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<mods:title id="A40BD99CE5C21BC5065130F24846C2B6">On new terrestrial ostracods (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Brazil, primarily from São Paulo State</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BF236BF11166C2AFF7BCB6E639BD066" blockId="11.[188,752,1004,1124]" box="[188,752,1068,1092]" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">
<heading id="D0BA81D311166C2AFF7BCB6E639BD066" box="[188,752,1068,1092]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" reason="2">
TRIBE
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D3C11166C2AFECDCB6E639BD066" authority="(SHORNIKOV, 1980)" baseAuthorityName="SHORNIKOV" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[266,752,1068,1092]" class="Ostracoda" family="Candonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Terrestricypridini">
<emphasis id="B939EAAD11166C2AFECDCB6E6361D061" bold="true" box="[266,522,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">TERRESTRICYPRIDINI</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B4E11166C2AFDDDCB6E6383D066" author="Shornikov E" box="[538,744,1068,1092]" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" pagination="1309 - 1319" refId="ref16463" refString="Shornikov E. 1980. Ostracodes in terrestrial biotopes. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 59: 1309 - 1319 (in Russian with English abstract)." type="journal article" year="1980">SHORNIKOV, 1980</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236BF11166C2AFEADCB0E6329D046" blockId="11.[188,752,1004,1124]" box="[362,578,1100,1124]" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">
<heading id="D0BA81D311166C2AFEADCB0E6329D046" allCaps="true" box="[362,578,1100,1124]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" reason="1">(CHANGE OF RANK)</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C357653411166C2AFF65CB376570D16A" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF236BF11166C2AFF65CB376064D0A8" blockId="11.[162,778,1141,1347]" box="[162,271,1141,1162]" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="B939EAAD11166C2AFF65CB376064D0A8" box="[162,271,1141,1162]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236BF11166C2AFF65CBD66287D4DA" blockId="11.[162,778,1141,1347]" lastBlockId="11.[826,1442,196,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">
Small (L =
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) candonids, with reniform valves in lateral view and narrow carapace with straight margins in dorsal view. All limbs with some aspect of reduced chaetotaxy (fusion of segments, loss of setae) to varying degrees in the different genera. A1 with 5 segments, with various segments fused in the different genera; endopodal segments 1 and 2 +
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T3 devoid of setae.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B939EAAD11166C2AFCFDCE5D62F7D516" box="[826,924,287,308]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">Remarks</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BF236BF11166C2AFCFDCE7C6454D668" blockId="11.[826,1443,287,1352]" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">
1.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B4E11166C2AFC9CCE7C6574D576" author="Shornikov E" box="[859,1055,318,340]" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" pagination="1309 - 1319" refId="ref16463" refString="Shornikov E. 1980. Ostracodes in terrestrial biotopes. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 59: 1309 - 1319 (in Russian with English abstract)." type="journal article" year="1980">Shornikov (1980)</bibRefCitation>
created the new family
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to accommodate
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D3C11166C2AFB6BCE1C643AD551" authorityName="Shornikov" authorityYear="1980" box="[1196,1361,350,371]" class="Ostracoda" family="Candonidae" genus="Terrestricypris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939EAAD11166C2AFB6BCE1C643AD551" box="[1196,1361,350,371]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">Terrestricypris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, this genus clearly belongs in the
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D3C11166C2AFAD5CE3E64F5D5B0" authorityName="KAUFMANN" authorityYear="1900" box="[1298,1438,380,402]" class="Ostracoda" family="Candonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Candonidae</taxonomicName>
, a group where reduction in chaetotaxy (i.e. number of segments, number of setae and claws) is not uncommon (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B4E11166C2AFBE0CE9A6599D5CF" author="Danielopol DL" box="[1063,1266,472,494]" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" refId="ref15468" refString="Danielopol DL. 1978. Uber die Herkunft und Morphologie der Susswasser-Hypogaischen Candoninae (Crustacea, Ostracoda). New York: Springer Verlag." type="book" year="1978">Danielopol, 1978</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B4E11166C2AFAC0CE9A6549D629" author="Karanovic I &amp; Marmonier P" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref15906" refString="Karanovic I, Marmonier P. 2003. Three new genera and nine new species of the subfamily Candoninae (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Podocopida) from the Pilbara region (Western Australia). Beaufortia 53: 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="2003">Karanovic &amp; Marmonier, 2003</bibRefCitation>
; I. Karanovic unpubl. data). This taxon is here retained, albeit with a change of rank, namely as a tribe within the
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D3C11166C2AFB69CD766450D668" authorityName="KAUFMANN" authorityYear="1900" box="[1198,1339,564,586]" class="Ostracoda" family="Candoninae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Candoninae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236BF11166C2AFCFDCD1065BCD71D" blockId="11.[826,1443,287,1352]" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">
2.
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D3C11166C2AFC9CCD10654DD64A" baseAuthorityName="SHORNIKOV" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[859,1062,594,616]" class="Ostracoda" family="Candonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Terrestricypridini">Terrestricypridini</taxonomicName>
at present comprises 3 genera,
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D3C11166C2AFC9CCD336575D6A4" authorityName="Danielopol &amp; Betsch" authorityYear="1980" box="[859,1054,625,646]" class="Ostracoda" family="Candonidae" genus="Terrestricandona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939EAAD11166C2AFC9CCD336575D6A4" box="[859,1054,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">Terrestricandona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D3C11166C2AFBEACD3065B9D6A5" authorityName="Shornikov" authorityYear="1980" box="[1069,1234,626,647]" class="Ostracoda" family="Candonidae" genus="Terrestricypris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939EAAD11166C2AFBEACD3065B9D6A5" box="[1069,1234,626,647]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">Terrestricypris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D3C11166C2AFAC8CD3362FFD687" authority="Pinto &amp; Rocha &amp; Martens, 2005" authorityName="Pinto &amp; Rocha &amp; Martens" authorityYear="2005" class="Ostracoda" family="Candonidae" genus="Caaporacandona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939EAAD11166C2AFAC8CD3362FFD687" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">Caaporacandona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57D611166C2AFC5ACDD2656FD687" box="[925,1028,656,677]" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, which together form a clear evolutionary lineage (see Discussion). It is possible that more genera will be found that will represent either more or less derived stages of evolution within this lineages. In the latter case, the diagnosis of the tribe might require modification.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236BF11166C2AFCFDCC0A6466D0B2" blockId="11.[826,1443,287,1352]" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">
3. Karanovic, in a series of papers (2003a, b and several papers in press), has described an impressive number of species and genera of subterranean
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D3C11166C2AFADDCCC764CAD7B9" authorityName="KAUFMANN" authorityYear="1900" box="[1306,1441,901,923]" class="Ostracoda" family="Candoninae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Candoninae</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="4989F85D11166C2AFC53CCE66509D798" box="[916,1122,932,954]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="11" pageNumber="156">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
. These ostracods also display loss of chaetotaxy in, amongst other limbs, the A1. However, the Australian interstitial taxa mostly also have a reduction in the chaetotaxy of the CR, which is well developed in all
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D3C11166C2AFBA1CB5C6444D016" baseAuthorityName="SHORNIKOV" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[1126,1327,1054,1076]" class="Ostracoda" family="Candonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="11" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Terrestricypridini">Terrestricypridini</taxonomicName>
, and have very different valves. It is thus accepted here that the South American terrestrial and Autralian interstitial candonids belong to different lineages.
</paragraph>
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4. Species of all three genera of
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have a distinct juvenile aspect (small size, narrow calcified inner lamella, reduced number of muscle scars). It is therefore probable that the presence of these genera in the fossil record has consistently been overlooked.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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