299 lines
40 KiB
XML
299 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8FEFFC2E0711FB21C8F87946BB01C982">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="53E82C17103C4EDDF7F75595239384FC">Ebert, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5B0BA7CBB4ECAED17E50402CD6B2AEA8">Wintner, Sabine P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="748EF19196A3F6DEA9E026AB68659F09">Kyne, Peter M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3499438583432E61B29A4BDB8F426C26">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FA52C34E02C1174C83E7D251B1035B2D">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3598E5DD08845DB3432C369C6154E4DB">4947</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039287A1955FFFB9CFF75C07FDEB21BF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687906" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181006826" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687906" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A1955FFFB9CFF75C07FDEB21BF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287A1955FFFB9CFF75C07FDEB21BF" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection id="C321653C955FFFB8CFF75C07FDB1264B" box="[151,584,1546,1573]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B7955FFFB8CFF75C07FDB1264B" blockId="54.[151,1437,1546,2041]" box="[151,584,1546,1573]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="D0CC81DB955FFFB8CFF75C07FDB1264B" bold="true" box="[151,584,1546,1573]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34955FFFB8CFF75C07FDB1264B" ID-CoL="3F43C" ID-ENA="86063" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[151,584,1546,1573]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Triakidae" genus="Galeorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CFF75C07FDB1264B" bold="true" box="[151,584,1546,1573]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CFF75C07FE83264A" bold="true" box="[151,378,1546,1573]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Galeorhinus galeus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CEEA5C07FDC6264B" author="Linnaeus" box="[394,575,1546,1572]" firstAuthor="Linnaeus" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref108777" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae, Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C321653C955FFFB8CFF75C23FEC12627" box="[151,312,1582,1608]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B7955FFFB8CFF75C23FEC12627" blockId="54.[151,1437,1546,2041]" box="[151,312,1582,1608]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Soupfin Shark</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C321653C955FFFB8CFF75C5FFCEA2797" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B7955FFFB8CFF75C5FFECD26DA" blockId="54.[151,1437,1546,2041]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2B1199955FFFB8CFF75C5FFECD26DA" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A6955FFFB8CFF75C5FFDC02603" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3919083" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3919083" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0AC141C8-E23E-4C56-B917-DA4A8B9F30CF" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[151,569,1618,1645]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/586686E9B647EEDE19E2A911AE7698F7" page="234" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1758">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34955FFFB8CFF75C5FFDC02603" ID-CoL="6ZDXJ" authority="Linnaeus, 1758: 234" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="234" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,569,1618,1645]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Triakidae" genus="Squalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CFF75C5FFEBB2603" box="[151,322,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Squalus galeus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CE2B5C5FFDC02603" author="Linnaeus" box="[331,569,1618,1645]" firstAuthor="Linnaeus" page="234" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref108777" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae, Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758: 234</bibRefCitation>
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. No known types.
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<typeStatus id="54808815955FFFB8CC715C5EFC892602" box="[785,880,1619,1645]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
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designated by
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A6955FFFB8CB7F5C5FFB132603" author="Fricke, R." box="[1055,1258,1618,1644]" page="16" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CB7F5C5FFB132603" author="Fricke" box="[1055,1258,1618,1644]" firstAuthor="Fricke" page="16" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref101510" refString="Fricke, R. (1999 a) Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Reunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an Annotated Checklist, with Descriptions of New Species. Theses Zoologicae. Vol. 31. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, 759 pp." type="book" year="1999" yearSuffix="a">Fricke, 1999a: 16</bibRefCitation>
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, but withdrawn in
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A6955FFFB8CF895C7BFE3926FF" author="Fricke, R." box="[233,448,1654,1680]" page="639" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CF895C7BFE3926FF" author="Fricke" box="[233,448,1654,1680]" firstAuthor="Fricke" page="639" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="639 - 640" refId="ref101600" refString="Fricke, R. (2000) Invalid neotypes. Copeia, 2000 (2), 639 - 640. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / 0045 - 8511 (2000) 000 [0640: ENAN] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2000">Fricke, 2000: 639</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Type locality: Mediterranean Sea and Northeastern Atlantic [original: “in Oceano Europe”].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8436B7955FFFB8CFF75CB3FCEA2797" blockId="54.[151,1437,1546,2041]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CFF75CB3FEA526B7" bold="true" box="[151,348,1726,1752]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Local synonymy</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34955FFFB8CE0D5CB3FDF926B7" ID-CoL="3F4XT" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[365,512,1726,1752]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Triakidae" genus="Galeorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canis">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CE0D5CB3FDF926B7" box="[365,512,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Galeus canis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A6955FFFB8CD715CB3FD4626B6" box="[529,703,1726,1753]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CD715CB3FD4626B6" author="Gray" box="[529,703,1726,1753]" firstAuthor="Gray" page="52" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref103629" refString="Gray, J. E. (1851) List of the Specimens of Fish in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Chondropterygii. British Museum (Natural History), London, 160 pp." type="book" year="1851">Gray, 1851: 52</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CDAD5CB3FC5426B7" author="Gilchrist" box="[717,941,1726,1752]" firstAuthor="Gilchrist" page="163" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="97 - 179" refId="ref102454" refString="Gilchrist, J. D. F. (1902) Catalogue of fishes recorded from South Africa. Cape of Good Hope, Department of Agriculture, Marine Investigations in South Africa, 1, 97 - 179." type="journal article" year="1902">Gilchrist 1902: 163</bibRefCitation>
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.
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34955FFFB8CCDA5CB3FA6E26B7" ID-CoL="3F4XT" authority=": Thompson, 1914: 140" authorityName="Thompson" authorityPageNumber="140" authorityYear="1914" box="[954,1431,1726,1753]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Triakidae" genus="Galeorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canis">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CCDA5CB3FB7326B7" box="[954,1162,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Galeorhinus canis</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CBFA5CB3FA6E26B7" author="Thompson, W. W." box="[1178,1431,1726,1752]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="132 - 167" refId="ref117072" refString="Thompson, W. W. (1914) Catalogue of the fishes of the Cape Province (Pt 1). Marine Biological Report, Cape Town, 2 (8), 132 - 167." type="journal article" year="1914">Thompson, 1914: 140</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CFA65CEFFE6B2693" author="Barnard" box="[198,402,1762,1789]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="28" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 418" refId="ref92438" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418." type="journal article" year="1925">Barnard, 1925: 28</bibRefCitation>
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||
, fig. 3, pl. 1;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CD465CEEFCEA2693" author="von Bonde, C." box="[550,787,1762,1789]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="4 - 109" refId="ref117901" refString="von Bonde, C. (1933) Report no 10 for the year ending December, 1932. Report of Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey for 1932, including lists of fishes, etc., lists of stations of the R. S. Africana, and salinity results obtained during 1932. Union of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Report, 10, 1933, 4 - 109." type="journal article" year="1933">von Bonde, 1933: 40</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A6955FFFB8CC7F5CEEFBF52693" box="[799,1036,1762,1789]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CC7F5CEEFBF52693" author="von Bonde, C." box="[799,1036,1762,1789]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref117977" refString="von Bonde, C. (1934) Shark fishing as an industry. Union of South Africa, Department of Commerce and Industry, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Investigational Report, Series 2, 1 - 19." type="book chapter" year="1934">von Bonde, 1934: 14</bibRefCitation>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34955FFFB8CB775CEFFF1D274E" ID-CoL="3F43C" authority=": Fowler, 1936: 57" authorityName="Fowler" authorityPageNumber="57" authorityYear="1936" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Triakidae" genus="Galeorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CB775CEFFB0B2693" box="[1047,1266,1762,1788]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Galeorhinus galeus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CA615CEFFF1D274E" author="Fowler" firstAuthor="Fowler" page="57" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 605" refId="ref101239" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1936) The marine fishes of West Africa based on the collection of the American Museum Congo expedition, 1909 - 1915. Part 1. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 70 (1), 1 - 605." type="journal article" year="1936">Fowler, 1936: 57</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, fig. 14;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CE2C5D0BFDE6274F" author="Fowler" box="[332,543,1798,1824]" firstAuthor="Fowler" page="190" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 879" refId="ref101290" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1941) The fishes of the groups Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, Isospondyli, and Ostarophysi obtained by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries streamer " Albatross " in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Bulletin United States National Museum, 100, 1 - 879." type="journal article" year="1941">Fowler, 1941: 190</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CD4C5D0BFD05274F" author="Barnard" box="[556,764,1798,1824]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="10" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref92649" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1947) A Pictorial Guide to South African Fishes. Marine and Freshwater. Maskew Miller Ltd, Cape Town, 226 pp." type="book" year="1947">Barnard, 1947: 10</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs. 5, 5a, pl. 1;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CCAE5D0BFB6D274F" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[974,1172,1798,1824]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref114538" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp." type="book" year="1949">Smith, 1949a: 44</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; fig. 15;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CB9C5D0BFF0A272A" author="Smith, J. L. B." pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="585 - 592" refId="ref115166" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1957 b) A new shark from Zanzibar, with notes on Galeorhinus Blainville. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 10 (116), 585 - 592. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935708656002" type="journal article" year="1957">Smith, 1957b: 586</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 1, pl. 18;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CEF15D27FD87272B" author="D'Aubrey" box="[401,638,1834,1860]" firstAuthor="D'Aubrey" page="21" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 95" refId="ref96632" refString="D'Aubrey, J. D. (1964 a) Preliminary guide to the sharks found off the east coast of South Africa. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Investigational Report, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">D’Aubrey, 1964a: 21</bibRefCitation>
|
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, pl. 7;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CDA85D27FC7E272B" author="Davies" box="[712,903,1834,1860]" firstAuthor="Davies" page="48" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref97185" refString="Davies, D. H. (1964) About Sharks and Shark Attack. Shuter & Shooter, Pietermaritzburg, 257 pp." type="book" year="1964">Davies, 1964: 48</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CCF25D27FBBE272B" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[914,1095,1834,1861]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref115700" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp." type="book" year="1965">Smith, 1965: 44</bibRefCitation>
|
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; fig. 15;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CBC85D27FF1D2707" author="Smith, J. L. B. & Smith, M. M." pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref115867" refString="Smith, J. L. B. & Smith, M. M. (1966) Fishes of the Tsitsikama National Park. National Parks Board Trust, Pretoria, 161 pp." type="book" year="1966">Smith & Smith, 1966: 21</bibRefCitation>
|
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, fig.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CE465D42FDE42707" author="Bass" box="[294,541,1870,1897]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bass" page="20" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref92970" refString="Bass, A. J., D'Aubrey, J. D. & Kistnasamy, N. (1975 b) Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa. III. The families Carcharhinidae (excluding Mustelus and Carcharhinus) and Sphyrnidae. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 38, 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="1975" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
Bass
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CE025D42FE6D2707" box="[354,404,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
|
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., 1975b: 20
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 14, pl. 1;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CDA35D42FC472707" author="Van der Elst" box="[707,958,1870,1897]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref117147" refString="Van der Elst, R. (1981) A Guide to the Common Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. C. Struik, Cape Town, 367 pp." type="book" year="1981">van der Elst, 1981: 40</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CC9F5D43FAF22707" author="Compagno" box="[1023,1291,1870,1896]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="386" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="251 - 655" refId="ref95496" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1984 b) FAO Species Catalogue. Sharks of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. Vol. 4. No. 125. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655." type="book chapter" year="1984" yearSuffix="b">Compagno, 1984b: 386</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CA2C5D42FEA027E3" author="Bass, A. J. & Compagno, L. J. V." editor="Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C." journalOrPublisher="Macmillan, Johannesburg" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="104 - 105" refId="ref93292" refString="Bass, A. J. & Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Echinorhinidae, Proscyllidae, Odontaspidiidae, Mitsukurinidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 63 + 103 + 104 - 105." title="Families Echinorhinidae, Proscyllidae, Odontaspidiidae, Mitsukurinidae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Smith's Sea Fishes" year="1986">
|
||
Bass
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CAE85D42FF2527E3" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1986: 78
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 9.20;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CEB85D7FFD1C27E3" author="Compagno" box="[472,741,1906,1932]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="249" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref95624" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1988 a) Sharks of the Order Carcharhiniformes. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 486 pp." type="book" year="1988" yearSuffix="a">Compagno, 1988a: 249</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CD925D7FFBDE27E2" author="Compagno" box="[754,1063,1906,1933]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
|
||
Compagno
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CC165D7EFC5027E3" box="[886,937,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1989: 56
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CB025D7FFA6E27E3" author="Compagno" box="[1122,1431,1906,1933]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="84" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="43 - 139" refId="ref96066" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Cowley, P. D. (1991) Distribution of offshore demersal cartilaginous fishes (class Chondrichthyes) of the west coast of southern Africa, with notes on their systematics. South African Journal of Marine Science, 11, 43 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 025776191784287664" type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||
Compagno
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CB865D7EFAE027E3" box="[1254,1305,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
|
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., 1991: 84
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CFA65D9BFE3A27DF" author="Compagno" box="[198,451,1942,1968]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="119" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref95720" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406" type="journal article" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 119</bibRefCitation>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CEAF5D9AFCC627DF" author="Heemstra & Heemstra" box="[463,831,1942,1969]" firstAuthor="Heemstra" page="63" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref104374" refString="Heemstra, P. C. & Heemstra, E. (2004) Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa. National Inquiry Service Centre and South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, 488 pp." type="book" year="2004">Heemstra & Heemstra, 2004: 63</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CC2B5D9BFB7027DF" author="Compagno" box="[843,1161,1942,1969]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="262" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref95897" refString="Compagno, L., Dando, M. & Fowler, S. (2005) Field Guide to the Sharks of the World. Harper Collins Publishers Ltd, London, 368 pp." type="book" year="2005">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A6955FFFB8CC2B5D9BFBA827DE" box="[843,1105,1942,1969]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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Compagno
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CCAE5D9AFC0627DF" box="[974,1023,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
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., 2005
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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: 262
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig., pl. 44;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CA795D9BFEFB27BB" author="Ebert, D. A. & Fowler, S. & Compagno, L. J. V." pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref99433" refString="Ebert, D. A., Fowler, S. & Compagno, L. J. V. (2013) Sharks of the World: A Fully Illustrated Guide to the Sharks of the World. Wild Nature Press, Plymouth, 528 pp." type="book" year="2013">
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Ebert
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CA3D5D9AFA7727DF" box="[1373,1422,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
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., 2013
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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a: 408, fig., pl. 46;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CEB05DB6FD6B27BB" author="Mann" box="[464,658,1978,2005]" firstAuthor="Mann" page="287" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref109360" refString="Mann, B. Q. (2013) Southern African marine linefish species profiles. Oceanographic Research Institute, Special Publication, 9, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="2013">Mann, 2013: 287</bibRefCitation>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CDFD5DB7FCA227BB" author="NPOA" box="[669,859,1978,2004]" firstAuthor="NPOA" page="43" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref110949" refString="NPOA. (2013) National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks). Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Rogge Bay, Cape Town, 63 pp." type="book" year="2013">NPOA, 2013: 43</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A6955FFFB8CC065DB7FB8627BB" box="[870,1151,1978,2005]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CC065DB7FB8627BB" author="da Silva" box="[870,1151,1978,2005]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="da Silva" page="248" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="233 - 248" refId="ref96965" refString="da Silva C., Booth, A. J., Dudley, S. F. J., Kerwath, S. E., Lamberth, S. J., Leslie, R. W., McCord, M. E., Sauer, W. H. H. & Zweig, T. (2015) A description and updated overview of the status and management of South Africa's chondrichthyan fisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 233 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1044471" type="journal article" year="2015">
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da Silva
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955FFFB8CCA75DB6FC0E27BB" box="[967,1015,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
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., 2015: 248
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A6955FFFB8CBEA5DB7FF0A2796" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CBEA5DB7FF0A2796" author="Ebert & van Hees" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="145" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. & van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the " Lost Sharks " of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 145</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CF9F5DD3FDF02797" author="Compagno" box="[255,521,2014,2040]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="1276" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref95819" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (2016) Sharks. In: Carpenter, K. E. & De Angelis, N. (Eds.), The Living Marine Resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 2. Bivalves, Gastropods, Hagfishes, Sharks, Batoid Fishes, and Chimaeras. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Rome, pp. 1122 - 1336." type="book" year="2016">Compagno, 2016: 1276</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955FFFB8CD755DD3FCF62797" author="Weigmann, S." box="[533,783,2014,2040]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 882</bibRefCitation>
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.
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:
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||
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72955EFFB9CD185B0FFD352173" box="[632,716,258,284]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
|
||
99195,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72955EFFB9CC475B0FFC822173" box="[807,891,258,284]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
|
||
99196.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321653C955EFFB9CFF75B2BFC1A212F" box="[151,995,294,321]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436B7955EFFB9CFF75B2BFC1A212F" blockId="55.[151,1437,150,465]" box="[151,995,294,321]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955EFFB9CFF75B2BFE2A212F" bold="true" box="[151,467,294,320]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">South African distribution</emphasis>
|
||
: The Orange River (NC) to East London (EC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321653C955EFFB9CFF75B47FB1521C3" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436B7955EFFB9CFF75B47FB1521C3" blockId="55.[151,1437,150,465]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955EFFB9CFF75B47FEFD210B" bold="true" box="[151,260,330,356]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: Although wide-ranging globally, within the southern African region, this species appears to be mostly confined to South African waters, with only a few records north of the Orange River in Namibian waters. A highly migratory species, it shows strong segregation by sex and size (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46955EFFB9CCBA5B9FFB1921C3" author="Compagno" box="[986,1248,402,429]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="43 - 139" refId="ref96066" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Cowley, P. D. (1991) Distribution of offshore demersal cartilaginous fishes (class Chondrichthyes) of the west coast of southern Africa, with notes on their systematics. South African Journal of Marine Science, 11, 43 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 025776191784287664" type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||
Compagno
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955EFFB9CB3E5B9EFB7621C3" box="[1118,1167,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321653C955EFFB9CFF75BBBFDEB21BF" box="[151,530,438,465]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436B7955EFFB9CFF75BBBFDEB21BF" blockId="55.[151,1437,150,465]" box="[151,530,438,465]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5955EFFB9CFF75BBBFE7D21BF" bold="true" box="[151,388,438,464]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Conservation status</emphasis>
|
||
: CR (2020).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |