272 lines
36 KiB
XML
272 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="DEC54B1E129F83526D21F57DEB6B2ECF" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4181.1.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="37923" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4181.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7f55813e-d9fb-47d1-ae70-4207ea726e64" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="164243" ID-ZooBank="639B9F0E-4E0C-4859-9A32-093511BEEFB8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1478071931831" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Gerulaitis, Virginijus & Karsholt, Ole" docDate="2016" docId="03E487C7FFAED279FF462063F39EF98A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4181.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4181 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stigmella lachemillae Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="28" masterDocId="FFDDFFBFFFB4D262FFD12712F06DFFFE" masterDocTitle="Leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from record high altitudes: documenting an entire new fauna in the Andean páramo and puna" masterLastPageNumber="94" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1698430786409" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3C488F2C85B3853900A40C38F436A5CB">
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<mods:title id="870AA03DF601D39F4DB4B696429565CF">Leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from record high altitudes: documenting an entire new fauna in the Andean páramo and puna</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E2719F65F6CD1A1ED77F80FCA3EAC4AA">Stonis, Jonas R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="9F56E93C9B250C63DBFA518258F5ECEC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="68453F9B27C760D080201DA973023AC3">Diškus, Arūnas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="940E1E19249791373191711692FE0E5B">Remeikis, Andrius</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DE8C27C61D7D68512D428948B99178A9">Gerulaitis, Virginijus</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0EB1AFA3D1D81F5E32AB69604829D8C0">Karsholt, Ole</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D125FB9680CA7E21C19EAB2AC1704CF1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8F9FA64097B49D9EFAEC062E021BFF6F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2098F7BFBE2369801AA33B36F62489F9">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="D976C750BD0E18D7BC760D434BAF7906" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4B9B722DF051B3168966F3C21FCC1422">4181</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5E79EBEA8D130F20305E162BAF4FE2A9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4181.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9864FCBC37E29FE1F27E86A263755882" type="Zenodo-Dep">164243</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E487C7FFAED279FF462063F39EF98A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6075900" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124560975" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6075900" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487C7FFAED279FF462063F39EF98A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487C7FFAED279FF462063F39EF98A" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection id="C357655AFFAED278FF462063F1DEF853" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF236D1FFAED278FF462063F2B8F875" blockId="26.[151,725,1905,1965]" box="[151,725,1905,1931]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<heading id="D0BA81BDFFAED278FF462063F2B8F875" bold="true" box="[151,725,1905,1931]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAED278FF462063F2B8F875" bold="true" box="[151,725,1905,1931]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FFAED278FF462063F206F875" authority="Diskus & Stonis" authorityName="Diskus & Stonis" box="[151,619,1905,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lachemillae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAED278FF462063F1F6F875" bold="true" box="[151,411,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Stigmella lachemillae</emphasis>
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Diškus & Stonis
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57B8FFAED278FDA92063F2B8F875" box="[632,725,1905,1931]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236D1FFAED278FF462086F1DEF853" blockId="26.[151,725,1905,1965]" box="[151,435,1940,1965]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAED278FF4E2086F16EF853" box="[159,259,1940,1965]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1924,1947]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,368,1903]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,301,1904]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. Habitats: grass páramo near volcano Chimborazo (Ecuador: Chimborazo Province) at altitudes about 3980 – 4000 m. 1, 2, habitat of Stigmella gynoxyphaga sp. n. and S. tripartita Diškus & Stonis, 1 ° 31 ' 20 " S, 78 ° 50 ' 27 " W; 3 – 5, habitat of S. lachemillae sp. n. and S. calceolariae sp. n., 1 ° 45 ' 41 " S, 78 ° 48 ' 51 " W." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164244/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 1–5</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAED278FEDE2086F140F852" box="[271,301,1940,1964]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 17" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,221,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1914]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 17. Distribution of high altitude Stigmella species in the Ecuadorian Andes. 16, habitat of Stigmella paramica sp. nov. and S. confertae Diškus & Stonis, 3700 – 3800 m, 0 ° 21 ' 45 " S, 78 ° 11 ' 35 " W; 17, distribution map." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164247/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">17</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAED278FEE82086F135F852" box="[313,344,1940,1964]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="16.[151,250,2000,2022]" captionTargetBox="[163,1429,193,1982]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[163,1430,193,1983]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution map of the high-Andean Nepticulidae with height records." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266413/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">27</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAED278FEB22086F1C6F853" box="[355,427,1940,1965]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStart-1="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId-0="28.[151,264,1795,1818]" captionStartId-1="29.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox-0="[162,1428,193,1764]" captionTargetBox-1="[161,1427,193,1772]" captionTargetId-0="figure@28.[162,1429,193,1773]" captionTargetId-1="figure@29.[161,1428,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId-0="28" captionTargetPageId-1="29" captionText-0="FIGURES 55 – 60. Stigmella lachemillae Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 55, adult, male holotype; 56, same, male paratype; 57, same, female paratype; 58, male genitalia, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 637; 59, 60, same, capsule without phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 637 (ZMUC)." captionText-1="FIGURES 61 – 66. Bionomics and female genitalia of Stigmella lachemillae Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 61, habitat, grass páramo (predominantly along streams in sheltered damp ravines); 62, 63, host-plant Lachemilla orbiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb. (Rosaceae); 64, 65, leaf-mines; 66, female genitalia, slide no. AD 664 (ZMUC)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/164260/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/164261/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">55–66</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C357655AFFAED279FF4620CEF3BCFEBE" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF236D1FFAED279FF4620CEF3BCFEBE" blockId="26.[151,1436,2012,2037]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1437,151,1653]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<materialsCitation id="3B253C8CFFAED279FF4620CEF459FF2A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324487235" collectingDate="2005-01-23" collectingDateMax="2005-02" collectingDateMin="2005-01-23" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="No. & A. Diskus & J. R. Stonis" country="Ecuador" elevation="3980" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" latitude="-1.5222222" location="Riobamba" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.840836" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Chimborazo Province" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAED278FF4620CEF12BF80B" bold="true" box="[151,326,2012,2037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<typeStatus id="54F68873FFAED278FF4620CEF0BFF80B" box="[151,210,2012,2037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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||
<typeStatus id="54F68873FFAED278FE9C20CEF1D7F80B" box="[333,442,2012,2037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: Ƌ,
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<collectingCountry id="F35A7641FFAED278FE3820CEF21EF80A" box="[489,627,2012,2036]" name="Ecuador" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="4989F833FFAED278FDAE20CEF314F80B" box="[639,889,2012,2037]" country="Ecuador" name="Chimborazo" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Chimborazo Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<quantity id="4CB59B34FFAED278FC5420CEF3A1F80B" box="[901,972,2012,2037]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
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NW
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<location id="8E92600AFFAED278FBDA20CEF4ECF80B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487C7FFAED279FF462063F39EF98A:8E92600AFFAED278FBDA20CEF4ECF80B" box="[1035,1153,2012,2037]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-1.5222222" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.840836" name="Riobamba" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Chimborazo Province">Riobamba</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE795016FFAED278FB5C20CEF56DF80A" box="[1165,1280,2012,2036]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="15" value="-1.5222222">1°31'20"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE795016FFAED278FADC20CEF5FAF80B" box="[1293,1431,2012,2037]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="15" value="-78.840836">78°50'27"W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation id="0060D1E2FFAFD279FF462785F133FF51" box="[151,350,151,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9799999999999995" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="3980.0">
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elevation
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<quantity id="4CB59B34FFAFD279FED7278AF133FF51" box="[262,350,152,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9799999999999995" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="3980.0">3980 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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, mining larvae
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<collectedFrom id="3851752CFFAFD279FDDE278AF470FF4E" box="[527,1053,151,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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on
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FFAFD279FDE3278AF470FF4E" authority="(Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb." authorityName="(Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb." box="[562,1053,151,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Lachemilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbiculata">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FDE3278AF340FF4E" box="[562,813,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Lachemilla orbiculata</emphasis>
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(Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb.
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</taxonomicName>
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</collectedFrom>
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<date id="FFF31011FFAFD279FBF52785F4FCFF4E" box="[1060,1169,151,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2005-01-23">
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<collectingDate id="EFB7E9F9FFAFD279FBF52785F4FCFF4E" box="[1060,1169,151,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2005-01-23">23.i.2005</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, ex pupae
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<date id="FFF31011FFAFD279FADA2785F531FF4E" box="[1291,1372,151,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2005-02">
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<collectingDate id="EFB7E9F9FFAFD279FADA2785F531FF4E" box="[1291,1372,151,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2005-02">ii.2005</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, field card
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<collectorName id="26B85307FFAFD279FF1F27AFF09AFF2A" box="[206,247,189,212]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">No.</collectorName>
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4825, leg.
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<collectorName id="26B85307FFAFD279FEA227AEF18EFF2B" box="[371,483,188,213]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A. Diškus</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName id="26B85307FFAFD279FDD727AFF2EAFF2B" box="[518,647,188,213]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">J. R. Stonis</collectorName>
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, genitalia slide no. AD637Ƌ (
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<collectionCode id="ED5CAE14FFAFD279FC0427AEF441FF2A" box="[981,1068,188,212]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ZMUC</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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. Paratypes (9 Ƌ, 5 ♀): 5 Ƌ, 5 ♀, same label data as holotype, genitalia slides nos AD661Ƌ, AD663♀, AD664♀, (ZMUC);
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<materialsCitation id="3B253C8CFFAFD279FB6C27F2F3A0FEBE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324487242" collectingDate="2007-02-22" collectingDateMax="2007-03" collectingDateMin="2007-02-22" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="No. & A. Diskus & J. R. Stonis" country="Ecuador" elevation="3980" latitude="-1.5222222" location="Riobamba" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.840836" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chimborazo Province" typeStatus="holotype">
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4 Ƌ, same locality, mining larvae
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<collectedFrom id="3851752CFFAFD279FEE62617F351FEE3" box="[311,828,260,285]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
on
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FFAFD279FE8B2616F351FEE3" authority="(Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb." authorityName="(Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb." box="[346,828,260,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Lachemilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbiculata">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FE8B2616F23EFEE2" box="[346,595,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Lachemilla orbiculata</emphasis>
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(Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb.
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</collectedFrom>
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<date id="FFF31011FFAFD279FC902616F3D8FEE3" box="[833,949,260,285]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-02-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB7E9F9FFAFD279FC902616F3D8FEE3" box="[833,949,260,285]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-02-22">22.ii.2007</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, ex pupae
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<collectingDate id="EFB7E9F9FFAFD279FBFB2616F4E9FEE3" box="[1066,1156,260,285]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-03">
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<date id="FFF31011FFAFD279FBFB2616F4E9FEE3" box="[1066,1156,260,285]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-03">iii.2007</date>
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</collectingDate>
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, field card
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<collectorName id="26B85307FFAFD279FB2F2617F545FEE2" box="[1278,1320,261,284]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">No.</collectorName>
|
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4876, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26B85307FFAFD279FF46263AF16AFEBE" box="[151,263,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A. Diškus</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26B85307FFAFD279FEFA263AF1C8FEBE" box="[299,421,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">J.R. Stonis</collectorName>
|
||
, genitalia slide nos AD636Ƌ, AD665Ƌ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE14FFAFD279FCBF263AF3A8FEBE" box="[878,965,296,320]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357655AFFAFD279FF16265EF56CFE2E" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FFAFD279FF16265EF56CFE2E" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FF16265EF12CFE9B" bold="true" box="[199,321,332,357]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The combination of a gnathos with closely juxta posed processes, short vinculum, distally fourpapillated uncus, grey forewing and golden cream facia distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FFAFD279FC082662F413FE76" box="[985,1150,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lachemillae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FC082662F413FE76" box="[985,1150,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. lachemillae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FB5B267DF487FE76" bold="true" box="[1162,1258,367,392]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57B8FFAFD279FB5B267DF487FE76" box="[1162,1258,367,392]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FFAFD279FF462686F16DFE52" box="[151,256,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FF462686F16DFE52" box="[151,256,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stigmella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species possessing two to three cornuti on the vesica (including the most resembling
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FFAFD279FB682686F129FE2E" authority="Diskus & Stonis, 2015" authorityName="Diskus & Stonis" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pangorica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FB682686F52AFE52" box="[1209,1351,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. pangorica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B20FFAFD279FA9F2686F129FE2E" author="Diskus" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Stonis, J. R., Diskus, A. & Remeikis, A. (2015 a) The first description of the leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) feeding on the South American plant genus Liabum, Asteraceae. Zootaxa, 4040 (5), 576 - 582. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4040.5.6" type="journal article" year="2015">Diškus & Stonis, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the host-plant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FFAFD279FE2626AAF318FE2E" box="[503,885,440,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Lachemilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FE2626AAF29FFE2E" box="[503,754,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Lachemilla orbiculata</emphasis>
|
||
(Rosaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also makes this species distinctive.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357655AFFAFD279FF1626CEF48DF9F6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FFAFD279FF1626CEF1DAFCC6" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FF1626CEF169FE0B" bold="true" box="[199,260,476,501]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FEC326CEF1FEFE0B" box="[274,403,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1795,1818]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,193,1764]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[162,1429,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Stigmella lachemillae Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 55, adult, male holotype; 56, same, male paratype; 57, same, female paratype; 58, male genitalia, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 637; 59, 60, same, capsule without phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 637 (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164260/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 55, 56</figureCitation>
|
||
). Forewing length 2.2–3.0 mm; wingspan
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B34FFAFD279FCBB26CEF39EFE0A" box="[874,1011,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="6.6" valueMin="4.9">4.9–6.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head: face unusually colored, golden cream; palpi pale grey to dark grey; frontal tuft ochre cream to pale ferruginous but brown to fuscous on vertex; scape golden cream; antenna distinctly longer than half the length of forewing; flagellum with 34 segments, dark grey-brown with golden gloss. Thorax, tegula and forewing ochre-grey to grey, with some (occasssionally without) sparsely distributed brown scales with purple and green iridescence. Forewing without fascia, sometimes with fuscous scales at base along costa; fringe cream to grey cream or grey; underside of forewing grey-brown to dark grey-brown with no spots or androconia. Hindwing pale greyish cream to pale grey-brown on upper side and underside; its fringe pale grey to grey. Legs greyish cream, darkened with grey to dark grey on upper side. Abdomen grey to dark grey or fuscous on upper side, pale grey, glossy on underside; tufts short, indistinctive; genital plates pale brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FFAFD279FF162456F249FC13" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FF162456F173FCA3" bold="true" box="[199,286,836,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FEE32456F1E6FCA3" box="[306,395,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1795,1818]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,193,1764]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[162,1429,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Stigmella lachemillae Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 55, adult, male holotype; 56, same, male paratype; 57, same, female paratype; 58, male genitalia, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 637; 59, 60, same, capsule without phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 637 (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164260/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
|
||
). Usually smaller than male; forewing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B34FFAFD279FC7F2456F450FCA2" box="[942,1085,836,860]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="2.1">2.1–2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; wingspan 4.7–5.0 mm. Palpi cream. Frontal tuft comprised of grey and ferruginous cream piliform scales (the latter are prevailing). Flagellum with 26 segments. Forewing ochre cream, apically fuscous with some gloss and purple iridescence; fringe cream to grey cream. Legs glossy cream, darkened with grey to dark grey on upper side. Abdomen golden cream to ochre cream on upper side and underside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FFAFD279FF1624E5F258FB3B" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FF1624E5F11EFBEE" bold="true" box="[199,371,1015,1040]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FE5524E5F268FBEE" box="[388,517,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1795,1818]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,193,1764]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[162,1429,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Stigmella lachemillae Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 55, adult, male holotype; 56, same, male paratype; 57, same, female paratype; 58, male genitalia, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 637; 59, 60, same, capsule without phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 637 (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164260/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 58–60</figureCitation>
|
||
). Capsule longer (250 µm) than wide (165 µm). Vinculum with short triangular lateral lobes and short ventral plate. Uncus with four papillae distally. Gnathos with two closely juxta-posed caudal processes and large central plate. Valva 140–150 µm long, 40–55 µm wide, with two distinctive apical processes; inner lobe slightly bulged; transtilla with very small sublateral processes. Juxta membranous, indistinctive. Phallus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FF4E2395F099FB5E" box="[159,244,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1795,1818]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,193,1764]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[162,1429,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Stigmella lachemillae Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 55, adult, male holotype; 56, same, male paratype; 57, same, female paratype; 58, male genitalia, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 637; 59, 60, same, capsule without phallus, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 637 (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164260/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
|
||
) 205–210 µm long, 60–80 µm wide; vesica with three large spine-like cornuti and a group of weakly chitinized, small and slender cornuti.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FFAFD279FF1623DDF1B5FA86" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FF1623DDF1E3FB16" bold="true" box="[199,398,1231,1256]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FE4E23DDF198FB16" box="[415,501,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[161,1428,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Bionomics and female genitalia of Stigmella lachemillae Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 61, habitat, grass páramo (predominantly along streams in sheltered damp ravines); 62, 63, host-plant Lachemilla orbiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb. (Rosaceae); 64, 65, leaf-mines; 66, female genitalia, slide no. AD 664 (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164261/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
|
||
). Total length 820–825 µm. Posterior apophyses significantly longer than anterior ones. Vestibulum narrow, without sclerites. Corpus bursae with long, slightly folded (or wrinkled) distal part and oval-shaped, 330–335 µm long, 250–255 µm wide basal part without signa; pectinations comb-like. Accessory sac wide but short; ductus spermathecae wide, without convolutions but with sinuous chitinized part. Abdominal apex narrowed, distally truncated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FFAFD279FF162296F48DF9F6" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FF162296F127FA63" bold="true" box="[199,330,1412,1437]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Bionomics.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FE8F2296F18BFA63" box="[350,486,1412,1437]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[161,1428,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Bionomics and female genitalia of Stigmella lachemillae Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 61, habitat, grass páramo (predominantly along streams in sheltered damp ravines); 62, 63, host-plant Lachemilla orbiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb. (Rosaceae); 64, 65, leaf-mines; 66, female genitalia, slide no. AD 664 (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164261/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 61–65</figureCitation>
|
||
). Larva mines in leaves. Host-plant:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FFAFD279FC4F2296F179FA3E" authority="(Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb." authorityName="(Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Lachemilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FC4F2296F4F0FA62" box="[926,1181,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Lachemilla orbiculata</emphasis>
|
||
(Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb. (Rosaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FEF022B5F1C9FA3E" box="[289,420,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[161,1428,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Bionomics and female genitalia of Stigmella lachemillae Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 61, habitat, grass páramo (predominantly along streams in sheltered damp ravines); 62, 63, host-plant Lachemilla orbiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb. (Rosaceae); 64, 65, leaf-mines; 66, female genitalia, slide no. AD 664 (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164261/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 62–64</figureCitation>
|
||
). Larva pale yellow, with indistintive or ochre-brown intestine and dark brown head; mines in January-February. Leaf-mine starts as a slender sinuous gallery filled with dark brown to black-brown frass; later it developes to a blotch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FE7B22FDF246F9F6" box="[426,555,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[161,1428,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Bionomics and female genitalia of Stigmella lachemillae Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 61, habitat, grass páramo (predominantly along streams in sheltered damp ravines); 62, 63, host-plant Lachemilla orbiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb. (Rosaceae); 64, 65, leaf-mines; 66, female genitalia, slide no. AD 664 (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164261/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 64, 65</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cocoon pale beige. Adults emerged in February and March.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357655AFFAFD279FF162106F523F9AE" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FFAFD279FF162106F523F9AE" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FF162106F134F9D3" bold="true" box="[199,345,1556,1581]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FEB92106F1D2F9D2" box="[360,447,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 17" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,221,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1914]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 17. Distribution of high altitude Stigmella species in the Ecuadorian Andes. 16, habitat of Stigmella paramica sp. nov. and S. confertae Diškus & Stonis, 3700 – 3800 m, 0 ° 21 ' 45 " S, 78 ° 11 ' 35 " W; 17, distribution map." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164247/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FE1A2106F186F9D2" box="[459,491,1556,1580]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="16.[151,250,2000,2022]" captionTargetBox="[163,1429,193,1982]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[163,1430,193,1983]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution map of the high-Andean Nepticulidae with height records." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266413/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">27</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species occurs high in the equatorial Andes (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7641FFAFD279FBFC2106F4E3F9D3" box="[1069,1166,1556,1581]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
) at altitudes about
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B34FFAFD279FAB52106F0C0F9B1" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9799999999999995" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="3980.0">3980 m</quantity>
|
||
in grass páramo habitats (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FE032125F259F9AE" box="[466,564,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1924,1947]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,368,1903]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,301,1904]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. Habitats: grass páramo near volcano Chimborazo (Ecuador: Chimborazo Province) at altitudes about 3980 – 4000 m. 1, 2, habitat of Stigmella gynoxyphaga sp. n. and S. tripartita Diškus & Stonis, 1 ° 31 ' 20 " S, 78 ° 50 ' 27 " W; 3 – 5, habitat of S. lachemillae sp. n. and S. calceolariae sp. n., 1 ° 45 ' 41 " S, 78 ° 48 ' 51 " W." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164244/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 1–5</figureCitation>
|
||
) predominantly along streams in sheltered damp ravines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A54FFAFD279FB6E2125F52FF9AE" box="[1215,1346,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[161,1428,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Bionomics and female genitalia of Stigmella lachemillae Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 61, habitat, grass páramo (predominantly along streams in sheltered damp ravines); 62, 63, host-plant Lachemilla orbiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb. (Rosaceae); 64, 65, leaf-mines; 66, female genitalia, slide no. AD 664 (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164261/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 61, 63</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357655AFFAFD279FF16214EF39EF98A" box="[199,1011,1628,1653]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FFAFD279FF16214EF39EF98A" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,1653]" box="[199,1011,1628,1653]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FF16214EF123F98B" bold="true" box="[199,334,1628,1653]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named after the host-plant genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FFAFD279FCBC214EF39EF98A" box="[877,1011,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FFAFD279FCBC214EF382F98A" box="[877,1007,1628,1652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Lachemilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lachemilla</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |