158 lines
20 KiB
XML
158 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5A308B9A91BDE70C63FE5C65073365BB">Review of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda) from the Holarctic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2AB977B731DEAFFD4BA822559DE055A3">KUZMIN, YURIY</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F088A9ABA267EB81479E3AB6AE19A040">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C18F5DE0D4C1163EBC2EDF091E3FF3E4">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FFE744484336A881EB7828D48E15C704">2013-04-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="69B53FB83D501B9752BE99DA9E54A2C9">3639</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="56BBF6DF3CE753215224725418953921" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C3236534FF93FFA909F0FF50AC41CAD8" box="[151,772,151,177]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909F0FF50AC41CAD8" blockId="60.[151,772,151,210]" box="[151,772,151,177]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<heading id="D0CE81D3FF93FFA909F0FF50AC41CAD8" bold="true" box="[151,772,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF93FFA909F0FF50AC41CAD8" authority="Sharpilo et Vakker, 1972" authorityName="Sharpilo et Vakker" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,772,151,177]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Entomelas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="kazachstanica">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF93FFA909F0FF50AC41CAD8" bold="true" box="[151,772,151,177]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF93FFA909F0FF50AE8CCAD8" bold="true" box="[151,457,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Entomelas kazachstanica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA908B6FF50AC41CAD8" author="Sharpilo, V. P. & Vakker, V. G." box="[465,772,151,177]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="86 - 88" refId="ref44575" refString="Sharpilo, V. P. & Vakker, V. G. (1972) New species of the genus Entomelas Travassos, 1930 (Nematoda, Rhabdiasidae) - a lung parasite of sheltopuzik. Vestnik Zoologii, 6, 86 - 88." type="journal article" year="1972">Sharpilo et Vakker, 1972</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3236534FF93FFA909F0FF7DAA7DCFF9" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909F0FF7DAFBCCABB" blockId="60.[151,772,151,210]" box="[151,249,186,210]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13022A3AFF93FFA909F8FF7DAFB4CABB" box="[159,241,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,205,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-86@61.[167,1411,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 32. E. kazachstanica. Gravid: A—anterior part of body, lateral view; B—head end, lateral view; C—tail end, lateral view. Subgravid: D—head end, lateral view; E—anterior part of body, lateral view; F—tail end, lateral view; G—genital system, lateral view. Scale bars: A, E, G—0.2 mm; B, D—0.05 mm; C, F—0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262695/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909F0FEC5AE92CB5E" blockId="60.[151,1436,258,311]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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Synonyms:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF93FFA90876FEC5AB45CB71" authority="(Sharpilo et Vakker, 1972) Sharpilo, 1976" authorityName="Sharpilo" authorityYear="1976" baseAuthorityName="Sharpilo et Vakker" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[273,1024,258,280]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Paraentomelas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="kazachstanica">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF93FFA90876FEC5AD07CB71" box="[273,578,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Paraentomelas kazachstanica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA90B35FEC5AC13CB71" author="Sharpilo, V. P. & Vakker, V. G." box="[594,854,258,280]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="86 - 88" refId="ref44575" refString="Sharpilo, V. P. & Vakker, V. G. (1972) New species of the genus Entomelas Travassos, 1930 (Nematoda, Rhabdiasidae) - a lung parasite of sheltopuzik. Vestnik Zoologii, 6, 86 - 88." type="journal article" year="1972">Sharpilo et Vakker, 1972</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA90A01FEC5AB45CB71" author="Sharpilo, V. P." box="[870,1024,258,280]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref44648" refString="Sharpilo, V. P. (1976) Parasitic worms of reptilians of the fauna of the USSR. Kiev, Naukova Dumka, 287 pp." type="book" year="1976">Sharpilo, 1976</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF93FFA90D6AFEC5AECECB5E" authority="entomelas (Dujardin, 1845) sensu Baker (1980)" authorityName="entomelas (Dujardin, 1845) sensu Baker" authorityYear="1980" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Entomelas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="entomelas">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF93FFA90D6AFEC5ABA2CB71" box="[1037,1255,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Entomelas entomelas</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA90D91FEC5AAD0CB71" author="Dujardin, F." box="[1270,1429,258,280]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref41224" refString="Dujardin, F. (1845) Histoire Naturelle des Helminthes ou vers Intestinaux. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 654 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10123" type="book" year="1845">Dujardin, 1845</bibRefCitation>
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) sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA90861FEE6AECECB5E" author="Baker, M. R." box="[262,395,289,311]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="83 - 90" refId="ref40468" refString="Baker, M. R. (1980) Revision of Entomelas Travassos, 1930 (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) with a review of genera in the family. Systematic Parasitology, 1, 83 - 90. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00009853" type="journal article" year="1980">Baker (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(part.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909F0FEA3ADBDCB15" blockId="60.[151,1436,356,1424]" box="[151,760,356,380]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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Host:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF93FFA909BCFEA3AEE9CB15" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[219,428,356,380]" class="Reptilia" family="Anguidae" genus="Pseudopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apodus">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF93FFA909BCFEA3AEE9CB15" box="[219,428,356,380]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Pseudopus apodus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF93FFA908DDFEA3AD5CCB15" box="[442,537,356,380]" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Reptilia</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF93FFA90B43FEA3AD35CB15" box="[548,624,356,380]" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="60" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Sauria">Sauria</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF93FFA90B1DFEA3ADA9CB15" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[634,748,356,380]" class="Reptilia" family="Anguidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Anguidae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909A0FE40AE00CBF6" blockId="60.[151,1436,356,1424]" box="[199,325,391,415]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Site: lungs.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909A0FE6BAF9ECB8E" blockId="60.[151,1436,356,1424]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Distribution: Western and, partially, Central Palaearctic (south-eastern Europe, Caucasus, West of Central Asia).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909A0FE33AB29C939" blockId="60.[151,1436,356,1424]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Description. Adult hermaphrodites. Body slender. Head end rounded, tail end tapered. Body length 3.75 (3.01– 4.57) mm, maximum width 131 (110–188). Body cuticle inflated. Oral opening round. Buccal capsule almost hemispherical, with narrower basal part, 30 (28–32) deep and 36 (34–38) wide. Three of six teeth partially reduced. Oesophagus club-shaped, elongated, 561 (510–616) long (15.1 [12.9–18.3] % of body length). Width of posterior bulb 69 (60–80). Nerve ring at 192 (162–219) from anterior end of oesophagus (34.3 [29.7–41.4] % of oesophagus length). Excretory pore situated behind level of nerve ring. Excretory glands shorter than oesophagus. Intestine comparatively narrow, thick-walled. Proventriculus usually prominent. Vulva at 2.12 (1.87–2.35) mm from anterior end (52.7 [49.6–57.8] % of total length). Vulva lips distinct. Uteri tubular. Eggs numbering 3–15, with embryos on early cleavage stages. Ovaries almost straight, their proximal parts overlapping at vulva level. Tail conical, elongated, sharply pointed. Tail length 219 (186–243) (5.9 [4.7–8.1] % of body length).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909A0FC9BACE5CE25" blockId="60.[151,1436,356,1424]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Subadult hermaphrodites differing from adults by less developed muscular and hypodermal tissue on the anterior end, and by thin and smooth body cuticle. Body length 3.0 (2.05–3.40) mm, maximum width 73 (60–82). Buccal capsule barrel-shaped, 30 (28–34) deep and 35 (34–38) wide. Oesophagus 518 (429–567) long (17.5 [15.6– 24.1] % of body length). Bulb 57 (40–64) wide. Nerve ring at 184 (148–226) from anterior end of oesophagus (35.4 [32.3–45.7] % of oesophagus length). Vulva at 1.63 (1.12–1.85) mm from anterior end (54.2 [50.8–56.1] % of general length). Uteri short, tubular, empty. Proximal parts of syngonia overlapping at level of vulva. Tail 190 (130–222) long (6.4 [5.6–7.6] % of body length). Tail end sharpened.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909A0FB90AB6ACEB5" blockId="60.[151,1436,356,1424]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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Biology. Life cycle is of rhabdiasoid
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<typeStatus id="5482881DFF93FFA90B1CFB9FADEBCE19" box="[635,686,1112,1136]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">type</typeStatus>
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. Free-living females have up to
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<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF93FFA90D4DFB90ABC6CE19" box="[1066,1155,1111,1136]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="egg">18 eggs</specimenCount>
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in uteri. Up to
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<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF93FFA90C58FB90AADECE06" box="[1343,1435,1111,1135]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="larva">8 larvae</specimenCount>
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develop inside each female. Infective larvae were able to infect terrestrial snails
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF93FFA90D36FBBAABB4CEFA" box="[1105,1265,1148,1172]" class="Gastropoda" family="Agriolimacidae" genus="Deroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF93FFA90D36FBBAABAFCEFD" box="[1105,1258,1149,1172]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Deroceras sp</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF93FFA90C56FBBBAAD9CEFA" box="[1329,1436,1148,1172]" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Arion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF93FFA90C56FBBBAAD0CEFD" box="[1329,1429,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Arion sp</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA909F9FB67AEA5CED1" author="Kuzmin, Y. I. & Sharpilo, V. P." box="[158,480,1184,1208]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="99 - 101" refId="ref42964" refString="Kuzmin, Y. I. & Sharpilo, V. P. (2000) On the paratenic parasitism in the nematodes from the family Rhabdiasidae - parasites of anguid lizards (Anguidae). Vestnik Zoologii, 34, 99 - 101. (In Russian)." type="journal article" year="2000">Kuzmin and Sharpilo 2000</bibRefCitation>
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). Parasitic larvae were observed in lungs, body cavity and large blood vessels of experimentally infected host. Subadult hermaphrodites were found in body cavity.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909A0FB2FABB4CF21" blockId="60.[151,1436,356,1424]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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Remarks.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA9085FFB2FAE89CF69" author="Baker, M. R." box="[312,460,1256,1280]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="83 - 90" refId="ref40468" refString="Baker, M. R. (1980) Revision of Entomelas Travassos, 1930 (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) with a review of genera in the family. Systematic Parasitology, 1, 83 - 90. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00009853" type="journal article" year="1980">Baker (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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considered this species to be a juvenile form of
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF93FFA90A82FB2EAB30CF69" authorityName="entomelas (Dujardin, 1845) sensu Baker" authorityYear="1980" box="[997,1141,1256,1280]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Entomelas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="entomelas">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF93FFA90A82FB2EAB30CF69" box="[997,1141,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">E. entomelas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Our experimental studies demonstrated differences in juvenile (subgravid) specimens of both species and thus supported the validity of
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF93FFA90CE3FACAAE73CF21" authorityName="Sharpilo" authorityYear="1976" baseAuthorityName="Sharpilo et Vakker" baseAuthorityYear="1972" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Paraentomelas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="kazachstanica">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF93FFA90CE3FACAAE73CF21" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">E. kazachstanica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Molecular data (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA9089CFAF7AC56CF21" author="Kuzmin, Y. & Tkach, V. V." box="[507,787,1328,1352]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref43075" refString="Kuzmin, Y. & Tkach, V. V. (2009) Using of molecular data in investigation of the nematode family Rhabdiasidae. Proceedings of the XIV Conference of the Ukrainian Society of Parasitologists (Uzhgorod, September 21 - 24, 2009). Kyiv, 62. (In Russian)." type="proceedings paper" year="2009">Kuzmin and Tkach 2009</bibRefCitation>
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) also supported the validity of the species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909A0FA93AAD9CF05" blockId="60.[151,1436,356,1424]" box="[199,1436,1364,1388]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<materialsCitation id="3B513CE2FF93FFA909A0FA93AADDCF05" box="[199,1432,1364,1388]" collectionCode="SIZK" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="59" specimenCount-adult="34" specimenCount-subadult="25">
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Material studied:
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<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF93FFA908ECFA93AEA3CF05" box="[395,486,1364,1388]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="adult">34 adult</specimenCount>
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and
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||
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF93FFA90B7CFA93ADD8CF05" box="[539,669,1364,1388]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="subadult">25 subadult</specimenCount>
|
||
specimens (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE7AFF93FFA90A40FA93AC2DCF05" box="[807,872,1364,1388]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">SIZK</collectionCode>
|
||
) from naturally and experimentally infected hosts
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF93FFA909A0FABFAA7DCFF9" blockId="60.[151,1436,356,1424]" box="[199,1336,1400,1424]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
References:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA90835FABFADCFCFF9" author="Sharpilo, V. P. & Vakker, V. G." box="[338,650,1400,1424]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="86 - 88" refId="ref44575" refString="Sharpilo, V. P. & Vakker, V. G. (1972) New species of the genus Entomelas Travassos, 1930 (Nematoda, Rhabdiasidae) - a lung parasite of sheltopuzik. Vestnik Zoologii, 6, 86 - 88." type="journal article" year="1972">Sharpilo and Vakker (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA90BF1FABFAC0CCFF9" author="Sharpilo, V. P." box="[662,841,1400,1424]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref44648" refString="Sharpilo, V. P. (1976) Parasitic worms of reptilians of the fauna of the USSR. Kiev, Naukova Dumka, 287 pp." type="book" year="1976">Sharpilo (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA90A32FABFACAECFF9" author="Baker, M. R." box="[853,1003,1400,1424]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="83 - 90" refId="ref40468" refString="Baker, M. R. (1980) Revision of Entomelas Travassos, 1930 (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) with a review of genera in the family. Systematic Parasitology, 1, 83 - 90. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00009853" type="journal article" year="1980">Baker (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF93FFA90A90FABFAA7DCFF9" author="Kuzmin, Y. I. & Sharpilo, V. P." box="[1015,1336,1400,1424]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="99 - 101" refId="ref42964" refString="Kuzmin, Y. I. & Sharpilo, V. P. (2000) On the paratenic parasitism in the nematodes from the family Rhabdiasidae - parasites of anguid lizards (Anguidae). Vestnik Zoologii, 34, 99 - 101. (In Russian)." type="journal article" year="2000">Kuzmin and Sharpilo (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |