The tips of the dendritic rods are parallel to the sclerites surface and are sinuous (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF87FFF0A463F848BEEB9C9C" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-30@11.[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A–C, E–G, I, J. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) D, H. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A–D. surface of platelets E. broken platelets F. close-up view of a broken platelets G–H. surface of double-headed I. broken double-headed J. close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Figs. 6G</figureCitation>
). The interior of the broken double-heads consists of radially arranged rods (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF87FFF0A51FF824BADC9C9C" box="[1048,1162,1995,2021]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-30@11.[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A–C, E–G, I, J. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) D, H. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A–D. surface of platelets E. broken platelets F. close-up view of a broken platelets G–H. surface of double-headed I. broken double-headed J. close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Figs. 6I, J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF88FFFFA190FB97BF379FA1" blockId="8.[151,1437,1144,1240]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF88FFFFA190FB97BF449FE9" bold="true" box="[151,274,1144,1168]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Light microscope images of sclerites in polyps of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF88FFFFA20DFB97BD8C9FE9" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[778,986,1144,1168]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF88FFFFA20DFB97BD8C9FE9" box="[778,986,1144,1168]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF88FFFFA2E7FB97BA649FE9" bold="true" box="[992,1074,1144,1168]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF88FFFFA2E7FB97BA649FE9" box="[992,1074,1144,1168]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFSCOTUG2 in 
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Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF88FFFFA064FB72BFCE9FCD" box="[355,408,1180,1204]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
). From 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF88FFFFA323FB73BC6B9FCD" bold="true" box="[548,573,1180,1204]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">A.</emphasis>
polyp body 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF88FFFFA3B8FB73BC809FCD" bold="true" box="[703,726,1180,1204]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">B.</emphasis>
coenenchyme surface 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF88FFFFA2C7FB73BD8E9FCD" bold="true" box="[960,984,1180,1204]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">C.</emphasis>
coenenchyme interior 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF88FFFFA5C4FB73BA8A9FCD" bold="true" box="[1219,1244,1180,1204]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">D.</emphasis>
tentacles. Arrows: hexagonal platelets.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF88FFFFA1C0FAC5BC109E11" blockId="8.[151,1437,1322,1996]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">
The whole colony is creamy white in ethanol. Living tentacles were purplish blue with light-brown anthosteles and coenenchyme (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF88FFFFA068FAA1BC6C9E11" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." box="[367,570,1358,1385]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF88FFFFA0B9FAA0BFB99E11" box="[446,495,1358,1384]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF88FFFFA1C0FA9DBEE39CB5" blockId="8.[151,1437,1322,1996]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF88FFFFA1C0FA9DBF699EF5" bold="true" box="[199,319,1394,1420]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">Variation.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D25FD5EFF88FFFFA041FA9CBFBA9EF4" box="[326,492,1395,1421]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">Two paratypes</specimenCount>
(KBF-OA-00083 and KBF-OA-00084) are attached to a dead coral rock, similar to the 
<typeStatus id="54988875FF88FFFFA1B8FA79BF779EC9" box="[191,289,1430,1456]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(KBF-OA-00081) (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF88FFFFA307FA79BCD59EC9" box="[512,643,1430,1456]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A. Holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Higher magnification of part of the holotype (KBF-OA-00081). C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) D. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00082). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). F. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00083). G. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. H. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00084). The red arrow indicates where the polyps are densely packed form knob-like mounds. The yellow arrow indicates where the polyps are less dense and coenenchyme can be observed. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045083/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">Figs. 2E, G</figureCitation>
). In contrast, the 
<typeStatus id="54988875FF88FFFFA247FA78BDF69EC8" box="[832,928,1431,1457]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
KBF-OA-00082 is attached to a dead bivalve shell (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF88FFFFA1DCFA55BF659EAD" box="[219,307,1466,1492]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A. Holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Higher magnification of part of the holotype (KBF-OA-00081). C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) D. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00082). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). F. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00083). G. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. H. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00084). The red arrow indicates where the polyps are densely packed form knob-like mounds. The yellow arrow indicates where the polyps are less dense and coenenchyme can be observed. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045083/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). The 
<typeStatus id="54988875FF88FFFFA070FA54BF819EAC" box="[375,471,1467,1493]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
KBF-OA-00083 (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF88FFFFA3A3FA55BCAE9EAD" box="[676,760,1466,1492]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A. Holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Higher magnification of part of the holotype (KBF-OA-00081). C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) D. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00082). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). F. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00083). G. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. H. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00084). The red arrow indicates where the polyps are densely packed form knob-like mounds. The yellow arrow indicates where the polyps are less dense and coenenchyme can be observed. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045083/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
) is sparsely distributed, with less dense polyps on the colony than the other 
<typeStatus id="54988875FF88FFFFA03CFA30BFFC9E80" box="[315,426,1503,1529]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
. For the sclerites, the double-heads in the 
<typeStatus id="54988875FF88FFFFA28FFA30BDBE9E80" box="[904,1000,1503,1529]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
KBF-OA-00082 (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF88FFFFA5BFFA31BB599E81" box="[1208,1295,1502,1528]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[234,1353,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A. Holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Higher magnification of part of the holotype (KBF-OA-00081). C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) D. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00082). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). F. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00083). G. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. H. Higher magnification of part of the paratype (KBF-OA-00084). The red arrow indicates where the polyps are densely packed form knob-like mounds. The yellow arrow indicates where the polyps are less dense and coenenchyme can be observed. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045083/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
) differ from those in the other 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD5EFF88FFFFA061F9EDBC429D64" box="[358,532,1538,1565]" count="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">three paratypes</specimenCount>
, as the dendritic rods are fused and composed of densely packed rodlets whose tips provide a granular appearance (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF88FFFFA32BF9C9BCD19D39" box="[556,647,1574,1600]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-30@11.[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A–C, E–G, I, J. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) D, H. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A–D. surface of platelets E. broken platelets F. close-up view of a broken platelets G–H. surface of double-headed I. broken double-headed J. close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">Fig. 6H</figureCitation>
). The tentacles vary in length and width depending on the specimens; KBF-OA-00083 (
<typeStatus id="54988875FF88FFFFA059F9A5BF949D1D" box="[350,450,1610,1636]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
) has the tentacle size same as the KBF-OA-00081 (
<typeStatus id="54988875FF88FFFFA500F9A5BA399D1D" box="[1031,1135,1610,1636]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), whereas KBF-OA-00082 (
<typeStatus id="54988875FF88FFFFA198F981BF559DF1" box="[159,259,1646,1672]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
) and KBF-OA-00084 (
<typeStatus id="54988875FF88FFFFA304F981BC319DF1" box="[515,615,1646,1672]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
) have smaller tentacles, 
<quantity id="4CDB9B32FF88FFFFA271F981BA4E9DF0" box="[886,1048,1646,1673]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.5999999999999996" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" unit="mm" value="0.375" valueMax="0.39" valueMin="0.36">0.36–0.39 mm</quantity>
long and 
<quantity id="4CDB9B32FF88FFFFA584F981BB739DF0" box="[1155,1317,1646,1673]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" unit="mm" value="0.095" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.09">0.09–0.10 mm</quantity>
wide (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF88FFFFA468F981BEF19DD5" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-30@7.[151,1436,181,1253]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tentacles of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. aboral (left) and oral sides (right) A. A schema of the holotype KBF-OA- 00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Stereoscopic microscopes images of holotype KBF-OA-00081. C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019). D. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045087/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). In addition, 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD5EFF88FFFFA04DF97CBFBC9DD4" box="[330,490,1683,1709]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">two paratypes</specimenCount>
, KBF-OA-00083 and KBF-OA-00084 have fewer pinnules; the outer row includes 3 pinnules, and the center row includes 2–3 pinnules (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF88FFFFA3FCF959BD169DA9" box="[763,832,1718,1744]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-30@7.[151,1436,181,1253]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tentacles of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. aboral (left) and oral sides (right) A. A schema of the holotype KBF-OA- 00081 (MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019). B. Stereoscopic microscopes images of holotype KBF-OA-00081. C. Paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019). D. Paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFS-COMO63 in Koido et al. 2019). E. Paratype KBF-OA-00084. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045087/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). In the coenenchyme surface, coenenchyme interior, and polyp body of all specimens, double-heads are absent, and only ellipsoid platelets and hexagonal platelets are observed; ellipsoid platelets are approximately 74–82% more prevalent. The tentacles have only double heads and no other sclerites are present (
<tableCitation id="C6A1036CFF88FFFFA0EDF8CDBC129C45" box="[490,580,1826,1852]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,241,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Sclerite composition of Sympodium omasum sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C665FFF89FFFEA190FF78BD1A9BC9" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" tableUuid="DF5C665FFF89FFFEA190FF78BD1A9BC9">Table 2</tableCitation>
). All 
<typeStatus id="54988875FF88FFFFA382F8CCBCA69C44" box="[645,752,1827,1853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
have the same platelet surface architectures as the 
<typeStatus id="54988875FF88FFFFA434F8CDBBCF9C45" box="[1331,1433,1826,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Platelets with few or no rodlets were rarely observed, and their surfaces are composed of fused polygonal pillars of different heights. The side of the pillars are rough, and the tips are relatively smooth (
<figureCitation id="13182A52FF88FFFFA576F885BAE39CFD" box="[1137,1205,1898,1924]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-30@11.[198,1390,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of Sympodium omasum sp. nov. A–C, E–G, I, J. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in Koido et al. 2019) D, H. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in Koido et al. 2019) A–D. surface of platelets E. broken platelets F. close-up view of a broken platelets G–H. surface of double-headed I. broken double-headed J. close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="194">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Platelets with such a surface architecture were observed in all specimens, although the proportion varies by part of the colony (
<tableCitation id="C6A1036CFF88FFFFA45CF861BEF19CB5" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,241,1086,1110]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 3. Proportion of platelets surface architecture of Sympodium omasum sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C665FFF89FFFEA190FBD1BA619F2F" pageId="8" pageNumber="194" tableUuid="DF5C665FFF89FFFEA190FBD1BA619F2F">Table 3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5C665FFF89FFFEA190FF78BD1A9BC9" ID-Table-UUID="DF5C665FFF89FFFEA190FF78BD1A9BC9" box="[151,844,151,176]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C665FFF89FFFEA190FF78BD1A9BC9" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" startId="9.[151,241,151,175]" targetBox="[159,1403,193,997]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF89FFFEA190FF78BD1A9BC9" blockId="9.[151,844,151,176]" box="[151,844,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF89FFFEA190FF78BF5A9BD6" bold="true" box="[151,268,151,175]" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Sclerite composition of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF89FFFEA315FF78BCB99BD6" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[530,751,151,175]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF89FFFEA315FF78BCB99BD6" box="[530,751,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF89FFFEA3F2FF77BD1A9BC9" box="[757,844,152,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF89FFFEA198FF3CBB7E989D" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<table id="F923C477FF890008A198FF2EBB2D989C" box="[159,1403,193,997]" gridcols="5" gridrows="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FF2EBB2D9B82" box="[159,1403,193,251]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A198FF2EBFF19B82" box="[159,423,193,251]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Specimens</th>
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FF2EBCB99B82" box="[466,751,193,251]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Part of colony (# of sclerites)</th>
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FF2EBD9A9B82" box="[885,972,193,251]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Ellipsoid platelets</th>
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFF2EBAF29B82" box="[1084,1188,193,251]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Hexagonal platelets</th>
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FF2EBB2D9B82" box="[1270,1403,193,251]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Double-heads</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FEFFBB2D9A5F" box="[159,1403,272,294]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A198FEFFBFF19A5F" box="[159,423,272,294]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">KBF-OA-00081 (holotype)</th>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FEFFBCB99A5F" box="[466,751,272,294]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Tentacles (n=109)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FEFFBD9A9A5F" box="[885,972,272,294]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFEFFBAF29A5F" box="[1084,1188,272,294]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FEFFBB2D9A5F" box="[1270,1403,272,294]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">100.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FED1BB2D9A2C" box="[159,1403,318,341]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FED1BCB99A2C" box="[466,751,318,341]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Polyp body (n=70)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FED1BD9A9A2C" box="[885,972,318,341]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">74.3%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFED1BAF29A2C" box="[1084,1188,318,341]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">25.7%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FED1BB2D9A2C" box="[1270,1403,318,341]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FE82BB2D9AFA" box="[159,1403,365,387]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FE82BCB99AFA" box="[466,751,365,387]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme surface (n=63)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FE82BD9A9AFA" box="[885,972,365,387]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">77.8%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFE82BAF29AFA" box="[1084,1188,365,387]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">22.2%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FE82BB2D9AFA" box="[1270,1403,365,387]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FE73BB2D9ACB" box="[159,1403,412,434]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FE73BCB99ACB" box="[466,751,412,434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme interior (n=72)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FE73BD9A9ACB" box="[885,972,412,434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">81.9%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFE73BAF29ACB" box="[1084,1188,412,434]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">18.1%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FE73BB2D9ACB" box="[1270,1403,412,434]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FE24BB2D9A98" box="[159,1403,459,481]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A198FE24BFF19A98" box="[159,423,459,481]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">KBF-OA-00082 (paratype)</th>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FE24BCB99A98" box="[466,751,459,481]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Tentacles (n=78)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FE24BD9A9A98" box="[885,972,459,481]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFE24BAF29A98" box="[1084,1188,459,481]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FE24BB2D9A98" box="[1270,1403,459,481]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">100.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FE15BB2D9969" box="[159,1403,506,528]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FE15BCB99969" box="[466,751,506,528]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Polyp body (n=61)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FE15BD9A9969" box="[885,972,506,528]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">77.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFE15BAF29969" box="[1084,1188,506,528]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">23.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FE15BB2D9969" box="[1270,1403,506,528]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FDC6BB2D9946" box="[159,1403,553,575]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FDC6BCB99946" box="[466,751,553,575]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme surface (n=66)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FDC6BD9A9946" box="[885,972,553,575]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">77.3%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFDC6BAF29946" box="[1084,1188,553,575]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">22.7%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FDC6BB2D9946" box="[1270,1403,553,575]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FDB7BB2D9917" box="[159,1403,600,622]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FDB7BCB99917" box="[466,751,600,622]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme interior (n=48)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FDB7BD9A9917" box="[885,972,600,622]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">79.2%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFDB7BAF29917" box="[1084,1188,600,622]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">20.8%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FDB7BB2D9917" box="[1270,1403,600,622]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FD68BB2D99E4" box="[159,1403,647,669]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A198FD68BFF199E4" box="[159,423,647,669]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">KBF-OA-00083 (paratype)</th>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FD68BCB999E4" box="[466,751,647,669]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Tentacles (n=60)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FD68BD9A99E4" box="[885,972,647,669]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFD68BAF299E4" box="[1084,1188,647,669]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FD68BB2D99E4" box="[1270,1403,647,669]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">100.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FD5ABB2D99B5" box="[159,1403,693,716]" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FD5ABCB999B5" box="[466,751,693,716]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Polyp body (n=72)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FD5ABD9A99B5" box="[885,972,693,716]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">75.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFD5ABAF299B5" box="[1084,1188,693,716]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">25.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FD5ABB2D99B5" box="[1270,1403,693,716]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FD0BBB2D9982" box="[159,1403,740,763]" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FD0BBCB99982" box="[466,751,740,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme surface (n=61)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FD0BBD9A9982" box="[885,972,740,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">77.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFD0BBAF29982" box="[1084,1188,740,763]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">23.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FD0BBB2D9982" box="[1270,1403,740,763]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FCFCBB2D9850" box="[159,1403,787,809]" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FCFCBCB99850" box="[466,751,787,809]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme interior (n=58)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FCFCBD9A9850" box="[885,972,787,809]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">79.3%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFCFCBAF29850" box="[1084,1188,787,809]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">20.7%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FCFCBB2D9850" box="[1270,1403,787,809]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FCADBB2D9821" box="[159,1403,834,856]" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A198FCADBFF19821" box="[159,423,834,856]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">KBF-OA-00084 (paratype)</th>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FCADBCB99821" box="[466,751,834,856]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Tentacles (n=76)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FCADBD9A9821" box="[885,972,834,856]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFCADBAF29821" box="[1084,1188,834,856]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FCADBB2D9821" box="[1270,1403,834,856]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">100.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FC9EBB2D98FE" box="[159,1403,881,903]" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FC9EBCB998FE" box="[466,751,881,903]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Polyp body (n=54)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FC9EBD9A98FE" box="[885,972,881,903]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">74.1%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFC9EBAF298FE" box="[1084,1188,881,903]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">25.9%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FC9EBB2D98FE" box="[1270,1403,881,903]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FC4FBB2D98CF" box="[159,1403,928,950]" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FC4FBCB998CF" box="[466,751,928,950]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme surface (n=68)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FC4FBD9A98CF" box="[885,972,928,950]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">76.5%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFC4FBAF298CF" box="[1084,1188,928,950]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">23.5%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FC4FBB2D98CF" box="[1270,1403,928,950]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FC20BB2D989C" box="[159,1403,975,997]" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0D5FC20BCB9989C" box="[466,751,975,997]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme interior (n=55)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A272FC20BD9A989C" box="[885,972,975,997]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">80.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A53BFC20BAF2989C" box="[1084,1188,975,997]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">20.0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A5F1FC20BB2D989C" box="[1270,1403,975,997]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0.0%</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5C665FFF89FFFEA190FBD1BA619F2F" ID-Table-UUID="DF5C665FFF89FFFEA190FBD1BA619F2F" box="[151,1079,1086,1110]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C665FFF89FFFEA190FBD1BA619F2F" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" startId="9.[151,241,1086,1110]" targetBox="[159,1423,1127,1747]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF89FFFEA190FBD1BA619F2F" blockId="9.[151,1079,1086,1110]" box="[151,1079,1086,1110]" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF89FFFEA190FBD1BF5A9F2F" bold="true" box="[151,268,1086,1110]" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
Proportion of platelets surface architecture of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF89FFFEA3FAFBD1BD8F9F2F" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[765,985,1086,1110]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF89FFFEA3FAFBD1BD8F9F2F" box="[765,985,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF89FFFEA2E7FBD1BA619F2F" box="[992,1079,1086,1110]" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF89FFFEA198FB94BAE39DAA" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<table id="F923C477FF890008A198FB88BBD99DAA" box="[159,1423,1127,1747]" gridcols="4" gridrows="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FB88BBD99FDC" box="[159,1423,1127,1189]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A198FB88BFF19FDC" box="[159,423,1127,1189]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Specimens</th>
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9FB88BCB09FDC" box="[462,742,1127,1189]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Part of colony (# of sclerites)</th>
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AFB88BA739FDC" box="[893,1061,1127,1189]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Platelets surface Few or no rodlets</th>
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EFB88BBD99FDC" box="[1161,1423,1127,1189]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Covered by sinuous rodlets</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FB55BBD99FA9" box="[159,1423,1210,1232]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A198FB55BFF19FA9" box="[159,423,1210,1232]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">KBF-OA-00081 (holotype)</th>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9FB55BCB09FA9" box="[462,742,1210,1232]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Polyp body(n=71)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AFB55BA739FA9" box="[893,1061,1210,1232]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">1%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EFB55BBD99FA9" box="[1161,1423,1210,1232]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">99%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FB07BBD99F86" box="[159,1423,1256,1279]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9FB07BCB09F86" box="[462,742,1256,1279]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme surface(n=65)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AFB07BA739F86" box="[893,1061,1256,1279]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EFB07BBD99F86" box="[1161,1423,1256,1279]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">100%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FAF8BBD99E54" box="[159,1423,1303,1325]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9FAF8BCB09E54" box="[462,742,1303,1325]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme interior(n=52)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AFAF8BA739E54" box="[893,1061,1303,1325]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">4%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EFAF8BBD99E54" box="[1161,1423,1303,1325]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">96%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FAA9BBD99E25" box="[159,1423,1350,1372]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A198FAA9BFF19E25" box="[159,423,1350,1372]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">KBF-OA-00082 (paratype)</th>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9FAA9BCB09E25" box="[462,742,1350,1372]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Polyp body(n=62)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AFAA9BA739E25" box="[893,1061,1350,1372]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">2%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EFAA9BBD99E25" box="[1161,1423,1350,1372]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">98%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FA9ABBD99EF2" box="[159,1423,1397,1419]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9FA9ABCB09EF2" box="[462,742,1397,1419]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme surface(n=69)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AFA9ABA739EF2" box="[893,1061,1397,1419]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">3%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EFA9ABBD99EF2" box="[1161,1423,1397,1419]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">97%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FA4BBBD99EC3" box="[159,1423,1444,1466]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9FA4BBCB09EC3" box="[462,742,1444,1466]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme interior(n=78)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AFA4BBA739EC3" box="[893,1061,1444,1466]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">4%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EFA4BBBD99EC3" box="[1161,1423,1444,1466]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">96%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198FA3CBBD99E90" box="[159,1423,1491,1513]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A198FA3CBFF19E90" box="[159,423,1491,1513]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">KBF-OA-00083 (paratype)</th>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9FA3CBCB09E90" box="[462,742,1491,1513]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Polyp body(n=66)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AFA3CBA739E90" box="[893,1061,1491,1513]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">0%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EFA3CBBD99E90" box="[1161,1423,1491,1513]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">100%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198F9EDBBD99D61" box="[159,1423,1538,1560]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9F9EDBCB09D61" box="[462,742,1538,1560]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme surface(n=58)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AF9EDBA739D61" box="[893,1061,1538,1560]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">3%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EF9EDBBD99D61" box="[1161,1423,1538,1560]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">97%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198F9DEBBD99D3E" box="[159,1423,1585,1607]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9F9DEBCB09D3E" box="[462,742,1585,1607]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme interior(n=66)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AF9DEBA739D3E" box="[893,1061,1585,1607]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">2%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EF9DEBBD99D3E" box="[1161,1423,1585,1607]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">98%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198F98FBBD99D0F" box="[159,1423,1632,1654]" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<th id="76C25DE9FF890008A198F98FBFF19D0F" box="[159,423,1632,1654]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">KBF-OA-00084 (paratype)</th>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9F98FBCB09D0F" box="[462,742,1632,1654]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Polyp body(n=67)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AF98FBA739D0F" box="[893,1061,1632,1654]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">3%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EF98FBBD99D0F" box="[1161,1423,1632,1654]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">97%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198F961BBD99DDD" box="[159,1423,1678,1700]" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9F961BCB09DDD" box="[462,742,1678,1700]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme surface(n=59)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AF961BA739DDD" box="[893,1061,1678,1700]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">5%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EF961BBD99DDD" box="[1161,1423,1678,1700]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">95%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133495FF890008A198F952BBD99DAA" box="[159,1423,1725,1747]" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A0C9F952BCB09DAA" box="[462,742,1725,1747]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Coenenchyme interior(n=61)</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A27AF952BA739DAA" box="[893,1061,1725,1747]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">3%</td>
<td id="76C25DE9FF890008A58EF952BBD99DAA" box="[1161,1423,1725,1747]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">97%</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C339655CFF89FFFEA1C0F8C4BD4F9C10" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF89FFFEA1C0F8C4BD4F9C10" blockId="9.[151,1437,1835,1897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF89FFFEA1C0F8C4BF799C3C" bold="true" box="[199,303,1835,1861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Locality.</emphasis>
Common around Oshima and Tsukishima Islands, 
<collectingRegion id="49E7F835FF89FFFEA279F8C4BDBD9C3C" box="[894,1003,1835,1861]" country="Japan" name="Miyazaki" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Miyazaki</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3347647FF89FFFEA2FFF8C4BA6D9C3C" box="[1016,1083,1835,1861]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="195">Japan</collectingCountry>
, from 
<quantity id="4CDB9B32FF89FFFEA580F8C4BABA9C3C" box="[1159,1260,1835,1861]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="195" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 m</quantity>
in depth. They attached themselves to the surface of the dead coral rock.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5C665FFF8AFFFDA190F878BAA99CAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045093" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11045093" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045093/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="196" startId="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[167,1421,181,1919]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF8AFFFDA190F878BAA99CAD" blockId="10.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="10" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8AFFFDA190F878BF439CC9" bold="true" box="[151,277,1943,1968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="196">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF8AFFFDA3FDF877BD9B9CD6" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[762,973,1944,1968]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="196" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8AFFFDA3FDF877BD9B9CD6" box="[762,973,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="196">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8AFFFDA2D2F877BA7C9CC9" bold="true" box="[981,1066,1944,1968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="196">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF8AFFFDA2D2F877BA7C9CC9" box="[981,1066,1944,1968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="196" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype KBF-OA-00081 (MUFSCOTUG2 in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF8AFFFDA01CF853BF989CAD" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." box="[283,462,1980,2004]" pageId="10" pageNumber="196" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8AFFFDA066F853BFC29CAD" box="[353,404,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="196">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
) 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8AFFFDA0DBF854BFA29CAA" bold="true" box="[476,500,1979,2003]" pageId="10" pageNumber="196">A.</emphasis>
ellipsoid platelets 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8AFFFDA3B4F853BC9C9CAD" bold="true" box="[691,714,1980,2004]" pageId="10" pageNumber="196">B.</emphasis>
hexagonal platelets 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8AFFFDA29DF854BDE49CAA" bold="true" box="[922,946,1979,2003]" pageId="10" pageNumber="196">C.</emphasis>
double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C665FFF8BFFFCA190F88CBDB89C91" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045097" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11045097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045097/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="197" startId="11.[151,250,1891,1915]" targetBox="[198,1390,181,1867]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF8BFFFCA190F88CBDB89C91" blockId="11.[151,1437,1891,2024]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA190F88CBF449C02" bold="true" box="[151,274,1891,1915]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of sclerites of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF8BFFFCA277F88CBA169C02" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[880,1088,1891,1915]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="197" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA277F88CBA169C02" box="[880,1088,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA542F88BBB6E9C05" bold="true" box="[1093,1336,1891,1916]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF8BFFFCA542F88BBAC19C05" box="[1093,1175,1892,1916]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A–C, E–G, I, J
</emphasis>
. holotype KBF-OA-00081(MUFS-COTUG2 in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF8BFFFCA31CF868BC829CD9" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." box="[539,724,1927,1952]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA364F867BCCE9CE6" box="[611,664,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
) 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA3E3F867BD4F9CD9" bold="true" box="[740,793,1928,1952]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">D, H</emphasis>
. paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFS-COTUK16 in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF8BFFFCA427F868BE9D9CBD" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." pageId="11" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA46FF867BBCB9CE6" box="[1384,1437,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
) 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA1DDF844BF5A9CBA" bold="true" box="[218,268,1963,1987]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">A–D</emphasis>
. surface of platelets 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA0E3F843BFAD9CBD" bold="true" box="[484,507,1964,1988]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">E.</emphasis>
broken platelets 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA3A9F843BC929CBD" bold="true" box="[686,708,1964,1988]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">F.</emphasis>
close-up view of a broken platelets 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA539F844BA249CBD" bold="true" box="[1086,1138,1963,1988]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">G–H</emphasis>
. surface of double-headed 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA48BF843BBCA9CBD" bold="true" box="[1420,1436,1964,1988]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">I.</emphasis>
broken double-headed 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8BFFFCA078F83FBFC49C91" bold="true" box="[383,402,2000,2024]" pageId="11" pageNumber="197">J.</emphasis>
close-up view of a broken double-headed. Scale bar: 1 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C665FFF8CFFFBA190F878BB5A9CAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045101" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11045101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045101/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="198" startId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[179,1408,181,1919]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF8CFFFBA190F878BB5A9CAD" blockId="12.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="12" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8CFFFBA190F878BF439CC9" bold="true" box="[151,277,1943,1968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="198">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF8CFFFBA3FCF877BD9B9CD6" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[763,973,1944,1968]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="12" pageNumber="198" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8CFFFBA3FCF877BD9B9CD6" box="[763,973,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="198">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8CFFFBA2D1F877BA7D9CC9" bold="true" box="[982,1067,1944,1968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="198">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF8CFFFBA2D1F877BA7D9CC9" box="[982,1067,1944,1968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="198" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, paratype KBF-OA-00082 (MUFSCOTUK16 in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF8CFFFBA02FF853BF8D9CAD" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." box="[296,475,1980,2004]" pageId="12" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8CFFFBA069F853BFF79CAD" box="[366,417,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="198">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
) 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8CFFFBA0EFF854BC579CAA" bold="true" box="[488,513,1979,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="198">A.</emphasis>
ellipsoid platelets 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8CFFFBA3C7F853BC809CAD" bold="true" box="[704,726,1980,2004]" pageId="12" pageNumber="198">B.</emphasis>
hexagonal platelets 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8CFFFBA2A1F854BDE99CAA" bold="true" box="[934,959,1979,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="198">C.</emphasis>
double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C665FFF8DFFFAA190F878BB579CAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045103" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11045103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045103/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="199" startId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[179,1408,181,1919]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF8DFFFAA190F878BB579CAD" blockId="13.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8DFFFAA190F878BF439CD6" bold="true" box="[151,277,1943,1967]" pageId="13" pageNumber="199">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF8DFFFAA3FCF877BD9B9CD6" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[763,973,1944,1968]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="199" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8DFFFAA3FCF877BD9B9CD6" box="[763,973,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="199">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8DFFFAA2D1F877BA7D9CC9" bold="true" box="[982,1067,1944,1968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="199">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF8DFFFAA2D1F877BA7D9CC9" box="[982,1067,1944,1968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="199" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, paratype KBF-OA-00083 (MUFSCOMO63 in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF8DFFFAA01AF853BF869CAD" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." box="[285,464,1980,2004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="199" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8DFFFAA064F853BFC09CAD" box="[355,406,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="199">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
) 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8DFFFAA0DAF854BFA09CAA" bold="true" box="[477,502,1979,2003]" pageId="13" pageNumber="199">A.</emphasis>
ellipsoid platelets 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8DFFFAA3B3F853BC9D9CAD" bold="true" box="[692,715,1980,2004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="199">B.</emphasis>
hexagonal platelets 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8DFFFAA29CF854BDE29CAA" bold="true" box="[923,948,1979,2003]" pageId="13" pageNumber="199">C.</emphasis>
double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C665FFF8EFFF9A190F878BD689CAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11045107" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11045107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11045107/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="200" startId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[179,1408,181,1919]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF8EFFF9A190F878BD689CAD" blockId="14.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="14" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8EFFF9A190F878BF449CD6" bold="true" box="[151,274,1943,1967]" pageId="14" pageNumber="200">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of platelets of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF8EFFF9A3EEF877BDEF9CD6" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[745,953,1944,1968]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="200" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8EFFF9A3EEF877BDEF9CD6" box="[745,953,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="200">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8EFFF9A2B8F877BA449CC9" bold="true" box="[959,1042,1944,1968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF8EFFF9A2B8F877BA449CC9" box="[959,1042,1944,1968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="200" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, paratype KBF-OA-00084 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8EFFF9A421F878BB699CD6" bold="true" box="[1318,1343,1943,1967]" pageId="14" pageNumber="200">A.</emphasis>
ellipsoid platelets 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8EFFF9A1F5F853BF5F9CAD" bold="true" box="[242,265,1980,2004]" pageId="14" pageNumber="200">B.</emphasis>
hexagonal platelets 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8EFFF9A0DEF854BFA79CAA" bold="true" box="[473,497,1979,2003]" pageId="14" pageNumber="200">C.</emphasis>
double-heads. Scale bar: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C339655CFF8FFFF8A1C0FF78BC9B9A38" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF8FFFF8A1C0FF78BC9B9A38" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A1C0FF78BF189BC8" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">Etymology.</emphasis>
The omasum is the third compartment of the ruminant stomach. The species is named after the shape of the microstructure of the platelet sclerites, which is particularly similar to that of the third stomach of cows, and because 
<collectingRegion id="49E7F835FF8FFFF8A022FF30BC5A9B80" box="[293,524,223,249]" country="Japan" name="Miyazaki" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">Miyazaki Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, where the specimens were collected, is the producing area of 
<collectingRegion id="49E7F835FF8FFFF8A5C4FF30BB7B9B80" box="[1219,1325,223,249]" country="Japan" name="Miyazaki" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">Miyazaki</collectingRegion>
beef. The present study also proposes the new Japanese name “Senmai-chizimi-umiazami” for 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF8FFFF8A54BFEECBA939A65" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[1100,1221,259,285]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A54BFEECBA0C9A64" box="[1100,1114,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A56FFEECBA939A65" box="[1128,1221,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A5CBFEECBB709A64" bold="true" box="[1228,1318,259,285]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF8FFFF8A5CBFEECBB709A64" box="[1228,1318,259,285]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, “senmai” meaning the third stomach of the cow in Japanese.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339655CFF8FFFF8A1C0FEA4BCFE9918" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9C36D7FF8FFFF8A1C0FEA4BCFE9918" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A1C0FEA4BF629A1C" bold="true" box="[199,308,331,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">Remarks</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF8FFFF8A045FEA4BC7E9A1D" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[322,552,331,357]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A045FEA4BC7E9A1D" box="[322,552,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">Sympodium omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A328FEA4BCDF9A1C" bold="true" box="[559,649,331,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF8FFFF8A328FEA4BCDF9A1C" box="[559,649,331,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF8FFFF8A3A8FEA4BD3B9A1C" box="[687,877,331,357]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A3A8FEA4BD649A1C" box="[687,818,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">Sympodium</emphasis>
sp. 1
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF8FFFF8A291FEA4BA0D9A1C" author="Koido, T. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H." box="[918,1115,331,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref8066" refString="Koido, T., Imahara, Y. &amp; Fukami, H. (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys, 862, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 862.31979" type="journal article" year="2019">
Koido 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A2E4FEA4BA4D9A1C" box="[995,1051,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
) has three forms of sclerites: ellipsoid platelets, hexagonal platelets, and double-heads, whereas the nine congeneric species have only ellipsoid platelets or hexagonal platelets (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF8FFFF8A310FE7CBCCB9AD4" author="Cohn, M." box="[535,669,403,429]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" pagination="207 - 244" refId="ref7443" refString="Cohn, M. (1908) Alcyonacea von Madagaskar und Ostafrika. Reisen in Ostafrika in den Jahren 1903 bis 1905 mit Mitteln der Hermann und Elise geb. Heckmann Wentzel-Stiftung ausgefuhrt von Professor Dr. Alfred Voeltzkow. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse, 2 (3), 207 - 244, pl. 10." type="journal article" year="1908">Cohn 1908</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B26FF8FFFF8A3A8FE7CBD0C9AD4" author="Reinicke, G. B." box="[687,858,403,429]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" pagination="5 - 62" refId="ref8839" refString="Reinicke, G. B. (1997) Xeniidae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the Red Sea with descriptions of six new species of Xenia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 16, 5 - 62." type="journal article" year="1997">Reinicke 1997</bibRefCitation>
; Benayahu 
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A2EEFE7CBA719AD4" box="[1001,1063,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">et al.</emphasis>
2021). The double-heads of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF8FFFF8A480FE7CBEA29AA9" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A480FE7CBEA29AA9" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">S. omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A1FAFE58BF0F9AA8" bold="true" box="[253,345,439,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF8FFFF8A1FAFE58BF0F9AA8" box="[253,345,439,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are composed of dendritic rods aligned parallel to the surface of the sclerites. This is similar to the microstructure of the ellipsoid platelets or hexagonal platelets of nine congeneric species. In contrast, ellipsoid platelets and hexagonal platelets of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D54FF8FFFF8A324FE10BCCD9961" authority="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami, 2024" authorityName="Koido &amp; Imahara &amp; Fukami" authorityYear="2024" box="[547,667,511,537]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="omasum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A324FE10BCCD9961" box="[547,667,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">S. omasum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAC5FF8FFFF8A3A6FE10BCAD9960" bold="true" box="[673,763,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457BEFF8FFFF8A3A6FE10BCAD9960" box="[673,763,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="201" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are covered by sinuous rodlets that are fused and form many nodules on the sclerites surface. These microstructural features of ellipsoid platelets and hexagonal platelets have not been reported in other species of the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>