757 lines
95 KiB
XML
757 lines
95 KiB
XML
<document id="B24F8E95D2304DA494D56674BBAD23CF" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3926.4.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7224227d-a792-4a1b-9868-d1266571d2d8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="241687" ID-ZooBank="6CCC3C5B-0DF1-4677-B9E9-BD49941921D4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461008353189" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Teynié, Alexandre, David, Patrick, Lottier, Anne, Le, Minh Duc, Vidal, Nicolas & Nguyen, Truong Quang" docDate="2015" docId="038BC44BFFFCFFB0FF4446F6FB07FE38" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03926p540.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3926 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parafimbrios lao Teynié, David, Lottier, Le, Vidal & Nguyen, 2015, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="536" masterDocId="FFB2BC33FFF8FFBDFFD34315FFC9FF94" masterDocTitle="A new genus and species of xenodermatid snake (Squamata: Caenophidia: Xenodermatidae) from northern Lao People’s Democratic Republic" masterLastPageNumber="540" masterPageNumber="523" pageNumber="527" updateTime="1698566107079" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="7AE0EC15DE1A5EAADEE610F3D430B5B3">A new genus and species of xenodermatid snake (Squamata: Caenophidia: Xenodermatidae) from northern Lao People’s Democratic Republic</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E4A129B1C2C7791B5F33D227ABEFE5C0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="73CE1BB076F8C6BA6BD55B1C4CAACAF0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9E867A98051AE9B35EFE89D277FA2277">Teynié, Alexandre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="2FA172DC1A0A671392A1AA7033159435">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="21EC2E31E919724BD438725C5CE8B922">David, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="8C9C4EE0105321B7396C2E853A7A27BA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D12037ABBBCEA1C4C1C07689DC26B0F6">Lottier, Anne</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2CBE50A89970B792C97480690B26AC9A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BEBA40A7F0BF90AF28587E6147B5DCFF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4800422C8D5B7F76AAE081F0164FF43F">Le, Minh Duc</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F6293890721A4F34830525543C3D7714">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4266511ED18C4671FBCC59C352485F28">Vidal, Nicolas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="793ECB09300C7426571C4FB2D0C09432">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="494E370B0A0CFC2A1F6C5FD7D117CF8E">Nguyen, Truong Quang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DF4022FAD0414D7F9926DB29FB758874">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3D04258115A148354224FEA396C085D1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C44E0C0344AF51184C77C8345E7B8F9C">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3C4CD5F5A4680CEF41A03E42A81C56A5">3926</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CAE64A2F60C8AF8EC4E08C3F33DA24C6">4</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FF6015CBEE8929FD6CBED235BF808B81">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AE32DD0BB37855EAE84A54A5F1BCF531" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3926.4.4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="06F22E74DF048B1B9DB771A76BA3626A" type="GBIF-Dataset">7224227d-a792-4a1b-9868-d1266571d2d8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8AF2A22AA0D241ADEA0544B637877114" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A153ADF81FB3EF5F6C54D8433DCA4BDD" type="Zenodo-Dep">241687</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="ECE4E7855B7D72A2475A584C80657C96" type="ZooBank">6CCC3C5B-0DF1-4677-B9E9-BD49941921D4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038BC44BFFFCFFB0FF4446F6FB07FE38" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5687316" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119599416" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5687316" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038BC44BFFFCFFB0FF4446F6FB07FE38" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038BC44BFFFCFFB0FF4446F6FB07FE38" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
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<subSubSection id="C33826D6FFFCFFB9FF4446F6FE5AF98B" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFCFFB9FF4446F6FE2BFA6A" blockId="4.[151,482,1507,1567]" box="[151,482,1507,1534]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
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<heading id="D0D5C231FFFCFFB9FF4446F6FE2BFA6A" bold="true" box="[151,482,1507,1534]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFCFFB9FF4446F6FE2BFA6A" bold="true" box="[151,482,1507,1534]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
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<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFCFFB9FF4446F6FEAAFA69" box="[151,355,1507,1533]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFCFFB9FF4446F6FEAAFA69" bold="true" box="[151,355,1507,1533]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFFCFFB9FEB946F1FE2BFA6A" box="[362,482,1508,1534]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFCFFB9FF444513FE5AF98B" blockId="4.[151,482,1507,1567]" box="[151,403,1542,1567]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131969D8FFFCFFB9FF4C4513FEC5F98B" box="[159,268,1542,1567]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1973,1995]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1516,1538]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1537,1559]" captionTargetBox-0="[340,1247,589,1951]" captionTargetBox-1="[340,1246,193,1494]" captionTargetBox-2="[340,1246,193,1515]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[340,1248,589,1952]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[340,1247,193,1494]" captionTargetId-2="figure@7.[340,1247,193,1516]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Parafimbrios lao spec. nov., holotype (MNHN 2013.1002): A) Close-up view of the head and of the dorsal scalation at midbody and B) Ventral view. Photographs: A. Teynié." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Parafimbrios lao spec. nov., holotype (MNHN 2013.1002), alive in its natural biotope, Ngoi District, Louangphabang Province, Laos: A) General view and B) Close-up view of head. Photographs: A. Teynié." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Parafimbrios lao spec. nov., the second specimen in life in natural biotope, Vieng Xai District District, Houaphan Province, Laos: A) View of head and B) Close-up view of the body showing dorsal ranks of scales. Note the two dorsal rows above each ventral scale, an almost unique condition in snakes that is also present in the monotypic genus Xenodermus of the same family. Photographs: A. Teynié." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/241689/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/241690/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/241691/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
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; 5A, B; 6B)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33826D6FFFCFFB9FF44455BFB67F8AB" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFCFFB9FF44455BFCF9F93B" blockId="4.[151,1436,1614,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
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<typeStatus id="5499CBFFFFFCFFB9FF44455BFECDF9F3" box="[151,260,1614,1639]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFCFFB9FF44455BFECDF9F3" bold="true" box="[151,260,1614,1639]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Holotype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED33ED98FFFCFFB9FEC1455AFEA1F9F2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[274,360,1615,1638]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">MNHN</collectionCode>
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2013.1002, a young adult male, from the vicinity of Muang Ngoi (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE16139AFFFCFFB9FB8C455BFB38F9F3" box="[1119,1265,1614,1639]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" precision="1" value="20.700083">20°42.005'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE16139AFFFCFFB9FB2F455AFA51F9F3" box="[1276,1432,1615,1639]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" precision="1" value="102.6955">102°41.730'E</geoCoordinate>
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; datum WGS84), Ngoi District, Louangphabang Province,
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<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFCFFB9FCE74566FCA4F91E" box="[820,877,1651,1674]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">
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<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFFCFFB9FCE74566FCA4F91E" box="[820,877,1651,1674]" name="Laos" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Laos</collectingCountry>
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</taxonomicName>
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, at an elevation of ca.
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<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFFCFFB9FBAB4567FB0BF91E" box="[1144,1218,1650,1675]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" unit="m" value="360.0">360 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.; collected by Alexandre Teynié and Anne Lottier on
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<date id="FF9C539DFFFCFFB9FD9C4583FCE2F93B" box="[591,811,1686,1711]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" value="2012-09-25">25 September 2012</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFCFFB9FF1445AFFB44F88F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1614,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
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<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFCFFB9FF1445AFFE7BF947" bold="true" box="[199,434,1722,1747]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Additional material</emphasis>
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. A second specimen was found, examined and photographed (
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<figureCitation id="131969D8FFFCFFB9FBBE45AFFB79F947" box="[1133,1200,1722,1747]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1537,1559]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1515]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[340,1247,193,1516]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Parafimbrios lao spec. nov., the second specimen in life in natural biotope, Vieng Xai District District, Houaphan Province, Laos: A) View of head and B) Close-up view of the body showing dorsal ranks of scales. Note the two dorsal rows above each ventral scale, an almost unique condition in snakes that is also present in the monotypic genus Xenodermus of the same family. Photographs: A. Teynié." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241691/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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) but not collected, in the vicinity of Vieng Xai, or Viengxay (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE16139AFFFCFFB9FD9C45CAFD28F963" box="[591,737,1759,1783]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" precision="1" value="20.40695">20°24.417'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE16139AFFFCFFB9FD3F45CAFC41F963" box="[748,904,1759,1783]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" precision="1" value="104.223885">104°13.433'E</geoCoordinate>
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), Vieng Xai District, Houaphan Province,
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<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFCFFB9FA8C45CAFA51F962" box="[1375,1432,1759,1782]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">
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<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFFCFFB9FA8C45CAFA51F962" box="[1375,1432,1759,1782]" name="Laos" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Laos</collectingCountry>
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</taxonomicName>
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, at an elevation of ca.
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<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFFCFFB9FE554416FE04F88E" box="[390,461,1795,1819]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" unit="m" value="890.0">890 m</quantity>
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a.s.l., by Alexandre Teynié and Anne Lottier on
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<date id="FF9C539DFFFCFFB9FC224416FB40F88F" box="[1009,1161,1795,1819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" value="2013-05-11">11 May 2013</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFCFFB9FF144433FB67F8AB" blockId="4.[151,1436,1614,2038]" box="[199,1198,1830,1855]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">This specimen was released after obtaining morphological characters and photographing.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33826D6FFFCFFB8FF14445FFB40FE88" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFCFFB8FF14445FFB40FE88" blockId="4.[151,1436,1614,2038]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,536]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
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<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFCFFB9FF14445FFEF3F8F7" bold="true" box="[199,314,1866,1891]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. A species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFCFFB9FD8D445FFD3AF8F7" box="[606,755,1866,1891]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFCFFB9FD8D445FFD3AF8F7" box="[606,755,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Parafimbrios</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFCFFB9FD2E445FFCA0F8F7" bold="true" box="[765,873,1866,1891]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFFCFFB9FD2E445FFCA0F8F7" box="[765,873,1866,1891]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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, defined by a combination of generic characters listed above plus (1) dorsal scale rows 27–29
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<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFCFFB9FD7C447BFD74F813" bold="true" box="[687,701,1902,1927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">–</emphasis>
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25–27
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<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFCFFB9FCCB447BFCEFF813" bold="true" box="[792,806,1902,1927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">–</emphasis>
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23–25, distinctly keeled, small, cycloid, progressively larger on the top of the body than on the sides; (2) scales of the first DSR distinctly enlarged, also two per ventral, first smallest, last largest; (3) ventrals 177–189, large, laterally rounded; (4) subcaudals 55–56, undivided; (5) 1st–4th or 1st–5th supralabials, mental, and 2nd–4th infralabials with raised and everted edges; (6) suture between the internasals 0.7 times as long as suture between the prefrontals; (7) 1 / 1 (upper) preocular, 1 / 1 supraocular, 2 / 2 postoculars, and 1 / 1 subocular; (8) 1 / 1 loreal, large; (9) nuchal scales 3, one in central and one enlarged on each side; (10) dorsum dark purplish-grey, slightly paler on the sides; and (11) neck with a pale creamish-grey collar, more or less pronounced with age, reaching downwards the pale grey colour of the venter.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33826D6FFFDFFB8FF144232FA99FEF0" pageId="5" pageNumber="528" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFDFFB8FF144232FA99FEF0" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">
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<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFDFFB8FF144232FE8EFED4" bold="true" box="[199,327,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">Etymology</emphasis>
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. The specific epithet,
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<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFDFFB8FD914232FDAFFED4" box="[578,614,295,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao">
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<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFDFFB8FD914232FDAFFED4" box="[578,614,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">lao</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, refers both to the official name of
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<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFDFFB8FC2B423DFBF8FEAB" box="[1016,1073,296,319]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">
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<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFFDFFB8FC2B423DFBF8FEAB" box="[1016,1073,296,319]" name="Laos" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">Laos</collectingCountry>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFFDFFB8FBB4423DFECDFEF1" name="Laos" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFDFFB8FBB4423DFB5FFEAB" box="[1127,1174,296,319]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao">Lao</taxonomicName>
|
||
People’s Democratic Republic
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
in which the species was discovered, and to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFDFFB8FCE24258FCAAFEF0" box="[817,867,333,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFFDFFB8FCE24258FCAAFEF0" box="[817,867,333,356]" name="Laos" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">Lao</collectingCountry>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the main people group inhabiting
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFDFFB8FADE4258FA85FEF0" box="[1293,1356,333,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFFDFFB8FADE4258FA85FEF0" box="[1293,1356,333,356]" name="Laos" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33826D6FFFDFFB1FF14427AFF1AFB48" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="5" pageNumber="528" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFDFFB8FF14427AFB5BFD8C" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFDFFB8FF14427AFE16FE1C" bold="true" box="[199,479,367,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="5499CBFFFFFDFFB8FEAA427AFE16FE1C" box="[377,479,367,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="528" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Body elongate, slightly laterally compressed; head short (4.1% of SVL), ovoid, not distinct from the thick neck, dorsally covered with large shields; snout average, approximately 3.1 times as long as eye diameter, distinctly extending beyond lower jaw, rounded in profile and from above; a large, oval nostril, piercing in the anterior part of a large, concave nasal; eye small, its diameter 0.7 times of the distance between eye and lip, with a vertically elliptic pupil; tail average, relatively thick, tapering progressively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5D25D5FFFDFFB8FF4444A0FCF4F87E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241689/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="528" targetBox="[340,1247,589,1951]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFDFFB8FF4444A0FCF4F87E" blockId="5.[151,1436,1973,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFDFFB8FF4444A0FEDFF85F" bold="true" box="[151,278,1973,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFDFFB8FEF344A0FE1BF85F" box="[288,466,1973,1995]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFDFFB8FEF344A0FE1BF85F" box="[288,466,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFFDFFB8FE0F44A0FD8FF85F" box="[476,582,1973,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="528" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFDFFB8FE0F44A0FD8FF85F" bold="true" box="[476,582,1973,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="528">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype (MNHN 2013.1002): A) Close-up view of the head and of the dorsal scalation at midbody and B) Ventral view. Photographs: A. Teynié.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5D25D5FFFEFFBBFF4446F9FB0EF9B4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241690/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" targetBox="[340,1246,193,1494]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFEFFBBFF4446F9FB0EF9B4" blockId="6.[151,1436,1516,1569]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFEFFBBFF4446F9FED2F996" bold="true" box="[151,283,1516,1538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFEFFBBFEF946F9FE16F996" box="[298,479,1516,1538]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFEFFBBFEF946F9FE16F996" box="[298,479,1516,1538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFFEFFBBFE3C46F9FD97F996" box="[495,606,1516,1538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFEFFBBFE3C46F9FD97F996" bold="true" box="[495,606,1516,1538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype (MNHN 2013.1002), alive in its natural biotope, Ngoi District, Louangphabang Province,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFEFFBBFE74451EFE15F9B4" box="[423,476,1547,1568]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">Laos</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A) General view and B) Close-up view of head. Photographs: A. Teynié.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFEFFBBFF14455CFAA3F9F4" blockId="6.[151,1436,1608,2037]" box="[199,1386,1608,1633]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">
|
||
Measurements. SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFFEFFBBFE67455DFDDDF9F4" box="[436,532,1608,1633]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.36" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" unit="mm" value="236.0">236 mm</quantity>
|
||
; TaL
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFFEFFBBFD80455DFD6CF9F4" box="[595,677,1608,1632]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" unit="mm" value="49.0">49 mm</quantity>
|
||
; TL
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFFEFFBBFD09455DFCF3F9F4" box="[730,826,1608,1633]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" unit="mm" value="285.0">285 mm</quantity>
|
||
; ratio TaL/TL 0.172; HL
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFFEFFBBFB84455DFB77F9F4" box="[1111,1214,1608,1633]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" unit="mm" value="9.75">9.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
; SnL
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFFEFFBBFB2C455DFAAFF9F4" box="[1279,1382,1608,1633]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" unit="mm" value="2.75">2.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFEFFBBFF144579FEDFF93D" blockId="6.[151,1436,1608,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Dentition. Maxillary teeth: right maxilla with 27 small, curved, subequal teeth, progressively slightly enlarged posteriorly.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFEFFBBFF1445A1FE5DF8AD" blockId="6.[151,1436,1608,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Body scalation. DSR 27-25-23, small, cycloid or subrectangular, not elongate, barely imbricate and distinctly keeled with a narrow keel, outermost rows formed by small and enlarged scales alternately; each ventral topped by two dorsal scales above, anterior small, posterior enlarged and surrounding the posterior lateral portion of the corresponding ventral.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFEFFBBFF144453FCDCF861" blockId="6.[151,1436,1608,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">The dorsal scalation of this species is quite peculiar. On the 1st DSR, the anterior small scale is in contact with its corresponding ventral on the anterior part of the body, narrowly separated by an area of skin posteriorly; the posterior enlarged scale is always in contact with the posterior lateral portion of the corresponding ventral. Scales on 2nd–7th DSR small, slightly enlarged on 8th–9th DSR, moderately enlarged on 10th–11th DSR, and distinctly enlarged on 12th DSR; scales of vertebral row hexagonal.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5D25D5FFFFFFBAFF444514FDDCF9E7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241691/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" targetBox="[340,1246,193,1515]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFFFFBAFF444514FDDCF9E7" blockId="7.[151,1436,1537,1651]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFFFFBAFF444514FEDBF983" bold="true" box="[151,274,1537,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFFFFBAFECA4514FE0EF983" box="[281,455,1537,1559]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFFFFBAFECA4514FE0EF983" box="[281,455,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFFFFFBAFE1E4514FDFDF983" box="[461,564,1537,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFFFFBAFE1E4514FDFDF983" bold="true" box="[461,564,1537,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, the second specimen in life in natural biotope, Vieng Xai District District, Houaphan Province,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFFFFBAFF2D4534FEFAF9A2" box="[254,307,1569,1590]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">Laos</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A) View of head and B) Close-up view of the body showing dorsal ranks of scales. Note the two dorsal rows above each ventral scale, an almost unique condition in snakes that is also present in the monotypic genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFFFFFBAFB08452BFA90F9C0" box="[1243,1369,1598,1620]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Xenodermus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFFFFFBAFB08452BFA90F9C0" box="[1243,1369,1598,1620]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Xenodermus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the same family. Photographs: A. Teynié.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFFFFBAFF4445B5FD6FF92D" blockId="7.[151,678,1696,1721]" box="[151,678,1696,1721]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">The dorsal scale row reductions are as follows:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFFFFBAFF2645FFFC5EF897" blockId="7.[151,983,1768,1872]" box="[245,919,1768,1796]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">5+6 → 5 (VEN 18) (left) 6+7 → 6 (VEN 114) (left)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFFFFBAFF444405FC1EF8BC" blockId="7.[151,983,1768,1872]" box="[151,983,1808,1833]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">27 ————————— 25 ————————— 23</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFFFFBAFF264423FC6EF8DB" blockId="7.[151,983,1768,1872]" box="[245,935,1844,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">5+6 → 5 (VEN 25) (right) 6+7 → 6 (VEN 115) (right)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFFFFFBAFF144494FEF2F829" blockId="7.[151,1436,1920,1981]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">VEN 177 (+ 2 preventrals), laterally rounded; SC 56, undivided; cloacal plate entire, large; terminal caudal scale pointing.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5D25D5FFF0FFB5FF4440B0FC15FB83" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241692/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="531" targetBox="[151,1436,193,911]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF0FFB5FF4440B0FC15FB83" blockId="8.[151,1436,933,1047]" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF0FFB5FF4440B0FEDEFC2F" bold="true" box="[151,279,933,955]" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Views of head of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF0FFB5FE3540B0FD50FC2F" box="[486,665,933,955]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF0FFB5FE3540B0FD50FC2F" box="[486,665,933,955]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFF0FFB5FD7040B3FCCEFC2F" box="[675,775,934,955]" pageId="8" pageNumber="531" rank="species">spec. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
compared with those of the two known species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF0FFB5FF4440D1FF3DFC4E" box="[151,244,964,986]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF0FFB5FF4440D1FF3DFC4E" box="[151,244,964,986]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">Fimbrios</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF0FFB5FED240D1FE66FC4E" box="[257,431,964,986]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF0FFB5FED240D1FE66FC4E" box="[257,431,964,986]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFF0FFB5FE6540D1FDD7FC4E" box="[438,542,964,986]" pageId="8" pageNumber="531" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF0FFB5FE6540D1FDD7FC4E" bold="true" box="[438,542,964,986]" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype (MNHN 2013.1002): A) dorsal view and B) lateral view; C)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF0FFB5FB2B40D1FF26FC6D" authority="Paksong" authorityName="Paksong" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF0FFB5FB2B40D1FA5FFC4E" box="[1272,1430,964,986]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">Fimbrios klossi</emphasis>
|
||
, Paksong
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Champasak Province,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF0FFB5FE3740F1FDD1FC6D" box="[484,536,996,1017]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">Laos</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and D)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF0FFB5FDA440F6FCD2FC6D" box="[631,795,995,1017]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF0FFB5FDA440F6FCD2FC6D" box="[631,795,995,1017]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">Fimbrios smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype (IEBR 3157), Phong Nha–Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam. Photographs: A. Teynié (A–C) and T. Ziegler (D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF0FFB4FF14472BFA87FF43" blockId="8.[151,1437,1086,2026]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="532" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">
|
||
Head scalation. Upper head scalation complement complete, comprising 2 internasals, 2 prefrontals, 2 supraoculars, 1 frontal, and 2 parietals. Rostral large, wider than high, not visible from above due to the presence of a ridge of skin between rostral and internasals; nasal 1 / 1, large, elongate, pentagonal, 1.3 times as long as high, entire, most of forward part of scale area being occupied by the nostril; internasals subrectangular, narrow, much wider than long, separated from each other by a short suture, 0.7 times as long as the suture between prefrontals, internasals 0.6 times as long as prefrontal; prefrontals large, pentagonal, much wider than long, 0.75 times as long as frontal, separated from each other by a suture 0.65 times as long as frontal; supraoculars small, slightly beanshaped, approximately 1.3 times as long as broad, 0.25 times as wide as frontal and 0.5 times as wide as internasals; frontal hexagonal, abruptly truncated anteriorly with its apex pointing backwards, large and especially wide, rather squat, 1.5 times as wide as long; parietals strongly enlarged, roughly heptagonal with a jagged posterior edge, longer than wide, extending on about 47% of head length, about 1.6 times longer than frontal, altogether forming a “bat-like” shape; nuchal scales 3, one in central, coarsely rounded, inserted between the posterior inner limits of parietals, and much larger one on each side, larger than upper temporal, edging the whole of the posterior outer margin of each parietal; loreal 1 / 1, large, subrectangular, covering nearly the whole of the side of the snout between nasal and eye, entering the lower half of orbit, much longer and higher than anterior supralabials, 1.2 times longer than high; SL 8 / 8, anterior and posterior edges of 1st–4th strongly everted and raised, much less so on the anterior edge of 5th, 8th largest, narrow and distinctly elongate; 1st–3rd SL in contact with nasal, 3rd–5th in contact with loreal, 5th–6th and a part of 7th in contact with subocular, 7th bordering the “postsubocular” (the scale inserted between subocular), lower anterior temporal and posterior supralabials, 8th in contact with “postsubocular” and lower temporal; preocular 1 / 1, small, higher than long, entering the upper anterior part of orbit, in contact with loreal below and prefrontal above, not reaching the frontal; subocular 1 / 1, large, long and tall, just below the eye; postoculars 2 / 2, relatively large, higher one slightly enlarged; postsubocular 1 / 1, relatively large, inserted behind subocular and lower postocular; temporals 2 + 2 on each side, upper anterior one large and elongate, lower anterior one smaller, posterior ones larger, upper posterior one in broad contact with the lateral nuchal scale (which cannot be qualified of temporal as it is high on the side of the head and barely on the temporal regions);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFF0FFB5FEB844C7FE4FF87D" box="[363,390,2002,2025]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">IL</collectingCountry>
|
||
8 / 8, 1st very narrow, in contact with each other behind mental, 1st–4th in contact with the sole pair of chin shields, 1st–4th with strongly raised and everted anterior edges; mental small, with a strong transversal ridge; chin shields in contact with each other in anterior half, diverging and separated by a scale posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF1443F0FC42FED2" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Hemipenis. In situ, the hemipenis is long, reaching the level of 12th SC, forked at level of 9th SC; half proximal part of the organ and area on the side of the sulcus close to the bifurcation smooth; distal half of the organ strongly spinose, covering broad spines; sulcus spermaticus very prominent.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF144244FC8EFDD1" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Colour and pattern. Body uniformly dark purplish-grey or purplish / brownish-grey, slightly iridescent and somewhat paler on the lower sides, more dark grey than brown; scales of the first DSR edged in cream posteriorly; a broad, white (in life) or pale creamish-grey (in preservative) nuchal collar, extending from the occiput and temporal region to the anterior part of the body up to the level of the 10th VEN, in length of 11 vertebral scales on the top of the body, narrowing progressively, downwards with an irregular, wavy posterior limit, narrower at midheight of the side, in width of 9 dorsal scales, widening progressively downwards and connect with the pale colour of the venter; tail in shades of dark purplish-grey as the body.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF144145FAADFD4C" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Head dark purplish-brown, slightly darker than the body, more purplish brown anteriorly; side of snout slightly paler; supralabials paler greyish-brown anteriorly, progressively heavily speckled with whitish-brown; 8th supralabial and lower posterior temporal, turning to pale creamish-grey as the nuchal collar; chin dark purplishbrown, turning quickly to dark then medium grey; throat uniformly pale grey, darker on posterior infralabials.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF1441F1FC3AFCD7" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Venter uniformly pale grey, with, on the anterior part of the body, the outer quarter of each ventral dark grey as the lower part of body, progressively reduced to a dark grey blotch on the posterior margin of the tip of each ventral; ventral surface of the tail dark grey, distinctly darker than the venter.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF14405AFED8FC18" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF1FFB4FF14405AFEFCFCFC" bold="true" box="[199,309,847,872]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
. The second specimen (male; Vieng Xai, Houaphan Province;
|
||
<figureCitation id="131969D8FFF1FFB4FBFF405AFBBDFCF3" box="[1068,1140,847,872]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1537,1559]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1515]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[340,1247,193,1516]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Parafimbrios lao spec. nov., the second specimen in life in natural biotope, Vieng Xai District District, Houaphan Province, Laos: A) View of head and B) Close-up view of the body showing dorsal ranks of scales. Note the two dorsal rows above each ventral scale, an almost unique condition in snakes that is also present in the monotypic genus Xenodermus of the same family. Photographs: A. Teynié." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241691/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) has the following main characters:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF14408DFB00FC24" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" box="[199,1225,919,944]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
Measurements (approximate). SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF1FFB4FD894082FD73FC3B" box="[602,698,919,943]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.98" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="298.0">298 mm</quantity>
|
||
; TaL
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF1FFB4FD2A4082FC82FC3B" box="[761,843,919,944]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
|
||
; TL
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF1FFB4FCAC4082FC16FC3B" box="[895,991,919,944]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.53" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="353.0">353 mm</quantity>
|
||
; ratio TaL/TL 0.156.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF1440AEFE73FC6C" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
Body scalation. DSR 27-25-23, similar to that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5499CBFFFFF1FFB4FCF640AEFC43FC40" box="[805,906,955,980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, especially the two consecutive rows of dorsal scales above each ventral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF144711FB5DFB88" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" box="[199,1172,1027,1052]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">VEN 189 (+ 1 preventral), laterally rounded; SC 55, all undivided; cloacal plate entire.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF144732FC1AFAB7" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
Head scalation. Upper head scalation complement complete, comprising 2 internasals, 2 prefrontals, 2 supraoculars, 1 frontal, and 2 parietals; SL 7 / 7, anterior and posterior edges of 1st–3rd strongly everted and raised, much less developed on the anterior edge of 4th, 7th largest, narrow and distinctly elongate; 1st–3rd SL in contact with nasal, 4th–5th in contact with loreal, 6th in contact with subocular, 6th–7th bordering the “postsubocular”, 7th in contact with lower temporal; preocular 1 / 1, small; subocular 1 / 1, large; postoculars 2 / 2, relatively large; temporals 2 + 2 / 2 + 1;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFF1FFB4FED247F2FED2FB6A" box="[257,283,1255,1278]" name="Iceland" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">IL</collectingCountry>
|
||
7 / 7, 1st–4th in contact with the sole pair of chin shields, 1st–3rd with strongly raised and everted anterior edges; other characters of head scalation agree with those of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5499CBFFFFF1FFB4FCBA461FFC06FAB7" box="[873,975,1290,1315]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF14463BFDEEFA6A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF1FFB4FF14463BFE7AFAD3" bold="true" box="[199,435,1326,1351]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Colour and pattern</emphasis>
|
||
. Body uniformly dark purplish-grey or dark purplish-brown, depending on the angle of the light source, barely paler on the lower sides, distinctly iridescent; scales of first dorsal scale rows narrowly edged with pinkish-cream on their hinder margins; only the lower half of the neck pinkish-white as a broad triangle, the apex of which about at mid-height of the side of the neck, the base extending from the corner of the mouth to the level of the 10th VEN; upper part of the neck coloured as the body; tail in shades of dark purplish-grey or dark purplish-brown as the body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF14451CFA50F904" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Head dark purplish-brown, behind slightly darker than the body, paler and more purplish brown anteriorly; side of snout slightly paler; supralabials brown, paler than upper head surface anteriorly, progressively creamishbrown; 7th supralabial and lower posterior temporal creamish-brown, darker than the nuchal collar; chin dark purplish-brown, turning quickly to medium grey; throat uniformly pale pinkish-grey, darker on hinder infralabials.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB4FF144588FAC7F968" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Venter uniformly pinkish-cream or very pale pinkish- grey, with, on the anterior part of the body, the outer quarter of each ventral dark greyish-brown, progressively reduced to a dark greyish-brown blotch on the posterior margin of the tip of each ventral; ventral surface of the tail dark grey, distinctly darker than the venter.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF1FFB7FF144412FDD1FE88" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2005]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="533" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF1FFB4FF144412FEACF8B4" bold="true" box="[199,357,1799,1824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Comparisons</emphasis>
|
||
. The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF1FFB4FE3C4412FD4DF8B4" box="[495,644,1799,1824]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF1FFB4FE3C4412FD4DF8B4" box="[495,644,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Parafimbrios</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from all genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF1FFB4FB9B4412FACDF8B4" box="[1096,1284,1799,1824]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Xenodermatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, at the partial exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF1FFB4FEFB4439FE47F8D1" box="[296,398,1836,1861]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF1FFB4FEFB4439FE47F8D1" box="[296,398,1836,1861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Fimbrios</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by a series of diagnostic characters at the generic level given above in the introduction to its description. The combination of (1) 2 dorsal scale rows above each ventral; (2) dorsal scale rows very small, uniform in shape; (3) supralabials and infralabials with strongly everted edges; (4) 27 maxillary teeth; and (5) 25–27 dorsal scale rows at midbody, is sufficient to distinguish this species from members of the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF1FFB4FF4444A9FEEAF841" box="[151,291,1980,2005]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Xenodermus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF1FFB4FF4444A9FEEAF841" box="[151,291,1980,2005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Xenodermus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF1FFB4FEE744A9FDEBF841" box="[308,546,1980,2005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF1FFB4FEE744A9FE6AF841" box="[308,419,1980,2005]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Stoliczkia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Stoliczkia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF1FFB4FE6144A9FDEBF841" box="[434,546,1980,2005]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Achalinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF1FFB4FDB544A9FD01F841" box="[614,712,1980,2005]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Xylophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF1FFB4FDB544A9FD01F841" box="[614,712,1980,2005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Xylophis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore, the relatively slender body of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF1FFB4FB0B44A9FA55F841" box="[1240,1436,1980,2005]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF1FFB4FB0B44A9FA55F841" box="[1240,1436,1980,2005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFF2FFB7FF444382FEC3FF24" box="[151,266,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FF444382FEC3FF24" bold="true" box="[151,266,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is closer to the habitus of members of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FCE74382FC6DFF24" box="[820,932,151,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FCE74382FC6DFF24" box="[820,932,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Achalinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FBD14382FBA0FF24" box="[1026,1129,151,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FBD14382FBA0FF24" box="[1026,1129,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Fimbrios</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but much less slender than the habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FEE743A9FE09FF41" box="[308,448,188,213]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Xenodermus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FEE743A9FE09FF41" box="[308,448,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Xenodermus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FE2543A9FDABFF41" box="[502,610,188,213]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Stoliczkia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FE2543A9FDABFF41" box="[502,610,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Stoliczkia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FD3143A9FC68FF41" box="[738,929,188,213]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FD3143A9FC68FF41" box="[738,929,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFF2FFB7FC7B43A9FBD3FF41" box="[936,1050,188,213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FC7B43A9FBD3FF41" bold="true" box="[936,1050,188,213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
readily differs from all the species currently included in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FDDB43CAFDB1FF6C" box="[520,632,223,248]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FDDB43CAFDB1FF6C" box="[520,632,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Achalinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its much more strongly erected ridges on labial scales, which are barely or not erected in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FE724211FDD8FE89" box="[417,529,260,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FE724211FDD8FE89" box="[417,529,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Achalinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF2FFB7FF144232FC8FFEF1" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FF144232FE40FED4" box="[199,393,295,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FF144232FE40FED4" box="[199,393,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFF2FFB7FE414232FDCEFED4" box="[402,519,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FE414232FDCEFED4" bold="true" box="[402,519,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
shares several similarities with the two species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FB144232FAE7FED4" box="[1223,1326,295,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FB144232FAE7FED4" box="[1223,1326,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Fimbrios</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
currently recognized,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FEF34258FEB2FEF1" box="[288,379,332,357]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FEF34258FEB2FEF1" box="[288,379,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">F. klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131969D8FFF2FFB7FE594259FE1FFEF1" box="[394,470,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,933,955]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,911]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,912]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Views of head of Parafimbrios lao spec. nov compared with those of the two known species of the genus Fimbrios: Parafimbrios lao spec. nov., holotype (MNHN 2013.1002): A) dorsal view and B) lateral view; C) Fimbrios klossi, Paksong, Champasak Province, Laos; and D) Fimbrios smithi, holotype (IEBR 3157), Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam. Photographs: A. Teynié (A – C) and T. Ziegler (D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241692/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C & 6A) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FDA34258FD06FEF1" box="[624,719,332,357]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FDA34258FD06FEF1" box="[624,719,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">F. smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131969D8FFF2FFB7FD0C4259FCEBFEF1" box="[735,802,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,933,955]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,911]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,912]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Views of head of Parafimbrios lao spec. nov compared with those of the two known species of the genus Fimbrios: Parafimbrios lao spec. nov., holotype (MNHN 2013.1002): A) dorsal view and B) lateral view; C) Fimbrios klossi, Paksong, Champasak Province, Laos; and D) Fimbrios smithi, holotype (IEBR 3157), Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam. Photographs: A. Teynié (A – C) and T. Ziegler (D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241692/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5D25D5FFF2FFB7FF4445D7FAA2F962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241693/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" targetBox="[340,1246,397,1707]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF2FFB7FF4445D7FAA2F962" blockId="10.[151,1436,1730,1782]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FF4445D7FEDAF94C" bold="true" box="[151,275,1730,1752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparative general views in life: A)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FD7245D7FC6AF94C" authority="Paksong" authorityName="Paksong" box="[673,931,1730,1752]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FD7245D7FCF6F94C" box="[673,831,1730,1752]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Fimbrios klossi</emphasis>
|
||
, Paksong
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Champasak Province,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FB4145D6FB0AF94C" box="[1170,1219,1731,1752]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">Laos</taxonomicName>
|
||
and B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FAC645D7FF7EF962" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FAC645D7FF7EF962" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFF2FFB7FF6E45F5FEEDF962" box="[189,292,1760,1782]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FF6E45F5FEEDF962" bold="true" box="[189,292,1760,1782]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(MNHN 2013.1002), Muang Ngoi, Ngoi District, Louangphabang Province,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FBE445F4FBA5F962" box="[1079,1132,1761,1782]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">Laos</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Photographs: A. Teynié.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF2FFB6FF144408FCD2FE1C" blockId="10.[151,1436,1821,2027]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,392]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB308ACFFF2FFB7FEB64408FE3FF8A2" author="Smith" box="[357,502,1821,1846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" refString="Smith, M. A. (1921) New or little-known Reptiles and Batrachians from Southern Annam (Indochina). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1921 (2), 423 - 440, pls. 1 - 2." type="journal article" year="1921">Smith (1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB308ACFFF2FFB7FDD7440BFDF6F8A2" author="Smith" box="[516,575,1822,1846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" refString="Smith, M. A. (1943) The fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-chinese subregion. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III. Serpentes. Taylor & Francis, London, xii + 583 pp." type="book" year="1943">1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB308ACFFF2FFB7FD864408FC92F8A2" author="Campden-Main" box="[597,859,1821,1846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" refString="Campden-Main, S. M. (1970) A field guide to the snakes of South Vietnam. Vol. 3. U. S. National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, 114 pp." type="book" year="1970">Campden-Main (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB308ACFFF2FFB7FCBA4408FB8CF8A2" box="[873,1093,1821,1846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" refString="Orlov, N. L., Ryabov, S. A., Nguyen, S. V. & Nguyen, T. Q. (2003) New records and data on the poorly known snakes of Vietnam. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 10 (3), 217 - 240." type="journal article">
|
||
Orlov
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FC67440AFC21F8A2" box="[948,1000,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2003)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB308ACFFF2FFB7FB804408FAF5F8A2" box="[1107,1340,1821,1846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" refString="Ziegler, T., David, P., Miralles, A., Doan, K. V. & Nguyen, T. Q. (2008) A new species of the snake genus Fimbrios from Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, Truong Son, central Vietnam (Squamata: Xenodermatidae). Zootaxa, 1729, 37 - 48." type="journal article">
|
||
Ziegler
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FB7E440AFB16F8A2" box="[1197,1247,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2008)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and our own data,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FED84457FE02F8CF" box="[267,459,1858,1883]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FED84457FE02F8CF" box="[267,459,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFF2FFB7FE014457FD8CF8CF" box="[466,581,1858,1883]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FE014457FD8CF8CF" bold="true" box="[466,581,1858,1883]" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from both species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FC294457FBA8F8CF" box="[1018,1121,1858,1883]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FC294457FBA8F8CF" box="[1018,1121,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Fimbrios</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by (1) a more slender body, (2) fewer maxillary teeth (27 vs. at least 30), (3) only 25 or 27 DSR at midbody vs. at least 30, (4) 2 dorsal scale rows per ventral plate vs. one, (5) a shorter tail with a ratio of Tal/TL of 0.156–0.172 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF2FFB7FBA0449FFAD2F837" box="[1139,1307,1930,1955]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8514" metricValueMax="5.0038" metricValueMin="4.699" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" unit="in" value="0.191" valueMax="0.197" valueMin="0.185">0.185–0.197 in</quantity>
|
||
males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FA54449EFF1EF852" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FA54449EFF1EF852" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">F. klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF2FFB7FEC044BBFEBBF852" box="[275,370,1965,1990]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4356" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" unit="in" value="0.214">0.214 in</quantity>
|
||
the single known male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FD7F44BAFCC6F852" box="[684,783,1965,1990]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FD7F44BAFCC6F852" box="[684,783,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">F. smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (6) and by the pale creamish-grey nuchal collar, vs. no pattern in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FEDB44C6FEAAF87F" box="[264,355,2002,2027]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FEDB44C6FEAAF87F" box="[264,355,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">F. klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and only pale blotches and stripes in the neck region in
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FC0644C6FBF8F87F" box="[981,1073,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">F. s m i t hi</emphasis>
|
||
. Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF2FFB7FB0F44C7FA55F87F" box="[1244,1436,2002,2027]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF2FFB7FB0F44C7FA55F87F" box="[1244,1436,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="533">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFF3FFB6FF444382FEC3FF24" box="[151,266,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FF444382FEC3FF24" bold="true" box="[151,266,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has more ventrals than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FDEB438CFD5CFF24" box="[568,661,151,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FDEB438CFD5CFF24" box="[568,661,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">F. klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (177–189 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF3FFB6FCEC4382FC09FF24" box="[831,960,151,176]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2799" metricValueMax="4.4704" metricValueMin="4.0893999999999995" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" unit="in" value="168.5" valueMax="176.0" valueMin="161.0">161–176 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FC14438CFBEDFF24" box="[967,1060,151,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FC14438CFBEDFF24" box="[967,1060,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">F. klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) but fewer than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FB2C438CFAA9FF24" box="[1279,1376,151,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FB2C438CFAA9FF24" box="[1279,1376,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">F. smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(193 VEN).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB308ACFFF3FFB6FF3843A8FE5DFF40" author="Bourret" box="[235,404,188,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" refString="Bourret, R. (1937) Notes herpetologiques sur l'Indochine francaise. XV. Lezards et serpents recus au Laboratoire des Sciences Naturelles de l'Universite au cours de l'annee 1937. Descriptions de deux especes et de deux varietes nouvelles. Bulletin general de l'Instruction Publique, 17 e Annee, 4 (Decembre), 56 - 80." type="journal article" year="1937">Bourret (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FD1A43A8FCE1FF41" box="[713,808,188,213]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FD1A43A8FCE1FF41" box="[713,808,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">F. klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(M. 558) with 190 ventral scales, a value reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB308ACFFF3FFB6FF4443CAFE55FF6C" author="Campden-Main" box="[151,412,223,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" refString="Campden-Main, S. M. (1970) A field guide to the snakes of South Vietnam. Vol. 3. U. S. National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, 114 pp." type="book" year="1970">Campden-Main (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This specimen was not examined but we suspect that it might belong either to
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FACF43F4FAB0FF6C" box="[1308,1401,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">F. s m i t hi</emphasis>
|
||
or to another undescribed species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB308ACFFF3FFB6FE2F4210FD6BFE88" author="Bourret" box="[508,674,260,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" refString="Bourret, R. (1937) Notes herpetologiques sur l'Indochine francaise. XV. Lezards et serpents recus au Laboratoire des Sciences Naturelles de l'Universite au cours de l'annee 1937. Descriptions de deux especes et de deux varietes nouvelles. Bulletin general de l'Instruction Publique, 17 e Annee, 4 (Decembre), 56 - 80." type="journal article" year="1937">Bourret (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
emphasized the unusually high ventral scale count of that specimen but did not mention any other difference compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FCC7423CFCB9FED4" box="[788,880,295,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FCC7423CFCB9FED4" box="[788,880,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">F. klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He counted 53 subcaudals in this specimen that, furthermore, had a bluish-grey dorsum,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF3FFB6FD8A4259FD7FFEF0" box="[601,694,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="315.0">315 mm</quantity>
|
||
total length, and a tail length / total length ratio of 0.16. All other known specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FE574264FE16FE1C" box="[388,479,367,392]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FE574264FE16FE1C" box="[388,479,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">F. klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have less than 180 ventrals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5D25D5FFF3FFB6FF444410FCABF866" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241694/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" targetBox="[349,1234,445,1763]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF3FFB6FF444410FCABF866" blockId="11.[151,1436,1797,2034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FF444410FEDCF88F" bold="true" box="[151,277,1797,1819]" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparative distributions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FD9D4410FD34F88F" box="[590,765,1797,1819]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FD9D4410FD34F88F" box="[590,765,1797,1819]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FBC44410FBBDF88F" box="[1047,1140,1797,1819]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FBC44410FBBDF88F" box="[1047,1140,1797,1819]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">Fimbrios</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FB504410FAFAF88F" box="[1155,1331,1797,1819]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FB504410FAFAF88F" box="[1155,1331,1797,1819]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (1) Ngoi District, Luangphrabang Province,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FDD44430FDF1F8AE" box="[519,568,1829,1850]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">Laos</taxonomicName>
|
||
(type locality); (2) Vieng Xai district, Houaphan Province. -
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FB1B4431FAA4F8AE" box="[1224,1389,1828,1850]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FB1B4431FAA4F8AE" box="[1224,1389,1828,1850]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">Fimbrios smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (3) Phong Nha—Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam (type locality). -
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FBD74457FB68F8CC" box="[1028,1185,1858,1880]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FBD74457FB68F8CC" box="[1028,1185,1858,1880]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">Fimbrios klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Vietnam: (4) Quang Tri Province, (5) Thua Thien—Hue Province, (6) Kon Tum Province, (7) Quang Ngai Province, (8) Gia Lai Province, (9) Dak Lak Province, (10) Langbian Plateau, Lam Dong Province (type locality);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FCA54494FC62F802" box="[886,939,1921,1942]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">Laos</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (11) Paksong, Boloven Highlands, Champasak Province; and Cambodia: (12) Bokor, Kampot Province (Notes: Orlov
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FC54448AFC7EF820" box="[903,951,1950,1972]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. [2003] mentioned only provincial records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF3FFB6FF4444A8FEFDF847" box="[151,308,1981,2003]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF3FFB6FF4444A8FEFDF847" box="[151,308,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="534">Fimbrios klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in southern Vietnam without precise localities. As a consequence, corresponding numbers (localities Nr 4 to 6) are placed approximately in the centre of the corresponding provinces.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5D25D5FFF4FFB1FF4440C7FE4DFB92" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241695/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" targetBox="[226,1360,279,956]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF4FFB1FF4440C7FE4DFB92" blockId="12.[151,1437,978,1030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FF4440C7FED0FC7C" bold="true" box="[151,281,978,1000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
General view of the biotope of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FD5A40C7FCF4FC7C" box="[649,829,978,1000]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FD5A40C7FCF4FC7C" box="[649,829,978,1000]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the type locality in Louangphabang Province,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FAB740C6FA51FC7C" box="[1380,1432,979,1000]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">Laos</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Photograph: A. Teynié.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF4FFB1FF144726FF1AFB48" blockId="12.[151,1437,1075,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FF144726FE40FBD8" box="[199,393,1075,1100]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FF144726FE40FBD8" box="[199,393,1075,1100]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFF4FFB1FE414726FDCFFBD8" box="[402,518,1075,1100]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FE414726FDCFFBD8" bold="true" box="[402,518,1075,1100]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
also differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FD064721FCFBFBD8" box="[725,818,1075,1100]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FD064721FCFBFBD8" box="[725,818,1075,1100]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">F. klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having only the first 3 or 4 infralabials with raised edges vs. first 7 infralabials in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FE28474DFD90FBE4" box="[507,601,1111,1136]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FE28474DFD90FBE4" box="[507,601,1111,1136]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">F. klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Lastly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FD6F4742FCB6FBE4" box="[700,895,1111,1136]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FD6F4742FCB6FBE4" box="[700,895,1111,1136]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FC5B4742FC35FBE4" bold="true" box="[904,1020,1111,1136]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2651434FFF4FFB1FC5B4742FC35FBE4" box="[904,1020,1111,1136]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FB45474DFB3DFBFB" box="[1174,1268,1111,1136]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">F. s m i t h i</emphasis>
|
||
by having (1) fewer subcaudals (55–56 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF4FFB1FE304769FDD4FB00" box="[483,541,1147,1172]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" unit="in" value="72.0">72 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FDF64769FD4AFB00" box="[549,643,1147,1172]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">F. s m i t hi</emphasis>
|
||
), (2) suture between internasals shorter than that between prefrontals (character shared with
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FE4747B5FE22FB23" box="[404,491,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">F. kl os s i</emphasis>
|
||
) vs. distinctly longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FD2E47B5FC90FB2C" box="[765,857,1183,1208]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="smi" subSpecies="thi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FD2E47B5FC90FB2C" box="[765,857,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">F. smi thi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (3) 1 subocular vs. 2, and (4) 3 posterior temporals vs. 5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33826D6FFF4FFB0FF1447F2FB07FE38" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF4FFB1FF1447F2FC4EFAB0" blockId="12.[151,1437,1075,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FF1447F2FE90FA94" bold="true" box="[199,345,1255,1280]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131969D8FFF4FFB1FEBA47F2FE67FB6B" box="[361,430,1255,1280]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[349,1234,445,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[349,1235,445,1764]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Comparative distributions of Parafimbrios lao with species of the genus Fimbrios: Parafimbrios lao: (1) Ngoi District, Luangphrabang Province, Laos (type locality); (2) Vieng Xai district, Houaphan Province. - Fimbrios smithi: (3) Phong Nha—Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam (type locality). - Fimbrios klossi: Vietnam: (4) Quang Tri Province, (5) Thua Thien—Hue Province, (6) Kon Tum Province, (7) Quang Ngai Province, (8) Gia Lai Province, (9) Dak Lak Province, (10) Langbian Plateau, Lam Dong Province (type locality); Laos: (11) Paksong, Boloven Highlands, Champasak Province; and Cambodia: (12) Bokor, Kampot Province (Notes: Orlov et al. [2003] mentioned only provincial records of Fimbrios klossi in southern Vietnam without precise localities. As a consequence, corresponding numbers (localities Nr 4 to 6) are placed approximately in the centre of the corresponding provinces." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241694/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FE1747F2FE37FA94" box="[452,510,1255,1280]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFF4FFB1FE1747F2FE37FA94" box="[452,510,1255,1280]" name="Laos" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FE1747F2FE37FA94" bold="true" box="[452,510,1255,1280]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Laos</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Louangphabang Province: Vicinity of Muang Ngoi Village, Muang Ngoi District and Houaphan Province: Vicinity of Vieng Xai, Vieng Xai District.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF4FFB1FF14463AFE7EFAF8" blockId="12.[151,1437,1075,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">
|
||
This species is currently known from its
|
||
<typeStatus id="5499CBFFFFF4FFB1FD464625FD0CFADC" box="[661,709,1328,1352]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">type</typeStatus>
|
||
and near the historical city of Vieng Xai or Viengxay, separated by 162 airline kilometers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF4FFB1FF144662FAEAF9FC" blockId="12.[151,1437,1075,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FF144662FE48FA04" bold="true" box="[199,385,1399,1424]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Natural history</emphasis>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="5499CBFFFFF4FFB1FE154662FDE1FA04" box="[454,552,1399,1424]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FD804662FCDFFA04" box="[595,790,1399,1424]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FD804662FCDFFA04" box="[595,790,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was discovered in a steep, rocky evergreen forest, with some remaining trees of primary forest, surrounding a rugged karst formation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131969D8FFF4FFB1FBFF468EFBBAFA20" box="[1068,1139,1435,1460]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,978,1000]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,279,956]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[226,1360,179,956]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. General view of the biotope of Parafimbrios lao at the type locality in Louangphabang Province, Laos. Photograph: A. Teynié." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241695/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="5499CBFFFFF4FFB1FB12468EFAEAFA20" box="[1217,1315,1435,1460]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was lying motionless at night (19.45) during the rainy season on a rocky outcrop among a large pile of rocks at the foot of a limestone cliff of the karst formation at an elevation of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D24BED4FFF4FFB1FD2D46F6FC82FA6F" box="[766,843,1507,1532]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF4FFB1FD2D46F6FC8EFA6F" box="[766,839,1507,1532]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" unit="m" value="360.0">360 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
A few dozens of meters down below, a water course, about
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF4FFB1FF0F4512FECFF98B" box="[220,262,1543,1567]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
wide and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF4FFB1FEAA4512FE74F98B" box="[377,445,1543,1567]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" unit="cm" value="40.0">40 cm</quantity>
|
||
deep, used to run in this period of the year. The collection site is located on a steep slope which is converted into cultures (bananas, chilli beans) when the slope becomes more moderate. The adjacent lowland is mainly covered with rice fields, patches of secondary forests and a few scrub and grasslands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF4FFB1FF144566FB76F8F7" blockId="12.[151,1437,1075,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">
|
||
The second specimen was observed around the historical city of Vieng Xai, “Birth place of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FB004561FB36F91F" box="[1235,1279,1652,1675]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="538" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFF4FFB1FB004561FB36F91F" box="[1235,1279,1652,1675]" name="Laos" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Lao</collectingCountry>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
PDR”. It was found near one of the “Former Pathet
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FD83458DFDB5F93B" box="[592,636,1688,1711]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="538" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFF4FFB1FD83458DFDB5F93B" box="[592,636,1688,1711]" name="Laos" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Lao</collectingCountry>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Leaders Caves”, a place heavily bombed by the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFF4FFB1FB604582FB2CF93B" box="[1203,1253,1687,1711]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
Air Force from
|
||
<date id="FF9C539DFFF4FFB1FF4445AEFEE4F940" box="[151,301,1723,1748]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" value="1964" valueMax="1973">1964 to 1973</date>
|
||
and where no large primary forest remain. This specimen was observed in the same general karstic environment as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5499CBFFFFF4FFB1FEAD45CAFE2DF96C" box="[382,484,1759,1784]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. It was lying motionless at the beginning of the rainy season on a rocky outcrop emerging near a cave entrance and an anti-rocket wall at the foot of a limestone cliff of the karst formation at an elevation of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D24BED4FFF4FFB1FEF74432FEBBF8AB" box="[292,370,1831,1855]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDAD8B8FFF4FFB1FEF74432FEA7F8AB" box="[292,366,1831,1855]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" unit="m" value="890.0">890 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
No water course, except an artificial pool, was seen in its vicinity. The adjacent area is mainly covered with some small parcels comprising, among others, bananas, chilly beans and peanuts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF4FFB1FF14447AFD28F860" blockId="12.[151,1437,1075,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Both specimens did not display any reaction and remained perfectly motionless when they were photographed. When they were handled, they did not try to form a “ball”, a defensive posture frequent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FB674486FAADF838" box="[1204,1380,1939,1964]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Fimbrios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klossi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FB674486FAADF838" box="[1204,1380,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">Fimbrios klossi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(our data), nor did they display any other defensive action. Nothing else is known on the biology of
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF4FFB1FB0744A2FA55F844" box="[1236,1436,1975,2000]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF4FFB1FB0744A2FA51F844" box="[1236,1432,1975,2000]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="535" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao">Parafimbrios lao</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Stomachs of both specimens were seemingly empty.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D755DFFF5FFB0FF14438DFB07FE38" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">
|
||
In the same biotope and within 50 meters from the collection site of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5499CBFFFFF5FFB0FBCC4382FB48FF24" box="[1055,1153,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
we found the following amphibians:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FEFE43A9FD51FF41" authority="Boulenger" authorityName="Boulenger" box="[301,664,188,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fissipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FEFE43A9FDC9FF40" box="[301,512,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Microhyla fissipes</emphasis>
|
||
(Boulenger)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FD7A43A9FBEAFF41" authority="Boulenger" authorityName="Boulenger" box="[681,1059,188,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Micryletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FD7A43A9FC42FF40" box="[681,907,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Micryletta inornata</emphasis>
|
||
(Boulenger)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FBE743A9FE70FF6C" authority="Matsui, Nabhitabhata & Panha" authorityName="Matsui, Nabhitabhata & Panha" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Leptobrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FBE743A9FAF9FF41" box="[1076,1328,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Leptobrachium smithi</emphasis>
|
||
(Matsui, Nabhitabhata & Panha)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FE0243CAFCF5FF6C" authority="Boulenger" authorityName="Boulenger" box="[465,828,223,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Xenophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FE0243CAFD56FF6C" box="[465,671,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Xenophrys major</emphasis>
|
||
(Boulenger)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FC8743CAFACBFF6C" authority="Osbeck" authorityName="Osbeck" box="[852,1282,223,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Hoplobatrachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FC8743CAFB4CFF6C" box="[852,1157,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Hoplobatrachus chinensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Osbeck)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FACA43F4FED4FE89" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Ferjervarja limnocharis</emphasis>
|
||
(Gravenhorst), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FDD24211FC4DFE89" authority="Boulenger" authorityName="Boulenger" box="[513,900,260,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Theloderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asperum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FDD24211FD38FE88" box="[513,753,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Theloderma asperum</emphasis>
|
||
(Boulenger)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We also found several reptile species, some of them new for the province (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB308ACFFF5FFB0FE004232FD7CFED4" author="Teynie" box="[467,693,295,320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" refString="Teynie, A., Nguyen, T. Q., Lorvelec, O., Piquet, A., Lottier, A. & David, P. (2014 b) Amphibiens et Reptiles du Laos: nouvelles donnees nationales et provinciales. Bulletin de la Societe Herpetologique de France, 151 (3), 21 - 52." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
Teynié
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FDFA423CFD95FED4" box="[553,604,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the vicinity of the locality of the second specimen, we found
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FF444259FEADFEF0" box="[151,356,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fissipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FF444259FEADFEF0" box="[151,356,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Microhyla fissipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FEA74259FD99FEF0" box="[372,592,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Micryletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FEA74259FD99FEF0" box="[372,592,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Micryletta inornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FD5C4259FBFDFEF1" authority="Ohler & Delorme" authorityName="Ohler & Delorme" box="[655,1076,332,357]" class="Diplopoda" family="Chelodesmidae" genus="Rhacophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FD5C4259FC87FEF1" box="[655,846,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Rhacophorus kio</emphasis>
|
||
(Ohler & Delorme)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as at least seven reptile species. All species were photographed. Lastly, quite interestingly, each locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FBE4427AFB3EFE1C" box="[1079,1271,367,392]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Parafimbrios" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lao">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FBE4427AFB3EFE1C" box="[1079,1271,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Parafimbrios lao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
included in its fauna a different species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FDED4281FD12FE39" box="[574,731,404,429]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B956A94FFFF5FFB0FDED4281FD12FE39" box="[574,731,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Cyrtodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, new to the fauna of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C220EDEFFF5FFB0FC1B4280FB0EFE38" authority="(Schneider 2014)" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[968,1223,404,429]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Laos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33535CDFFF5FFB0FC1B4280FC37FE38" box="[968,1022,405,428]" name="Laos" pageId="13" pageNumber="536">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB308ACFFF5FFB0FBDE4281FB76FE38" author="Schneider" box="[1037,1215,404,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="536" refString="Schneider, N. (2014) Systematics, Zoogeography and Evolution of Laotian. Cyrtodactylus. Master of Science Thesis, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat, Bonn, 102 pp. [Germany]" type="book" year="2014">Schneider 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |