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<document id="1EC1B13F7D6B58DAB7EA0F2D7C553709" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3639.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5262629" ID-ZooBank="32584FBD-212B-4042-BCEF-04C698D71117" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629852224371" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="KUZMIN, YURIY" docDate="2013" docId="039087A9FFB3FF8809F0FF50ABEDCBC5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03639p076.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3639 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3639.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Rhabdias agkistrodonis Sharpilo 1976" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FFA9FFD1FFAFFF950967FFC7AF45CA69" masterDocTitle="Review of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda) from the Holarctic" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1699121570991" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="435F6BC6970620A9526C05C436AD78E8">Review of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda) from the Holarctic</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFB3FF8909F0FF50AD2BCAD8" blockId="28.[151,622,151,210]" box="[151,622,151,177]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0CE81D3FFB3FF8909F0FF50AD2BCAD8" bold="true" box="[151,622,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB3FF8909F0FF50AD2BCAD8" authority="Sharpilo, 1976" authorityName="Sharpilo" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,622,151,177]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="agkistrodonis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB3FF8909F0FF50AD2BCAD8" bold="true" box="[151,622,151,177]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB3FF8909F0FF50AEF6CAD8" bold="true" box="[151,435,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Rhabdias agkistrodonis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFFB3FF8908DDFF50AD2BCAD8" author="Sharpilo, V. P." box="[442,622,151,177]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref44648" refString="Sharpilo, V. P. (1976) Parasitic worms of reptilians of the fauna of the USSR. Kiev, Naukova Dumka, 287 pp." type="book" year="1976">Sharpilo, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3236534FFB3FF8809F0FF7DABEDCBC5" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFB3FF8909F0FF7DAFBDCABB" blockId="28.[151,622,151,210]" box="[151,248,186,210]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
(
<figureCitation id="13022A3AFFB3FF8909F8FF7DAFB4CABB" box="[159,241,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1476,1499]" captionTargetBox="[170,1403,557,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-336@28.[151,1436,536,1461]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. R. agkistrodonis: A—general view; B—head end, apical view; C—anterior part of body, lateral view; D—tail end, lateral view. Scale bars: A—0.5 mm; B—0.05 mm; C, D—0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262653/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFB3FF8909F0FEC5ABE7CB71" blockId="28.[151,1186,258,280]" box="[151,1186,258,280]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Syn.:
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB3FF8909B5FEC5AE11CB71" box="[210,340,258,280]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB3FF8909B5FEC5AE0ACB71" box="[210,335,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Rhabdias sp</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicName>
(in
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFFB3FF89081AFEC4AD6DCB71" author="Hasegawa, H." box="[381,552,258,280]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref42018" refString="Hasegawa, H. (1985) Helminth parasites of reptiles from Okinawa, Japan. Biological Magazine Okinawa, 23, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1985">Hasegawa, 1985</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB3FF890B5CFEC5AC2ECB71" authority="Hsu, 1933" authorityName="Hsu" authorityYear="1933" box="[571,875,258,280]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="annulosa">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB3FF890B5CFEC5ADB8CB71" box="[571,765,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Rhabdias annulosa</emphasis>
Hsu, 1933
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB3FF890A1DFEC4ACF7CB71" box="[890,946,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFFB3FF890ADEFEC5ABDECB71" author="Bogdanov, O. P. &amp; Lutta, A. S. &amp; Markov, G. S. &amp; Ryjikov, K. M." box="[953,1179,258,280]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="179 - 183" refId="ref40745" refString="Bogdanov, O. P., Lutta, A. S., Markov, G. S. &amp; Ryjikov, K. M. (1969) New data on fauna of parasites of the Pallasian mumushi Ancistrodon halys (Reptilia, Crotalidae). Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal, 48, 179 - 183. (In Russian)." type="journal article" year="1969">
Bogdanov
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB3FF890D40FEC4AB1ECB71" box="[1063,1115,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
, 1969
</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFB3FF8909F0FE81AE59CBE8" blockId="28.[151,1437,325,493]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Hosts:
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB3FF89098AFE82AB5ECB34" box="[237,1051,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB3FF89098AFE82AE95CB34" authorityName="Mcdiarmid, Campbell &amp; Toure" authorityYear="1999" box="[237,464,325,349]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Gloydius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blomhoffi">Gloydius blomhoffi</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB3FF890884FE82AD0DCB34" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[483,584,325,349]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Gloydius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="halys">G. halys</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB3FF890B3BFE82AC21CB34" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[604,868,325,349]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Protobothrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">Protobothrops elegans</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB3FF890A1FFE81AB5ECB34" baseAuthorityName="Hallowell" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[888,1051,325,349]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Protobothrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavoviridis">P. flavoviridis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB3FF890D55FE82ABD4CB34" box="[1074,1169,325,349]" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Reptilia</taxonomicName>
: Serpentes:
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB3FF890C40FE82AADDCB34" box="[1319,1432,325,349]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Viperidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB3FF8909F0FEAEAE54CBE8" box="[151,273,361,385]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Crotalinae">Crotalinae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFB3FF8909A0FE4AAEB3CBCC" blockId="28.[151,1437,325,493]" box="[199,502,397,421]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Site: posterior part of lung.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFB3FF8909A0FE76AD8FCB84" blockId="28.[151,1437,325,493]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Distribution: Eastern Palaearctic (mainland part and
<collectingRegion id="49FDF85DFFB3FF890A76FE76AC33CBA0" box="[785,886,433,457]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
Island,
<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFFB3FF890AA9FE76AB56CBA0" box="[974,1043,433,457]" name="Japan" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Japan</collectingCountry>
). Occurrence in Central Palaearctic (
<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFFB3FF8909F9FE12AE61CB84" box="[158,292,469,493]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
) is presumed but needs confirmation.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF466637FFB3FF8909F0FA03AC31CF90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262653" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5262653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262653/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[151,250,1476,1499]" targetBox="[170,1403,557,1439]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFB3FF8909F0FA03AC31CF90" blockId="28.[151,1436,1476,1529]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB3FF8909F0FA03AE64CFB2" bold="true" box="[151,289,1476,1499]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB3FF89084DFA01AE94CFB2" authorityName="Sharpilo" authorityYear="1976" box="[298,465,1477,1499]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="agkistrodonis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB3FF89084DFA01AE94CFB2" box="[298,465,1477,1499]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">R. agkistrodonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: A—general view; B—head end, apical view; C—anterior part of body, lateral view; D—tail end, lateral view. Scale bars: A—0.5 mm; B—0.05 mm; C, D—0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFB3FF8909A0F9E6AB2ECDAC" blockId="28.[151,1437,1569,2026]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Description (after Kuzmin, 1999). Body length 5.24 (4.076.44) mm, body width 220 (133307). Head end rounded, tail end tapered. Body cuticle slightly swollen and transversely striated in anterior and posterior parts of body. Surface of cuticle finely longitudinally striated. Mouth opening round. Six lips in two lateral groups present. Papillae prominent. Vestibulum short. Buccal capsule wide, cup-shaped, 13 (1018) deep, 20 (1623) in outer diameter. Oesophagus relatively short, club-shaped, 266 (208300) long; posterior bulb 59 (4072) wide. Nerve ring encircling mid-region of oesophagus. Distance from anterior end of oesophagus to nerve ring 136 (91170), or 51.7 (4463.6) % of oesophagus length. Excretory glands slightly longer than oesophagus. Intestine wide, thickwalled. Rectum funnel-shaped, with thick walls and narrow lumen. Vulva pre-equatorial, 2.40 (1.963.15) mm from anterior end (45.6 [41.549.9] % of body length). Lips of vulva distinct. Uteri wide, sac-like, filled with numerous eggs (about
<quantity id="4CC19B5AFFB3FF8908FDF8A2AEA6CD14" box="[410,483,1893,1917]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="100.0">100 in</quantity>
largest specimens), most eggs containing fully developed larvae. Egg size 8289 × 4549 (after
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFFB3FF890848F84EAE9ECDC8" author="Sharpilo, V. P." box="[303,475,1929,1953]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref44648" refString="Sharpilo, V. P. (1976) Parasitic worms of reptilians of the fauna of the USSR. Kiev, Naukova Dumka, 287 pp." type="book" year="1976">Sharpilo, 1976</bibRefCitation>
). Ovaries narrow, slightly twisted. Tail short, with awl-like end formed by a short cuticular needle on the tip. Tail length 167 (91224), or 3.2 (2.04.1) % of body length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFB3FF8809A0F816AB58CB75" blockId="28.[151,1437,1569,2026]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1436,151,428]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Biology. Life cycle is of strongyloid
<typeStatus id="5482881DFFB3FF890B0AF815ADE5CD83" box="[621,672,2002,2026]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
, heterogony predominates. Females are much more numerous than males in the gonochoristic generation; male:female ratio was about 30:
<quantity id="4CC19B5AFFB2FF880A8DFF50AB5DCAC6" box="[1002,1048,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
laboratory cultures. At least the presence of males was observed to be necessary for reproduction. Up to
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FFB2FF880AB4FF7BAB6FCABD" box="[979,1066,188,212]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="egg">15 eggs</specimenCount>
were present in uteri of females (Kuzmin, 1999). Homo- and heterogonic infective larvae are similar in morphology, the former possess more prominent rhabditoid structure of oesophagus. Development in host is unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFB2FF8809A0FEE0AE81CBEE" blockId="29.[151,1436,151,428]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<materialsCitation id="3B513CE2FFB2FF8809A0FEE0AE85CBEE" country="Russia" county="Primorye region" location="Material" municipality="Island" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="31" stateProvince="Okinawa">
Material studied:
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FFB2FF8808F2FEE0AD74CB56" box="[405,561,295,319]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">15 specimens</specimenCount>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB2FF880B19FEEFAC49CB29" authorityName="Mcdiarmid, Campbell &amp; Toure" authorityYear="1999" box="[638,780,296,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Gloydius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blomhoffi">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB2FF880B19FEEFAC49CB29" box="[638,780,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">G. blomhoffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCounty id="62E74E33FFB2FF880A78FEE0AC9BCB56" box="[799,990,295,319]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Primorye region</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFFB2FF880A89FEE0AB78CB56" box="[1006,1085,295,319]" name="Russia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Russia</collectingCountry>
),
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FFB2FF880D32FEE0ABB5CB56" box="[1109,1264,295,319]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB2FF880C59FEEFAAD9CB29" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[1342,1436,296,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Gloydius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="halys">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB2FF880C59FEEFAAD9CB29" box="[1342,1436,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">G. halys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Altaiskiy Krai,
<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFFB2FF880836FE8BAEE5CB0D" box="[337,416,332,356]" name="Russia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Russia</collectingCountry>
),
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FFB2FF8808D3FE8BAD7ACB0D" box="[436,575,332,356]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB2FF880BE0FE8AADBFCB0D" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[647,762,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Protobothrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB2FF880BE0FE8AADBFCB0D" box="[647,762,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FFB2FF880A6EFE8BACD6CB0D" box="[777,915,332,356]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFB2FF880ABBFE8AAB3CCB0D" baseAuthorityName="Hallowell" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[988,1145,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Protobothrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavoviridis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB2FF880ABBFE8AAB3CCB0D" box="[988,1145,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. flavoviridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingRegion id="49FDF85DFFB2FF880DEFFE8BABAACB0D" box="[1160,1263,332,356]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2ACC5FFB2FF880D9FFE8BAA7ACB0D" box="[1272,1343,332,356]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Island</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFFB2FF880C2BFE8BAAD4CB0D" box="[1356,1425,332,356]" name="Japan" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Japan</collectingCountry>
).
<location id="8EE66064FFB2FF8809F0FEA8AFB3CBEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A9FFB3FF8809F0FF50ABEDCBC5:8EE66064FFB2FF8809F0FEA8AFB3CBEE" box="[151,246,367,391]" country="Russia" county="Primorye region" municipality="Island" name="Material" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="Okinawa">Material</location>
is stored in SIZK
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFB2FF8809A0FE53ABEDCBC5" blockId="29.[151,1436,151,428]" box="[199,1192,404,428]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
References:
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFFB2FF880835FE53AD12CBC5" author="Bogdanov, O. P. &amp; Lutta, A. S. &amp; Markov, G. S. &amp; Ryjikov, K. M." box="[338,599,404,428]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="179 - 183" refId="ref40745" refString="Bogdanov, O. P., Lutta, A. S., Markov, G. S. &amp; Ryjikov, K. M. (1969) New data on fauna of parasites of the Pallasian mumushi Ancistrodon halys (Reptilia, Crotalidae). Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal, 48, 179 - 183. (In Russian)." type="journal article" year="1969">
Bogdanov
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFB2FF8808ABFE52AD41CBC5" box="[460,516,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
(1969)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFFB2FF880B04FE53AC53CBC5" author="Sharpilo, V. P." box="[611,790,404,428]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref44648" refString="Sharpilo, V. P. (1976) Parasitic worms of reptilians of the fauna of the USSR. Kiev, Naukova Dumka, 287 pp." type="book" year="1976">Sharpilo (1976)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFFB2FF880A45FE53ACADCBC5" author="Hasegawa, H." box="[802,1000,404,428]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref42018" refString="Hasegawa, H. (1985) Helminth parasites of reptiles from Okinawa, Japan. Biological Magazine Okinawa, 23, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1985">Hasegawa (1985)</bibRefCitation>
, Kuzmin (1999).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>