248 lines
29 KiB
XML
248 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="2B24BACEC5A905829CB84AA983E8CD20" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2011n3a3" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4546941" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613603788907" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gómez, José Francisco, Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis, Nieves, María Hernández & Stone, Graham Nicholas" docDate="2011" docId="03E487A7AF58276F059FFA676AF1F97C" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.33.3.287-323.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 33 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n3a3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EB3C2C73672D2E883259A050BD27978B.6:Zoosystema.2011-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="EB3C2C73672D2E883259A050BD27978B" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2011-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Eurytoma cynipsea Boheman 1836" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="306" masterDocId="FFDDFFDFAF4B277C0523FFCB691BFFD8" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphology and biology of terminalinstar larvae of some Eurytoma (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) species parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in western Europe" masterLastPageNumber="323" masterPageNumber="287" pageNumber="306" updateTime="1698873130332" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1CED359A60C9F8CBBCF2CF9FD90F3B8C">
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<mods:title id="96E33095F5F6424306957F5F00C2287A">Comparative morphology and biology of terminalinstar larvae of some Eurytoma (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) species parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in western Europe</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="1E6E0236F71626117B94931B7AD2AC70" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B91B8D5C45951A217C85544E37C26B17">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AC0AF807EC756C130649EC91A3A3117F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6ABB512DE2EEFDF0BD989A0DC9F69EBE">Gómez, José Francisco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="785125753949ADCAE423182B609042F4">Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (UCM), Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid (Spain) jf. gomez @ bio. ucm. es</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="5E6BEA1272E9D656410915DB5447D1EF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6C2BDA0F0A10C8DA097C616AF6BD72BB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="92C48BD9497DCABF890F0608490A8376">Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1E46FB0487E30DE26AEA8D139E53FDF6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A3FBC83DB1007EEF5D78FDF2A6D926F2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E008223D539A8788D9999DF90A328378">Nieves, María Hernández</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FED95E9B65227626824F48E301F4A0BF">Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, c / José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid (Spain) aldrey @ mncn. csic. es</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4B573EF4D1DC02BE153147E3607EBF4B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E3B5604C7B52875041420DC2FCC1A665">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E8F049C6A39D60C49713037098FAFBBF">Stone, Graham Nicholas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="49E82063313AC38031FA27D246D2FA3E">Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, School of Biological Sciences, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH 9 3 JT (United Kingdom) graham. stone @ ed. ac. uk</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C8EE92DDE46F8CFFA10AE7008F261E1D" type="email">stone@ed.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="78C216C7FA3832EA8477A001A1F149C4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C8100CA617524CFA36CCB677BC614AF6">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="E49186C152E0D6E3BA3BC597AE37726B">
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<mods:date id="C6BB5F5822EF11CB0B20CE5703F85336">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="BE061C5C8F3FD788E40304B00725A7A4" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="162841722F8304C54ACFA840C6F30EB6">2011-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="36F741E418F2329362CE7803F8FAFAAF" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C1C4A9E27A9145A3A8DB77DA84060AEE">33</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="7482428DF27F17825CB04178CB22C88E" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="9A2B22A2D7E0F65E8D86EC9DD402796D">3</mods:number>
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<mods:location id="33D9174A4E1221D86313E7C72333F8E8">
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<mods:url id="1E5D33D45507BDE16EA3D1D137BD5B08">http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n3a3</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C465C5CDE25EBEA806A7AAB1F2D563AC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A9F91EB7DD2F96E0A7D1179A2D51F76C" type="DOI">10.5252/z2011n3a3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="938F5933C8697F282DB41D0CB8261DA8" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5DA6013A76B9DFCA429C6ACA7CDCC109" type="Zenodo-Dep">4546941</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03E487A7AF58276F059FFA676AF1F97C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487A7AF58276F059FFA676AF1F97C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487A7AF58276F059FFA676AF1F97C" lastPageNumber="306" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
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<subSubSection id="C357653AAF58276F059FFA676B27FA1E" box="[188,572,1451,1478]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F059FFA676B27FA1E" blockId="19.[188,572,1451,1478]" box="[188,572,1451,1478]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
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<heading id="D0BA81DDAF58276F059FFA676B27FA1E" box="[188,572,1451,1478]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F059FFA676B27FA1E" ID-CoL="3D7KQ" authority="Boheman, 1836" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1836" box="[188,572,1451,1478]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cynipsea">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F059FFA67689CFA1D" bold="true" box="[188,391,1451,1478]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Eurytoma cynipsea</emphasis>
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||
Boheman, 1836
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF58276F0552FA2768C1F97B" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0552FA2769CAF9B6" blockId="19.[112,648,1516,1699]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
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||
MATERIAL EXAMINED.
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F046EFA26687DF9DC" box="[333,358,1517,1540]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">—</emphasis>
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||
Ex
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F04B3FA276B30F9DC" authorityName="Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="1994" box="[400,555,1516,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freesei">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F04B3FA276B30F9DC" box="[400,555,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Aulacidea freesei</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
/
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F0710FA2769A2F9C7" authorityName="Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zwolferi">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F0710FA2769A2F9C7" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Phanacis zwolferi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F05E7F9CD69E0F9C6" bold="true" box="[196,251,1542,1566]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
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||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF58276F05E7F9CD69E0F9C6" box="[196,251,1542,1566]" name="Spain" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Spain</collectingCountry>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<collectingRegion id="4989F853AF58276F05DDF9CC6857F9C7" box="[254,332,1543,1567]" country="Spain" name="Madrid" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Madrid</collectingRegion>
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||
, Arganda,
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<date id="FFF31071AF58276F048CF9CC6B08F9C7" box="[431,531,1543,1567]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" value="2002-11-07">7.XI.2002</date>
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, J. L. Nieves leg (n = 1). —
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<collectingRegion id="4989F853AF58276F0428F9EA6843F9E1" box="[267,344,1569,1593]" country="Spain" name="Madrid" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Madrid</collectingRegion>
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, Monte Pajares,
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<date id="FFF31071AF58276F0722F9EA6B72F9E1" box="[513,617,1569,1593]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" value="2002-11-07">7.XI.2002</date>
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, J. L. Nieves leg (n = 10, of which
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<specimenCount id="9D4BFD38AF58276F048DF9F76B3EF98C" box="[430,549,1596,1620]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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||
MNHN-
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||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE74AF58276F0552F99D6988F9B6" box="[113,147,1622,1646]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">EY</collectionCode>
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||
6412).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0552F9BA68C1F97B" blockId="19.[112,648,1516,1699]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
|
||
Ex
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F05B6F9BA6840F951" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[149,347,1649,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosellae">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F05B6F9BA6840F951" box="[149,347,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Aulacidea pilosellae</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F0448F9BB68BDF950" bold="true" box="[363,422,1648,1672]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF58276F0448F9BB68BDF950" box="[363,422,1648,1672]" name="Spain" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Spain</collectingCountry>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<collectingRegion id="4989F853AF58276F0494F9BA6B13F951" box="[439,520,1649,1673]" country="Spain" name="Madrid" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Madrid</collectingRegion>
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||
, Valgallego,
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<date id="FFF31071AF58276F0552F94069FDF97B" box="[113,230,1675,1699]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" value="2004-06-19">
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||
19.
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||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE74AF58276F05AEF94069B1F97B" box="[141,170,1675,1699]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">VI</collectionCode>
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||
.2004
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</date>
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, J. L. Nieves leg, (n = 3).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF58276F0786FF1C6D6CFB71" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0786FF1C6D1CFED1" blockId="19.[675,1210,215,424]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
|
||
Ex
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F07E9FF1C6A80FF37" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[714,923,215,239]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Isocolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensteini">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F07E9FF1C6A80FF37" box="[714,923,215,239]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Isocolus lichtensteini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F068FFF1C6AF3FF37" bold="true" box="[940,1000,215,239]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
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||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF58276F068FFF1C6AF3FF37" box="[940,1000,215,239]" name="Spain" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Spain</collectingCountry>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
.
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<collectingRegion id="4989F853AF58276F06D9FF1C6D57FF37" box="[1018,1100,215,239]" country="Spain" name="Madrid" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Madrid</collectingRegion>
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||
, Arganda,
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<date id="FFF31071AF58276F0786FF3A6A02FED1" box="[677,793,241,265]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" value="2002-03-24">24.III.2002</date>
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, J. L. Nieves leg (n = 1).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0786FEC76A9DFEE6" blockId="19.[675,1210,215,424]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
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||
Ex
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F07E1FEC66A41FEFC" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[706,858,268,292]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Timaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cichorii">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F07E1FEC66A41FEFC" box="[706,858,268,292]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Timaspis cichorii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F0647FEC76A81FEFC" bold="true" box="[868,922,268,292]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF58276F0647FEC76A81FEFC" box="[868,922,268,292]" name="Spain" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
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||
<collectingRegion id="4989F853AF58276F0686FEC76AF4FEFC" box="[933,1007,268,292]" country="Spain" name="Madrid" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Madrid</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Arganda,
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||
<date id="FFF31071AF58276F0172FEC76DADFEFC" box="[1105,1206,268,292]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" value="2003-11-08">8.XI.2003</date>
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||
, J. L. Nieves leg (n = 1).
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0786FE8A6D1CFEAB" blockId="19.[675,1210,215,424]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
|
||
Ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F07E1FE8A6A74FE80" box="[706,879,321,344]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Timaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursopermi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F07E1FE8A6A74FE80" box="[706,879,321,344]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Timaspis ursopermi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F0659FE8B6AABFE80" bold="true" box="[890,944,320,344]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF58276F0659FE8B6AABFE80" box="[890,944,320,344]" name="Spain" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Málaga, Casares,
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||
<date id="FFF31071AF58276F017AFE8A6DA1FE81" box="[1113,1210,321,345]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" value="2002-08">VIII.2002</date>
|
||
and
|
||
<date id="FFF31071AF58276F07EEFE906A01FEAB" box="[717,794,347,371]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" value="2003-02">II.2003</date>
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||
, J. L. Nieves leg (n = 2).
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0786FEBD6AE0FE70" blockId="19.[675,1210,215,424]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
|
||
Ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F07E0FEBD6A8CFE56" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[707,919,374,398]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypochoeridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F07E0FEBD6A8CFE56" box="[707,919,374,398]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Phanacis hypochoeridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F0682FEBE6AC2FE55" bold="true" box="[929,985,373,397]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF58276F0682FEBE6AC2FE55" box="[929,985,373,397]" name="Spain" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Pontevedra, Islas Cíes, 16.VII.03, J. L. Nieves leg, (n = 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0786FE1E6A2EFE36" blockId="19.[674,1212,469,1193]" box="[677,821,469,496]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0786FE3E6D6CFB71" blockId="19.[674,1212,469,1193]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
|
||
n = 19; body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B54AF58276F0658FE3E6ACBFDC8" box="[891,976,501,528]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(range 1.0-2.3); body width
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B54AF58276F07C0FDDE6A29FDE8" box="[739,818,533,560]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.4-1.5)(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF58276F06B8FDDE6AF1FDE8" box="[923,1002,533,560]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,123,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[113,1209,215,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-100@11.[113,663,760,1308]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 5.— Ventral views ofterminal-instar eurytomidlarvae:A, Eurytomaaspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E.brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar,1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae. Scale bars:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546951/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Figs5C</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF58276F06D0FDDE6D0EFDE8" box="[1011,1045,533,560]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[113,123,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[114,1209,215,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-96@13.[114,1209,214,1589]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7.— Lateralviews ofterminal-instar eurytomidlarvae:A,Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E.brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar,1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae. Scale bars:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546955/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">7C</figureCitation>
|
||
);body fusiform, ratio L/W = 1.7; ventral margin of body segments clearly convex; anterodorsal protuberances protruding from second thoracic segment to the seventh abdominal segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF58276F06A3FD586AA5FD76" box="[896,958,659,686]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[677,688,696,713]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,215,657]" captionTargetId="figure-282@6.[676,1210,214,657]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Body in lateral view of Eurytoma cynipsea Boheman, 1836.Abbreviations:ABS1-ABS9, abdominal segments;ANS, anal segment; THS1-THS3, thoracic segments; other abbreviations, see Material and methods; distributions of setae are referred to as: D, dorsal area; P, pleural area; V, ventral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546943/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antero-medial setae of antennal area at the same level as the antennae; ratio SA/LAA = 0.55; ratio SA/DAV between 0.38-0.53; antero-medial setae of vertex situated relatively high on the upper face (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF58276F0641FCD96A84FCF5" box="[866,927,786,813]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[677,688,1367,1384]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,853,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-354@6.[676,1210,853,1324]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Anterior view of head of Eurytoma cynipsea Boheman, 1836, illustrating the terminology used for general description. Abbreviations: see Material and methods." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546947/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
); dorsal-labral setae as long as clypeal setae; ventral margin of clypeus indistinct; labrum with deep divisions forming a pair of flaps and five well differentiated lobes; maxillary palps conspicuous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF58276F0615FC5A6A83FC74" box="[822,920,913,940]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[112,123,960,977]" captionTargetBox="[243,1079,215,916]" captionTargetId="figure-369@17.[243,1080,214,916]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 11. — Anterior views of mouthparts of terminal-instar eurytomidae larvae:A, Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar, 1994. Scale bars: A, E, 200 μm; B-D, F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546963/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both mandibles with two teeth and apical tooth clearly visible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF58276F0166FC7B6DB1FC13" box="[1093,1194,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[112,123,960,977]" captionTargetBox="[243,1079,215,916]" captionTargetId="figure-369@17.[243,1080,214,916]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 11. — Anterior views of mouthparts of terminal-instar eurytomidae larvae:A, Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar, 1994. Scale bars: A, E, 200 μm; B-D, F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546963/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
|
||
); ratio L/W 1T between 0.6-2.0, varying according to each specific host; outer margin of first tooth strongly convex, with the tip moderately recurved; the shape of apex of the second tooth varies from pointed to blunt depending on the specific host, but is always straight and directed upwards in the same direction as the first tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF58276F0125FB456D72FB71" box="[1030,1129,1166,1193]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[113,123,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[153,1169,215,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-157@20.[153,1169,214,1545]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 13.— Anterior views of the right mandible of terminal-instar eurytomid larvae:A, Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar, 1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae; I, E. rufipes Walker, 1832; J, E. sp. cf. aspila; K, E. sp. cf. jaceae; L, E. strigifrons Thomson, 1876 (right mandible); M, E. strigifrons (left mandible); N, E. timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scales bars: A, D-G, I-N, 50 μm; B, 20 μm; C, H, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546967/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF58276F0786FB056DBBFA1E" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0786FB056A1EFB3F" blockId="19.[675,1212,1230,1478]" box="[677,773,1230,1257]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">BIOLOGY</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0786FB266DBBFA1E" blockId="19.[675,1212,1230,1478]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
|
||
The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F063CFB256AC1FADF" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1836" box="[799,986,1262,1287]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cynipsea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F063CFB256AC1FADF" box="[799,986,1262,1287]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Eurytoma cynipsea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also a polyphagous ectoparasitoid reared from galls of different
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F0140FAC66DA2FAF0" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1903" box="[1123,1209,1293,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aylacini">Aylacini</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F07DBFAE66A7CFA90" authorityName="in Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2001" box="[760,871,1325,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cynipidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on various species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F0164FAE66DACFA90" box="[1095,1207,1325,1352]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Fully-grown larvae consume gall tissue, and slightly enlarge the host gall cell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF58276F06EEFAA76D4EFA5F" box="[973,1109,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[113,124,1332,1349]" captionTargetBox="[132,1191,215,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-275@21.[132,1191,214,1276]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 14. — A, terminal-instar larva of Eurytoma aspila (Walker, 1836) ex gall of Aulacidea tragopogonis; B, larval cells of Phanacis centaureae with terminal-instar larvae of E. aspila; C, cross-section of Cynips quercus (A) leaf gall showing terminal-instar larva of E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852, with debris of adult host; D, ventral view of terminal-instar larva of E. brunniventris ex gall of C. quercus (A);E, cross-section of a gall of Cynips divisa (A) showing fully-grown larva of E. brunniventris; F, terminal-instar larva of E.brunniventris ex gall of Plagiotrochus australis (S);G, anterior view of head of fully-grown larva of E.brunniventris ex gall of P.australis (S); H, larval cells of Aulacidea pilosellae with terminal-instar larva of E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836; I, larval cell on Silybum marianum with terminal-instar larva of E. cynipsea feeding on gall tissue; J, terminal-instar larva of E. robusta Mayr, 1878 in cell of Isocolus leuzeae gall; K, cross-section of Diplolepis centifoliae leaf gall showing terminal-instar larva of E. rosae Nees, 1834; L, lateral view of fully-grown larva of E. rosae ex gall of D. centifoliae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546969" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546969/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">Fig. 14H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Larvae overwinter and adults emerge in the following year when new galls are available on the host plants.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF58276F0786FA206AF1F97C" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0786FA206A12F9DC" blockId="19.[675,1212,1515,1700]" box="[677,777,1515,1542]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">REMARKS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF58276F0786F9C16AF1F97C" blockId="19.[675,1212,1515,1700]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">
|
||
As with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F07DAF9C06A4BF9FC" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[761,848,1546,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspila">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F07DAF9C06A4BF9FC" box="[761,848,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">E. aspila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F067FF9C06AD1F9FC" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1836" box="[860,970,1547,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cynipsea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F067FF9C06AD1F9FC" box="[860,970,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">E. cynipsea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F0144F9C06DA1F9FC" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1836" box="[1127,1210,1547,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cynipsea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F0144F9C06DA1F9FC" box="[1127,1210,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">cynipsea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B40AF58276F066DF9E16AFDF99D" author="ZEROVA M. D." box="[846,998,1578,1605]" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" pagination="68 - 74" refId="ref23076" refString="ZEROVA M. D. 1993. - The new group of phytophagous chalcids of the family Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea). Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal 72 (10): 68 - 74." type="journal article" year="1993">Zerova 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); their larvae have a similar appearance, with very large sclerotized and exposed mandibles. However, the mandible of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF58276F0780F9416A0EF97B" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1836" box="[675,789,1674,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cynipsea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF58276F0780F9416A0EF97B" box="[675,789,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="306">E. cynipsea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has only two teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |