151 lines
16 KiB
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151 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="F7400627CE0370E5FCB03A26315FD092" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5164.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6821026" ID-ZooBank="3BECB9C7-F4B5-4FA4-934B-1822BF3D1077" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657611643055" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2022" docId="03CE851E9233E962EBF94B43FB9CFD10" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5164.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5164 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5164.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Atheraster Mah 2022, nov. gen." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFF7FD66922BE97BEB6E4C15FFC4FFDC" masterDocTitle="New Genera, Species and Occurrences of Deep-Sea Asteroidea (Valvatacea, Forcipulatacea, Echinodermata) collected from the North Pacific Ocean by the CAPSTONE Expedition" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1699345508031" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F231CE784AAF7B206AE74B3F74CE1F55">New Genera, Species and Occurrences of Deep-Sea Asteroidea (Valvatacea, Forcipulatacea, Echinodermata) collected from the North Pacific Ocean by the CAPSTONE Expedition</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="9C461AB2EFDBD576024EA350982554F8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="873458971D8AB59E8CA0B4733252F8C0">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C782C15027CD30655DDEAEC3CF1F6477">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C11C483A1F1A0BCF501447A109888BD5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="83523DC7884C36A983F7DC60BE7F05ED">
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<mods:date id="BC91F10AA8537CC71B716EAC7632B872">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3406D97AA58B25C0FD46B2A8401D40F8">2022-07-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5D0ED1A8AC4202F7FA4E7DC7D786D5A0">5164</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="2ABEB4529F15E5FD6FF66D089E1FC98C">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5164.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="E9551B4F805CDB8FBFA506D9C89A0607">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="04CE1F48E9BDC62E7F083F26E9A37FCF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5164.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DFF31D47B01CEDA6024F136EB11FA080" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B4929450C727E427EE8741CDFB12CC61" type="Zenodo-Dep">6821026</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CE851E9233E962EBF94B43FB9CFD10" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821044" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6821044" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE851E9233E962EBF94B43FB9CFD10" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CE851E9233E962EBF94B43FB9CFD10" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839233E963EBF94B43FE4FF8AD" box="[151,395,1878,1905]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089233E963EBF94B43FE4FF8AD" blockId="24.[151,395,1878,1905]" box="[151,395,1878,1905]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="D09083649233E963EBF94B43FE4FF8AD" bold="true" box="[151,395,1878,1905]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9233E963EBF94B43FE4FF8AD" bold="true" box="[151,395,1878,1905]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9233E963EBF94B43FED2F8AD" ID-CoL="9FY9V" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,278,1878,1905]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Atheraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9233E963EBF94B43FED2F8AD" bold="true" box="[151,278,1878,1905]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Atheraster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22055619233E963EA704B42FE4FF8AD" box="[286,395,1879,1905]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="genus">nov. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839233E963EBF94B8AFDDAF801" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089233E963EBF94B8AFDDAF801" blockId="24.[151,1436,1951,2013]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9233E963EBF94B8AFEDBF865" bold="true" box="[151,287,1951,1977]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The genus name is derived from the Greek
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9233E963E8644B8AFC81F865" box="[778,837,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">ather</emphasis>
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- for “spike” alluding to the regular, prominent spines which serve to diagnose the genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839232E962EBA94C83FE87FEC0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089232E962EBA94C83FE87FEC0" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962EBA94C83FE86FF6C" bold="true" box="[199,322,150,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body strongly stellate (R/r=3.8-4.0) with arms, elongate and tapering. Abactinal arm plates twice to three times larger than those on the disk. Sharp, thorn-like spines present on all superomarginal and inferomarginal plates, forming regular series. Granules with pointed tips. Pedicellariae paddle-like. Furrow spine number,
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<quantity id="4C9F99ED9232E962EE294CCBFA58FF24" box="[1351,1436,222,249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.921" metricValueMax="3.81" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="in" value="11.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="8.0">8–15 in</quantity>
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known species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839232E962EBA94D33FB9CFD10" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089232E962EBA94D33FC7DFE70" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962EBA94D33FE8BFE9C" bold="true" box="[199,335,294,320]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Comments.</emphasis>
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The persistent presence of prominent spines along both the superomarginal and inferomarginal plate series, in addition to the enlarged arm plates relative to the disk plates further constrains the character distribution for two recognized species, suggesting a very different taxon than those observed in the otherwise similar
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962EBF94D86FEC8FE71" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,268,403,429]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Circeaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962EBF94D86FEC8FE71" box="[151,268,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Circeaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which lacks spines but shares enlarged abactinal arm plates.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD834089232E962EBA94DA3FEBAFDC4" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Both species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962EA134DA3FE37FE0C" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[381,499,438,464]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Atheraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962EA134DA3FE37FE0C" box="[381,499,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Atheraster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are known from abyssal depths (
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<quantity id="4C9F99ED9232E962E8064DA3FBC2FE0C" box="[872,1030,438,464]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="2000.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000–3000 m</quantity>
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) in the North Pacific. Although two species are described, many similar species were observed from
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962E81C4DCEFC7CFE28" box="[882,952,475,500]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Iconaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="74" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="situ">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962E81C4DCEFC7CFE28" box="[882,952,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">in situ</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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video which could represent further as yet undescribed species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD834089232E962EBA94E37FB90FD59" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Although clearly sharing characters with
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962E9F24E36FCD5FDE1" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2006" box="[668,785,547,573]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Circeaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962E9F24E36FCD5FDE1" box="[668,785,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Circeaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the spines, pedicellariae and smooth abactinal plates are also similar to those found in
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962EA8C4E53FD96FDBC" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[482,594,582,608]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Calliaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962EA8C4E53FD96FDBC" box="[482,594,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Calliaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and related taxa, such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962E81E4E53FBCBFDBC" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1893" box="[880,1039,582,608]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Milteliphaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962E81E4E53FBCBFDBC" box="[880,1039,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Milteliphaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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whereas the granulation in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962EE024E53FECAFD59" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Atheraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962EE024E53FF22FD58" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Atheraster</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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described herein are similar to those seen in
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962E8684E7EFC48FD58" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[774,908,619,644]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962E8684E7EFC48FD58" box="[774,908,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Hippasteria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962E8AC4E7FFB88FD58" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1906" box="[962,1100,618,644]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Evoplosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962E8AC4E7FFB88FD58" box="[962,1100,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Evoplosoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD834089232E962EBA94E9BFC64FD75" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,717]" box="[199,928,654,681]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962EBA94E9BFDEAFD74" authority="(Mah 2006)" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Mah" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[199,558,654,680]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Atheraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="arandae">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962EBA94E9BFE65FD74" box="[199,417,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Atheraster arandae</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF649F99232E962EADE4E9BFDE2FD74" author="Mah, C. L." box="[432,550,654,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="917 - 954" refId="ref47477" refString="Mah, C. L. (2006) Phylogeny and biogeography of the deep-sea goniasterid, Circeaster (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) including descriptions of six new species. Zoosystema, 28 (4), 917 - 954." type="journal article" year="2006">Mah 2006</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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is the
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<typeStatus id="54DC8AAA9232E962E9164E9AFD6CFD75" box="[632,680,655,681]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
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species for the genus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD834089232E962EBA94EA7FB9CFD10" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,717]" box="[199,1112,690,717]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962EBA94EA7FE57FD11" bold="true" box="[199,403,690,717]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Included species:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962EAF54EA7FCC0FD10" authority="(Mah 2006)" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Mah" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[411,772,690,716]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Atheraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="arandae">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962EAF54EA7FDB1FD10" box="[411,629,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Atheraster arandae</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF649F99232E962E9EA4EA7FD38FD10" author="Mah, C. L." box="[644,764,690,716]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="917 - 954" refId="ref47477" refString="Mah, C. L. (2006) Phylogeny and biogeography of the deep-sea goniasterid, Circeaster (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) including descriptions of six new species. Zoosystema, 28 (4), 917 - 954." type="journal article" year="2006">Mah 2006</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9232E962E8614EA7FBD6FD10" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[783,1042,690,716]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Atheraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="symphoniae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962E8614EA7FBD6FD10" box="[783,1042,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Atheraster symphoniae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9232E962EF774EA7FB9CFD10" bold="true" box="[1049,1112,690,716]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22055619232E962EF774EA7FB9CFD10" box="[1049,1112,690,716]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |