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<mods:title id="D9A3F1469A4D0723E8A401D99E3E1549">Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C587BDFFBA6159B89AFA45FC31FAF0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6132186" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119587701" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6132186" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C587BDFFBA6159B89AFA45FC31FAF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587BDFFBA6159B89AFA45FC31FAF0" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="340" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">
<subSubSection id="C3766520FFBA6158B89AFA45FD0DFA12" box="[151,683,1436,1462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD336ABFFBA6158B89AFA45FD0DFA12" blockId="6.[151,683,1436,1462]" box="[151,683,1436,1462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">
<heading id="D09B81C7FFBA6158B89AFA45FD0DFA12" bold="true" box="[151,683,1436,1462]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158B89AFA45FD0DFA12" authority="Marseul, 1875" authorityName="Marseul" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,683,1436,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158B89AFA45FD0DFA12" bold="true" box="[151,683,1436,1462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158B89AFA45FE55FA12" bold="true" box="[151,499,1436,1462]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">Cryptocephalus zambanellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBA6158B9F7FA45FD0DFA12" author="Marseul" box="[506,683,1436,1462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" refString="Marseul, S. A. de, (1875) Monographie des cryptocephales du nord de l'ancien monde. L'Abeille, Journal d'Entomologie, 13 [1873 - 1875], 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1875">Marseul, 1875</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD336ABFFBA6158B89AFA3BFB6EFA5C" blockId="6.[151,1224,1506,1528]" box="[151,1224,1506,1528]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C1185FFBA6158B89AFA3BFB6EFA5C" box="[151,1224,1506,1528]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158B89AFA3BFD2DFA5C" authority="Marseul, 1875: 130" authorityName="Marseul" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,651,1506,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158B89AFA3BFE1AFA5C" box="[151,444,1506,1528]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">Cryptocephalus zambanellus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10BAFFBA6158B9CFFA3BFD2DFA5C" author="Marseul" box="[450,651,1506,1528]" page="130" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" year="1875">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBA6158B9CFFA3BFDFEFA5C" author="Marseul" box="[450,600,1506,1528]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" refString="Marseul, S. A. de, (1875) Monographie des cryptocephales du nord de l'ancien monde. L'Abeille, Journal d'Entomologie, 13 [1873 - 1875], 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1875">Marseul, 1875</bibRefCitation>
: 130
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54D78809FFBA6158BA99FA3AFD60FA5C" box="[660,710,1507,1528]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Monzambano,
<collectingCountry id="F37B763BFFBA6158BBB3FA3BFC48FA5C" box="[958,1006,1506,1528]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
<typeStatus id="54D78809FFBA6158BBF5FA3AFB88FA5C" box="[1016,1070,1507,1528]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">Type</typeStatus>
: not examined.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336ABFFBA6159B89AF9FCFD3AFEB9" blockId="6.[151,1437,1573,2030]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,1221]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="340" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">
The taxonomy of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158B964F9FCFD27F999" box="[361,641,1573,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158B964F9FCFD27F999" box="[361,641,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">Cryptocephalus sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems rather confusing in determining the status of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158BCE6F9FCFE76F9C6" authority="Marseul. This" authorityName="Marseul. This" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158BCE6F9FCFE85F9C5" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">Cryptocephalus zambanellus</emphasis>
Marseul. This
</taxonomicName>
latter taxon has been considered by some authors as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158BD17F993FA3AF9C5" box="[1306,1436,1610,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158BD17F993FA3AF9C5" box="[1306,1436,1610,1633]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBA6158B893F9B4FE2FF922" author="Warchalowski" box="[158,393,1645,1670]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" refString="Warchalowski, A. (2003) Chrysomelidae. The Leaf-Beetles of Europe and the Mediterranean Area. Natura Optima Dux Foundation, Warszawa, 600 pp." type="book" year="2003">Warchalowski, 2003</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBA6158B99BF9B4FD1BF922" author="Gomez-Zurita" box="[406,701,1645,1670]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" refString="Gomez-Zurita J., Sassi, D., Cardoso, A. &amp; Balke, M. (2011) Evolution of Cryptocephalus leaf beetles related to C. sericeus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and the role of hybridization in generating species mtDNA paraphyly. Zoologica Scripta, 41, 47 - 67. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2011.00500. x" type="journal article" year="2011">
Gómez-Zurita
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158BA31F9B7FDD3F921" box="[572,629,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">et al.</emphasis>
, 2011
</bibRefCitation>
) and by others it was treated as a distinct species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBA6158BCF6F9B4FF75F90E" author="Lopatin" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" refString="Lopatin, I. K., Smetana, A. &amp; Scholler, M. (2010) Genus Cryptocephalus. In: Lobl, I. &amp; Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 6. Chrysomeloidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 580 - 606." type="book" year="2010">
Lopatin
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158BD51F9B7FA33F921" box="[1372,1429,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">et al.</emphasis>
, 2010
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBA6158B8D2F948FE07F90E" author="Petitpierre" box="[223,417,1681,1706]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" refString="Petitpierre, E. (2000) Coleoptera Chrysomelidae I. Fauna Iberica. Vol. 13. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, 521 pp." type="book" year="2000">Petitpierre, 2000</bibRefCitation>
). It should also be noted that Burlini, who for decades represented the most authoritative entomologist in the study of European
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158BA5CF96CFCA4F969" ID-CoL="3WHF" box="[593,770,1717,1741]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158BA5CF96CFCA4F969" box="[593,770,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">Cryptocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, had always considered
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158BC14F96FFB61F969" box="[1049,1223,1717,1741]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158BC14F96FFB61F969" box="[1049,1223,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">C. zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158BD8FF96FFE01F956" authority="Burlini, 1956" authorityName="Burlini" authorityYear="1956" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158BD8FF96FFF55F955" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">C. sericeus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBA6158B90FF900FE38F956" author="Burlini" box="[258,414,1753,1778]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" refString="Burlini, M. (1956) Revisione dei Cryptocephalus Italiani e della maggior parte delle specie di Europa (Col. Chrysomelidae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 34 (1955 - 1956), 5 - 287." type="journal article" year="1956">Burlini, 1956</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Because of these taxonomic uncertainties I re-examined this issue in detail. On the basis of specimens collected in
<collectingCountry id="F37B763BFFBA6158B9DCF924FDA3F8B2" box="[465,517,1789,1814]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">Italy</collectingCountry>
(Monzambano, near Mantua),
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158BB75F924FB64F8B1" box="[888,1218,1789,1813]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158BB75F924FB64F8B1" box="[888,1218,1789,1813]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">Cryptocephalus zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBA6158B89AF8F8FEE2F89E" author="Marseul" box="[151,324,1825,1850]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" refString="Marseul, S. A. de, (1875) Monographie des cryptocephales du nord de l'ancien monde. L'Abeille, Journal d'Entomologie, 13 [1873 - 1875], 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1875">Marseul (1875)</bibRefCitation>
as a species and not as a &quot;variety&quot;, as erroneously reported by de
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBA6158BC2AF8FBFB63F89E" author="Monte" box="[1063,1221,1826,1850]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" refString="De Monte, T. (1948) Caratteri specifici e razziali nel Cryptocephalus sericeus L. (Col. Chrysomelidae). Eos, 25, 459 - 474." type="journal article" year="1948">Monte (1948)</bibRefCitation>
. Marseul separated it from
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158B8FEF89FFED5F8F9" box="[243,371,1862,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158B8FEF89FFED5F8F9" box="[243,371,1862,1885]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of the absence of the bituberculate small ridge on the anterior margin of the anal depression that characterizes male specimens of this taxon (fig. 10). Since then,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBA6158BC18F8B0FB0FF826" author="Weise" box="[1045,1193,1897,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" refString="Weise, J. (1881) Chrysomelidae. In: Schaum, H., Kraatz, G., v. Kiesenwetter, H. &amp; Weise, J. (Eds), Naturgeschichte der Insecten Deutschlands, Erste Abtheilung Coleoptera. Sechster Band, Erste Lieferung, Bogen 1 bis 12 [1882]. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, R. Stricker, Berlin, pp. 1 - 192." type="journal article" year="1881">Weise (1881)</bibRefCitation>
described and named specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158B93FF857FE09F801" box="[306,431,1934,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158B93FF857FE09F801" box="[306,431,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected near Trieste, in
<collectingCountry id="F37B763BFFBA6158BADEF854FC83F802" box="[723,805,1933,1958]" name="Croatia" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">Croatia</collectingCountry>
and Dalmatia as
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158BBE4F857FBC0F801" box="[1001,1126,1934,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158BBE4F857FBC0F801" box="[1001,1126,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBA6158BC60F857FB5EF801" box="[1133,1272,1934,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="sericeus" variety="intrusus">
var.
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBA6158BC93F857FB5EF801" box="[1182,1272,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="339">intrusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, distinguished from the nominal form on the basis of the same morphological characters, i. e. the lack of the bituberculate ridge. At that time the author did not know the taxon described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBA6158BB3EF80CFC79F84A" author="Marseul" box="[819,991,2005,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="339" refString="Marseul, S. A. de, (1875) Monographie des cryptocephales du nord de l'ancien monde. L'Abeille, Journal d'Entomologie, 13 [1873 - 1875], 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1875">Marseul (1875)</bibRefCitation>
and later on he hastened to synonymize
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159B89AFF41FF54FF0B" box="[151,242,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intrusus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159B89AFF41FF54FF0B" box="[151,242,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">intrusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159B93EFF41FE47FF14" box="[307,481,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159B93EFF41FE47FF14" box="[307,481,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in &quot;additions and corrections&quot; in a footnote of his following work (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159BCEDFF4EFAD6FF14" author="Weise" box="[1248,1392,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Weise, J. (1893) Chrysomelidae. In: Schaum, H., Kraatz, G., v. Kiesenwetter, H., Weise, J. &amp; Reitter, E. (Eds.), Naturgeschichte der Insecten Deutschlands, Erste Abtheilung Coleoptera. Sechster Band, Erste Lieferung, Bogen 61 bis 73. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, R. Stricker, Berlin, pp. 961 - 1161." type="journal article" year="1893">Weise, 1893</bibRefCitation>
). In the following years
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159B978FF65FD87FF70" box="[373,545,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159B978FF65FD87FF70" box="[373,545,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was deemed alternately as a distinct species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159BC12FF65FB07FF70" author="Breit" box="[1055,1185,188,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Breit, J. (1918) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Arten des Genus Cryptocephalus Geoffr. Wiener Entomologischen Zeitung, 37, 35 - 52." type="journal article" year="1918">Breit, 1918</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159BCA1FF65FAE9FF70" author="Winkler" box="[1196,1359,188,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Winkler, A. (1930) Catalogus Coleopterorum regionis palaearcticae. A. Winkler, Wien, 1698 pp." type="book" year="1930">Winkler, 1930</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159BD57FF64FF75FF5C" author="Porta" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Porta, A. (1934) Fauna Coleopterorum Italica. IV. Heteromera - Phytophaga. Stabilimento Tipografico Piacentino, Piacenza, 415 pp." type="book" year="1934">Porta, 1934</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159B8D3FF06FE2DFF5C" author="Zangheri" box="[222,395,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Zangheri, P. (1969) Repertorio sistematico e topografico della flora e fauna vivente e fossile della Romagna. Tomo 4. Museo Civico di Storia naturale di Verona, Memorie fuori serie, 1, 1 - 1963." type="journal article" year="1969">Zangheri, 1969</bibRefCitation>
) or as a &quot;variety&quot; or subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BB1BFF39FC32FF53" box="[790,916,224,247]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BB1BFF39FC32FF53" box="[790,916,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159BBAEFF06FB94FF5C" author="Weise" box="[931,1074,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Weise, J. (1906) Catalogus Coleopterorum Europae, Caucasi et Armeniae Rossicae. Vol. 2. Friedlander &amp; Sohn, Edmund Reitter, Berlin, Paskau, Caen, 774 pp." type="book" year="1906">Weise, 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159BC33FF06FB5CFF5C" author="Clavareau" box="[1086,1274,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Clavareau, C. H. (1913) Pars 53: Chrysomelidae: Megascelinae, Megalopodinae, Clytrinae, Cryptocephalinae, Chlamydinae, Lamprosominae. In: Schenkling, S. (Ed.), Coleopterorum Catalogus. W. Junk, Berlin, pp. 1 - 278." type="book chapter" year="1913">Clavareau, 1913</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159BD0BFF06FA31FF5C" author="Ulrich" box="[1286,1431,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Ulrich, W. (1923) Ergebnisse einer von Fr. Schumacher und A. Spaney unternommenen zoologischen Reisen nach den nordwestlichen Balkangebieten. Coleoptera. I. Chrysomolidae [sic]. Entomologische Blatter, 19 (3), 101 - 113." type="journal article" year="1923">Ulrich, 1923</bibRefCitation>
; de
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159B8B5FEDCFEECFEB8" author="Monte" box="[184,330,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="De Monte, T. (1948) Caratteri specifici e razziali nel Cryptocephalus sericeus L. (Col. Chrysomelidae). Eos, 25, 459 - 474." type="journal article" year="1948">Monte, 1948</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159B95BFEDDFE4DFEB9" author="Muller" box="[342,491,260,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Muller, G. (1952) I coleotteri della Venezia Giulia. Catalogo ragionato con tabelle dicotomiche per la classificazione delle specie della regione adriatica orientale, del Veneto e della Pianura padana. Vol. II. Coleoptera Phytophaga (Cerambycidae, Chrysomelidae, Bruchidae). Centro sperimentale agrario e forestale, Trieste, [1949 - 1953], 685 pp." type="book chapter" year="1952">Müller, 1952</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159B9FBFEDDFD29FEB9" author="Burlini" box="[502,655,260,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Burlini, M. (1956) Revisione dei Cryptocephalus Italiani e della maggior parte delle specie di Europa (Col. Chrysomelidae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 34 (1955 - 1956), 5 - 287." type="journal article" year="1956">Burlini, 1956</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336ABFFBB6159B8CAFEFEFB9BFE50" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">
Besides, de
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159B940FEF1FE41FEE4" author="Monte" box="[333,487,296,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="De Monte, T. (1948) Caratteri specifici e razziali nel Cryptocephalus sericeus L. (Col. Chrysomelidae). Eos, 25, 459 - 474." type="journal article" year="1948">Monte (1948)</bibRefCitation>
resurrected the name
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BAD0FEF1FC9EFE9B" box="[733,824,296,319]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intrusus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BAD0FEF1FC9EFE9B" box="[733,824,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">intrusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from synonymy with subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BC71FEF1FAAEFEE4" box="[1148,1288,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BC71FEF1FAAEFEE4" box="[1148,1288,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, proposing it as a distinct subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159B9CFFE95FDE6FEC0" box="[450,576,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159B9CFFE95FDE6FEC0" box="[450,576,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for specimens collected from Venezia Giulia only, highlighting peculiarities in the structure of the first sclerite of endophallus and in the shape of the male anal pit. He acknowledged, however, that from some localities (Tolmin, Postojna) there were specimens with ambiguous features. Besides, de Monte reported a rather strong variability in specimens from the Dalmatian coast and from the Velebit. However, he still assigned these latter populations, with some doubt, to
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BAF8FE05FCD4FE50" box="[757,882,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BAF8FE05FCD4FE50" box="[757,882,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ssp.
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BBA6FE05FB91FE50" box="[939,1079,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BBA6FE05FB91FE50" box="[939,1079,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336ABFFBB6159B8CAFDD9FD7EFD98" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">
In more recent times
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159B9B3FDD9FD7BFDBC" author="Rozner" box="[446,733,512,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Rozner, I. &amp; Rozner, G. (2008) Data to the leaf-beetle fauna of Macedonia (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae). Natura Somogyensis, 12, 111 - 131." type="journal article" year="2008">Rozner &amp; Rozner (2008)</bibRefCitation>
awarded a specimen collected in the
<collectingCountry id="F37B763BFFBB6159BC9CFE26FA3BFDBC" box="[1169,1437,511,536]" name="Macedonia" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">Republic of Macedonia</collectingCountry>
(Kratovo, Zguri-pass,) to the taxon
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BA29FDFDFD77FD98" box="[548,721,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BA29FDFDFD77FD98" box="[548,721,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336ABFFBB6159B8CAFD9EFC6DFB61" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">
After the analysis of several tens of specimens from Venezia Giulia,
<collectingCountry id="F37B763BFFBB6159BBCEFD9EFB8EFDC4" box="[963,1064,583,608]" name="Slovenia" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">Slovenia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37B763BFFBB6159BC3FFD9EFB23FDC4" box="[1074,1157,583,608]" name="Croatia" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">Croatia</collectingCountry>
and Dalmatian Islands, I feel the situation can be evaluated as follows. I confirm the existence of intermediate specimens, i.e. “
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BD38FDB4FA29FD20" box="[1333,1423,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intrusus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BD38FDB4FA29FD20" box="[1333,1423,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">intrusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” sensu de
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159B8F0FD49FE3FFD0C" author="Monte" box="[253,409,656,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="De Monte, T. (1948) Caratteri specifici e razziali nel Cryptocephalus sericeus L. (Col. Chrysomelidae). Eos, 25, 459 - 474." type="journal article" year="1948">Monte (1948)</bibRefCitation>
, between
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BA05FD49FD12FD0C" box="[520,692,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BA05FD49FD12FD0C" box="[520,692,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BAE7FD49FCC0FD03" box="[746,870,656,679]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BAE7FD49FCC0FD03" box="[746,870,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in populations spread in Italian territories between the valley of Tagliamento river and the state border, on the whole Istrian peninsula up to Rijeka, and on Slovenian territories up to the vicinity of Postojna. It must therefore be noted that the area covered by these intermediate populations joins to the north and east with that of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BAE4FD25FCCEFCB0" box="[745,872,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BAE4FD25FCCEFCB0" box="[745,872,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and abruptly bisects to the west the range of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BD8FFD25FE85FC9C" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BD8FFD25FE85FC9C" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as the populations of the Dalmatian coast south of Istria should be attributed to the latter taxon (pers. obs., but see also de
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159B98AFC9CFDBDFCF8" author="Monte" box="[391,539,836,860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="De Monte, T. (1948) Caratteri specifici e razziali nel Cryptocephalus sericeus L. (Col. Chrysomelidae). Eos, 25, 459 - 474." type="journal article" year="1948">Monte, 1948</bibRefCitation>
; Müller, 1953). On the other hand it is remarkable that
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BC97FC9DFAEEFCF8" box="[1178,1352,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BC97FC9DFAEEFCF8" box="[1178,1352,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BD8FFC9DFA3AFCFF" box="[1410,1436,836,859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C.</emphasis>
s
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159B8AFFCB1FF55FCDB" box="[162,243,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">ericeus</emphasis>
never show transitional forms along the northern and western border area. In
<collectingCountry id="F37B763BFFBB6159BC6DFCBEFB32FC24" box="[1120,1172,871,896]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">Italy</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BCADFCB1FABBFCDB" box="[1184,1309,872,895]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BCADFCB1FABBFCDB" box="[1184,1309,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reported only from a single locality (Tarvisio) very close to the Austrian border (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159BBC8FC55FBC7FC01" author="Burlini" box="[965,1121,908,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Burlini, M. (1956) Revisione dei Cryptocephalus Italiani e della maggior parte delle specie di Europa (Col. Chrysomelidae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 34 (1955 - 1956), 5 - 287." type="journal article" year="1956">Burlini, 1956</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="F37B763BFFBB6159BC98FC54FB42FC00" box="[1173,1252,909,932]" name="France" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">France</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BCFDFC55FACBFC00" box="[1264,1389,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BCFDFC55FACBFC00" box="[1264,1389,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be found at a short distance from the Italian border, being present in the Queyras and Savoye (Lanslevillard) while maintaining the typical habitus. All the Italian specimens I examined, even if collected very close to the French border (i.e. Vinadio, Limonetta, Sampeyre) belong with no doubts to
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BBA5FC21FBF3FBB4" box="[936,1109,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BBA5FC21FBF3FBB4" box="[936,1109,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Conversely, transalpine and Central European specimens never reveal morphological characters that match the pattern of the latter form. Considering the broad extent of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BA0CFB99FDDBFBF3" box="[513,637,1088,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BA0CFB99FDDBFBF3" box="[513,637,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">C. sericeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
range, ambiguous morphological intermediates (“
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159BCB7FB99FAB2FBF3" box="[1210,1300,1088,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intrusus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BCB7FB99FAB2FBF3" box="[1210,1300,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">intrusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”) occurring in the northeastern part of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159B9ECFBBDFDCBFBD8" box="[481,621,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159B9ECFBBDFDCBFBD8" box="[481,621,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">zambanellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
' range may be explained with the existence of a moderate area of introgression between two otherwise distinct species that reveal a global well-established genetic isolation. For this reason, I reiterate the opportunity to compose this taxonomic framework:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336ABFFBB6159B89AFB2DFC88FAA9" blockId="7.[151,919,1268,1365]" box="[151,814,1268,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C1185FFBB6159B89AFB2DFC88FAA9" box="[151,814,1268,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159B89AFB2DFD1AFAA8" authority="Marseul, 1875: 130" authorityName="Marseul" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,700,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zambanellus" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159B89AFB2DFE7AFAA8" box="[151,476,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">Cryptocephalus zambanellus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10BAFFBB6159B9EFFB2DFD1AFAA8" author="Marseul" box="[482,700,1268,1293]" page="130" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" year="1875">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159B9EFFB2DFD2EFAA9" author="Marseul" box="[482,648,1268,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Marseul, S. A. de, (1875) Monographie des cryptocephales du nord de l'ancien monde. L'Abeille, Journal d'Entomologie, 13 [1873 - 1875], 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1875">Marseul, 1875</bibRefCitation>
: 130
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22B57C2FFBB6159BAC9FB2DFC88FAA9" box="[708,814,1268,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BAC9FB2DFC88FAA9" bold="true" box="[708,814,1268,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">stat. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336ABFFBB6159B8CAFAC1FD50FA94" blockId="7.[151,919,1268,1365]" box="[199,758,1303,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C1185FFBB6159B8CAFAC1FD50FA94" box="[199,758,1303,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159B8CAFAC1FD05FA94" authority="Weise, 1881: 183" authorityName="Weise" authorityPageNumber="183" authorityYear="1881" box="[199,675,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intrusus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159B8CAFAC1FE7FFA8B" box="[199,473,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">Cryptocephalus intrusus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10BAFFBB6159B9EDFACEFD05FA94" author="Weise" box="[480,675,1303,1328]" page="183" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159B9EDFACEFDC8FA94" author="Weise" box="[480,622,1303,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Weise, J. (1881) Chrysomelidae. In: Schaum, H., Kraatz, G., v. Kiesenwetter, H. &amp; Weise, J. (Eds), Naturgeschichte der Insecten Deutschlands, Erste Abtheilung Coleoptera. Sechster Band, Erste Lieferung, Bogen 1 bis 12 [1882]. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, R. Stricker, Berlin, pp. 1 - 192." type="journal article" year="1881">Weise, 1881</bibRefCitation>
:
<specimenCount id="9D6AFD22FFBB6159BA74FAC1FD05FA94" box="[633,675,1304,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" type="generic">183</specimenCount>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22B57C2FFBB6159BAA7FACEFD50FA94" box="[682,758,1303,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159BAA7FACEFD50FA94" bold="true" box="[682,758,1303,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">n. syn.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336ABFFBB6159B8CAFAE5FC31FAF0" blockId="7.[151,919,1268,1365]" box="[199,919,1340,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C1185FFBB6159B8CAFAE5FC31FAF0" box="[199,919,1340,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D28FFBB6159B8CAFAE5FC35FAF0" authority="Weise (De Monte, 1948: 471)" authorityName="Weise (De Monte" authorityPageNumber="471" authorityYear="1948" box="[199,915,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sericeus" subSpecies="intrusus">
<emphasis id="B918EAB9FFBB6159B8CAFAE5FD9AFAF0" box="[199,572,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="340">Cryptocephalus sericeus intrusus</emphasis>
Weise (
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10BAFFBB6159BA98FAE5FC2CFAF0" author="De" box="[661,906,1340,1364]" page="471" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" year="1948">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B5AFFBB6159BA98FAE5FCF4FAF0" author="De" box="[661,850,1340,1364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="De Monte, T. (1948) Caratteri specifici e razziali nel Cryptocephalus sericeus L. (Col. Chrysomelidae). Eos, 25, 459 - 474." type="journal article" year="1948">De Monte, 1948</bibRefCitation>
: 471
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)
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.
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