322 lines
45 KiB
XML
322 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="F01C5A2F28099DAE94A4C2EC7C2804BC" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5164.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6821026" ID-ZooBank="3BECB9C7-F4B5-4FA4-934B-1822BF3D1077" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657611643055" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2022" docId="03CE851E9214E93BEBF94FD6FCE9F891" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5164.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5164 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5164.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Solaster namakae Mah 2022, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="FFF7FD66922BE97BEB6E4C15FFC4FFDC" masterDocTitle="New Genera, Species and Occurrences of Deep-Sea Asteroidea (Valvatacea, Forcipulatacea, Echinodermata) collected from the North Pacific Ocean by the CAPSTONE Expedition" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1699345508031" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="571356DA4B6ED4FE01A0E3AFD93B11B7">New Genera, Species and Occurrences of Deep-Sea Asteroidea (Valvatacea, Forcipulatacea, Echinodermata) collected from the North Pacific Ocean by the CAPSTONE Expedition</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="9E43C86C98AF9FCF8328D0FD973C218A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DA8855912E7901398099C10B64ECD542">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CB8EFD2A107D85D485D62E16A454901D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BC8D3050688B32B97DE1E4BA9C2A199F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1F991DEC3BE1F661B8A40722420E764B">
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<mods:date id="7F8336437DF1A28C38EB447BB3029A66">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="158A41E26CBE7F964A3BAC03F662652B">2022-07-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="54EFDB80F134DF0E71C53E21BE86B665">5164</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="D7ED4E72A06222A638E898119BBFD1CE">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5164.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="5B151A0781C5587EB52A8C134692CDD5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9850879A080692FD543DA6452D169CC2" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5164.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0AA3EC79D3A61DE90DEAEE4FAF2A47E3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F960109644C8E3001BB9D9F18ADE2BD3" type="Zenodo-Dep">6821026</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2D879AF20207D50926FEBCE651495A5B" type="ZooBank">3BECB9C7-F4B5-4FA4-934B-1822BF3D1077</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CE851E9214E93BEBF94FD6FCE9F891" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE851E9214E93BEBF94FD6FCE9F891" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CE851E9214E93BEBF94FD6FCE9F891" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839214E944EBF94FD6FE7DFC01" box="[151,441,963,990]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089214E944EBF94FD6FE7DFC01" blockId="63.[151,441,963,1025]" box="[151,441,963,990]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<heading id="D09083649214E944EBF94FD6FE7DFC01" bold="true" box="[151,441,963,990]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EBF94FD6FE7DFC01" bold="true" box="[151,441,963,990]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EBF94FD6FEABFC02" ID-CoL="9FYB6" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,367,963,990]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="namakae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EBF94FD6FEABFC02" bold="true" box="[151,367,963,990]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster namakae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22055619214E944EA184FD6FE7DFC01" box="[374,441,963,989]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839214E944EBF94FF2FE92FBDD" box="[151,342,999,1025]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089214E944EBF94FF2FE92FBDD" blockId="63.[151,441,963,1025]" box="[151,342,999,1025]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<figureCitation id="135C288D9214E944EBF94FF2FE92FBDD" box="[151,342,999,1025]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="65.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,182,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[166,1421,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 22. Solaster namakae n. sp. Holotype MCZ 151075. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. B. Abactinal paxillae close up. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Marginal paxillar plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. D. Close-up of actinal plates and inferomarginal paxillae. Scale bar=1.0 mm. E. Actinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. Inset shows parasitic infection from one arm. F. In situ image of holotype from Hawaiian Islands. Green lasers in upper right hand corner are 10 cm apart." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821096/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 22 A–F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839214E944EBF9483AFAF6FB95" box="[151,1330,1071,1098]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089214E944EBF9483AFAF6FB95" blockId="63.[151,1437,1071,2034]" box="[151,1330,1071,1098]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EBF9483AFEDAFB95" bold="true" box="[151,286,1071,1097]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Etymology.</emphasis>
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This species is named for the Hawaiian Goddess of the Ocean,
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944E886483AFB81FB95" box="[1000,1093,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Namaka</emphasis>
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. Gender is feminine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839214E944EBA94846FCF6FAB6" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089214E944EBA94846FC6BFA99" blockId="63.[151,1437,1071,2034]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EBA94846FE86FBB1" bold="true" box="[199,322,1107,1133]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Arms eight. Body stellate with R/r=3.78. A species distinguished by a thick dermis covering the body surface, including a fleshy web between furrow and subambulacral spines on the adambulacral plates. Paxillae with four to eighteen, mostly five to fifteen spinelets each with glassine tips. Superomarginals are small relative to the inferomarginals, and are comparable in size to other abactinal paxillae. Inferomarginals, comb shaped and approximately 5X the size of the superomarginals forming a distinct actinal/actinolateral border between the abactinal and actinal surface. Subambulacral spine series, four to six in a transverse straight to palmate series, perpendicular to a small fan of furrow spines, three to six in a straight fan-like series.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD834089214E944EBA9495AFCF6FAB6" blockId="63.[151,1437,1071,2034]" box="[199,818,1359,1386]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EBA9495AFE98FAB5" bold="true" box="[199,348,1359,1385]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Occurrence:</emphasis>
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Bank 9, Hawaiian Islands,
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<quantity id="4C9F99ED9214E944E9FF495AFCEAFAB6" box="[657,814,1359,1386]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.574" metricValueMax="1.9789999999999999" metricValueMin="1.169" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1574.0" valueMax="1979.0" valueMin="1169.0">1169–1979 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839214E93BEBA94966FED2FF25" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089214E944EBA94966FD18FA26" blockId="63.[151,1437,1071,2034]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EBA94966FE8BFA51" bold="true" box="[199,335,1395,1421]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Comments.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EA384966FDDBFA51" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[342,543,1395,1421]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="namakae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EA384966FDDBFA51" box="[342,543,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster namakae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944E9484966FDA1FA51" bold="true" box="[550,613,1395,1421]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22055619214E944E9484966FDA1FA51" box="[550,613,1395,1421]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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was first observed on video by
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944E8A24966FB53FA51" authority="Explorer" authorityName="Explorer" box="[972,1175,1395,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Okeanos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944E8A24966FB53FA51" box="[972,1175,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Okeanos Explorer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in 2015 (
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<figureCitation id="135C288D9214E944EE6D4966FAA0FA51" box="[1283,1380,1395,1421]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="65.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,182,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[166,1421,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 22. Solaster namakae n. sp. Holotype MCZ 151075. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. B. Abactinal paxillae close up. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Marginal paxillar plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. D. Close-up of actinal plates and inferomarginal paxillae. Scale bar=1.0 mm. E. Actinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. Inset shows parasitic infection from one arm. F. In situ image of holotype from Hawaiian Islands. Green lasers in upper right hand corner are 10 cm apart." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821096/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 22F</figureCitation>
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) and only later supported with a specimen collected by R/V
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944E8764982FCB3FA6D" box="[792,887,1431,1457]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Nautilidae" genus="Nautilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nautilida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944E8764982FCB3FA6D" box="[792,887,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Nautilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in 2018. This is the first
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EFCC4982FA9DFA6D" box="[1186,1369,1431,1457]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EFCC4982FB3AFA6D" box="[1186,1278,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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to be described from the Hawaiian Islands and adjacent region. The species identified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EF2C49AEFB5AFA09" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1839" box="[1090,1182,1467,1493]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EF2C49AEFB5AFA09" box="[1090,1182,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF649F99214E944EFA649AEFF26FA25" author="Chave, E. H. & Malahoff, A." pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref45796" refString="Chave, E. H. & Malahoff, A. (1998) In Deeper Waters: photographic studies of Hawaiian deep-sea habitats and life forms. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 127 pp." type="book" year="1998">Chave & Malahoff (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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was a misidentified myxasterid,
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944E93A49CAFD11FA25" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1906" box="[596,725,1503,1529]" class="Asteroidea" family="Myxasteridae" genus="Asthenactis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944E93A49CAFD11FA25" box="[596,725,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Asthenactis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD834089214E944EBA94A16FD61F956" blockId="63.[151,1437,1071,2034]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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This species displays a relatively small actinal intermediate region and bearing a paxilliform tuft, identifying it as a member of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EAB64A32FDF0F99D" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1839" box="[472,564,1575,1601]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EAB64A32FDF0F99D" box="[472,564,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, distinguishing it from
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944E8514A32FC06F99D" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[831,962,1575,1601]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Rhipidaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944E8514A32FC06F99D" box="[831,962,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rhipidaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which also occurs in the tropical Pacific, albeit at much shallower depth (Fisher 1911). The superomarginal and inferomarginal plate series further distinguish it from the East Pacific deep-sea
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944E9674A65FD59F955" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1910" box="[521,669,1648,1673]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Heterozonias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944E9674A65FD59F955" box="[521,669,1648,1673]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Heterozonias</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD834089214E944EBA94A86FC79F875" blockId="63.[151,1437,1071,2034]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EBA94A86FE4BF971" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,399,1683,1709]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="namakae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EBA94A86FE4BF971" box="[199,399,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster namakae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EAF84A86FE10F971" bold="true" box="[406,468,1683,1709]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22055619214E944EAF84A86FE10F971" box="[406,468,1683,1709]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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possesses the combination of relatively small superomarginal and enlarged inferomarginal plates which are shared with several other species, including the North Pacific
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EF524AA2FA58F90D" authority="Sladen 1889" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[1084,1436,1719,1745]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="paxillatus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EF524AA2FAC8F90D" box="[1084,1292,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster paxillatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF649F99214E944EE7C4AA2FA58F90D" author="Sladen, W. P." box="[1298,1436,1719,1745]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref48939" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Asteroidea. Report of the Scientific Results of H. M. S. Challenger, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EBA64ACEFDE3F929" authority="Hayashi 1939" authorityName="Hayashi" authorityYear="1939" box="[200,551,1755,1781]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="uchidai">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EBA64ACEFE44F929" box="[200,384,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster uchidai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF649F99214E944EAE64ACEFDE3F929" author="Hayashi, R." box="[392,551,1755,1781]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="297 - 311" refId="ref46598" refString="Hayashi, R. (1939) Solasterids in Japanese waters. Journal of the Faculty of Science of Hokkaido University, 6 (3), 297 - 311." type="journal article" year="1939">Hayashi 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the Atlantic/subAntarctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944E8384ACEFB82F929" authorityName="Downey" authorityYear="1971" box="[854,1094,1755,1781]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="notophrynus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944E8384ACEFB82F929" box="[854,1094,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster notophrynus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EF114ACEFF16F8C5" authority="Sladen 1889" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="torulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EF114ACEFA8CF929" box="[1151,1352,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster torulatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF649F99214E944EE3E4ACEFF16F8C5" author="Sladen, W. P." pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref48939" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Asteroidea. Report of the Scientific Results of H. M. S. Challenger, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This new species shows closest affinity with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944E98F4AEAFCA0F8C5" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[737,868,1791,1817]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="torulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944E98F4AEAFCA0F8C5" box="[737,868,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">S. torulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which also apparently displays paxillae sheathed in “thin skin” but differs in having a greater number of abactinal spinelets (5 to 18 versus
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F99ED9214E944EFE34B36FB2FF8E1" box="[1165,1259,1827,1854]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="0.508" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="in" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2 to 6 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EF9C4B36FAB0F8E1" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[1266,1396,1827,1853]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="torulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EF9C4B36FAB0F8E1" box="[1266,1396,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">S. torulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) as well as more subambulacral and furrow spines, greater numbers of papulae and is more stellate in shape.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EE2E4B52FF38F859" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="torulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EE2E4B52FF38F859" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster torulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has a larger actinal intermediate area. Although both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944E8E54B7EFBC8F859" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[907,1036,1899,1925]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="torulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944E8E54B7EFBC8F859" box="[907,1036,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">S. torulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EF2D4B7EFB00F859" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[1091,1220,1899,1925]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="namakae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EF2D4B7EFB00F859" box="[1091,1220,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">S. namakae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EFA24B7EFACFF859" bold="true" box="[1228,1291,1899,1925]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22055619214E944EFA24B7EFACFF859" box="[1228,1291,1899,1925]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
both display eight arms it is unclear how variable arm number is in the latter species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD834089214E93BEBA94BA6FED2FF25" blockId="63.[151,1437,1071,2034]" lastBlockId="64.[151,1437,151,1689]" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944EBA94BA6FE4BF811" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,399,1971,1997]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="namakae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EBA94BA6FE4BF811" box="[199,399,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster namakae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944EAFB4BA6FE10F811" bold="true" box="[405,468,1971,1997]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22055619214E944EAFB4BA6FE10F811" box="[405,468,1971,1997]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9214E944E9094BA6FC74F811" authority="Fisher 1913" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[615,944,1971,1997]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A9214E944E9094BA6FCE1F811" box="[615,805,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solaster tropicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF649F99214E944E8454BA6FC74F811" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[811,944,1971,1997]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="201 - 224" refId="ref46283" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) New starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the Untied States National Museum, 46, 201 - 224." type="journal article" year="1913">
|
||
Fisher
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F99ED9214E944E8164BA6FC74F811" box="[888,944,1971,1997]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85902" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="in" value="1913.0">1913</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the possession of a thick dermis, paxillae bearing 4 to 18 spinelets, a much smaller actinal intermediate area (only 2 or 3 chevrons at most, body is strongly stellate (R/r=3.78) and 7 or 8 arms versus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B926BE93BE9EE4C82FD3DFF6C" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[640,761,151,177]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A926BE93BE9EE4C82FD3DFF6C" box="[640,761,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">S. tropicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which lacks a thick dermis, has 9 or 10 arms, has paxillae bearing 4 to 6 spinelets, a much larger actinal intermediate area (6 chevrons), body is stellate (R/r=2.7) and has 9 or 10 arms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D6783926BE93BEBA94D17FDEBF98D" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408926BE93BEBA94D17FE14FE9D" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A926BE93BEBA94D17FE9DFEC0" bold="true" box="[199,345,258,284]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body, thick strongly stellate (R/r=3.78). Arms seven or eight, tapering, triangular, elongate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D926BE93BEE014D16FF08FE9D" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="65.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,182,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[166,1421,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 22. Solaster namakae n. sp. Holotype MCZ 151075. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. B. Abactinal paxillae close up. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Marginal paxillar plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. D. Close-up of actinal plates and inferomarginal paxillae. Scale bar=1.0 mm. E. Actinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. Inset shows parasitic infection from one arm. F. In situ image of holotype from Hawaiian Islands. Green lasers in upper right hand corner are 10 cm apart." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821096/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 22A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Disk relatively small.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408926BE93BEBA94D5EFBB3FDE1" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Abactinal skeleton reticulate, irregular on disk but forming ordered transverse series along arms. Thickened dermis present covering body surface. Skeleton thickened interradially around oral region. Paxillae widely spaced, approximately 10 plates along a 1.0 cm line (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D926BE93BE9F94D86FD3BFE71" box="[663,767,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="65.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,182,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[166,1421,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 22. Solaster namakae n. sp. Holotype MCZ 151075. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. B. Abactinal paxillae close up. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Marginal paxillar plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. D. Close-up of actinal plates and inferomarginal paxillae. Scale bar=1.0 mm. E. Actinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. Inset shows parasitic infection from one arm. F. In situ image of holotype from Hawaiian Islands. Green lasers in upper right hand corner are 10 cm apart." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821096/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 22B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each paxillae with four to eighteen, mostly five to fifteen spinelets, each spinelet with two to four short, hyaline tips. Papular pores one to three, most abundant on disk but disappearing along arm at approximately halfway long the distance and along well-developed interradial skeletal regions on disk. Madreporite with shallow sulci, dark in color relative to surrounding color, flanked by seven closely arranged paxillae. Anus located centrally on small, raised area covered by eight paxillae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408926BE93BEBA94E52FEE5FC15" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Superomarginals very small relative to inferomarginals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D926BE93BE82D4E52FC6DFDBD" box="[835,937,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="65.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,182,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[166,1421,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 22. Solaster namakae n. sp. Holotype MCZ 151075. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. B. Abactinal paxillae close up. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Marginal paxillar plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. D. Close-up of actinal plates and inferomarginal paxillae. Scale bar=1.0 mm. E. Actinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. Inset shows parasitic infection from one arm. F. In situ image of holotype from Hawaiian Islands. Green lasers in upper right hand corner are 10 cm apart." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821096/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 22C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and although comparable in size and shape to adjacent abactinal paxillae, superomarginals are slightly larger. Approximately 90 superomarginals and inferomarginals present interradially (counted armtip to armtip or 45–46 per arm with variable superomarginals since they are sometimes mismatched). Superomarginals round bearing 8 to 12 (mostly 9 or 10) fine, hyaline spinelets placed directly adjacent to inferomarginals. Inferomarginal plates, elongate and comb-shaped, larger than superomarginals, 5x the length of the superomarginal plate. Although superomarginals appear to sit on a plate corresponding to a matching inferomarginal, some superomarginals, apparently sit on jointed plates, and can appear slightly offset, presenting the appearance of alternating with the inferomarginal plates. Inferomarginals covered by 10–40 spinelets in two rows along each plate surface. Inferomarginals form prominent contact between actinal surface and abactinal region, including the superomarginal plates. Inferomarginal plates forming prominent border along actinal/actinolateral edge.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408926BE93BEBA94FC6FF22FBA1" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Actinal region small, with limited single series extending along arm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D926BE93BE8B84FC6FB9AFC31" box="[982,1118,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="65.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,182,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[166,1421,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 22. Solaster namakae n. sp. Holotype MCZ 151075. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. B. Abactinal paxillae close up. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Marginal paxillar plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. D. Close-up of actinal plates and inferomarginal paxillae. Scale bar=1.0 mm. E. Actinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. Inset shows parasitic infection from one arm. F. In situ image of holotype from Hawaiian Islands. Green lasers in upper right hand corner are 10 cm apart." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821096/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 22D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
), “pinching out” at approximately five or six subambulacral spine rows along each arm. Thickened dermis forming linear fascicles which correspond to inferomarginal plates. Each fasciolar segment with one to six paxillar plates, widely spaced from one another in chevron formation, each with three to five tissue covered spinelets, a total of 20–30 per actinal interradial region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408926BE93BEBA94892FD76FAD1" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Each adambulacral with dermis covered transverse subambulacral spine series, four to six in a straight to palmate series with concavity facing distally on most adambulacrals becoming straight more distally along arm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D926BE93BEE0148BEFF08FB35" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="65.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,182,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[166,1421,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 22. Solaster namakae n. sp. Holotype MCZ 151075. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. B. Abactinal paxillae close up. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Marginal paxillar plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. D. Close-up of actinal plates and inferomarginal paxillae. Scale bar=1.0 mm. E. Actinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. Inset shows parasitic infection from one arm. F. In situ image of holotype from Hawaiian Islands. Green lasers in upper right hand corner are 10 cm apart." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821096/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 22D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Furrow spines, three to six, mostly five, in straight to weakly curved fan, each covered by dermis, sit aligned perpendicular to the subambulacral spine series.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408926BE93BEBA94902FBE5FA41" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Oral plates large, extending from mouth to apex of each actinal interradius. Tissue covered spines, 10–12, present on the edge of each oral plate but central surface of oral plate is covered by dermis but otherwise smooth and bare. Oral furrow spines 12 on each side, with one prominent spine projecting into the mouth from each half of the plate, totaling two per interradius. Dermal tissue forms fan between these spines.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408926BE93BEBA949B2FCF4F9D5" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Overall body color was white to dark orange (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D926BE93BE9AE49B2FCDBFA1D" box="[704,799,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="65.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,182,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[166,1421,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 22. Solaster namakae n. sp. Holotype MCZ 151075. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. B. Abactinal paxillae close up. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Marginal paxillar plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. D. Close-up of actinal plates and inferomarginal paxillae. Scale bar=1.0 mm. E. Actinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. Inset shows parasitic infection from one arm. F. In situ image of holotype from Hawaiian Islands. Green lasers in upper right hand corner are 10 cm apart." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821096/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 22F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D926BE93BE84749B2FC9AFA1D" box="[809,862,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="67.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,182,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[151,1436,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 23. Solaster spp. A. Solaster namake n. sp. orange form, in situ. Hawaiian Islands. B. Solaster sp. 1, Whole body in situ image. C. Close-up showing paxillae and other details. D Solaster sp. 2, Marianas Island region, 447 m. Urspine= pedinid urchin spines. Oph= ophiuroid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821098/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">23A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8AAA926BE93BE8CE49B2FBC6FA1D" box="[928,1026,1447,1473]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
had two arms each with an abnormal swelling (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D926BE93BEA6949DEFEAEFA39" box="[263,362,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="65.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,182,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[166,1421,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 22. Solaster namakae n. sp. Holotype MCZ 151075. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. B. Abactinal paxillae close up. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Marginal paxillar plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. D. Close-up of actinal plates and inferomarginal paxillae. Scale bar=1.0 mm. E. Actinal view. Scale bar=10.0 mm. Inset shows parasitic infection from one arm. F. In situ image of holotype from Hawaiian Islands. Green lasers in upper right hand corner are 10 cm apart." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821096/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 22E</figureCitation>
|
||
inset) with unusually distorted tube feet, which is likely caused by the presence of an internal parasite, such as a eulimid or an ascothoracican crustacean.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408926BE93BEBA94A06FDEBF98D" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Observed on basalt substrate, cobbles and flows cemented by Mn crust. Bottom with sediment/white flocculence irregularly littered throughout.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D6783926BE93BEBA94A4FFCE9F891" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408926BE93BEBA94A4FFABCF945" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A926BE93BEBA94A4FFE7FF9A8" bold="true" box="[199,443,1626,1652]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Material Examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0F3E55926BE93BEAA84A4EFABCF945" collectingDate="2018-09-23" collectionCode="V, R" county="Argus" elevation="1979" latitude="27.030258" location="Hawaiian Islands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-168.49559" municipality="Hercules" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" specimenCode="MCZ 151075" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A926BE93BEAA84A4EFDFEF9A9" bold="true" box="[454,570,1627,1653]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8AAA926BE93BEAA84A4EFDF1F9A9" box="[454,565,1627,1653]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73926BE93BE92B4A4EFD25F9A9" box="[581,737,1626,1653]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="Museum">MCZ 151075</specimenCode>
|
||
<location id="8EB862D3926BE93BE9824A4EFC70F9A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE851E9214E93BEBF94FD6FCE9F891:8EB862D3926BE93BE9824A4EFC70F9A9" box="[748,948,1627,1653]" county="Argus" latitude="27.030258" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-168.49559" municipality="Hercules" name="Hawaiian Islands" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Hawaiian Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB862D3926BE93BE8AA4A4EFBA1F9A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE851E9214E93BEBF94FD6FCE9F891:8EB862D3926BE93BE8AA4A4EFBA1F9A9" box="[964,1125,1627,1653]" county="Argus" latitude="27.030258" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-168.49559" municipality="Hercules" name="North Pacific." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">North Pacific.</location>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5352CF926BE93BEF1E4A4FFB3CF9A9" box="[1136,1272,1626,1653]" degrees="27.0302585" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" precision="1" value="27.030258">27.0302585</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5352CF926BE93BEE694A4FFA5CF9A9" box="[1287,1432,1626,1653]" degrees="168.495593" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" precision="1" value="-168.49559">-168.495593</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F99ED926BE93BEBF94A6AFF2BF945" box="[151,239,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9789999999999999" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="1979.0">
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<elevation id="004AD33B926BE93BEBF94A6AFF2BF945" box="[151,239,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9789999999999999" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="1979.0">1979 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. ROV grab,
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A926BE93BEAD44A6AFDA3F945" box="[442,615,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBCAE72926BE93BEAD44A6AFDDEF945" box="[442,538,1663,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Hercules</collectingMunicipality>
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||
/
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62B94C84926BE93BE9484A6AFDA3F945" box="[550,615,1663,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Argus</collectingCounty>
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
aboard E/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD926BE93BE9B54A6AFD2AF945" box="[731,750,1663,1689]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B926BE93BE99B4A6AFC90F945" box="[757,852,1663,1689]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Nautilidae" genus="Nautilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nautilida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A926BE93BE99B4A6AFC90F945" box="[757,852,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nautilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD912C8926BE93BE80C4A6AFBC5F945" box="[866,1025,1663,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2018-09-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9DEB20926BE93BE80C4A6AFBC5F945" box="[866,1025,1663,1689]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2018-09-23">23 Sept. 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
. 1 wet spec. 8 arms.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD926BE93BEF864A6AFB3FF945" box="[1256,1275,1663,1689]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">R</collectionCode>
|
||
=8.7 r=2.3.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD83408926BE93BEBF94AD2FEA9F93C" blockId="64.[151,940,1734,1869]" box="[151,365,1734,1761]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A926BE93BEBF94AD2FEA9F93C" bold="true" box="[151,365,1734,1761]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Images Examined</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408926BE93BEBF94AFEFCE9F891" blockId="64.[151,940,1734,1869]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
“
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0F3E55926BE93BEBCF4AFEFCE9F891" collectionCode="ROVHD, ASR" elevation="1169" latitude="26.828745" location="Hawaiian Islands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-175.60747" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" specimenCode="EX1504, T013622, T013710" specimenCount="1">
|
||
Bank 9 south”
|
||
<location id="8EB862D3926BE93BEA254AFEFDCBF8D9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE851E9214E93BEBF94FD6FCE9F891:8EB862D3926BE93BEA254AFEFDCBF8D9" box="[331,527,1771,1797]" latitude="26.828745" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-175.60747" name="Hawaiian Islands" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Hawaiian Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5352CF926BE93BE9744AFFFD74F8D9" box="[538,688,1770,1797]" degrees="26.82874453" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" precision="1" value="26.828745">26.82874453</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5352CF926BE93BE9D54AFFFC89F8D9" box="[699,845,1770,1797]" degrees="175.607465" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" precision="1" value="-175.60747">-175.607465</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F99ED926BE93BE8364AFEFC68F8D9" box="[856,940,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.169" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="1169.0">
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<elevation id="004AD33B926BE93BE8364AFEFC68F8D9" box="[856,940,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.169" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="1169.0">1169 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73926BE93BEBF94B1BFF37F8F5" box="[151,243,1806,1833]" collectionCode="EX" country="Slovenia" name="The Culture Collection of Extremophilic Fungi" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">EX1504</specimenCode>
|
||
L2_IMG_20150810
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73926BE93BEAB84B1BFDFFF8F5" box="[470,571,1806,1833]" collectionCode="T" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">T013622</specimenCode>
|
||
Z_
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD926BE93BE9354B1BFD7BF8F5" box="[603,703,1806,1833]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ROVHD</collectionCode>
|
||
_
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD926BE93BE9A04B1BFCC1F8F5" box="[718,773,1806,1833]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ASR</collectionCode>
|
||
.jpg
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73926BE93BEBF94B27FF37F891" box="[151,243,1842,1869]" collectionCode="EX" country="Slovenia" name="The Culture Collection of Extremophilic Fungi" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">EX1504</specimenCode>
|
||
L2_IMG_20150810
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73926BE93BEAB84B27FDFFF891" box="[470,571,1842,1869]" collectionCode="T" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">T013710</specimenCode>
|
||
Z_
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD926BE93BE9354B27FD7BF891" box="[603,703,1842,1869]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ROVHD</collectionCode>
|
||
_
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD926BE93BE9A04B27FCC1F891" box="[718,773,1842,1869]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ASR</collectionCode>
|
||
.jpg
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |