treatments-xml/data/03/C5/87/03C587A5FFE1F953FF3BF9B56570FD22.xml

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<mods:title id="EF91D7247888D58CE113FEEE27D10925">Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ABC61A45364C93E530C6FBD11A45ABD4">Negri, Mauro Pietro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DFBD910E1F7859A7E7DD7278AB1180B7">Corselli, Cesare</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03C587A5FFE1F953FF3BF9B56570FD22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6082195" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124624063" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6082195" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C587A5FFE1F953FF3BF9B56570FD22" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587A5FFE1F953FF3BF9B56570FD22" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<subSubSection id="C3766538FFE1F950FF3BF9B5677EF959" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE1F950FF3BF9B564F4F9A6" blockId="37.[151,641,1621,1680]" box="[151,641,1621,1647]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<heading id="D09B81DFFFE1F950FF3BF9B564F4F9A6" bold="true" box="[151,641,1621,1647]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D30FFE1F950FF3BF9B564F4F9A6" authority="Philippi, 1836" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,641,1621,1647]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Parvicardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minimum">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FF3BF9B564F4F9A6" bold="true" box="[151,641,1621,1647]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FF3BF9B567CFF9A6" bold="true" box="[151,442,1621,1647]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Parvicardium minimum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FE65F9B5640CF9A6" author="Philippi" box="[457,633,1621,1647]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1836) Enumeratio molluscorum Siciliae cum viventium tum in tellure tertiaria fossilium, quae in itinere suo observavit. Schropp, Berlin, XIV + 267 pp." type="book" year="1836">Philippi, 1836</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE1F950FF3BF997677EF959" blockId="37.[151,641,1621,1680]" box="[151,267,1655,1680]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<figureCitation id="13572A36FFE1F950FF3BF99766ADF959" box="[151,216,1655,1680]" captionStart="FIGURE 8. a – c" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1844,1866]" captionTargetBox="[239,1347,193,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[239,1347,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 8. a – c: Montacuta substriata (Montagu, 1808); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (a – b), 0.1 mm (c, prodissoconch); d – f: Tellimya tenella (Lovén, 1846); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (d – e), 0.1 mm (f, prodissoconch); g – i: Kurtiella cf. tumidula (Jeffreys, 1866); RV, sample BC 67, scale bars: 0.5 mm (g – h), 0.1 mm (i, prodissoconch); j – m: Parvicardium minimum (Philippi, 1836); RV (j, m) and LV (k), sample BC 71, scale bars: 1 mm (j – k), 0.1 mm (l, prodissoconch), 0.02 mm (m, P – 1 detail); n – p: Abra longicallus (Scacchi, 1835); LV, sample BC 70, scale bars: 5 mm (n – o), 0.1 mm (p, prodissoconch)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268065/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
j–m
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766538FFE1F950FF3BF92065ECF93D" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE1F950FF3BF920644EF91F" blockId="37.[151,1436,1728,2026]" box="[151,571,1728,1750]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D30FFE1F950FF3BF920679EF91F" authority="Philippi, 1836" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,491,1728,1750]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Cardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minimum">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FF3BF9206721F91F" box="[151,340,1728,1750]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Cardium minimum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FEF7F920679EF91F" author="Philippi" box="[347,491,1728,1750]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1836) Enumeratio molluscorum Siciliae cum viventium tum in tellure tertiaria fossilium, quae in itinere suo observavit. Schropp, Berlin, XIV + 267 pp." type="book" year="1836">Philippi, 1836</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(p. 51).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE1F950FF3BF93E65ECF93D" blockId="37.[151,1436,1728,2026]" box="[151,921,1758,1781]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<materialsCitation id="3B043CEEFFE1F950FF3BF93E65ECF93D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324948188" box="[151,921,1758,1781]" location="Hidalgo" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hidalgo">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D30FFE1F950FF3BF93E6438F93D" authority="Philippi-Jeffreys 1881" authorityName="Philippi-Jeffreys" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,589,1758,1781]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Cardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minimum">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FF3BF93E6721F93C" box="[151,340,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Cardium minimum</emphasis>
Philippi—Jeffreys 1881
</taxonomicName>
(p. 709); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FD1DF93E6549F93D" author="Hidalgo" box="[689,828,1758,1780]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Hidalgo, J. G. (1917) Fauna Malacologica de Espana, Portugal y las Baleares. Trabajos del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Zoologia, 30, 1 - 752." type="journal article" year="1917">
<collectingRegion id="49A8F851FFE1F950FD1DF93E6576F93D" box="[689,771,1758,1780]" country="Mexico" name="Hidalgo" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Hidalgo</collectingRegion>
1917
</bibRefCitation>
(p. 201).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766538FFE1F950FF3BF91D6571F8DA" box="[151,772,1789,1811]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE1F950FF3BF91D6571F8DA" blockId="37.[151,1436,1728,2026]" box="[151,772,1789,1811]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D30FFE1F950FF3BF91D670FF8DA" authority="Ph." authorityName="Ph." box="[151,378,1789,1811]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Cardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minimum">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FF3BF91D6721F8DA" box="[151,340,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Cardium minimum</emphasis>
Ph.
</taxonomicName>
— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FE3FF91D646AF8DA" author="Philippi" box="[403,543,1789,1811]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1844) Enumeratio molluscorum Siciliae cum viventium tum in tellure tertiaria fossilium, quae in itinere suo observavit. Eduard Anton, Halle, IV + 303 pp." type="book" year="1844">Philippi 1844</bibRefCitation>
(p. 38, pl. 14, fig. 18).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766538FFE1F953FF3BF8FC6215FE4A" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE1F950FF3BF8FC636EF8FB" blockId="37.[151,1436,1728,2026]" box="[151,1307,1820,1842]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D30FFE1F950FF3BF8FC6799F8FB" authority="Philippi" authorityName="Philippi" box="[151,492,1820,1842]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Parvicardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minimum">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FF3BF8FC67F2F8FB" box="[151,391,1820,1842]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Parvicardium minimum</emphasis>
(Philippi)
</taxonomicName>
— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FDAAF8FC64F3F8FB" author="Tebble" box="[518,646,1820,1842]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Tebble, N. (1966) British bivalve seashells. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, Edinburgh, 213 pp." type="book" year="1966">Tebble 1966</bibRefCitation>
(p. 100, text-figs. 11a–b); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FC3FF8FC62CBF8FB" author="Di" box="[915,1214,1820,1842]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Di Geronimo, I. &amp; Panetta, P. (1973) La Malacofauna Batiale del Golfo di Taranto. Conchiglie, 9 (5 - 6), 69 - 121." type="journal article" year="1973">Di Geronimo &amp; Panetta 1973</bibRefCitation>
(p. 109).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE1F950FF3BF8DA62D7F899" blockId="37.[151,1436,1728,2026]" box="[151,1186,1850,1872]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D30FFE1F950FF3BF8DA64FAF899" authority="Philippi, 1836" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,655,1850,1872]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Parvicardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="minimum" subSpecies="minimum">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FF3BF8DA679EF899" box="[151,491,1850,1872]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Parvicardium minimum minimum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FE55F8DA64FDF899" author="Philippi" box="[505,648,1850,1872]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1836) Enumeratio molluscorum Siciliae cum viventium tum in tellure tertiaria fossilium, quae in itinere suo observavit. Schropp, Berlin, XIV + 267 pp." type="book" year="1836">Philippi, 1836</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FD05F8DA6538F899" author="Nordsieck" box="[681,845,1850,1872]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Nordsieck, F. (1969) Die europaischen Meeresmuscheln (Bivalvia) vom Eismeer bis Kapverden, Mittelmeer und Schwarzes Meer. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, XIII + 256 pp." type="book" year="1969">Nordsieck 1969</bibRefCitation>
(p. 99, pl. 15, figs. 55.03–55.04).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE1F950FF3BF8B965D6F8A6" blockId="37.[151,1436,1728,2026]" box="[151,931,1881,1903]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D30FFE1F950FF3BF8B9645EF8A6" authority="Philippi, 1844" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,555,1881,1903]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Parvicardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minimum">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FF3BF8B967F2F8A6" box="[151,391,1881,1903]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Parvicardium minimum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FE38F8B96451F8A6" author="Philippi" box="[404,548,1881,1903]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1844) Enumeratio molluscorum Siciliae cum viventium tum in tellure tertiaria fossilium, quae in itinere suo observavit. Eduard Anton, Halle, IV + 303 pp." type="book" year="1844">Philippi, 1844</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FDE9F8B964BCF8A6" author="Lentini" box="[581,713,1881,1903]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Lentini, F. (1971) La Sezione plio-pleistocenica di Pisticci sul bordo appenninico della Fossa Bradanica. Atti dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali, 7 (3), 109 - 192." type="journal article" year="1971">Lentini 1971</bibRefCitation>
(p. 181, figs. 11a–b).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE1F950FF3BF898622EF847" blockId="37.[151,1436,1728,2026]" box="[151,1115,1912,1934]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D30FFE1F950FF3BF8986424F847" authority="Phil." authorityName="Phil." box="[151,593,1912,1934]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Corculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minimum" subGenus="Papillicardium">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FF3BF898668EF847" box="[151,251,1912,1934]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Corculum</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FEA6F89867D7F847" box="[266,418,1912,1934]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Papillicardium</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FE1DF899647AF847" box="[433,527,1913,1934]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">minimum</emphasis>
(Phil.)
</taxonomicName>
— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FDC7F8986527F847" author="Venzo" box="[619,850,1912,1934]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Venzo, S. &amp; Pelosio, G. (1973) La malacofauna tortoniana del Colle di Vigoleno (Preappennino piacentino). Paleontographia Italica, 58, 43 - 213." type="journal article" year="1973">Venzo &amp; Pelosio 1973</bibRefCitation>
(p. 175, pl. 54, figs. 2–4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE1F950FF3BF8766497F823" blockId="37.[151,1436,1728,2026]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D30FFE1F950FF3BF876645CF865" authority="Philippi, 1836" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,553,1942,1965]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Parvicardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minimum">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FF3BF87667F3F864" box="[151,390,1942,1965]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Parvicardium minimum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FE3FF8766457F865" author="Philippi" box="[403,546,1942,1964]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1836) Enumeratio molluscorum Siciliae cum viventium tum in tellure tertiaria fossilium, quae in itinere suo observavit. Schropp, Berlin, XIV + 267 pp." type="book" year="1836">Philippi, 1836</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FDEFF8766535F865" author="Thomsen" box="[579,832,1942,1964]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Thomsen, E. &amp; Vorren, T. O. (1986) Macrofaunal palaeoecology and stratigraphy in Late Quaternary shelf sediments off Northern Norway. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 56, 103 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / 0031 - 0182 (86) 90110 - 0" type="journal article" year="1986">Thomsen &amp; Vorren 1986</bibRefCitation>
(pl. 7, fig. D); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FC7AF87662C7F865" author="Barash" box="[982,1202,1942,1964]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Barash, A. &amp; Danin, Z. (1992) Annotated list of mediterranean molluscs of Israel and Sinai. In: Fauna Palaestina, Mollusca I. Keterpress Enterprises, Jerusalem, pp. 1 - 405." type="book chapter" year="1992">Barash &amp; Danin 1992</bibRefCitation>
(p. 278); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FABFF876676EF802" author="Cossignani" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Cossignani, T., Cossignani, V., Di Nisio, A. &amp; Passamonti, M. (1992) Atlante delle conchiglie del medio Adriatico. L'Informatore Piceno Editore, Ancona, 120 pp." type="book" year="1992">
Cossignani 
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FA26F8786697F802" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
1992
</bibRefCitation>
(fig. 327); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FE3DF8566415F802" author="Poppe" box="[401,608,1973,1995]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Poppe, G. T. &amp; Goto, Y. (1993) European Seashells. Volume II. (Scaphopoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda). Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden, 221 pp." type="book" year="1993">
Poppe &amp; 
<collectingRegion id="49A8F851FFE1F950FE5EF8556450F802" box="[498,549,1973,1995]" country="Malta" name="Zebbug" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Goto</collectingRegion>
1993
</bibRefCitation>
(p. 97, pl. 16, fig. 9); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FCEAF85665A3F802" author="Petersen" box="[838,982,1973,1995]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Petersen, K. S. (2004) Late Quaternary environmental changes recorded in the Danish marine molluscan faunas. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin, 3, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2004">Petersen 2004</bibRefCitation>
(p. 79, fig. 68); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FB2DF8566333F802" author="Repetto" box="[1153,1350,1973,1995]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Repetto, G., Orlando, F. &amp; Arduino, G. (2005) Conchiglie del Mediterraneo: 1770 specie illustrate con distribuzione e frequenza. Amici del Museo &quot; Federico Eusebio &quot;, Alba, 392 pp." type="book" year="2005">
Repetto 
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FB74F8566379F802" box="[1240,1292,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
(p. 322, bottom left fig.); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE1F950FED9F834645DF823" author="Oliver" box="[373,552,2004,2026]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Oliver, P. G., Holmes, A. M., Killeen, I. J. &amp; Turner, J. A. (2016) Marine Bivalve Shells of the British Isles (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Amgueddfa Cymru-National Museum Wales. Available from: http: // naturalhistory. museumwales. ac. uk / britishbivalves. (Accessed 25 August 2016)" type="journal article" year="2016">
Oliver 
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE1F950FE10F835679CF823" box="[444,489,2004,2026]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
(online resource).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE2F953FF3BFF78625FFF67" blockId="38.[151,1066,152,174]" box="[151,1066,152,174]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D30FFE2F953FF3BFF78647FFF67" authority="Phil., 1836" authorityName="Phil." authorityYear="1836" box="[151,522,152,174]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Parvicardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minimum">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE2F953FF3BFF7867F2FF67" box="[151,391,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Parvicardium minimum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FE39FF786471FF67" author="Phil" box="[405,516,152,174]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1836) Enumeratio molluscorum Siciliae cum viventium tum in tellure tertiaria fossilium, quae in itinere suo observavit. Schropp, Berlin, XIV + 267 pp." type="book" year="1836">Phil., 1836</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FD89FF786545FF67" author="Spada" box="[549,816,152,174]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Spada, G. &amp; Della Bella, G. (1990) Chiave di determinazione per le specie mediterranee viventi dei generi Plagiocardium Cossmann, 1886 e Parvicardium Monterosato, 1884 (Bivalvia, Cardiidae). Lavori S. I. M., 23, 393 - 408." type="journal article" year="1990">Spada &amp; Della Bella 1990</bibRefCitation>
(p. 396, pl. 5, figs. a–d).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE2F953FF3BFF3A6215FE4A" blockId="38.[151,1436,218,747]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE2F953FF3BFF3A67E9FF3A" bold="true" box="[151,412,218,243]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Diagnostic characters</emphasis>
. Roundly quadrangular shell; 30–34 radial ribs, somewhat flattened in the middle of the shell; more or less continuous radial rows of minute, crescent-shaped scales over the ribs. Prodissoconch: shell 
<typeStatus id="54D78811FFE2F953FAC0FF1F63E9FEDE" box="[1388,1436,255,279]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
ST-2A; length about 210 µm (P-1 about 60 µm); roundish outline; high convex profile; P-1 surface weakly rough; P-1/P-2 boundary weakly incised but distinct; P-2 faintly concentrically striated, with flattened margin; transition to the nepioconch well marked, nepioconch beginning with well developed radial ribs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766538FFE2F953FF6BFE6E62BCFE03" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE2F953FF6BFE6E62BCFE03" blockId="38.[151,1436,218,747]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE2F953FF6BFE6E6726FE6E" bold="true" box="[199,339,398,423]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Occurrence</emphasis>
. Box-corer samples BC04 (2 specimens), BC05 (2), BC11 (1), BC67 (2), BC71 (3), BC72 (63); cores BC04 (3), BC05 (2), BC06 (1), BC51 (2), BC67 (1), BC72 (22). Maximum length: 
<quantity id="4C949B56FFE2F953FB2DFE5262B0FE03" box="[1153,1221,434,459]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766538FFE2F953FF6BFE366570FD22" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE2F953FF6BFE36647AFDB6" blockId="38.[151,1436,218,747]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE2F953FF6BFE366781FE26" bold="true" box="[199,500,470,495]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D30FFE2F953FDAAFE366560FE27" box="[518,789,470,495]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Parvicardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minimum">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE2F953FDAAFE366560FE27" box="[518,789,470,495]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Parvicardium minimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed from Siberia and northern 
<collectingCountry id="F37B7623FFE2F953FB53FE37632CFE26" box="[1279,1369,471,495]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
(also entering fjords) to 
<collectingCountry id="F37B7623FFE2F953FEC6FE1B67A7FDDB" box="[362,466,507,530]" name="Morocco" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Morocco</collectingCountry>
, the 
<collectingRegion id="49A8F851FFE2F953FDA4FE1A641FFDDA" box="[520,618,506,531]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Canaries</collectingRegion>
and the Mediterranean as far east as the Suez Canal, and possibly in the Pacific Ocean; it lives on a variety of soft substrates mainly at shelf depths, but also reaches bathyal settings (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FF32FDA26723FD92" author="Nordsieck" box="[158,342,578,603]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Nordsieck, F. (1969) Die europaischen Meeresmuscheln (Bivalvia) vom Eismeer bis Kapverden, Mittelmeer und Schwarzes Meer. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, XIII + 256 pp." type="book" year="1969">Nordsieck 1969</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FECEFDA264C5FD92" author="Di" box="[354,688,578,603]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Di Geronimo, I. &amp; Panetta, P. (1973) La Malacofauna Batiale del Golfo di Taranto. Conchiglie, 9 (5 - 6), 69 - 121." type="journal article" year="1973">Di Geronimo &amp; Panetta 1973</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FD10FDA365CEFD92" author="Venzo" box="[700,955,578,603]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Venzo, S. &amp; Pelosio, G. (1973) La malacofauna tortoniana del Colle di Vigoleno (Preappennino piacentino). Paleontographia Italica, 58, 43 - 213." type="journal article" year="1973">Venzo &amp; Pelosio 1973</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FC6BFDA2633FFD92" author="Buhl-Mortensen" box="[967,1354,578,603]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Buhl-Mortensen, L. &amp; Hoisaeter, T. (1993) Mollusc fauna along an offshore-fjord gradient. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 97, 209 - 224. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 097209" type="journal article" year="1993">Buhl-Mortensen &amp; Høisaeter 1993</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FAFAFDA3675BFDB6" author="Poppe" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Poppe, G. T. &amp; Goto, Y. (1993) European Seashells. Volume II. (Scaphopoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda). Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden, 221 pp." type="book" year="1993">
Poppe &amp; 
<collectingRegion id="49A8F851FFE2F953FF18FD876699FDB6" box="[180,236,615,639]" country="Malta" name="Zebbug" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Goto</collectingRegion>
1993
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FE95FD866476FDB6" author="Oliver" box="[313,515,614,639]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Oliver, P. G., Holmes, A. M., Killeen, I. J. &amp; Turner, J. A. (2016) Marine Bivalve Shells of the British Isles (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Amgueddfa Cymru-National Museum Wales. Available from: http: // naturalhistory. museumwales. ac. uk / britishbivalves. (Accessed 25 August 2016)" type="journal article" year="2016">
Oliver 
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE2F953FE24FD8767B5FDB6" box="[392,448,614,639]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD336B3FFE2F953FF6BFD6A6570FD22" blockId="38.[151,1436,218,747]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B918EAA1FFE2F953FF6BFD6A671AFD6A" bold="true" box="[199,367,650,675]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fossil record.</emphasis>
Middle Miocene of 
<collectingCountry id="F37B7623FFE2F953FDDCFD6A64B3FD6A" box="[624,710,650,675]" name="Austria" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Austria</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F37B7623FFE2F953FD7BFD6A65E6FD6A" box="[727,915,650,675]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F37B7623FFE2F953FC09FD6A6272FD6A" box="[933,1031,650,675]" name="Slovakia" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
and the Mediterranean; Miocene, Pliocene and Pleistocene of 
<collectingCountry id="F37B7623FFE2F953FE4DFD4E6461FD0E" box="[481,532,686,711]" name="Italy" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Italy</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FD8AFD4F648EFD0E" author="Monterosato" box="[550,763,687,711]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Monterosato, T. A. di (1872) Notizie intorno alle conchiglie fossili di Monte Pellegrino e Ficarazzi. Ufficio Tipografico Michele Amenta, Palermo, 44 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 50743" type="book" year="1872">Monterosato 1872</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FCA6FD4E65D4FD0E" author="Lentini" box="[778,929,686,711]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Lentini, F. (1971) La Sezione plio-pleistocenica di Pisticci sul bordo appenninico della Fossa Bradanica. Atti dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali, 7 (3), 109 - 192." type="journal article" year="1971">Lentini 1971</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FC1CFD4E6217FD0E" author="Malatesta" box="[944,1122,686,711]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Malatesta, A. (1974) Malacofauna pliocenica umbra. Memorie per servire alla descrizione della carta geologica d'Italia, 13, 1 - 498." type="journal article" year="1974">Malatesta 1974</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FBDDFD4E63FAFD0E" author="Monegatti" box="[1137,1423,686,711]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Monegatti, P. &amp; Raffi, S. (2001) Taxonomic diversity and stratigraphic distribution of Mediterranean Pliocene bivalves. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 165, 171 - 193. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / s 0031 - 0182 (00) 00159 - 0" type="journal article" year="2001">Monegatti &amp; Raffi 2001</bibRefCitation>
); Pleistocene and Holocene of 
<collectingCountry id="F37B7623FFE2F953FE72FD326433FD22" box="[478,582,722,747]" name="Denmark" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Denmark</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B42FFE2F953FDF8FD33648CFD22" author="Petersen" box="[596,761,723,747]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Petersen, K. S. (2004) Late Quaternary environmental changes recorded in the Danish marine molluscan faunas. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin, 3, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2004">Petersen 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>