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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.4.2809" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89f6231b-8c2b-4abb-8065-ab3d2035cbff" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152023565" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-4-9" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1314-4049-4-9" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 4" ModsDocTitle="A further new species in the lichen genus Arctomia: A. borbonica from Reunion (Mascarene archipelago)" checkinTime="1451253013418" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Magain, Nicolas &amp; Serusiaux, Emmanuel" docDate="2012" docId="8C87FDB2009EDFF08DB11BC494FA57A7" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 4: 9-21" docOrigin="MycoKeys 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.4.2809" docTitle="Arctomia borbonica Magain &amp; Serus, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFCCFF81FFDEAA67FFA2FFE7FFD5FF9F" masterDocTitle="A further new species in the lichen genus Arctomia: A. borbonica from Reunion (Mascarene archipelago)" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1643543431732" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A further new species in the lichen genus Arctomia: A. borbonica from Reunion (Mascarene archipelago)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Magain, Nicolas</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Serusiaux, Emmanuel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>4</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>9</mods:start>
<mods:end>21</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.4.2809</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.4.2809</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-4-9</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152023565" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8C87FDB2009EDFF08DB11BC494FA57A7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C87FDB2009EDFF08DB11BC494FA57A7" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="16">
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName LSID="Mycobank: MB 800279" authority="Magain &amp; Serus" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Arctomiaceae" genus="Arctomia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Arctomia borbonica" order="Arctomiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="borbonica">
Arctomia borbonica Magain &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sérus">Serus</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="7" pageNumber="16">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Fig. 2
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="16" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">Species recognized by its foliose, usually much crumpled, blue grey to brown thallus producing goniocysts at its margins, eventually forming a soredioid margin. Ascomata and conidiomata unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="16" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">
REUNION (Mascarene archipelago).
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bébour">Bebour</normalizedToken>
, track starting at
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gîte">Gite</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bélouve">Belouve</normalizedToken>
toward Piton des Neiges,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-21.080278">21°4'49&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="55.523335">55°31'24&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
(DMS), 1850 m alt., 9 Nov 2009, wet montane ericoid tickets, N. Magain &amp; E.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sérusiaux">Serusiaux</normalizedToken>
sn (holotype: LG).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">
Thallus not exceeding 1 cm in diam., with distinct lobes when well-developed, lobes blue-grey to brown when dry, up to 0.2-0.3 mm wide and c. 200-400
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, hardly distinguished in some specimens, with a surface typically wrinkled (even in young lobes), sometimes very much
<normalizedToken originalValue="“crumpled”">&quot;crumpled&quot;</normalizedToken>
, always developing small goniocysts, mainly at the margins but also on the upper surface; cortex (Fig. 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
) developed on upper and lower sides, formed by a single layer of small rounded (in cross section) and jigsaw-like (in surface view) cells, less than 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick; goniocysts (Fig. 2F) 20-80
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
across, always containing compact chains of
<taxonomicName class="Cyanophyceae" family="Nostocaceae" genus="Nostoc" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Bacteria" lsidName="Nostoc" order="Nostocales" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cyanobacteria" rank="genus">Nostoc</taxonomicName>
cells and covered by a layer of isodiametric to rounded cells, 2-5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, best developed at the lobes margins where they eventually form a typical pale brownish soredioid edge, due to cortical disintegration. Photobiont belonging to the cyanobacteria genus
<taxonomicName class="Cyanophyceae" family="Nostocaceae" genus="Nostoc" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Bacteria" lsidName="Nostoc" order="Nostocales" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cyanobacteria" rank="genus">Nostoc</taxonomicName>
forming chains of small rounded cells 2-5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in diam. Ascomata and conidiomata unknown.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="16">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">
Figure 2.
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Arctomiaceae" genus="Arctomia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Arctomia borbonica" order="Arctomiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="borbonica">Arctomia borbonica</taxonomicName>
(holotype).
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
macroscopic view of the thallus, with details of the wrinkled surface B and soredioid margin, made of disintegrating goniocysts
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
cross section through the thallus, showing the cortex with small, isodiametric cells, and the
<taxonomicName class="Cyanophyceae" family="Nostocaceae" genus="Nostoc" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Bacteria" lsidName="Nostoc" order="Nostocales" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cyanobacteria" rank="genus">Nostoc</taxonomicName>
chains E surface view of the cortex F young goniocysts formed at the lobes margins. Scale:
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
= 1 mm;
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
= 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="16" type="chemistry">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">Chemistry.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">No secondary metabolites found by TLC.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="16" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="16">
The material looks like a species in
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Collemataceae" genus="Leptogium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Leptogium" order="Peltigerales" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Leptogium</taxonomicName>
, a genus belonging to the
<taxonomicName genus="Collemataceae" lsidName="Collemataceae" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" rank="genus">Collemataceae</taxonomicName>
in the
<taxonomicName family="Lecanoromycetidae" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Lecanoromycetidae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Lumbsch, HT" journalOrPublisher="Fieldiana Life and Earth Sciences" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 64" title="Myconet Volume 14. Part One. Outline of Ascomycota- - 2009. Part Two. Notes on Ascomycete Systematics. Nos. 4751 - 5113." url="10.3158/1557.1" volume="1" year="2010">Lumbsch and Huhndorf 2010</bibRefCitation>
). Soredia or soredioid propagules are however unknown in that genus as well as in the closely related
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Collemataceae" genus="Collema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Collema" order="Peltigerales" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Collema</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Arctomiaceae" genus="Arctomia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Arctomia borbonica" order="Arctomiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="borbonica">Arctomia borbonica</taxonomicName>
is easily recognized by its foliose, sometimes very much crumpled, blue grey to brown thallus, producing corticate and easily detached &quot; goniocysts &quot;, best developed at the lobes margins, disrupting when mature and then forming a soredioid margin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="17">
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="17" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
and ecology.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Arctomiaceae" genus="Arctomia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Arctomia borbonica" order="Arctomiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="borbonica">Arctomia borbonica</taxonomicName>
has been collected at three different sites on the island of Reunion in the Mascarene archipepago, incl. in highly disturbed secondary tickets with
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Eucalyptus</taxonomicName>
plantations; it grows on trunks (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Eucalyptus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia heterophylla" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">Acacia heterophylla</taxonomicName>
)
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="18" start="start">or</pageBreakToken>
on main stems of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Erica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erica" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Erica</taxonomicName>
tickets. It is probably widespread on the island. The two localities with natural vegetation belong to two different and typical habitats. The first one is the margin of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Forêt">&quot;Foret</normalizedToken>
de tamarins des hauts&quot; with large boles of the endemic tree
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia heterophylla" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">Acacia heterophylla</taxonomicName>
(locality at the nature reserve &quot;Roche Ecrite&quot;, at 1500 m) and corresponds to the &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia</taxonomicName>
mountain forest&quot; in
<bibRefCitation author="Strasberg, D" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="3015 - 3032" title="An Assessment of habitat diversity and transformation on La Reunion Island (Mascarene Islands, Indian Ocean) as a basis for identifying broad-scale conservation priorities." url="10.1007/s10531-004-0258-2" volume="14" year="2005">Strasberg et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
. The other one is the wet upper montane ericoid tickets (type locality; locality in the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bébour">Bebour</normalizedToken>
forest at 1800-1850 m) and corresponds to the &quot;
<taxonomicName genus="Philippia" lsidName="Philippia" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" rank="genus">Philippia</taxonomicName>
mountain ticket&quot; in
<bibRefCitation author="Strasberg, D" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="3015 - 3032" title="An Assessment of habitat diversity and transformation on La Reunion Island (Mascarene Islands, Indian Ocean) as a basis for identifying broad-scale conservation priorities." url="10.1007/s10531-004-0258-2" volume="14" year="2005">Strasberg et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
. Here the vegetation does not exceed 4-5 m in height and is formed by
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Erica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erica arborescens" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arborescens">Erica arborescens</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Erica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erica montana" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montana">Erica montana</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Eugenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eugenia buxifolia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buxifolia">Eugenia buxifolia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="Judd, 1984 (DC.)" authorityName="Judd, 1984 (DC.)" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agauria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agauria buxifolia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buxifolia">Agauria buxifolia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Cordyline" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cordyline mauritiana" order="Asparagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mauritiana">Cordyline mauritiana</taxonomicName>
(locally very abundant),
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Cyatheaceae" genus="Cyathea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyathea" order="Cyatheales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cyathea</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Phylica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phylica nitida" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">Phylica nitida</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asteliaceae" genus="Astelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Astelia hemichrysa" order="Asparagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hemichrysa">Astelia hemichrysa</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Blechnaceae" genus="Blechnum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Blechnum attenuatum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="attenuatum">Blechnum attenuatum</taxonomicName>
; ground is covered by very thick (up to 80 cm) layer of
<taxonomicName class="Sphagnopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sphagnum" order="Sphagnales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">Sphagnum</taxonomicName>
and other bryophytes. It is one of the most rewarding habitat for lichens on Reunion, with many interesting species, including representatives of the austral element (
<bibRefCitation author="van den Boom, PPG" journalOrPublisher="Herzogia" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="325 - 349" title="Discovering the lichen diversity of a remote tropical island: a working list of species collected on Reunion (Mascarene archipelago, Indian Ocean)." volume="24" year="2011">van den Boom et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
), such as
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Gomphillaceae" genus="Gomphillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gomphillus morchelloides" order="Ostropales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="morchelloides">Gomphillus morchelloides</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Gomphillaceae" genus="Gomphillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gomphillus pedersenii" order="Ostropales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pedersenii">Gomphillus pedersenii</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Pilocarpaceae" genus="Sporopodiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Sporopodiopsis mortimeriana" order="Lecanorales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mortimeriana">Sporopodiopsis mortimeriana</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="other specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
REUNION (Masarenes archipelago). Nature reserve at Roche Ecrite, track to the summit,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-20.968334">20°58'6&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="55.440556">55°26'26&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
(DMS), c. 1500 m alt., 4 nov 2009, montane forest dominated by
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia heterophylla" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">Acacia heterophylla</taxonomicName>
, N. Magain &amp; E.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sérusiaux">Serusiaux</normalizedToken>
sn (LG). S part of the island, N of St-Philippe, near &quot;
<normalizedToken originalValue="gîte">gite</normalizedToken>
Bernard Brice &quot;,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-21.339724">21°20'23&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="55.698612">55°41'55&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
(DMS), 650 m alt., 10 Nov 2009,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus" order="Myrtales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Eucalyptus</taxonomicName>
plantations and secondary tickets, N. Magain &amp; E.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sérusiaux">Serusiaux</normalizedToken>
sn (LG).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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