448 lines
58 KiB
XML
448 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="CB92AC59A908EAF5C98F92BD7DB98157" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10145893" ID-ZooBank="15853384-123A-4865-A5FF-C38F92B56E6F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1700174994611" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sankaran, Pradeep M. & Caleb, John T. D." docDate="2023" docId="039287DEEC51854DFF4FF8F2FCE0F9B2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5369.4.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5369 (4)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.4/52258" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Arctosa dhikala Sankaran & Caleb" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="537" masterDocId="FFABFFA6EC508549FFD8FFC1FF99FFBB" masterDocTitle="Notes on Indian wolf spiders: III. Genera Acantholycosa Dahl, 1908, Evippomma Roewer, 1959, Hippasosa Roewer, 1960 and Trochosa C. L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae: Lycosidae)" masterLastPageNumber="552" masterPageNumber="533" pageNumber="534" updateTime="1701181837628" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="81B070DD7FEC9C02B9AE97FCF2292300">Notes on Indian wolf spiders: III. Genera Acantholycosa Dahl, 1908, Evippomma Roewer, 1959, Hippasosa Roewer, 1960 and Trochosa C. L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae: Lycosidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8A4BC5E4351AD6AD811C7E434DC47714" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3F87638CE5DC859D68AD1E5F1BEC20AA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6AF30CC9B59EF84A8D0C53C15953D487">Sankaran, Pradeep M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CD646A0146BE6F7FA013E76CE8BA72B5" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0884-5625</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="88A958703EE1763D891DDD3397C0D6A6">Division of Arachnology, Department of Zoology, Sacred Heart College, Thevara, Cochin, Kerala 682 013, India pradeepmspala @ rediffmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0884 - 5625</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B83B471574B150EEECA1056B0C2F2AE7" type="email">pradeepmspala@rediffmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="33C1770B88EE8396504053686CC91A2F">Caleb, John T. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9FB39565057B7E3BE96FF3F140E11DEC">Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602 105, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5DC993144CEF8A0BF6A34CB76217EC35">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CEE3F123B5183451133AC5578D3A4934">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="94B50085BDD77E92F274B47BDABD0B71">2023-11-13</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039287DEEC51854DFF4FF8F2FCE0F9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287DEEC51854DFF4FF8F2FCE0F9B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287DEEC51854DFF4FF8F2FCE0F9B2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="537" pageId="1" pageNumber="534">
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<subSubSection id="C3216543EC518548FF4FF8F2FDD0F8F6" box="[151,585,1842,1869]" pageId="1" pageNumber="534" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC518548FF4FF8F2FDD0F8F6" blockId="1.[151,585,1842,1905]" box="[151,585,1842,1869]" pageId="1" pageNumber="534">
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<heading id="D0CC81A4EC518548FF4FF8F2FDD0F8F6" bold="true" box="[151,585,1842,1869]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="534" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC518548FF4FF8F2FDD0F8F6" bold="true" box="[151,585,1842,1869]" pageId="1" pageNumber="534">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC518548FF4FF8F2FECFF8F6" authorityName="Sankaran & Caleb" box="[151,342,1842,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dhikala">
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<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC518548FF4FF8F2FECFF8F6" bold="true" box="[151,342,1842,1869]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="534">Arctosa dhikala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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comb. et nom. nov.
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3216543EC518548FF4FF896FF61F8CA" box="[151,248,1879,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="534" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC518548FF4FF896FF61F8CA" blockId="1.[151,585,1842,1905]" box="[151,248,1879,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="534">
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<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC518548FF4FF896FF61F8CA" box="[151,248,1879,1905]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1809,1833]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1437,705,1786]" captionTargetBox-1="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId-0="figure-267@2.[151,1437,705,1786]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A male habitus (labelled as allotype), dorsal. B holotype female habitus, dorsal. C paratype female habitus, dorsal. D–F labels from type tubes. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145895" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10145895/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="534">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3216543EC518548FF4FF855FC00F814" box="[151,921,1940,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="534" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC518548FF4FF855FC00F814" blockId="1.[151,921,1940,1967]" box="[151,921,1940,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="534">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2B11E6EC518548FF4FF855FC00F814" box="[151,921,1940,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="534">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10D9EC518548FF4FF855FD5CF816" author="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S." box="[151,709,1940,1965]" page="437" pageId="1" pageNumber="534" year="1980">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC518548FF4FF855FD5CF816" ID-CoL="597MP" authority="Tikader & Malhotra, 1980: 437" authorityName="Tikader & Malhotra" authorityPageNumber="437" authorityYear="1980" box="[151,709,1940,1965]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trochosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC518548FF4FF855FEE6F817" box="[151,383,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="534">Trochosa himalayensis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC518548FE5DF855FD5CF816" author="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S." box="[389,709,1940,1965]" pageId="1" pageNumber="534" pagination="248 - 447" refId="ref10844" refString="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S. (1980) Lycosidae (wolf-spiders). Fauna India (Araneae), 1, 248 - 447." type="journal article" year="1980">Tikader & Malhotra, 1980: 437</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 349–353 (♂
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||
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD41EC518548FCAFF857FC10F814" box="[887,905,1942,1967]" count="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="534" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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||
).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3216543EC52854BFF4FFF56FEA9FF6E" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC52854BFF4FFF56FEA9FF6E" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFF4FFF56FE87FF0A" bold="true" box="[151,286,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Etymology.</emphasis>
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||
The specific epithet
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC52854BFDD4FF56FDF0FF0A" box="[524,617,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dhikala">
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||
‘
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||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFDCDFF56FDF0FF0A" box="[533,617,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">dhikala</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
’ is a noun in apposition derived from the name of the
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||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC52854BFB0BFF56FA9AFF0A" box="[1235,1283,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">type</typeStatus>
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||
locality of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC52854BFA5EFF56FEB0FF6E" authorityName="Tikader & Malhotra" authorityYear="1980" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trochosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFA5EFF56FA0FFF0B" box="[1414,1430,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">T</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFF4FFF7AFEB0FF6E" box="[151,297,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">himalayensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3216543EC52854BFF1FFF1EFE9DFE32" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC52854BFF1FFF1EFADCFEFA" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFF1FFF1EFEEEFF43" bold="true" box="[199,375,222,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Type material.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B533C95EC52854BFE59FF1EFE7DFEFA" collectingDate="1971-11-29" collectorName="Asket Singh" country="India" county="Pauri" elevation="508" latitude="29.6" location="Dhikala" longLatPrecision="1226" longitude="78.8" municipality="Jim Corbet National Park" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Uttarakhand" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC52854BFE59FF1EFE70FF42" box="[385,489,223,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD41EC52854BFE2AFF1EFD9EFF42" box="[498,519,223,249]" count="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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from
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||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFD89FF1FFD3AFF43" bold="true" box="[593,675,222,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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<collectingCountry id="F32C7658EC52854BFD89FF1FFD3AFF43" box="[593,675,222,248]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">INDIA</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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||
:
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<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFD6CFF1EFCDAFF42" box="[692,835,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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<collectingRegion id="49FFF82AEC52854BFD6CFF1EFCDAFF42" box="[692,835,223,249]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCounty id="62E54E44EC52854BFC8CFF1EFC0DFF42" box="[852,916,223,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Pauri</collectingCounty>
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: Jim Corbet National Park (formerly in
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||
<collectingRegion id="49FFF82AEC52854BFABBFF1EFF6FFEA6" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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):
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<location id="8EE46013EC52854BFED3FEC2FEFDFEA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287DEEC51854DFF4FF8F2FCE0F9B2:8EE46013EC52854BFED3FEC2FEFDFEA6" box="[267,356,259,285]" country="India" county="Pauri" latitude="29.6" longLatPrecision="1226" longitude="78.8" municipality="Jim Corbet National Park" name="Dhikala" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" stateProvince="Uttarakhand">Dhikala</location>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0F500FEC52854BFEAFFEC2FE42FEA6" box="[375,475,259,285]" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" precision="925" value="29.6">29°36’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0F500FEC52854BFE32FEC2FDD2FEA6" box="[490,587,259,285]" degrees="78" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" precision="925" value="78.8">78°48’E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<quantity id="4CC39B2DEC52854BFD82FEC3FD3DFEA6" box="[602,676,258,285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" unit="m" value="508.0">
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<elevation id="0016D1FBEC52854BFD82FEC3FD3DFEA6" box="[602,676,258,285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" unit="m" value="508.0">508 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
alt.), leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26CE531EEC52854BFCC7FEC2FC37FEA6" box="[799,942,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Asket Singh</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF851008EC52854BFC65FEC2FB07FEA6" box="[957,1182,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" value="1971-11-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9E0EC52854BFC65FEC2FB07FEA6" box="[957,1182,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" value="1971-11-29">29 November 1971</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, repository NZC-ZSI, Kolkata (4660/18), examined
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B533C95EC52854BFE36FEE6FAD8FEFA" box="[494,1345,295,323]" collectingDate="1971-11-29" collectorName="Asket Singh & Kolkata" country="India" county="Pauri" elevation="508" latitude="29.6" location="Dhikala" longLatPrecision="1226" longitude="78.8" municipality="Jim Corbet National Park" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Uttarakhand" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC52854BFE36FEE6FDC2FEFA" box="[494,603,295,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
1 ♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD41EC52854BFD42FEE6FD40FEFA" box="[666,729,295,321]" count="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
with same data as holotype except 4661/18, examined
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC52854BFF1FFE8BFE9DFE32" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFF1FFE8BFDA2FEDF" bold="true" box="[199,571,330,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC52854BFF1FFE8BFDACFEDF" box="[199,565,330,356]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Additional material examined</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1 ♂ (labelled as
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC52854BFCD2FE8AFCFFFEDE" box="[778,870,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) with same data as holotype (NZC-ZSI, Kolkata 4662/18).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3216543EC52854DFF1FFE53FB05FD4A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="537" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC52854BFF1FFE53FE04FD12" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFF1FFE53FEDBFE17" bold="true" box="[199,322,402,428]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC52854BFE6AFE52FDBFFE16" box="[434,550,403,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dhikala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFE6AFE52FE5AFE16" box="[434,451,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFE0AFE52FDBFFE16" box="[466,550,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">dhikala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are closely related to the males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC52854BFC75FE52FAE7FE16" authority="Tikader & Malhotra, 1980" authorityName="Tikader & Malhotra" authorityYear="1980" box="[941,1406,403,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFC75FE52FBC9FE16" box="[941,1104,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Arctosa indica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC52854BFB8FFE52FAE7FE16" author="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S." box="[1111,1406,403,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" pagination="248 - 447" refId="ref10844" refString="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S. (1980) Lycosidae (wolf-spiders). Fauna India (Araneae), 1, 248 - 447." type="journal article" year="1980">Tikader & Malhotra, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as both share a median apophysis with narrow distal part, but can be distinguished from the latter species by the median apophysis with a pointed apex and without lateral process (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFC88FE1AFCF6FE4F" box="[848,879,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
truncated and with lateral process in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC52854BFAF4FE1AFA0DFE4E" authorityName="Tikader & Malhotra" authorityYear="1980" box="[1324,1428,475,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFAF4FE1AFAA4FE4E" box="[1324,1341,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFA96FE1AFA0DFE4E" box="[1358,1428,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC52854BFEDAFE3EFEE3FDA2" box="[258,378,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Fig. 2B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC52854BFE67FE3EFD2BFDA2" author="Sankaran, P. M. & Caleb, J. T. D. & Sebastian, P. A." box="[447,690,511,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" pagination="489 - 504" refId="ref10348" refString="Sankaran, P. M., Caleb, J. T. D. & Sebastian, P. A. (2021) Revision of Indian wolf spiders: I. Genus Arctosa C. L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae: Lycosidae, Tricassinae). Zootaxa, 4908 (4), 489 - 504. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4908.4.3" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Sankaran
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFDE9FE3EFDF4FDA2" box="[561,621,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 6B–C). Females are most similar to the females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC52854BFA9EFE3EFE34FD86" authority="(Sinha, 1951)" baseAuthorityName="Sinha" baseAuthorityYear="1951" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khudiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFA9EFE3EFE94FD86" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Arctosa khudiensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC52854BFEC4FDE2FE3DFD86" author="Sinha, T. B." box="[284,420,546,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" pagination="9 - 52" refId="ref10665" refString="Sinha, T. B. (1951) On the collection of lycosid spiders in the Zoological Survey of India. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 48, 9 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 48 / i 2 / 1951 / 162145" type="journal article" year="1951">Sinha, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as both share a large median epigynal septum and oval spermathecae with short stalk, but can be distinguished from the latter species by the squarish distal part of epigynal median septum (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFB35FD86FA92FDDB" box="[1261,1291,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
triangular in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC52854BFF4FFDAAFEB5FD3E" baseAuthorityName="Sinha" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[151,300,619,645]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khudiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFF4FFDAAFF31FD3E" box="[151,168,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFF6EFDAAFEB5FD3E" box="[182,300,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">khudiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the slender stalk of spermathecae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFD2FFDAAFC8CFD3F" box="[759,789,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
stout in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC52854BFCAEFDAAFB92FD3E" baseAuthorityName="Sinha" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[886,1035,619,645]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khudiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFCAEFDAAFC1EFD3E" box="[886,903,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFC4DFDAAFB92FD3E" box="[917,1035,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">khudiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC52854BFB59FDAAFB6CFD3E" box="[1153,1269,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Fig. 2D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC52854BFAECFDAAFE8BFD12" author="Sankaran, P. M. & Caleb, J. T. D. & Sebastian, P. A." pageId="2" pageNumber="535" pagination="489 - 504" refId="ref10348" refString="Sankaran, P. M., Caleb, J. T. D. & Sebastian, P. A. (2021) Revision of Indian wolf spiders: I. Genus Arctosa C. L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae: Lycosidae, Tricassinae). Zootaxa, 4908 (4), 489 - 504. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4908.4.3" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Sankaran
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFF4FFD4EFF56FD12" box="[151,207,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 8A, C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF446640EC52854BFF4FF8D0FE10F8CA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145895" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10145895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145895/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" startId="2.[151,250,1809,1833]" targetBox="[151,1437,705,1786]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC52854BFF4FF8D0FE10F8CA" blockId="2.[151,1437,1809,1906]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFF4FF8D0FE8DF892" bold="true" box="[151,276,1809,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC52854BFEC3F8D3FE25F891" box="[283,444,1810,1834]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dhikala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFEC3F8D3FE25F891" box="[283,444,1810,1834]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Arctosa dhikala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFE1BF8D3FD09F891" bold="true" box="[451,656,1810,1834]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">comb. et nom. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
, types of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC52854BFD2FF8D3FB6EF891" authority="Tikader & Malhotra, 1980" authorityName="Tikader & Malhotra" authorityYear="1980" box="[759,1271,1810,1834]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trochosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFD2FF8D3FC46F891" box="[759,991,1810,1834]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Trochosa himalayensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC52854BFC3FF8D3FB6EF891" author="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S." box="[999,1271,1810,1834]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" pagination="248 - 447" refId="ref10844" refString="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S. (1980) Lycosidae (wolf-spiders). Fauna India (Araneae), 1, 248 - 447." type="journal article" year="1980">Tikader & Malhotra, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFAD9F8D0FA8AF892" bold="true" box="[1281,1299,1809,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">A</emphasis>
|
||
male habitus (labelled as allotype), dorsal.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFE1AF8F7FE4AF8F5" bold="true" box="[450,467,1846,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">B</emphasis>
|
||
holotype female habitus, dorsal.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFCFAF8F4FCADF8F6" bold="true" box="[802,820,1845,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">C</emphasis>
|
||
paratype female habitus, dorsal.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC52854BFB5AF8F7FB29F8F5" bold="true" box="[1154,1200,1846,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">D–F</emphasis>
|
||
labels from type tubes. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF446640EC53854AFF4FF8FAFE05F804" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" startId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" targetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC53854AFF4FF8FAFE05F804" blockId="3.[151,1437,1851,1984]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFF4FF8FAFE8AF8E8" bold="true" box="[151,275,1851,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC53854AFEC2F8FDFE22F8EF" box="[282,443,1852,1876]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dhikala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFEC2F8FDFE22F8EF" box="[282,443,1852,1876]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Arctosa dhikala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFE1AF8FDFD17F8EF" bold="true" box="[450,654,1852,1876]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">comb. et nom. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
, types of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC53854AFD2CF8FDFB6BF8EF" authority="Tikader & Malhotra, 1980" authorityName="Tikader & Malhotra" authorityYear="1980" box="[756,1266,1852,1876]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trochosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFD2CF8FDFC45F8EF" box="[756,988,1852,1876]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Trochosa himalayensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC53854AFC3BF8FDFB6BF8EF" author="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S." box="[995,1266,1852,1876]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" pagination="248 - 447" refId="ref10844" refString="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S. (1980) Lycosidae (wolf-spiders). Fauna India (Araneae), 1, 248 - 447." type="journal article" year="1980">Tikader & Malhotra, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFB24F8FAFAB4F8E8" bold="true" box="[1276,1325,1851,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">A–C</emphasis>
|
||
male right palp (labelled as allotype):
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFE6BF89EFE5CF8CC" bold="true" box="[435,453,1887,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">A</emphasis>
|
||
ventral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFDFBF8A1FDADF8C3" bold="true" box="[547,564,1888,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">B</emphasis>
|
||
ventral enlarged;
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFD2AF89EFC9DF8CC" bold="true" box="[754,772,1887,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">C</emphasis>
|
||
retrolateral enlarged.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFC31F8A1FB81F8C3" bold="true" box="[1001,1048,1888,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">D–F</emphasis>
|
||
genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F):
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFEE4F845FED7F827" bold="true" box="[316,334,1924,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">D</emphasis>
|
||
epigyne intact, ventral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFD98F845FDC8F827" bold="true" box="[576,593,1924,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">E</emphasis>
|
||
epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC53854AFBCAF845FBB8F827" bold="true" box="[1042,1057,1924,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">F</emphasis>
|
||
vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC54854DFF1FFF57FEABFEDE" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFF1FFF57FD8CFF0B" bold="true" box="[199,533,150,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Supplementary description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFDC6FF56FDC1FF0A" box="[542,600,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(4662/18;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFD0FFF56FCABFF0A" box="[727,818,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1809,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,705,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-267@2.[151,1437,705,1786]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A male habitus (labelled as allotype), dorsal. B holotype female habitus, dorsal. C paratype female habitus, dorsal. D–F labels from type tubes. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145895/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fovea vertical, dark. Cheliceral promargin with two teeth, retromargin with three. Body length 5.34. Carapace 2.98 long, 2.07 wide. Opisthosoma 2.36 long, 1.38 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: ALE 0.08. AME 0.10. PLE 0.20. PME 0.23; ALE–AME 0.02. AME–AME 0.07. PLE–PLE 0.38. PME–PLE 0.17. PME–PME 0.14. Chelicerae 0.93 long. Clypeus height at ALE 0.06, at AME 0.05. Measurements of palp and legs. Palp 2.47 [0.82, 0.48, 0.36, 0.81], leg III ---- [1.48, 0.70, 0.91, 1.29, ----].
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFA90FEE6FAE4FEFA" box="[1352,1405,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Palp</emphasis>
|
||
as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFF6CFE8AFEB7FEDE" box="[180,302,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 2A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC54854DFF1FFEAEFD3FFD3E" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFF1FFEAEFE82FE32" box="[199,283,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC54854DFEF2FEAEFE09FE32" box="[298,400,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, 4660/18;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFDDFFEAEFDC4FE32" box="[519,605,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1809,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,705,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-267@2.[151,1437,705,1786]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A male habitus (labelled as allotype), dorsal. B holotype female habitus, dorsal. C paratype female habitus, dorsal. D–F labels from type tubes. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145895/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Same as male except by the following: body length 6.87. Carapace 3.43 long, 2.30 wide. Opisthosoma 3.44 long, 2.03 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: ALE 0.11. AME 0.13. PLE 0.22. PME 0.30; ALE–AME 0.03. AME–AME 0.08. PLE–PLE 0.27. PME–PLE 0.55. PME–PME 0.16. Chelicerae 1.48 long. Clypeus height at ALE 0.10, at AME 0.09. Measurements of palp and legs. Palp 3.65 [1.12, 0.67, 0.90, 0.96], I 8.19 [2.34, 1.25, 1.71, 1.84, 1.05], II 7.46 [2.10, 1.13, 1.45, 1.73, 1.05], III 6.91 [1.93, 1.00, 1.24, 1.78, 0.96], IV (right) 10.01 [2.23, 1.50, 2.69, 2.37, 1.22]. Leg formula: 4123.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFC1DFDE2FBB6FD86" box="[965,1071,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFBE6FDE2FB00FD86" box="[1086,1177,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
): epigynal plate almost circular, lightly sclerotized. Median septum with narrow proximal and squarish distal parts. Copulatory openings small, lying posterolaterally to median septum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC54854DFF1FFD4EFB05FD4A" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFF1FFD4EFE82FD12" box="[199,283,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC54854DFEF1FD4EFE17FD12" box="[297,398,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFE41FD4EFD94FD12" box="[409,525,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 2E–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). epigynal plate almost circular, lightly sclerotized (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFB95FD4EFB3DFD12" box="[1101,1188,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Median septum with narrow proximal and squarish distal parts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFD5AFD72FD42FD76" box="[642,731,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Copulatory openings small, lying posterolaterally to median septum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFF2FFD16FED6FD4A" box="[247,335,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spermathecal stalks short, narrow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFD35FD16FCDAFD4A" box="[749,835,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spermathecae oval (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFBE2FD16FB16FD4A" box="[1082,1167,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3216543EC54854DFF1FFD3AFBEEFA5E" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC54854DFF1FFD3AFB96FC3A" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFF1FFD3AFD81FCAE" bold="true" box="[199,536,762,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC54854DFE43FD3AFD8AFCAE" box="[411,531,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Male: body length 5.17. Carapace 2.84 long, 2.07 wide. Opisthosoma 2.33 long, 1.43 wide. Female 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFE5EFCDEFE44FC82" box="[390,477,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1809,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,705,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-267@2.[151,1437,705,1786]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A male habitus (labelled as allotype), dorsal. B holotype female habitus, dorsal. C paratype female habitus, dorsal. D–F labels from type tubes. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145895/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
): body length 6.67. Carapace 3.62 long, 2.61 wide. Opisthosoma 3.05 long, 1.92 wide. Female 2: body length 5.02. Carapace 2.34 long, 1.83 wide. Opisthosoma 2.68 long, 1.84 wide. Female 3: body length 4.96. Carapace 2.59 long, 1.90 wide. Opisthosoma 2.37 long, 1.53 wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC54854DFF1FFC4AFCFDFBE2" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFF1FFC4AFE88FC1E" bold="true" box="[199,273,907,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC54854DFEC1FC4AFDD4FC1E" author="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S." box="[281,589,907,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" pagination="248 - 447" refId="ref10844" refString="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S. (1980) Lycosidae (wolf-spiders). Fauna India (Araneae), 1, 248 - 447." type="journal article" year="1980">Tikader & Malhotra (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described this species based on male and female specimens collected from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FFF82AEC54854DFF4FFC6EFEBCFC72" box="[151,293,943,969]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Detailed examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC54854DFDB7FC6EFD33FC72" box="[623,682,943,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC54854DFD17FC6EFCE6FC72" authorityName="Tikader & Malhotra" authorityYear="1980" box="[719,895,943,969]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trochosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFD17FC6EFD46FC73" box="[719,735,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFD35FC6EFCE6FC72" box="[749,895,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">himalayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows that it has diagnostic features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC54854DFAE7FC6EFA0CFC72" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[1343,1429,943,969]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFAE7FC6EFA0CFC72" box="[1343,1429,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Arctosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including terminal apophysis with two parts, epigyne with conspicuous atrium divided by median septum, and similar structural organisation of internal duct system as seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC54854DFCBEFC36FB79FBAA" authority="(Fabricius, 1777)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[870,1248,1015,1041]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinerea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFCBEFC36FB8FFBAB" box="[870,1046,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Arctosa cinerea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC54854DFBFDFC36FB41FBAA" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[1061,1240,1015,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" pagination="249 - 250" refId="ref8976" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1777) Genera insectorum eorumque characteres naturales, secundum numerum, figuram, situm et proportionem omnium partium oris; adjecta mantissa specierum nuper detectarum. Michael Friedrich Bartsch, Chilonii [Kiel], 310 pp. (Araneae, pp. 152 + 249 - 250). https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 119827" type="book chapter" year="1777">Fabricius, 1777</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC54854DFACCFC36FADDFBAA" box="[1300,1348,1015,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of the genus (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A4DEC54854DFE4BFBDAFD9AFB8E" box="[403,515,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,182,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arctosa dhikala comb. et nom. nov., types of Trochosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A–C male right palp (labelled as allotype): A ventral, B ventral enlarged; C retrolateral enlarged. D–F genitalia of female holotype (D) and paratype (E–F): D epigyne intact, ventral, E epigyne after cleared in 10% KOH, ventral, F vulva of the same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–F, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145897/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Fig. 2B–F</figureCitation>
|
||
with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC54854DFD99FBDAFC89FB8E" author="Buchar, J. & Knoflach, B. & Thaler, K." box="[577,784,1051,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" pagination="329 - 336" refId="ref8561" refString="Buchar, J., Knoflach, B. & Thaler, K. (2006) On the identity of Arctosa varians C. L. Koch and Arctosa similis Schenkel, with notes on related species. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 13 (9), 329 - 336." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Buchar
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFD4FFBDAFD56FB8E" box="[663,719,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 25–26;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC54854DFC45FBDAFBC5FB8E" author="Wang, L. Y. & Marusik, Y. M. & Zhang, Z. S." box="[925,1116,1051,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" pagination="53 - 68" refId="ref11069" refString="Wang, L. Y., Marusik, Y. M. & Zhang, Z. S. (2012) Notes on three poorly known Arctosa species from China (Araneae: Lycosidae). Zootaxa, 3404 (1), 53 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3404.1.2" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFC3BFBDAFB83FB8E" box="[995,1050,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 12A–E). Based on these observations, we propose to transfer
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC54854DFDEBFBFEFD7AFBE2" authorityName="Tikader & Malhotra" authorityYear="1980" box="[563,739,1087,1113]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trochosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFDEBFBFEFDDAFBE3" box="[563,579,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFD89FBFEFD7AFBE2" box="[593,739,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">himalayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC54854DFCDFFBFEFCC4FBE2" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[775,861,1087,1113]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFCDFFBFEFCC4FBE2" box="[775,861,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Arctosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC54854DFF1FFBA2FBFBFB7E" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">
|
||
By transferring
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC54854DFEA0FBA2FDB1FBC6" authorityName="Tikader & Malhotra" authorityYear="1980" box="[376,552,1123,1149]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trochosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFEA0FBA2FE11FBC7" box="[376,392,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFE4EFBA2FDB1FBC6" box="[406,552,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">himalayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC54854DFD94FBA2FD3BFBC6" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[588,674,1123,1149]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFD94FBA2FD3BFBC6" box="[588,674,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Arctosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it becomes a secondary junior homonym in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC54854DFB42FBA2FB69FBC6" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[1178,1264,1123,1149]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFB42FBA2FB69FBC6" box="[1178,1264,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Arctosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as the name is preoccupied with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D4BEC54854DFE85FB46FCEAFB1A" authority="Tikader & Malhotra, 1980" authorityName="Tikader & Malhotra" authorityYear="1980" box="[349,883,1159,1185]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFE85FB46FDD2FB1A" box="[349,587,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Arctosa himalayensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC54854DFD89FB46FCEAFB1A" author="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S." box="[593,883,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" pagination="248 - 447" refId="ref10844" refString="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S. (1980) Lycosidae (wolf-spiders). Fauna India (Araneae), 1, 248 - 447." type="journal article" year="1980">Tikader & Malhotra, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC54854DFC58FB46FB38FB1A" author="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S." box="[896,1185,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" pagination="248 - 447" refId="ref10844" refString="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S. (1980) Lycosidae (wolf-spiders). Fauna India (Araneae), 1, 248 - 447." type="journal article" year="1980">Tikader & Malhotra 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC54854DFB73FB46FF4DFB7E" author="World Spider Catalog" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" refId="ref11219" refString="World Spider Catalog (2023) World Spider Catalog. Version 24.5. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 18 September 2023) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2023">World Spider Catalog 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to ICZN Article 60.3 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC54854DFD82FB6AFD79FB7E" author="ICZN" box="[602,736,1195,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" refId="ref9199" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp. Available from: http: // www. iczn. org / iczn / index. jsp (accessed 24 March 2023)" type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we propose a replacement name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC54854DFF1FFB0EFBEEFA5E" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">
|
||
The ZSI collection has three glass tubes for this species. A tube labelled as ‘holotype’ (4660/18) contains
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD41EC54854DFAACFB0EFF7AFAB6" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
specimen in good condition, with intact genitalia. A second tube labelled as ‘paratype’ (4661/18) contains
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD41EC54854DFF4FFAD6FEBBFA8A" box="[151,290,1303,1329]" count="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="female">three female</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD41EC54854DFE80FAD6FE24FA8A" box="[344,445,1303,1329]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
specimens in good condition (but the label mentions only ‘three females’). The genitalia of one of the females was found to be dissected and kept in a small glass vial in the same tube. A third tube labelled as ‘allotype’ (4662/18) contains
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD41EC54854DFDD0FA9EFDF6FAC2" box="[520,623,1375,1401]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
specimen in fairly good condition, with broken legs. Its right palp was found to be removed and kept in a small glass vial in the same tube. In the original description, a single registration number was assigned for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC54854DFE02FA66FDA6FA7A" box="[474,575,1447,1473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC54854DFD91FA66FD30FA7A" box="[585,681,1447,1473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC54854DFD07FA66FCA0FA7A" box="[735,825,1447,1473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC54854DFC9EFA66FBF0FA7A" author="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S." box="[838,1129,1447,1473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" pagination="248 - 447" refId="ref10844" refString="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S. (1980) Lycosidae (wolf-spiders). Fauna India (Araneae), 1, 248 - 447." type="journal article" year="1980">Tikader & Malhotra 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, the labels in the type vials mention separate registration numbers for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC54854DFCD7FA0AFCEDFA5E" box="[783,884,1483,1509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC54854DFCA7FA0AFC46FA5E" box="[895,991,1483,1509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480886AEC54854DFBCDFA0AFBEAFA5E" box="[1045,1139,1483,1509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3216543EC54854DFF1FFA2FFCE0F9B2" box="[199,889,1518,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436C8EC54854DFF1FFA2FFCE0F9B2" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1545]" box="[199,889,1518,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEADAEC54854DFF1FFA2FFEF8F9B3" bold="true" box="[199,353,1518,1544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32C7658EC54854DFEBFFA2EFE38F9B2" box="[359,417,1519,1545]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FFF82AEC54854DFE77FA2EFDA7F9B2" box="[431,574,1519,1545]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="4" pageNumber="537">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B39EC54854DFD91FA2EFCF4F9B2" author="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S." box="[585,877,1519,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="537" pagination="248 - 447" refId="ref10844" refString="Tikader, B. K. & Malhotra, M. S. (1980) Lycosidae (wolf-spiders). Fauna India (Araneae), 1, 248 - 447." type="journal article" year="1980">Tikader & Malhotra 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |