153 lines
18 KiB
XML
153 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="36165C87E5B43177F12F2EEF43D30469" ID-CLB-Dataset="27726" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4539.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7c7a589-9f74-4546-9a7b-c3192b9659e5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2615911" ID-ZooBank="2C72727B-79C5-407F-BD92-B12F98196800" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553789058718" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2018" docId="193787A0FFFEFF81F4CBF97640B7CB0A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4539.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4539 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Cladaster Verrill 1899" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="E50EFFD8FFE2FF9FF45CFFC04464CA17" masterDocTitle="New genera, species and occurrence records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698715174966" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="87A60595965EDFF55BC5D10BE9E0FAF2">New genera, species and occurrence records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5DA059F8D4F6289A712254898AC156BC">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DF53427F0C44BEFB52605613094C7186">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E4EC8BA0EE829E015C26906F5A5D50AC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3C9B03E63C5E5099091FDE049F095D94">
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<mods:date id="1F5D0BC7EFF3FA2ABDDD40C61ADE328A">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="48F6BAA5F3FDAA8EFD45971EFB4CE283">2018-12-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BF402B6C38BE0CE374FD4622D31D6AD3">4539</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="27698BAC6EA3E84580225E838EA97ADB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4539.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="193787A0FFFEFF81F4CBF97640B7CB0A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5990719" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154521915" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5990719" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:193787A0FFFEFF81F4CBF97640B7CB0A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/193787A0FFFEFF81F4CBF97640B7CB0A" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection id="D984653DFFFEFF83F4CBF9764668CD25" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFFEFF83F4CBF97645C9CCC7" blockId="28.[151,429,1718,1744]" box="[151,429,1718,1744]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<heading id="CA6981DAFFFEFF83F4CBF97645C9CCC7" bold="true" box="[151,429,1718,1744]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFFEFF83F4CBF97645C9CCC7" ID-CoL="7NSZH" authority="Verrill, 1899" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,429,1718,1744]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Cladaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFEFF83F4CBF97645C9CCC7" bold="true" box="[151,429,1718,1744]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFEFF83F4CBF976456FCCC7" bold="true" box="[151,267,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cladaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFFEFF83F54EF97645C9CCC7" author="Verrill, A. E." box="[274,429,1718,1744]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="145 - 234" refId="ref74885" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1899) Revision of certain genera and species of starfishes, with descriptions of new forms. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 10 (1), 145 - 234. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7031" type="journal article" year="1899">Verrill, 1899</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFFEFF83F4CBF93D4668CD25" blockId="28.[151,1436,1789,1842]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFFEFF83F4CBF93D4570CD04" author="Verrill, A. E." box="[151,276,1789,1811]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="145 - 234" refId="ref74885" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1899) Revision of certain genera and species of starfishes, with descriptions of new forms. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 10 (1), 145 - 234. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7031" type="journal article" year="1899">Verrill 1899</bibRefCitation>
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: 175;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFFEFF83F50DF93D45A8CD04" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[337,460,1789,1811]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 420" refId="ref70203" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1911) Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. 1. Phanerozonia and Spinulosida. Bulletin of the US National Museum, 76, xiii + 1 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.76. i" type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher 1911</bibRefCitation>
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: 221;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFFEFF83F655F93D46D3CD04" author="Bernasconi, I." box="[521,695,1789,1811]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref68310" refString="Bernasconi, I. (1963) Asteroideos argentinos. 4. Familia Goniasteridae. Revista Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia. Zoologia, 9 (1), 1 - 25, pls. 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1963">Bernasconi 1963</bibRefCitation>
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: 13; 1964: 255;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFFEFF83F707F93D478DCD04" author="Halpern, J. A." box="[859,1001,1789,1811]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="193 - 286" refId="ref70647" refString="Halpern, J. A. (1970) Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) of the Straits of Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science, 20 (1), 193 - 286." type="journal article" year="1970">Halpern 1970</bibRefCitation>
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: 179;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFFEFF83F07AF93D4179CD04" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[1062,1309,1789,1811]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref69188" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 238;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFFEFF83F13AF93E455FCD25" author="Clark, A. M." pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="187 - 366" refId="ref69077" refString="Clark, A. M. (1993) An index of names of recent Asteroidea-Part 2: Valvatida. E chinoderm Studies, 4, 187 - 366." type="journal article" year="1993">A.M. Clark 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 251; Mah 2011: 19.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D984653DFFFEFF83F4CBF89E403CCDF4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFFEFF83F4CBF89E403CCDF4" blockId="28.[151,1436,1886,2019]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFEFF83F4CBF89E456ECD60" bold="true" box="[151,266,1886,1911]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Body weakly stellate. Abactinal plates low tabulate with weakly to strongly expressed fasciolar channels. Hemispherical, coarse grained granules present on abactinal, marginal, and actinal plate surface which are deciduous on preserved specimens. Large, spatulate
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<typeStatus id="4E258814FFFEFF83F74FF8674727CDA8" box="[787,835,1959,1983]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
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pedicellariae. Furrow spines, blunt to spatulate, oval in cross-section. Large, thick subambulacral spine present in addition to furrow spine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D984653DFFFFFF81F49BFF5740B7CB0A" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFFFFF82F49BFF5746E5CB0B" blockId="29.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F49BFF57452BCAA7" bold="true" box="[199,335,151,176]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Comments.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFFFFF82F50BFF5745A1CAA7" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[343,453,151,176]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Cladaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F50BFF5745A1CAA7" box="[343,453,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cladaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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includes four species, which occur in deep-water settings, including
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFFFFF82F089FF584139CAA7" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1940" box="[1237,1373,151,176]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Cladaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="analogus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F089FF584139CAA7" box="[1237,1373,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. analogus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the South Atlantic and
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<collectingCountry id="E9897626FFFFFF82F5FCFF7D465CCAC2" box="[416,568,188,213]" name="New Zealand" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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region,
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFFFFF82F6C4FF7C47DCCAC2" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1923" box="[664,952,188,213]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Cladaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="macrobrachius">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F6C4FF7C47DCCAC2" box="[664,952,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cladaster macrobrachius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="E9897626FFFFFF82F05CFF7C40F0CAC2" box="[1024,1172,188,213]" name="South Africa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFFFFF82F0FDFF7C4136CAC2" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[1185,1362,188,213]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Cladaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="rudis">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F0FDFF7C4136CAC2" box="[1185,1362,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cladaster rudis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the tropical Atlantic, and
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFFFFF82F5D6FF1F4634CAEF" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1910" box="[394,592,223,248]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Cladaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="validus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F5D6FF1F4634CAEF" box="[394,592,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cladaster validus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Aleutian Islands.
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFFFFF82F7DCFF1F4080CAEF" authority="McKnight 2006" authorityName="McKnight" authorityYear="2006" box="[896,1252,223,248]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Cladaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="latus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F7DCFF1F404FCAEF" box="[896,1067,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cladaster latus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFFFFF82F06FFF1F4080CAEF" author="McKnight, D. G." box="[1075,1252,223,248]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 187" refId="ref72997" refString="McKnight, D. G. (2006) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Echinodermata: Asteroidea (sea-stars). 3. Orders Velatida, Spinulosida, Forcipulatida, Brisingida with addenda to Paxillosida, Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 120, 1 - 187." type="journal article" year="2006">McKnight 2006</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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was found to be a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFFFFF82F56AFEC545A8CB0A" box="[310,460,260,285]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Cladaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="analogous">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F56AFEC545A8CB0A" box="[310,460,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. analogous</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Mah (2011).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="C5E1663EFFFFFF82F4CBF8EF4133CD95" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615940/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[151,250,1839,1861]" targetBox="[182,1411,352,1795]" targetPageId="29">
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFFFFF82F4CBF8EF4133CD95" blockId="29.[151,1436,1839,1922]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F4CBF8EF4576CD52" bold="true" box="[151,274,1839,1861]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFFFFF82F545F8EF45ABCD52" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1847" box="[281,463,1839,1861]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Calliderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="emma">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F545F8EF45ABCD52" box="[281,463,1839,1861]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Calliderma emma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Specimen IE-2007-3987. R=7.4, r=2.5 cm.
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F7D3F8EF47CCCD52" bold="true" box="[911,936,1839,1861]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A.</emphasis>
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Abactinal surface. Scale bar=2.0 cm.
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F177F8EF4126CD52" bold="true" box="[1323,1346,1839,1861]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">B.</emphasis>
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Closeup of spines on radial regions. Scale bar=1.0 cm.
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F6DCF88D46FCCD74" bold="true" box="[640,664,1869,1891]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C.</emphasis>
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Spination, ornamentation on superomarginal plates. Scale bar=1.0 cm.
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F1DFF88D41F8CD74" bold="true" box="[1411,1436,1869,1891]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">D.</emphasis>
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Actinal surface. Scale bar=2.0 cm.
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFFFF82F5A7F8AC4676CD95" bold="true" box="[507,530,1900,1922]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">E.</emphasis>
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Closeup of actinal surface, furrow spines, adambulacral region. Scale bar=1.0 cm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFFCFF81F49BFF5840B7CB0A" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,285]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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As outlined by Mah (2011)
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFFCFF81F642FF5746E8CAA7" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[542,652,151,176]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Cladaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFCFF81F642FF5746E8CAA7" box="[542,652,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Cladaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species are known from widely disparate localities but differ by relatively few and/or continuous characters. The most morphologically distinct species in this genus appear geographically discontinuous. It is possible that further sampling might show a widely occurring species as was observed in
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFFCFF81F57CFEC54617CB0A" authority="(Mah et al. 2015)" baseAuthorityName="Mah et al." baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[288,627,260,285]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFCFF81F57CFEC545C2CB0B" box="[288,422,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Hippasteria</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFFCFF81F5E8FEC4460FCB0A" author="Mah, C. L." box="[436,619,260,285]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="211 - 228" refId="ref72184" refString="Mah, C. L. (2015) New species, corallivory, in situ video observations and overview of the Goniasteridae (Valvatida, Asteroidea) in the Hawaiian Region. Zootaxa, 3926 (2), 211 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3926.2.3" type="journal article" year="2015">
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Mah
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFFCFF81F5ACFEC54645CB0A" box="[496,545,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
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. 2015
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, which displays a similar pattern throughout its range.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |