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<document id="E08AF674E4E79EB5BD4D9453C5B67F55" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4181.1.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="37923" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4181.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7f55813e-d9fb-47d1-ae70-4207ea726e64" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="164243" ID-ZooBank="639B9F0E-4E0C-4859-9A32-093511BEEFB8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1478071931831" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Gerulaitis, Virginijus &amp; Karsholt, Ole" docDate="2016" docId="03E487C7FF8DD25BFF46257EF392F98D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4181.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4181 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stigmella evanida Diskus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="FFDDFFBFFFB4D262FFD12712F06DFFFE" masterDocTitle="Leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from record high altitudes: documenting an entire new fauna in the Andean páramo and puna" masterLastPageNumber="94" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1698430786409" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C34C59B89B242205EA321ED88A155519">Leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from record high altitudes: documenting an entire new fauna in the Andean páramo and puna</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3DAF29A11530C966BCCCD4D3ED55F609">Stonis, Jonas R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="62BFEC29E91A697256DF3D6DB77A9CC9">Diškus, Arūnas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A3495D9915D3E01661D23DA2B0807989">Remeikis, Andrius</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="030AF2E1D6FCC0E1A654312D96E25C8D">Gerulaitis, Virginijus</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="446D93CBD828A78BF9ACD5D8FD826ED6">Karsholt, Ole</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03E487C7FF8DD25BFF46257EF392F98D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3502994" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124560987" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3502994" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487C7FF8DD25BFF46257EF392F98D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487C7FF8DD25BFF46257EF392F98D" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<paragraph id="8BF236D1FF8DD25BFF46257EF2C5FD78" blockId="57.[151,680,620,679]" box="[151,680,620,646]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="D0BA81BDFF8DD25BFF46257EF2C5FD78" bold="true" box="[151,680,620,646]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFF46257EF2C5FD78" bold="true" box="[151,680,620,646]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FF8DD25BFF46257EF250FD78" authority="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityName="Diskus &amp; Stonis" box="[151,573,620,646]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evanida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFF46257EF100FD78" bold="true" box="[151,365,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Stigmella evanida</emphasis>
Diškus &amp; Stonis
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57B8FF8DD25BFD9B257EF2C5FD78" box="[586,680,620,646]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FF8DD25BFF46259CF1FAFD59" blockId="57.[151,680,620,679]" box="[151,407,654,679]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
(
<figureCitation id="13762A54FF8DD25BFF4E259CF098FD59" box="[159,245,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 19" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1914]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 18 19. Distribution of high altitude Nepticulidae and collecting in the Peruvian Andes. 18, distribution map; 19, collector and co-author Ole Karsholt in Polylepis forest during Polylepis Expedition organized by Prof. Dr. Jon Fjeldså (the leader of the Polylepis Expeditions, ZMUC) in 1987." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164248/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Figs 18</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13762A54FF8DD25BFED0259DF14DFD59" box="[257,288,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="16.[151,250,2000,2022]" captionTargetBox="[163,1429,193,1982]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[163,1430,193,1983]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution map of the high-Andean Nepticulidae with height records." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266413/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">27</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13762A54FF8DD25BFEFA259CF1E2FD59" box="[299,399,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURES 157 161" captionStartId="58.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[161,1428,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURES 157 161. Stigmella evanida Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 157, holotype, male adult; 158, same, male genitalia, slide no. AD 672, cornuti in phallus; 159, same, capsule with phallus removed, focused from ventral to more dorsal view; 160, same, ventral view; 161, phallus (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164279/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">157161</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357655AFF8DD25BFF4625C4F4CDFCED" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FF8DD25BFF4625C4F4CDFCED" blockId="57.[151,1437,726,1651]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<materialsCitation id="3B253C8CFF8DD25BFF4625C4F4CDFCED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324487216" collectingDate="1987-02-24" collectingDateMax="1987-02-26" collectingDateMin="1987-02-24" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="O. Karsholt" country="Peru" elevation="4000" latitude="-10.571389" location="Pueblo Quichas" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.7675" municipality="Quabrada Quichas" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Lima" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFF4625C4F129FD11" bold="true" box="[151,324,726,751]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<typeStatus id="54F68873FF8DD25BFF4625C4F0BFFD11" box="[151,210,726,751]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54F68873FF8DD25BFE9A25C4F1D5FD11" box="[331,440,726,751]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: Ƌ,
<collectingCountry id="F35A7641FF8DD25BFE3525C5F243FD10" box="[484,558,727,750]" name="Peru" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">PERU</collectingCountry>
, Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4989F833FF8DD25BFDAC25C4F2D6FD11" box="[637,699,726,751]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Lima</collectingRegion>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A402FF3FF8DD25BFD1725C5F31DFD11" box="[710,880,726,751]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<quantity id="4CB59B34FF8DD25BFD1725C5F360FD11" box="[710,781,726,751]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
N Oyón
</locationDeviation>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B96ACABFF8DD25BFCAB25C4F420FD11" box="[890,1101,726,751]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Quabrada Quichas</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E92600AFF8DD25BFB8925C4F566FD11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487C7FF8DD25BFF46257EF392F98D:8E92600AFF8DD25BFB8925C4F566FD11" box="[1112,1291,726,751]" country="Peru" latitude="-10.571389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.7675" municipality="Quabrada Quichas" name="Pueblo Quichas" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Lima">Pueblo Quichas</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE795016FF8DD25BFAC725C5F5F5FD11" box="[1302,1432,727,751]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" precision="15" value="-10.571389">10°34'17&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE795016FF8DD25BFF4625E8F14CFCED" box="[151,289,762,787]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" precision="15" value="-76.7675">76°46'03&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CB59B34FF8DD25BFEFD25E9F1EEFCEC" box="[300,387,763,787]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="4000.0">
<elevation id="0060D1E2FF8DD25BFEFD25E9F1EEFCEC" box="[300,387,763,787]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="4000.0">4000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFF31011FF8DD25BFE5E25E8F243FCED" box="[399,558,762,787]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="1987-02-24" valueMax="1987-02-26" valueMin="1987-02-24">
<collectingDate id="EFB7E9F9FF8DD25BFE5E25E8F243FCED" box="[399,558,762,787]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="1987-02-24" valueMax="1987-02-26" valueMin="1987-02-24">2426.ii.1987</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26B85307FF8DD25BFDB825E9F282FCED" box="[617,751,762,787]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">O. Karsholt</collectorName>
, genitalia slide no. AD672Ƌ (
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE14FF8DD25BFBEC25E9F4F9FCED" box="[1085,1172,763,787]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">ZMUC</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357655AFF8DD25BFF16240CF1CDFC81" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FF8DD25BFF16240CF1CDFC81" blockId="57.[151,1437,726,1651]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFF16240CF12CFCC9" bold="true" box="[199,321,798,823]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The combination of a very long and slender, closely juxtaposed processes of gnathos, long thickened uncus, and specific set of three different spine-like cornuti distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FF8DD25BFB862451F4A2FCA5" box="[1111,1231,835,859]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evanida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFB862451F4A2FCA5" box="[1111,1231,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">S. evanida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFB082450F55BFCA5" bold="true" box="[1241,1334,834,859]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57B8FF8DD25BFB082450F55BFCA5" box="[1241,1334,834,859]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from all other
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D52FF8DD25BFF062474F12DFC80" box="[215,320,870,894]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFF062474F12DFC80" box="[215,320,870,894]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Stigmella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357655AFF8DD25BFF162498F3F3FA1D" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FF8DD25BFF162498F13FFB60" blockId="57.[151,1437,726,1651]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFF162498F169FC5D" bold="true" box="[199,260,906,931]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13762A54FF8DD25BFEC22498F11BFC5D" box="[275,374,906,931]" captionStart="FIGURES 157 161" captionStartId="58.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[161,1428,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURES 157 161. Stigmella evanida Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 157, holotype, male adult; 158, same, male genitalia, slide no. AD 672, cornuti in phallus; 159, same, capsule with phallus removed, focused from ventral to more dorsal view; 160, same, ventral view; 161, phallus (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164279/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 157</figureCitation>
). Forewing length about 2.93.0 mm; wingspan about
<quantity id="4CB59B34FF8DD25BFC0E2498F404FC5C" box="[991,1129,906,931]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.45" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="6.4" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="6.45" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="6.4">6.46.5 mm</quantity>
. Head: palpi cream; frontal tuft pale yellowish orange; collar and scape cream; antenna distinctly longer than half the length of forewing; flagellum with 38 segments, pale brown to grey-brown on upper side, pale brown on underside. Thorax, tegula and forewing glossy brownish cream, speckled with brown and dark brown scales, without purple iridescence; fringe pale grey; underside of forewing grey-brown, with no spots. Hindwing pale grey to grey white on upper side and underside, with no spots or androconia; fringe greyish white. Legs ochreous cream; forelegs with dark grey-brown scales on upper side. Abdomen grey-brown on upper side, cream on underside; tufts indistinct, cream; genital segments cream.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FF8DD25BFF1623B8F1CFFB3D" blockId="57.[151,1437,726,1651]" box="[199,418,1194,1219]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFF1623B8F148FB3D" bold="true" box="[199,293,1194,1219]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FF8DD25BFF1623DCF551FA41" blockId="57.[151,1437,726,1651]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFF1623DCF11FFB19" bold="true" box="[199,370,1230,1255]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13762A54FF8DD25BFE5323DCF273FB19" box="[386,542,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURES 157 161" captionStartId="58.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[161,1428,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURES 157 161. Stigmella evanida Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 157, holotype, male adult; 158, same, male genitalia, slide no. AD 672, cornuti in phallus; 159, same, capsule with phallus removed, focused from ventral to more dorsal view; 160, same, ventral view; 161, phallus (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164279/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Figs 159161</figureCitation>
). Capsule longer (290 µm) than wide (145 µm). Uncus long, laterally strongly thickened, distally narrowing, divided into two lobes, each with two papillae. Gnathos with two very long and very slender, closely juxtaposed caudal processes and very slender central plate; lateral arms of gnathos large. Valva 190195 µm long, 4045 µm wide, with two apical processes; transtilla without sublateral processes, round in corners. Juxta membranous, indistict. Vinculum with triangular lateral lobes, wide anterior excavation and very short ventral plate. Phallus (
<figureCitation id="13762A54FF8DD25BFE062290F254FA65" box="[471,569,1410,1435]" captionStart="FIGURES 157 161" captionStartId="58.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[161,1428,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURES 157 161. Stigmella evanida Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 157, holotype, male adult; 158, same, male genitalia, slide no. AD 672, cornuti in phallus; 159, same, capsule with phallus removed, focused from ventral to more dorsal view; 160, same, ventral view; 161, phallus (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164279/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 161</figureCitation>
) 245 µm long, 4050 µm wide; vesica with spine-like cornuti: two strongly thickened, four weakly thickened and smaller, and about 67 weakly thickened but gathered into a cluster.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FF8DD25BFF1622D8F3F3FA1D" blockId="57.[151,1437,726,1651]" box="[199,926,1482,1507]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFF1622D8F127FA1D" bold="true" box="[199,330,1482,1507]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Bionomics.</emphasis>
Adults fly in February. Otherwise biology unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357655AFF8DD25BFF1622FCF134F9D4" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FF8DD25BFF1622FCF134F9D4" blockId="57.[151,1437,726,1651]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFF1622FCF134F9F9" bold="true" box="[199,345,1518,1543]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13762A54FF8DD25BFEBA22FCF1ABF9F9" box="[363,454,1518,1543]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 19" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1914]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 18 19. Distribution of high altitude Nepticulidae and collecting in the Peruvian Andes. 18, distribution map; 19, collector and co-author Ole Karsholt in Polylepis forest during Polylepis Expedition organized by Prof. Dr. Jon Fjeldså (the leader of the Polylepis Expeditions, ZMUC) in 1987." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164248/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Figs 18</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13762A54FF8DD25BFE0422FDF198F9F9" box="[469,501,1519,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="16.[151,250,2000,2022]" captionTargetBox="[163,1429,193,1982]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[163,1430,193,1983]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution map of the high-Andean Nepticulidae with height records." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266413/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">27</figureCitation>
). This species occurs in the high Peruvian Andes (
<collectingCountry id="F35A7641FF8DD25BFB9822FDF4EFF9F9" box="[1097,1154,1519,1543]" name="Peru" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Peru</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4989F833FF8DD25BFB4122FCF4A6F9F9" box="[1168,1227,1518,1543]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Lima</collectingRegion>
Departamento) at altitudes
<quantity id="4CB59B34FF8DD25BFF2C2101F138F9D4" box="[253,341,1555,1579]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="4000.0">4000 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357655AFF8DD25BFF162124F392F98D" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF236D1FF8DD25BFF162124F392F98D" blockId="57.[151,1437,726,1651]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFF162124F123F9B1" bold="true" box="[199,334,1590,1615]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is derived from Latin
<emphasis id="B939EAC3FF8DD25BFCF72124F3E7F9B0" box="[806,906,1590,1614]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">evanidus</emphasis>
(poor, weak, disappearing) in reference to the poorly speckled forewing and weakly developed cornuti in the male genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>