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<document id="FAC857E84E16CD9FEF9755F570C450AF" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.521.3.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540457" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1632982276434" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Alijanpoor, Behnaz, Khodayari, Hamed, Assadi, Mostafa, Rahiminejad, Mohammadreza &amp; Mehregan, Iraj" docDate="2021" docId="03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.521.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 521 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.521.3.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Rhamnus spathulifolia Fischer &amp; Meyer 1835" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="134" masterDocId="FFA9E5541F21FF949F103F41FFD3FFA1" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of Rhamnus L. and Atadinus Raf. (Rhamnaceae) in Iran" masterLastPageNumber="158" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="133" updateTime="1699416396290" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="8E7811A4AD6E9D90162A368CEC951DEA">A taxonomic revision of Rhamnus L. and Atadinus Raf. (Rhamnaceae) in Iran</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="130871CD04443654490DA3BAA03B4A6A">Alijanpoor, Behnaz</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6B33919BF54A1914BB3A98ADB310B3A9" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9698-2592</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="86B9270A2C9C2E957FB45A92249DF491">Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, 5 Km Khorramabad toward Tehran, P. O. Box 6815144316 - 465 Khorramabad, Iran. &amp; alijanpour. be @ fs. lu. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9698 - 2592</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A31D5E80D03F06F354B2B11194ED907C">Khodayari, Hamed</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F65C1BA4B9617954FD63ED0BF83FA942" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0614-2600</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="40EB08C69B216F893F649C9D10D5B87C">Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, 5 Km Khorramabad toward Tehran, P. O. Box 6815144316 - 465 Khorramabad, Iran. &amp; khodayari. h @ lu. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0614 - 2600</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="654975D87BECDB8056669B5136F96A3F" type="email">khodayari.h@lu.ac.ir</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="EF5D488F2194928426CF17ABBFE0D83D">Assadi, Mostafa</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="516D67B97EAC55B64D65BD71BD88DADC" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9014-585X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9B4BC116EC89982BC90B5C18276FA30F">Department of Botany, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P. O. Box 13185 - 116, Tehran, Iran. &amp; assadi @ rifr-ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9014 - 585 X</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CA0269DC7F48B76692755F1697EDB38C" type="email">assadi@rifr-ac.ir</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="BD6E729DC35CD5BD3CEC3D03175B1DF9">Rahiminejad, Mohammadreza</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D414ACAECE8D68AF907D92FB863E1E86" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2459-482X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="650D993DD63F00209EBFB74B15186944">Department of Biology, University of Isfahan, 81746 - 73441, Isfahan, Iran. &amp; mrr @ sci. ui. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2459 - 482 X</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2BC11F368D7C7C3DDEE70326FB6A83A1" type="email">mrr@sci.ui.ac.ir</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7CCE88CE0AED0F0B44ADBE7EBEC575AA">Mehregan, Iraj</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6AF361CA6A5CC8A402D7F706742B74D4" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5108-2558</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="89816C9B7221085286A34015A0760EE8">Department of Biology, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. &amp; iraj @ daad-alumni. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5108 - 2558</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2D13BE39B309CCD88583FE1F4FD2987F" type="email">iraj@daad-alumni.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="099FE12A04AA4C0FB1C1DC222D1F0738">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D3AE51B6F42DAC4E90E7E0A865DD059B">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FD39973A02E616791812D50693B9C4E8">521</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="21533B96CB5C0625F70CB4A21F3882B6">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.521.3.1</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="7CD2A9540C99460DC0F50F18EA07B8FF" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
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<paragraph id="8B862C3A1F27FF929F983EF9FD24FE72" blockId="6.[136,759,440,467]" box="[136,759,440,467]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<heading id="D0CE9B561F27FF929F983EF9FD24FE72" box="[136,759,440,467]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929F983EF9FF4EFE72" bold="true" box="[136,157,440,467]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F27FF929FB43EF9FD27FE72" ID-CoL="9DLBW" authority="Fischer &amp; Meyer (1835: 46)" authorityName="Fischer &amp; Meyer" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="1835" box="[164,756,440,467]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulifolia">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929FB43EF9FE7EFE72" bold="true" box="[164,429,440,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Rhamnus spathulifolia</emphasis>
Fischer &amp; Meyer (1835: 46)
</taxonomicName>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3237FB11F27FF929F983D40FC2EFC22" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B862C3A1F27FF929F983D40FF35FDE1" blockId="6.[136,1452,512,2087]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<materialsCitation id="3B5126671F27FF929F983D40FF31FDE1" collectingDate="2935-01-04" collectionCode="LE" country="Azerbaijan" county="Helenendorf" location="Elisabethpol" municipality="Gandscha" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929F983D40FF02FDBA" bold="true" box="[136,209,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<typeStatus id="548292981F27FF929F983D40FF02FDBA" box="[136,209,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Typus</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F27FF929FFE3D40FE4DFDBA" box="[238,414,513,539]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">AZERBAIJAN</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929EB53D40FDE5FDBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929EB53D40FDE5FDBA" box="[421,566,513,539]" country="Azerbaijan" county="Helenendorf" municipality="Gandscha" name="Elisabethpol" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Elisabethpol</location>
:
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929D2E3D40FD86FDBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929D2E3D40FD86FDBA" box="[574,597,513,539]" country="Azerbaijan" county="Helenendorf" municipality="Gandscha" name="In" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">In</location>
rupestribus ad rivulum
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2B6401F27FF929C483D40FC15FDBA" box="[856,966,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Gandscha</collectingMunicipality>
circa coloniam
<collectingCounty id="62E754B61F27FF929B633D40FB2CFDBA" box="[1139,1279,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Helenendorf</collectingCounty>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929A1C3D40FAE3FDBA" box="[1292,1328,513,539]" country="Brazil" name="Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologia" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">LE</collectionCode>
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929A243D41FA74FDBA" box="[1332,1447,512,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2935-01-04">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929A243D41FA74FDBA" box="[1332,1447,512,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2935-01-04">01042935</collectingDate>
</date>
, image!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B862C3A1F27FF929FAD3D09FC2EFC22" blockId="6.[136,1452,512,2087]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929FAD3D09FEB7FDC3" bold="true" box="[189,356,584,610]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Description—</emphasis>
Trees or shrubs,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929D363D09FD57FDC2" box="[550,644,584,611]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="3.25" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–5 m</quantity>
high, bark grey or rarely brown. Two
<typeStatus id="548292981F27FF929B563D08FB52FDC2" box="[1094,1153,585,611]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">types</typeStatus>
of branches: long (spiny) branches ending in spines or without spines, mostly with alternate leaves at the top; and short (scaly) branches bearing flowers or fruits and fasciculate leaves at the end. Leaves 10–35 ×
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929C6A3DD1FC34FD0A" box="[890,999,656,683]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="4.0">4–15 mm</quantity>
, coariceous, thick, sometime pubescent, polymorphic; base of leaves cuneate or narrowly cuneate; apex of leaves obtuse or rarely acute; margin with 5–12 pairs of teeth; primary lateral nerves almost erect, inconspicuous, (2–)3–6 pairs with 20–25 pairs of secondary lateral nerves; petioles
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929E543DBDFE61FCB6" box="[324,434,764,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="3.0">3–15 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent. Inflorescence fasciculate. Flowers polygamous on leaf axis,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929A273DBDFA7FFCB6" box="[1335,1452,764,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3 mm</quantity>
long; calyx
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929E1B3C60FE98FC9A" box="[267,331,801,827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long with acute apex; petals four or rarely two; anthers basifixed; disk very small; ovary mostly with 2(–3) locular and mostly with 2(–3) styls; peduncles glabrous. Fruits freshy, drupe, glabrous, in mature stage black, in immature stage green-red, with 2(–3) seeds, with 2(–3) deep (opened) furrows.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3237FB11F27FF939FAD3CCDFBDDFE5C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B862C3A1F27FF929FAD3CCDFB13FB66" blockId="6.[136,1452,512,2087]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929FAD3CCDFE8BFC07" bold="true" box="[189,344,908,934]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Discussion—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F27FF929E473CCCFDD5FC06" authorityName="Fischer &amp; Meyer" authorityYear="1835" box="[343,518,909,935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulifolia">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929E473CCCFDD5FC06" box="[343,518,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">R. spathulifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was reported as a hybrid species
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F27FF929C9B3CCCFAC6FC06" authority="Kusn." authorityName="Kusnezow" authorityYear="1892" box="[907,1301,909,935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="cathartica" variety="caucasica">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C9B3CCCFBCCFC06" box="[907,1055,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">R. cathartica</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929B4A3CCCFB19FC07" box="[1114,1226,909,934]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">caucasica</emphasis>
Kusn.
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929A0E3CCCFAFDFC06" bold="true" box="[1310,1326,909,935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">×</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F27FF929A263CCCFEBAFC6A" authority="Fisch. &amp; C. A. Mey." authorityName="Fisch. &amp; C. A. Mey." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallasii">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929A263CCCFA78FC06" box="[1334,1451,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">R. pallasii</emphasis>
Fisch. &amp; C. A. Mey.
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA851CB1F27FF929E673CF0FD09FC6A" author="Browicz, K. &amp; Zielinski, J." box="[375,730,944,971]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" pagination="14 - 25" refId="ref27615" refString="Browicz, K. &amp; Zielinski, J. (1977) Rhamnaceae In: Rechinger, K. H. (Ed.) Flora Iranica 157. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp. 14 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1977">Browicz &amp; Zielinski (1977: 25)</bibRefCitation>
but is here described as a species
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F27FF929B473CF0FF17FC4E" authority="Fisch. &amp; C. A. Mey." authorityName="Fisch. &amp; C. A. Mey." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulifolia">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929B473CF0FAD7FC6A" box="[1111,1284,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">R. spathulifolia</emphasis>
Fisch. &amp; C. A. Mey.
</taxonomicName>
, because plants are not depended on their parent, stable in their habitat and distributed in low altitude (while the putative parents are distributed at high altitude). They are fertile and have mature fruit. Their distribution altitudes is ranged from
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929E083B5CFE82FB96" box="[280,337,1053,1079]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
to
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929E643B5DFE18FB96" box="[372,459,1052,1079]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
, which is a possible reason for polymorphic leaves, including narrow elliptic, lanceolate, ramoide and so on. Plants of
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F27FF929EC23B00FD53FBFA" box="[466,640,1089,1115]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulifolia">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929EC23B00FD53FBFA" box="[466,640,1089,1115]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">R. spathulifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also have a different habit in different altitudes: erect with a few spines at low altitudes and shrubby with some spins at high altitudes. Sometimes their fruits are differed in size and color and two sizes of leaves could be observed. There are also some specimens with many thick and long spins. Of course, there is a few differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F27FF929EDD3BECFD93FB66" box="[461,576,1197,1223]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallasii">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929EDD3BECFD93FB66" box="[461,576,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">R. pallasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F27FF929D673BECFCDFFB66" box="[631,780,1197,1223]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulata">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929D673BECFCDFFB66" box="[631,780,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">R. spathulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genetically (Hauenschild
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929B213BECFBB9FB66" box="[1073,1130,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">et al.</emphasis>
, 2016).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B862C3A1F27FF929FAD3B91FC70FB4A" blockId="6.[136,1452,512,2087]" box="[189,931,1232,1259]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929FAD3B91FE31FB4B" bold="true" box="[189,482,1232,1259]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Habitat and distribution</emphasis>
—Endemic to N
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F27FF929DB03B90FD37FB4A" box="[672,740,1233,1259]" name="Iran" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">IRAN</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F27FF929C0A3B90FC4EFB4A" box="[794,925,1233,1259]" name="Armenia" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">ARMENIA</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B862C3A1F27FF929FAD3BB4FCC5FADA" blockId="6.[136,1452,512,2087]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F27FF929FAD3BB4FEBFFAAE" box="[189,364,1269,1295]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulifolia">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929FAD3BB4FEBFFAAE" box="[189,364,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">R. spathulifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an Euro-Siberian element of
<collectingRegion id="49FDE2D81F27FF929DCA3BB4FCC8FAAE" box="[730,795,1269,1295]" country="Iran" name="Gilan" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Gilan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FDE2D81F27FF929C383BB4FC5FFAAE" box="[808,908,1269,1295]" country="Iran" name="Golestan" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Golestan</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49FDE2D81F27FF929CD53BB4FB9CFAAE" box="[965,1103,1269,1295]" country="Iran" name="Mazandaran" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Mazandaran</collectingRegion>
Provinces of N
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F27FF929A1C3BB4FAEAFAAE" box="[1292,1337,1269,1295]" name="Iran" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Iran</collectingCountry>
(rarely in
<collectingRegion id="49FDE2D81F27FF929F983A58FF08FA95" box="[136,219,1305,1332]" country="Iran" name="Tehran" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Tehran</collectingRegion>
). It grows at an altitude of
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929D103A59FD52FA92" box="[512,641,1304,1331]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="760.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="20.0">20–1500 m</quantity>
, between 49° and
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929C5B3A59FC5AFA92" box="[843,905,1304,1331]" degrees="56" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="55555" value="56.0">56° E</geoCoordinate>
and between 36° and
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929B6D3A58FB6CFA92" box="[1149,1215,1305,1331]" degrees="37" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="55555" value="37.0">37° N</geoCoordinate>
on sandy coastal and forest habitats in different habit with polymorphic leaves. It is related to
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F27FF929CB73A7CFBCAFAF6" box="[935,1049,1341,1367]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallasii">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929CB73A7CFBCAFAF6" box="[935,1049,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">R. pallasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F27FF929B5D3A7CFB0DFAF6" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1101,1246,1341,1367]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cathartica">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929B5D3A7CFB0DFAF6" box="[1101,1246,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">R. cathartica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is also reported from
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F27FF929FD53A20FEE5FADA" box="[197,310,1377,1403]" name="Turkey" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F27FF929E513A20FE4DFADA" box="[321,414,1377,1403]" name="Kenya" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">KENYA</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F27FF929EC33A20FD87FADA" box="[467,596,1377,1403]" name="Armenia" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">ARMENIA</collectingCountry>
under this name.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B862C3A1F27FF929FAD3AC4FC18FA3E" blockId="6.[136,1452,512,2087]" box="[189,971,1413,1439]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929FAD3AC4FEEAFA3E" bold="true" box="[189,313,1413,1439]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Phenology</emphasis>
—Flowering is in May, fruits and seeds maturie in August.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B862C3A1F27FF939FAD3AE9FCC5FE84" blockId="6.[136,1452,512,2087]" lastBlockId="7.[136,1452,158,293]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929FAD3AE9FE05FA62" bold="true" box="[189,470,1448,1475]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Examined specimens—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5126671F27FF929EC63AE9FC8CF93B" collectingDate="1995-06-21" collectingDateMax="2017-05-03" collectingDateMin="1995-06-21" collectionCode="H" collectorName="Alijanpoor &amp; Taheri" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" elevation="165" latitude="37.4" location="Km" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" specimenCode="TARI 103864, TARI 103862, TARI 103891" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gilan">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929EC63AE9FDA1FA63" bold="true" box="[470,626,1448,1474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F27FF929EC63AE9FDF3FA63" box="[470,544,1448,1474]" name="Iran" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">IRAN</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49FDE2D81F27FF929D3F3AE9FDA1FA63" box="[559,626,1448,1474]" country="Iran" name="Gilan" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Gilan</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCounty id="62E754B61F27FF929D943AE8FCD8FA62" box="[644,779,1449,1475]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">From Rasht</collectingCounty>
towards
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2B6401F27FF929C683AE8FC1FFA62" box="[888,972,1449,1475]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Rudbar</collectingMunicipality>
, 2
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929CE33AE8FBCEFA62" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929CE33AE8FBCEFA62" box="[1011,1053,1449,1475]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Km" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">Km</location>
towards
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929B9A3AE8FAF2FA62" bold="true" box="[1162,1313,1449,1475]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929B9A3AE8FAF2FA62" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929B9A3AE8FAF2FA62" box="[1162,1313,1449,1475]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Rostamabad" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">Rostamabad</location>
</emphasis>
, pasturage– forest habitat,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929E3C3A8FFE6BFA46" box="[300,440,1485,1513]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="58" value="49.432777">49°25ʹ58ʺ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929ED53A8FFD86FA46" box="[453,597,1485,1513]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="57" value="36.74917">36°44ʹ57ʺ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929D723A8DFD37FA46" box="[610,740,1484,1511]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="165.0" valueMax="170.0" valueMin="160.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929D723A8DFD37FA46" box="[610,740,1484,1511]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="165.0" valueMax="170.0" valueMin="160.0">160–170 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929DE23A8CFC5EFA46" box="[754,909,1485,1511]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-05-03">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929DE23A8CFC5EFA46" box="[754,909,1485,1511]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-05-03">03 May 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C8A3A8CFB30FA47" box="[922,1251,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929C8A3A8CFBC0FA46" box="[922,1043,1485,1511]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Alijanpoor</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929B2A3A8CFB60FA46" box="[1082,1203,1485,1511]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Alijanpoor</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9F84411F27FF929BE33A8CFA48FA46" box="[1267,1435,1484,1511]" collectionCode="TARI" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">TARI 103864</specimenCode>
!);
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929F983AB1FF21F9AB" bold="true" box="[136,242,1520,1546]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectingRegion id="49FDE2D81F27FF929F983AB1FF21F9AB" box="[136,242,1520,1546]" country="Iran" name="Golestan" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Golestan</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929E103AB0FDCCF9AB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929E103AB0FDCCF9AB" box="[256,543,1520,1547]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Around Aliabad-e-Katul" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">
Around
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929E4D3AB1FDCCF9AB" bold="true" box="[349,543,1520,1546]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Aliabad-e-Katul</emphasis>
</location>
, beside the
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929DB63AB0FCF7F9AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929DB63AB0FCF7F9AA" box="[678,804,1521,1547]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Negarestan" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">Negarestan</location>
dam, forest habitat,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929B1C3AB3FB45F9AA" box="[1036,1174,1521,1549]" degrees="54" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="48" value="54.879997">54°52ʹ48ʺ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929BB33AB3FAFEF9AA" box="[1187,1325,1521,1549]" degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="25" value="36.873608">36°52ʹ25ʺ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929A2A3AB0FA50F9AA" box="[1338,1411,1521,1547]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="180.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929A2A3AB0FA50F9AA" box="[1338,1411,1521,1547]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929A9F3AB0FED4F98E" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-04-30">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929A9F3AB0FED4F98E" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-04-30">30 April 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929E043954FD8DF98F" box="[276,606,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929E043954FE5EF98E" box="[276,397,1557,1583]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Alijanpoor</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929EA53954FDFDF98E" box="[437,558,1557,1583]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Alijanpoor</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9F84411F27FF929D7E3954FCC5F98E" box="[622,790,1556,1583]" collectionCode="TARI" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">TARI 103862</specimenCode>
!); 10
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929C443954FCADF98E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929C443954FCADF98E" box="[852,894,1557,1583]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Km" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">Km</location>
from
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929CD73954FBCDF98E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929CD73954FBCDF98E" box="[967,1054,1557,1583]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Kalaleh" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">Kalaleh</location>
towards
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929B983954FA9BF98E" bold="true" box="[1160,1352,1557,1583]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929B983954FA9BF98E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929B983954FA9BF98E" box="[1160,1352,1557,1583]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Maraveh Tapeh" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">Maraveh Tapeh</location>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929A473954FA78F98E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929A473954FA78F98E" box="[1367,1451,1557,1583]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Eastern" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">Eastern</location>
slope, forest and sandy habitat,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929EE8397BFD57F9F2" box="[504,644,1593,1621]" degrees="55" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="15" value="55.62083">55°37ʹ15ʺ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929D83397BFCF0F9F2" box="[659,803,1593,1621]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="20" value="37.57222">37°34ʹ20ʺ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929C213978FCAEF9F2" box="[817,893,1593,1619]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="210.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929C213978FCAEF9F2" box="[817,893,1593,1619]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="210.0">210 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929C9C3978FBE3F9F2" box="[908,1072,1593,1619]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-04-30">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929C9C3978FBE3F9F2" box="[908,1072,1593,1619]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-04-30">30 April 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929B2E3978FA8AF9F3" box="[1086,1369,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929B2E3978FB64F9F2" box="[1086,1207,1593,1619]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Alijanpoor</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929BF03978FAFBF9F2" box="[1248,1320,1593,1619]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Taheri</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9F84411F27FF929A7A3978FF35F9D6" collectionCode="TARI" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">TARI 103891</specimenCode>
!);
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929E11391CFE41F9D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929E11391CFE41F9D6" box="[257,402,1629,1655]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Northeastern" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">Northeastern</location>
border of the
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929D2D391DFC8EF9D6" bold="true" box="[573,861,1628,1655]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectingRegion id="49FDE2D81F27FF929D2D391DFD74F9D7" box="[573,679,1628,1654]" country="Iran" name="Golestan" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Golestan</collectingRegion>
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929DA1391DFC8EF9D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929DA1391DFC8EF9D6" box="[689,861,1628,1655]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="National Park" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">National Park</location>
</emphasis>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929C7F391CFC78F9D6" box="[879,939,1629,1655]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
of
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929CC7391DFBBCF9D7" bold="true" box="[983,1135,1628,1654]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929CC7391DFBBCF9D7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929CC7391DFBBCF9D7" box="[983,1135,1628,1654]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Mirza-Baylu" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">Mirza-Baylu</location>
</emphasis>
towards
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929BCC391CFA83F9D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929BCC391CFA83F9D6" box="[1244,1360,1629,1655]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Soolegerd" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">Soolegerd</location>
, Jakhti-
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929F9839C0FF18F93A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929F9839C0FF18F93A" box="[136,203,1665,1691]" country="Iran" county="From Rasht" latitude="37.4" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="56.183334" municipality="Rudbar" name="Kalan" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Gilan">Kalan</location>
pass,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929E0439C1FE51F93A" box="[276,386,1664,1693]" degrees="56" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="925" value="56.183334">56° 11ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929E8039C0FDD0F93A" box="[400,515,1665,1693]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="925" value="37.4">37 °24ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929D0039C1FDB9F93A" box="[528,618,1664,1691]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1850.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929D0039C1FDB9F93A" box="[528,618,1664,1691]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1850.0">1850 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929D6739C0FCEDF93A" box="[631,830,1664,1691]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1995-06-21" valueMax="1995-06-22" valueMin="1995-06-21">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929D6739C0FCEDF93A" box="[631,830,1664,1691]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1995-06-21" valueMax="1995-06-22" valueMin="1995-06-21">21–22 June 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929C5B39C0FC8CF93B" box="[843,863,1665,1690]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C5B39C0FC8CF93B" box="[843,863,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">H</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C7039C0FCB4F93B" box="[864,871,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5126671F27FF929C7F39C0FCEBF87F" accessionNumber="W 02537, W 02539, W 08336, W 08327" collectingDate="1937-09-20" collectingDateMax="2017-05-04" collectingDateMin="1937-09-20" collectionCode="W, S, E" collectorName="Akhani &amp; From Babolsar &amp; Bahnamir &amp; Alijanpoor &amp; Hosseini &amp; Gauba &amp; Mirdamadi &amp; Sabeti &amp; From Karaj &amp; Siah &amp; Siah Bisheh &amp; Nothtern &amp; Azizi &amp; From Sari &amp; Neka &amp; Western &amp; In &amp; Talar &amp; Gaduk &amp; Abbasabad &amp; Persian" country="Iran" county="Akhani" elevation="1500" latitude="36.664448" location="Soolegerd" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="53.335556" municipality="Northeastern" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" specimenCode="TARI 103844, TARI 103885, 103892, TARI 103863, W 6353" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mazandaran">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C7F39C0FC3DF93B" box="[879,1006,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectingCounty id="62E754B61F27FF929C7F39C0FC6DF93A" box="[879,958,1665,1691]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Akhani</collectingCounty>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<accessionNumber id="946AB1D91F27FF929CEF39C0FBA7F93A" box="[1023,1140,1664,1691]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/W02537" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="EnaNcbi">
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929CEF39C0FBC8F93A" box="[1023,1051,1665,1691]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
02537
</accessionNumber>
!);
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2B6401F27FF929B9E39C0FAF1F93A" box="[1166,1314,1665,1691]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Northeastern</collectingMunicipality>
, ca.
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929A4839C1FA40F93A" box="[1368,1427,1664,1691]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929A8C39C1FF2DF91F" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929A8C39C1FA7FF93B" box="[1436,1452,1664,1690]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929F9839E5FF2DF91F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929F9839E5FF2DF91F" box="[136,254,1700,1726]" country="Iran" county="Akhani" latitude="36.664448" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="53.335556" municipality="Northeastern" name="Soolegerd" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Mazandaran">Soolegerd</location>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929E1D39E4FE1EF91E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929E1D39E4FE1EF91E" box="[269,461,1701,1727]" country="Iran" county="Akhani" latitude="36.664448" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="53.335556" municipality="Northeastern" name="Degarmanli river" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Mazandaran">Degarmanli river</location>
bed,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929D1B39E7FDBCF91E" box="[523,623,1701,1729]" degrees="56" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="925" value="56.133335">56°08ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929D6B39E7FD30F91E" box="[635,739,1701,1729]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="925" value="37.4">37°24ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929DFF39E5FC95F91E" box="[751,838,1700,1727]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1500.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929DFF39E5FC95F91E" box="[751,838,1700,1727]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929C4239E4FC34F91E" box="[850,999,1700,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1995-07-10">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929C4239E4FC34F91E" box="[850,999,1700,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1995-07-10">10 July 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929CE239E4FBA3F91F" box="[1010,1136,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929CE239E4FB92F91E" box="[1010,1089,1701,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Akhani</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929B6F39E4FB48F91E" box="[1151,1179,1701,1727]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
02539!);
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929A1A39E4FA77F91E" bold="true" box="[1290,1444,1701,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectingRegion id="49FDE2D81F27FF929A1A39E4FA77F91E" box="[1290,1444,1701,1727]" country="Iran" name="Mazandaran" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Mazandaran</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929F983988FEEAF942" box="[136,313,1737,1763]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
From
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929FDE3988FEEAF942" bold="true" box="[206,313,1737,1763]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Babolsar</emphasis>
</collectorName>
towards
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929EB43988FDC7F942" box="[420,532,1737,1763]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Bahnamir</collectorName>
, near to
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929D6A3988FCCBF942" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929D6A3988FCCBF942" box="[634,792,1737,1763]" country="Iran" county="Akhani" latitude="36.664448" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="53.335556" municipality="Northeastern" name="Mirod village" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Mazandaran">Mirod village</location>
, sandy beach habitat,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929B00398BFB4AF942" box="[1040,1177,1737,1765]" degrees="52" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="31" value="52.741943">52°44ʹ31ʺ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929BB7398BFAE4F942" box="[1191,1335,1737,1765]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="13" value="36.72028">36°43ʹ13ʺ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929A543989FA52F942" box="[1348,1409,1736,1763]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="45.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929A543989FA52F942" box="[1348,1409,1736,1763]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="45.0">45 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929A9F3988FF2FF8A6" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-05-02">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929A9F3988FF2FF8A6" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-05-02">02 May 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929E1639ACFDFCF8A7" box="[262,559,1773,1799]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929E1639ACFEACF8A6" box="[262,383,1773,1799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Alijanpoor</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929EB139ACFDD0F8A7" box="[417,515,1773,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Hosseini</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9F84411F27FF929D2D39ACFD31F8A6" box="[573,738,1773,1799]" collectionCode="TARI" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">TARI 103844</specimenCode>
!); in delivibus boreal, jugi
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929B1439ADFB85F8A7" bold="true" box="[1028,1110,1772,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Gaduk</emphasis>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929B7439ACFB69F8A6" box="[1124,1210,1773,1799]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1900.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929B7439ACFB69F8A6" box="[1124,1210,1773,1799]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929BD439ACFADEF8A6" box="[1220,1293,1773,1799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Gauba</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929A3F39ACFA78F8A6" box="[1327,1451,1773,1799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Mirdamadi</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929F983850FF7CF88B" box="[136,175,1809,1834]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">s.n.</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929FD03850FF0FF88A" box="[192,220,1809,1835]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
08336!);
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929E5F3850FE18F88A" bold="true" box="[335,459,1809,1835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Kelardash</emphasis>
t,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929EF43850FDEDF88A" box="[484,574,1809,1835]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929EF43850FDEDF88A" box="[484,574,1809,1835]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929D5C3850FD39F88A" box="[588,746,1809,1835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1998-05-29">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929D5C3850FD39F88A" box="[588,746,1809,1835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1998-05-29">29 May 1998</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929DE73850FC93F88A" box="[759,832,1809,1835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Gauba</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929C793850FC7CF88A" box="[873,943,1809,1835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Sabeti</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929CA93850FC0CF88B" box="[953,991,1809,1834]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">s.n.</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929CE13850FBDEF88A" box="[1009,1037,1809,1835]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
08327!);
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929B903850FADDF88B" box="[1152,1294,1808,1835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
From
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929BD63851FADDF88B" bold="true" box="[1222,1294,1808,1834]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Karaj</emphasis>
</collectorName>
towards
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929A6A3850FA7FF88A" box="[1402,1452,1809,1835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Siah</collectorName>
bisheh, ca.
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929E183874FE83F8EE" box="[264,336,1845,1871]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
after
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929E843874FDCFF8EE" box="[404,540,1845,1871]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Siah Bisheh</collectorName>
dam,
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929D733874FD14F8EE" box="[611,711,1845,1871]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Nothtern</collectorName>
slope, forest habitat,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929CAC3877FB94F8EE" box="[956,1095,1845,1873]" degrees="51" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="12" value="51.32">51°19ʹ12ʺ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929B443877FB30F8EE" box="[1108,1251,1845,1873]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="48" value="36.213333">36°12ʹ48ʺ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929BFF3875FA94F8EE" box="[1263,1351,1844,1871]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1500.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929BFF3875FA94F8EE" box="[1263,1351,1844,1871]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929A443874FF10F8D2" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-05-04">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929A443874FF10F8D2" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-05-04">04 May 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929FC13818FE0FF8D3" box="[209,476,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929FC13818FE99F8D2" box="[209,330,1881,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Alijanpoor</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929E653818FE78F8D2" box="[373,427,1881,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Azizi</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9F84411F27FF929EFE3818FD42F8D2" box="[494,657,1880,1907]" collectionCode="TARI" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">TARI 103885</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9F84411F27FF929D8F3818FD2EF8D2" box="[671,765,1881,1907]" collectionCode="TARI" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">103892</specimenCode>
!);
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929C083818FC42F8D3" box="[792,913,1880,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
From
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C4F3819FC42F8D3" bold="true" box="[863,913,1880,1906]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Sari</emphasis>
</collectorName>
towards
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929CEE3818FBEFF8D2" box="[1022,1084,1881,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Neka</collectorName>
, before
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929B8C3818FB04F8D2" box="[1180,1239,1881,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Neka</collectorName>
industrial city, on the hills,
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929FE7383CFE81F836" box="[247,338,1917,1943]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Western</collectorName>
slope, forest and sandy habitat,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929DC4383FFCB2F836" box="[724,865,1917,1945]" degrees="53" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="08" value="53.335556">53°20ʹ08ʺ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D4AFD1F27FF929C62383FFBD0F836" box="[882,1027,1917,1945]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="52" value="36.664448">36°39ʹ52ʺ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929B02383DFB81F836" box="[1042,1106,1916,1943]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="75.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929B02383DFB81F836" box="[1042,1106,1916,1943]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="75.0">75 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929B71383CFAD1F836" box="[1121,1282,1917,1943]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-05-02">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929B71383CFAD1F836" box="[1121,1282,1917,1943]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="2017-05-02">02 May 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929A01383CFECFF81B" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929A01383CFA59F836" box="[1297,1418,1917,1943]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Alijanpoor</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929F9838E0FF39F81B" box="[136,234,1953,1978]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Hosseini</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9F84411F27FF929E3A38E0FE1CF81A" box="[298,463,1952,1979]" collectionCode="TARI" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">TARI 103863</specimenCode>
!);
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929EF538E0FE2FF81A" box="[485,508,1953,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">In</collectorName>
valle fluvi
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929D6938E0FD6AF81A" bold="true" box="[633,697,1953,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929D6938E0FD6AF81A" box="[633,697,1953,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Talar</collectorName>
</emphasis>
inter jugi
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929C3938E0FCA7F81A" box="[809,884,1953,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Gaduk</collectorName>
et
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929C8238E0FBDDF81A" box="[914,1038,1953,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Abbasabad</collectorName>
ca.
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929B2238E0FB59F81A" box="[1074,1162,1953,1979]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1800.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929B2238E0FB59F81A" box="[1074,1162,1953,1979]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929B8538E0FA81F81A" box="[1173,1362,1953,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1937-10-04">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929B8538E0FA81F81A" box="[1173,1362,1953,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1937-10-04">04 October 1937</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929A4B38E0FA51F81B" box="[1371,1410,1953,1978]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">s.n.</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9F84411F27FF929A8038E0FF1AF87E" collectionCode="W" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">W 6353</specimenCode>
!);
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929FF13885FE73F87F" bold="true" box="[225,416,1988,2014]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929FF13885FEE8F87F" box="[225,315,1988,2014]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Persian</collectorName>
borealis
</emphasis>
:
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929EA03884FDDAF87E" box="[432,521,1989,2015]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929EA03884FDDAF87E" box="[432,521,1989,2015]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929D093884FD25F87E" box="[537,758,1989,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1937-09-20">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929D093884FD25F87E" box="[537,758,1989,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1937-09-20">20 September 1937</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C113884FCEBF87F" box="[769,824,1989,2014]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
D.
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929C333884FCEBF87F" box="[803,824,1989,2014]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C273884FCE8F87F" box="[823,827,1989,2014]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5126671F27FF929C523884FC7DF7A3" collectingDate="1902-06-09" collectionCode="J" collectorName="Gotachenal" country="Iran" county="Gauba" elevation="2200" location="In" municipality="Plantae Gaubaeanae Iranica" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Alborz">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C523884FC5DF87E" box="[834,910,1989,2015]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectingCounty id="62E754B61F27FF929C523884FC5DF87E" box="[834,910,1989,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Gauba</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C8C3885FC07F87F" box="[924,980,1988,2014]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">1460</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2B6401F27FF929CCB3884FAC6F87E" box="[987,1301,1989,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Plantae Gaubaeanae Iranica</collectingMunicipality>
;
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929A303884FAE4F87E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929A303884FAE4F87E" box="[1312,1335,1989,2015]" country="Iran" county="Gauba" municipality="Plantae Gaubaeanae Iranica" name="In" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Alborz">In</location>
vally
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929A6D3884FE9EF7A2" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929A6D3884FA78F87E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929A6D3884FA78F87E" box="[1405,1451,1989,2015]" country="Iran" county="Gauba" municipality="Plantae Gaubaeanae Iranica" name="Lur" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Alborz">Lur</location>
montium
<collectingRegion id="49FDE2D81F27FF929FEC38A8FE9EF7A2" box="[252,333,2025,2051]" country="Iran" name="Alborz" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Elburs</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
occid ad pagum
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F27FF929D1F38A8FD42F7A2" box="[527,657,2025,2051]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Gotachenal</collectorName>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929D8D38A8FCE5F7A2" box="[669,822,2025,2051]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1902-06-09">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929D8D38A8FCE5F7A2" box="[669,822,2025,2051]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1902-06-09">09 June 1902</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929C5138A8FC4AF7A2" box="[833,921,2025,2051]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929C5138A8FC4AF7A2" box="[833,921,2025,2051]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929C8E38A8FC7DF7A3" box="[926,942,2025,2050]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C8E38A8FC7DF7A3" box="[926,942,2025,2050]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">J</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929CBD38A8FC62F7A3" box="[941,945,2025,2050]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5126671F27FF929CA938A8FB14F7A2" box="[953,1223,2024,2051]" collectionCode="W" country="Iran" location="Bornmuller" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929CA938A8FB54F7A3" box="[953,1159,2024,2051]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929CA938A8FBE9F7A2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929CA938A8FBE9F7A2" box="[953,1082,2025,2051]" country="Iran" name="Bornmuller" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Bornmüller</location>
65034
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929B8838A8FB69F7A2" box="[1176,1210,2025,2051]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B5126671F27FF929BC438A9FCCCF787" collectingDate="1902-07-06" collectionCode="J" country="Iran" county="In" elevation="2200" location="Elbur" municipality="Lur" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929BC438A9FA57F7A3" bold="true" box="[1236,1412,2024,2050]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F27FF929BC438A9FACCF7A3" box="[1236,1311,2024,2050]" name="Iran" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Persia</collectingCountry>
borealis
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCounty id="62E754B61F27FF929A8438A8FA78F7A2" box="[1428,1451,2025,2051]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">In</collectingCounty>
valle
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929FD5374CFE61F786" bold="true" box="[197,434,2060,2087]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2B6401F27FF929FD5374CFF20F786" box="[197,243,2061,2087]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Lur</collectingMunicipality>
montium
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929E7C374CFE61F786" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929E7C374CFE61F786" box="[364,434,2061,2087]" country="Iran" county="In" municipality="Lur" name="Elbur" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Elbur</location>
</emphasis>
s
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929ED3374CFDDAF786" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929ED3374CFDDAF786" box="[451,521,2061,2087]" country="Iran" county="In" municipality="Lur" name="Occid" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Occid</location>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F27FF929D03374CFDBAF786" box="[531,617,2061,2087]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F27FF929D03374CFDBAF786" box="[531,617,2061,2087]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F27FF929D63374DFCD6F786" box="[627,773,2060,2087]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1902-07-06">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F27FF929D63374DFCD6F786" box="[627,773,2060,2087]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" value="1902-07-06">06 July 1902</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929C1F374CFCCCF787" box="[783,799,2061,2086]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C1F374CFCCCF787" box="[783,799,2061,2086]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">J</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929C0F374CFC3FF786" box="[799,1004,2061,2087]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">. et A. Borrnmϋller</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929CE9374CFBDFF787" box="[1017,1036,2061,2086]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">J.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5126671F27FF929B02374CFAC3F786" box="[1042,1296,2060,2087]" collectionCode="W" country="Iran" location="Bornmuller" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF929B02374CFB02F787" box="[1042,1233,2060,2087]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<location id="8EE67AE11F27FF929B02374CFB40F786" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F27FF929B02374CFB40F786" box="[1042,1171,2061,2087]" country="Iran" name="Bornmuller" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Bornmüller</location>
6558
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F27FF929BF1374CFAD0F786" box="[1249,1283,2061,2087]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B5126671F27FF939A0B374DFAD5FF19" collectingDate="1974-10-03" collectionCode="V" country="Armenia" county="Abovyan" elevation="1350" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="134" location="Azat." municipality="Gami" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F27FF939A0B374DFF29FF19" bold="true" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F27FF929A0B374DFA75F787" box="[1307,1446,2060,2086]" name="Armenia" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">ARMENIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingCounty id="62E754B61F26FF939F983FDFFF26FF19" box="[136,245,158,184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Abovyan</collectingCounty>
,
</emphasis>
ad meridiem versus a vico
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2B6401F26FF939D213FDFFDBCFF19" box="[561,623,158,184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Gami</collectingMunicipality>
in valle fluminis
<location id="8EE67AE11F26FF939C253FDFFCA7FF19" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F26FF939C253FDFFCA7FF19" box="[821,884,158,184]" country="Armenia" county="Abovyan" municipality="Gami" name="Azat." pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Azat.</location>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F26FF939C903FDFFBCEFF18" box="[896,1053,158,185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" unit="m" value="1350.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="1200.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F26FF939C903FDFFBCEFF18" box="[896,1053,158,185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" unit="m" value="1350.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="1200.0">1200–1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F26FF939B393FDFFB39FF19" box="[1065,1258,158,184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" value="1974-10-03">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F26FF939B393FDFFB39FF19" box="[1065,1258,158,184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" value="1974-10-03">03 October 1974</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F26FF939BE53FDEFAD5FF19" box="[1269,1286,159,184]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" type="Museum">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939BE53FDEFAD5FF19" box="[1269,1286,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">V</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939A163FDEFAD9FF19" box="[1286,1290,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5126671F26FF939A013FDFFAD4FF7D" accessionNumber="W 00785" collectingDate="1974-10-07" collectionCode="W, V" country="Armenia" county="Vasak" elevation="1550" location="Arzni" municipality="Aboryan" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939A013FDFFA53FF19" box="[1297,1408,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
<collectingCounty id="62E754B61F26FF939A013FDFFA81FF19" box="[1297,1362,158,184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Vasak</collectingCounty>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F26FF939A803FDFFA7FFF19" box="[1424,1452,158,184]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
00785!);
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939FE03F83FEB3FF7D" bold="true" box="[240,352,194,220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2B6401F26FF939FE03F83FE88FF7D" box="[240,347,194,220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Aboryan</collectingMunicipality>
,
</emphasis>
ad vicum
<location id="8EE67AE11F26FF939ECB3F83FDCDFF7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F26FF939ECB3F83FDCDFF7D" box="[475,542,194,220]" country="Armenia" county="Vasak" municipality="Aboryan" name="Arzni" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Arzni</location>
, in declivibus vallis fluminis,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F26FF939C693F83FBCBFF7C" box="[889,1048,194,221]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" unit="m" value="1550.0" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="1500.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F26FF939C693F83FBCBFF7C" box="[889,1048,194,221]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" unit="m" value="1550.0" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500–1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F26FF939B363F83FB3AFF7D" box="[1062,1257,194,220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" value="1974-10-07">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F26FF939B363F83FB3AFF7D" box="[1062,1257,194,220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" value="1974-10-07">07 October 1974</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F26FF939BE63F82FAD4FF7D" box="[1270,1287,195,220]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" type="Museum">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939BE63F82FAD4FF7D" box="[1270,1287,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">V</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939A173F82FAD8FF7D" box="[1287,1291,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5126671F26FF939A033F83FDDFFE85" collectingDate="1974-10-04" collectionCode="V" collectorName="Byurakan." country="Armenia" county="Vasak" elevation="1550" location="Aragac" municipality="Ashtarak" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" specimenCode="G 335973" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939A033F83FA56FF7D" box="[1299,1413,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
<collectingCounty id="62E754B61F26FF939A033F83FA87FF7D" box="[1299,1364,194,220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Vasak</collectingCounty>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9F84411F26FF939A863F83FF35FEA0" collectionCode="G" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" type="Herbarium">G 335973</specimenCode>
!);
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939FEC3FA7FEBFFEA1" bold="true" box="[252,364,230,256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2B6401F26FF939FEC3FA7FEBFFEA1" box="[252,364,230,256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Ashtarak</collectingMunicipality>
</emphasis>
, in declivibus montis,
<location id="8EE67AE11F26FF939D783FA7FD6FFEA1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F26FF939D783FA7FD6FFEA1" box="[616,700,230,256]" country="Armenia" county="Vasak" municipality="Ashtarak" name="Aragac" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Aragac</location>
, in valle fluminis
<location id="8EE67AE11F26FF939C923FA7FC32FEA1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F26FF939C923FA7FC32FEA1" box="[898,993,230,256]" country="Armenia" county="Vasak" municipality="Ashtarak" name="Amberd" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Amberd</location>
, situ austro–occidental a vico
<collectorName id="26CC49EC1F26FF939A213FA7FA7BFEA1" box="[1329,1448,230,256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Byurakan.</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="4CC181DF1F26FF939F983E4BFEF6FE84" box="[136,293,266,293]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" unit="m" value="1550.0" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="1500.0">
<elevation id="0014CB091F26FF939F983E4BFEF6FE84" box="[136,293,266,293]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" unit="m" value="1550.0" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500–1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF870AFA1F26FF939E213E4BFE23FE85" box="[305,496,266,292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" value="1974-10-04">
<collectingDate id="EFC3F3121F26FF939E213E4BFE23FE85" box="[305,496,266,292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" value="1974-10-04">04 October 1974</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F26FF939EEB3E4AFDDFFE85" box="[507,524,267,292]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" type="Museum">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939EEB3E4AFDDFFE85" box="[507,524,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">V</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939D1C3E4AFDC3FE85" box="[524,528,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5126671F26FF939D073E4BFCC1FE84" accessionNumber="W 11495" box="[535,786,266,293]" collectionCode="W" country="Armenia" location="Vasak" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939D073E4BFD55FE85" box="[535,646,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
<location id="8EE67AE11F26FF939D073E4BFD8BFE85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03909D2C1F27FF939F983EF9FBDDFE5C:8EE67AE11F26FF939D073E4BFD8BFE85" box="[535,600,266,292]" country="Armenia" name="Vasak" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Vasak</location>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28B4FF1F26FF939D843E4BFD63FE85" box="[660,688,266,292]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
11495!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B862C3A1F26FF939FAD3E13FBDDFE5C" blockId="7.[136,1452,338,509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
The specimens from the exsiccate series Inter transcaspica–persicum 648 (in
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F26FF939B4D3E12FB03FECC" box="[1117,1232,339,365]" name="Turkey" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
) were reported
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F26FF939A833E12FEC5FE31" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulifolia">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939A833E12FEC5FE31" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">R. spathulifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in this review is recognized as
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F26FF939DA93E36FCE1FE31" box="[697,818,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallasii">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939DA93E36FCE1FE31" box="[697,818,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">R. Pallasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F26FF939C943E36FC3AFE31" box="[900,1001,375,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sintenisii">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939C943E36FC3AFE31" box="[900,1001,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">sintenisii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of the larger number of spine, shape and size of leaves, and the specimens of (W 10219!) (in
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F26FF939C653EDBFC0AFE15" box="[885,985,410,436]" name="Kenya" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">KENYA</collectingCountry>
), (W 0007562!) (in
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F26FF939BD43EDBFA97FE15" box="[1220,1348,410,436]" name="Georgia" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">GEORGIA</collectingCountry>
) and (W 088536, 0007563 0007564!) (in
<collectingCountry id="F32E6CAA1F26FF939EED3EFFFD51FE79" box="[509,642,446,472]" name="Armenia" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">ARMENIA</collectingCountry>
) were reported as
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F26FF939C4A3EFEFBDAFE79" box="[858,1033,446,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulifolia">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939C4A3EFEFBDAFE79" box="[858,1033,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">R. spathulifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in this rewiew are identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C3957B91F26FF939F983EA3FEC0FE5D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[136,275,482,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cathartica">
<emphasis id="B94DF0281F26FF939F983EA3FEC0FE5D" box="[136,275,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">R.cathartica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of the shape of the leaves and the number of lateral nerves.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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