321 lines
31 KiB
XML
321 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1590/S1679-62252011000400003" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5423224" approvalRequired="18" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="18" checkinTime="1630383706249" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Londoño-Burbano, Alejandro, Román-Valencia, César & Taphorn, Donald C." docDate="2011" docId="038887A61B0FFF87FC15FEC028F8F82A" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.2011.68.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology 9 (4)" docSource="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252011000400003&lng=en&tlng=en" docStyle="DocumentStyle:85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5.4:NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Parodon alfonsoi Londoño-Burbano & Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2011, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="711" masterDocId="FFB1FFDE1B0EFF85FFD7FFAD2D4BFF83" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of Colombian Parodon (Characiformes: Parodontidae), with descriptions of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="730" masterPageNumber="709" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" updateTime="1630690330485" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic review of Colombian Parodon (Characiformes: Parodontidae), with descriptions of three new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Londoño-Burbano, Alejandro</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Román-Valencia, César</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Taphorn, Donald C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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||
<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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||
<mods:number>2011-12-31</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>9</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>709</mods:start>
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<mods:end>730</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252011000400003&lng=en&tlng=en</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1590/S1679-62252011000400003</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5423224</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038887A61B0FFF87FC15FEC028F8F82A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038887A61B0FFF87FC15FEC028F8F82A" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="711" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">
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<subSubSection box="[962,1298,365,389]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[962,1298,365,421]" box="[962,1298,365,389]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">
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||
<heading box="[962,1298,365,389]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" reason="2">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[962,1298,365,389]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">
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||
<taxonomicName authority="Londoño-Burbano & Román-Valencia & Taphorn, 2011" authorityName="Londoño-Burbano & Román-Valencia & Taphorn" authorityYear="2011" box="[962,1154,365,389]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alfonsoi" status="new species">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[962,1154,365,389]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Parodon alfonsoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1167,1298,365,389]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[1099,1161,397,421]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[962,1298,365,421]" box="[1099,1161,397,421]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">
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||
<figureCitation box="[1099,1161,397,421]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,174,631,655]" captionTargetBox="[138,1461,174,620]" captionTargetId="figure-681@2.[138,1461,174,620]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Parodon alfonsoi, Holotype, CIUA 1125, 103.4 mm SL. Colombia, Tucuy River, tributary of the Calenturitas River, lower Magdalena, La Jagua de Ibiricó." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5423226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5423226/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1099,1161,397,421]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Fig. 1</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="710" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,455,563]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-03-28" collectionCode="CIUA" collectorName="U. Jaramillo." country="Colombia" county="Municipio La Jagua de Ibirico" elevation="117" latitude="9.616667" location="rio Calenturitas" longLatPrecision="1299" longitude="-73.28333" municipality="rio Tucuy" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cesar" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,909,455,476]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">
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<typeStatus box="[809,905,455,476]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode box="[914,973,455,476]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">CIUA</collectionCode>
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<quantity box="[978,1134,455,477]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1251034" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" unit="mm" value="1125103.4">1125, 103.4 mm</quantity>
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SL,
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<collectingCountry box="[1178,1276,455,477]" name="Colombia" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[1284,1342,455,476]" country="Colombia" name="Cesar" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Cesar</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Municipio La Jagua de Ibiricó</collectingCounty>
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, lower río
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<collectingRegion box="[1079,1183,483,505]" country="Colombia" name="Magdalena" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Magdalena</collectingRegion>
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drainage,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[1276,1365,484,506]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">río Tucuy</collectingMunicipality>
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, tributary to the
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038887A61B0FFF87FC15FEC028F8F82A:8EFE606B1B0FFF84FCBDFDAD294CFD95" box="[874,1031,512,534]" country="Colombia" county="Municipio La Jagua de Ibirico" latitude="9.616667" longLatPrecision="1299" longitude="-73.28333" municipality="rio Tucuy" name="rio Calenturitas" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" stateProvince="Cesar">río Calenturitas</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[1043,1114,512,533]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" precision="925" value="9.616667">9°37’N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[1123,1212,512,533]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" precision="925" value="-73.28333">73°17’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation box="[1225,1415,512,534]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" unit="m" value="117.0">
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elevation
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<quantity box="[1323,1415,512,534]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" unit="m" value="117.0">117 masl</quantity>
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</elevation>
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,
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<date pageId="1" pageNumber="710" value="2007-03-28">
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<collectingDate pageId="1" pageNumber="710" value="2007-03-28">28 Mar 2007</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName box="[916,1044,541,563]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">U. Jaramillo.</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,602,681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">
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<materialsCitation box="[809,1259,602,624]" collectionCode="CIUA" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" specimenCode="CIUA 691, 10" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,919,602,623]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">
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<typeStatus box="[809,915,602,623]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode box="[925,1028,602,624]" collectionCode="CIUA" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">CIUA 691</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode box="[1038,1064,602,623]" collectionCode="CIUA" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">10</specimenCode>
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,
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<quantity box="[1073,1223,602,624]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.555" metricValueMax="10.69" metricValueMin="8.42" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" unit="mm" value="95.55" valueMax="106.9" valueMin="84.2">84.2-106.9 mm</quantity>
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SL
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="IUQ" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" specimenCode="IUQ 2614, 2" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCode box="[1268,1368,602,624]" collectionCode="IUQ" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8xqv-ibyz" name="Laboratorio de Ictiologia" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">IUQ 2614</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode box="[1377,1391,602,623]" collectionCode="IUQ" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8xqv-ibyz" name="Laboratorio de Ictiologia" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">2</specimenCode>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.184999999999999" metricValueMax="9.42" metricValueMin="8.95" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" unit="mm" value="91.85" valueMax="94.2" valueMin="89.5">89.5- 94.2 mm</quantity>
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SL
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="IUQ" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" specimenCode="IUQ 2546, 2" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCode box="[937,1036,631,653]" collectionCode="IUQ" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8xqv-ibyz" name="Laboratorio de Ictiologia" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">IUQ 2546</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode box="[1044,1056,631,652]" collectionCode="IUQ" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8xqv-ibyz" name="Laboratorio de Ictiologia" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">2</specimenCode>
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c&s,
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<quantity box="[1110,1244,631,653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.12" metricValueMax="9.51" metricValueMin="8.73" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" unit="mm" value="91.19999999999999" valueMax="95.1" valueMin="87.3">87.3-95.1 mm</quantity>
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SL, all collected with the
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<typeStatus box="[849,938,659,681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">holotype</typeStatus>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="710" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,720,1673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,927,720,744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Londoño-Burbano & Román-Valencia & Taphorn" authorityYear="2011" box="[936,1127,721,745]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alfonsoi">
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<emphasis box="[936,1127,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Parodon alfonsoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from its congeners in having a silvery blotch beneath the eye (
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<emphasis box="[1232,1254,753,776]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs</emphasis>
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. silvery suborbital blotch absent); a lateral stripe with conspicuous, dark, vertical projections along almost its entire length (from the opercle to the area above the anal-fin base origin) (
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<emphasis box="[1233,1255,849,872]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs</emphasis>
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. lateral stripe with inconspicuous vertical projections along its entire length or without projections). From
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1850" box="[1152,1330,913,937]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suborbitalis">
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<emphasis box="[1152,1330,913,937]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. suborbitalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it can be distinguished by the greater number of preanal scales (27-30
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<emphasis box="[809,838,977,1000]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs.</emphasis>
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24-27); by the lower number of cusps on premaxillary teeth (11-14
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<emphasis box="[892,915,1009,1032]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs</emphasis>
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. 15-17); and by the lower number of branched pectoral-fin rays (11-14
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<emphasis box="[1062,1084,1041,1064]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs</emphasis>
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. 14-17). It differs from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ingenito & Buckup" authorityYear="2005" box="[1329,1445,1041,1064]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moreirai">
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<emphasis box="[1329,1445,1041,1064]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. moreirai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[809,956,1073,1096]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pongoensis">
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<emphasis box="[809,956,1073,1096]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. pongoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1895" box="[970,1092,1073,1097]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caliensis">
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<emphasis box="[970,1092,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. caliensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Myers" authorityYear="1930" box="[1150,1277,1073,1097]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apolinari">
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<emphasis box="[1150,1277,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. apolinari</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of a lateral stripe with zigzag projections (
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<emphasis box="[1239,1268,1105,1128]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs.</emphasis>
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absence of lateral stripe with zigzag projections). From
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<taxonomicName box="[1184,1271,1137,1161]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hilarii">
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<emphasis box="[1184,1271,1137,1161]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. hilarii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it is differentiated by the straight edge of the premaxillary teeth (
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<emphasis box="[1331,1361,1169,1192]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs.</emphasis>
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slightly rounded) and length of projections of lateral stripe (three scales
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<emphasis box="[882,911,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs.</emphasis>
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two scales). From
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<taxonomicName box="[1124,1213,1233,1256]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasus">
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<emphasis box="[1124,1213,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. nasus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it is distinguished by elongated projections (
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<emphasis box="[1051,1080,1265,1288]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs.</emphasis>
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rounded projections) and in having the lateral stripe extending to the distal tip of the medial caudal rays (
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<emphasis box="[868,897,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs.</emphasis>
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absence of medial caudal rays with dark projection). It also differs in the number of preanal scales (27-30
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<emphasis box="[1357,1379,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs</emphasis>
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. fewer than 27, except in
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<taxonomicName box="[996,1086,1393,1417]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hilarii">
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<emphasis box="[996,1086,1393,1417]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. hilarii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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which has up to 28); greater caudal peduncle depth (13.3-16.3% SL
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<emphasis box="[1140,1162,1425,1448]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs</emphasis>
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. 12.9-14% in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Londoño-Burbano & Román-Valencia & Taphorn" authorityYear="2011" box="[1306,1445,1425,1448]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atratoensis">
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<emphasis box="[1306,1445,1425,1448]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. atratoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 10.7-13.9% in
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1887" box="[961,1071,1457,1481]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buckleyi">
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<emphasis box="[961,1071,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. buckleyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and 10.4-12.7% in
|
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1270,1410,1457,1480]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pongoensis">
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<emphasis box="[1270,1410,1457,1480]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. pongoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); in having no dark spots above the lateral stripe (
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<emphasis box="[1281,1303,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. spots present above lateral stripe except in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": BMNH" authorityYear="1972" box="[1106,1241,1521,1545]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bifasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1106,1241,1521,1545]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. bifasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and by the number of cusps in premaxillary teeth (12-14
|
||
<emphasis box="[1199,1228,1553,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity box="[1233,1321,1552,1577]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" metricValueMax="4.826" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" unit="in" value="17.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="15.0">15-19 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1325,1443,1553,1577]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carrikeri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1325,1443,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. carrikeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity box="[809,892,1585,1609]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.413" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="1.778" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" unit="in" value="9.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="7.0">7-12 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": BMNH" authorityYear="1972" box="[904,1059,1585,1609]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bifasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[904,1059,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. bifasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). It can be differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": IUQ" authorityYear="2312" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guyanensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">P. guyanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the number of teeth in the premaxilla (four
|
||
<emphasis box="[1422,1452,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
five).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="711" pageId="1" pageNumber="710" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,1712,1961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,947,1712,1736]" pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometric and meristic data given in
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[129,192,200,224]" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric measurements as percent of SL and HL for Parodon alfonsoi (n = 14), P. atratoensis (n = 5), P. magdalenensis (n = 70), and P. suborbitalis (n = 53). Hol. = holotype, Lect. = Lectotype. Standard and total length in mm." pageId="1" pageNumber="710">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<tableCitation box="[871,886,1745,1769]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[129,192,1385,1409]" captionText="Table 2. Counts for Parodon alfonsoi (n = 14), P. atratoensis (n = 5), P. magdalenensis (n = 70), and P. suborbitalis (n = 53)." pageId="1" pageNumber="710">2</tableCitation>
|
||
, respectively. Body cylindrical. Dorsal profile of trunk convex from posterior margin of supraoccipital process to dorsal-fin origin, angle diminishing up to adipose-fin origin, then concave to base of upper caudal-fin lobe. Ventral profile of trunk rounded to base of pelvic fins, then straight to posterior margin of anal fin and concave from that point to origin of lower caudal-fin lobe. Dorsal profile of head slightly concave
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[504,1459,97,122]" lastBlockId="2.[134,780,721,1641]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">
|
||
<emphasis box="[504,1084,97,119]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">A. Londoño-Burbano, C. Román-Valencia & D. C. Taphorn</emphasis>
|
||
711 from snout to anterior nares, then straight until supraoccipital. Ventral profile of head straight to isthmus; branchial membranes united to each other and free from isthmus. Eyes lateral; nares at height of eye, round, with membrane of skin that separates anterior and posterior orifices. Mouth ventral, upper lip absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5423226" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5423226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5423226/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="711" startId="2.[136,174,631,655]" targetBox="[138,1461,174,620]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1459,631,687]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,203,631,655]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Londoño-Burbano & Román-Valencia & Taphorn" authorityYear="2011" box="[208,388,631,655]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="711" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alfonsoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[208,388,631,655]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Parodon alfonsoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Holotype, CIUA 1125, 103.4 mm SL. Colombia, Tucuy River, tributary of the Calenturitas River, lower Magdalena, La Jagua de Ibiricó.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[134,780,721,1641]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Premaxillary hemiseries of four teeth arranged in straight line, each tooth with 11-14 small cusps. Teeth fit into lower jaw. Maxilla with one or two multicuspid teeth, smaller than premaxillary teeth and deeply embedded (about half of tooth exposed) in soft tissue covering bone. Lower jaw with 1-3 outwardly curved laterally located teeth without cusps, not visible when mouth closed.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[134,780,721,1641]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Pectoral fin short, not reaching pelvic-fin origins, located at vertical passing through posterior part of opercle, truncate, with fifth and sixth branched rays longest. Pelvic fin not reaching anal-fin origin, but reaching one scale beyond genital pore; pelvic fin inserted at vertical through middle of dorsal-fin base. Dorsal fin truncate, with first three branched rays longer and first unbranched ray completely dark, shorter than others. Dorsal-fin origin at vertical passing anterior to pelvic fin insertion but posterior to pectoral fin.Anal-fin origin at vertical passing through third scale anterior to adipose-fin origin.Anal fin not reaching origin of lower caudal-fin lobe. Caudal fin bilobed, with upper lobe little longer than lower, scales on base extending onto proximal 1/3 of fin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[134,780,721,1641]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Lateral line with 36-38 pored scales that reach to caudalfin base and sometimes extend onto basal third of that fin; scales in predorsal and ventral regions distributed regularly, axillary scale present, one or two normal scales in length.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[134,779,1680,1961]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[134,314,1680,1705]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal surface of snout and head gray, lighter yellow below horizontal through ventral margin of eye. Dorsum of body gray to black, darker than rest of body. Upper region of opercle with lighter blotch that contacts upper posterior part of infraorbital five. One, often rounded, conspicuous silvery spot (sometimes divided into two unequally sized spots) just below eye.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[134,779,1680,1961]" lastBlockId="2.[816,1459,721,1449]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Lateral portion of body dark yellow, lighter yellow below lateral stripe that consists of 18-20 horizontally elongate spots forming zigzag stripe with dorsal and ventral projections. This stripe better defined in anterior portion to level of dorsal-fin origin; spots oblique in part from posterior margin of dorsalfin base to level of vertical through scale just anterior to analfin origin, spots vertical posterior to that point, and narrower than those on anterior portion of body. Lateral stripe extending on to middle caudal-fin rays.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1459,721,1449]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">
|
||
Dorsal part of body separated from lateral stripe by lighter yellow row of scales that extends from snout to base of caudal fin, dorsal bands absent, color uniform.
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1293,1398,1009,1033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with transverse band at terminus of supraoccipital that extends to upper portion of opercle on each side of head (not observed in other specimens).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1459,721,1449]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Pectoral and pelvic fin with black or brown chromatophores scattered on first rays but without forming distinct spots or bands. First unbranched dorsal-fin ray dark for all its length, black chromatophores present on all dorsalfin rays but without forming spots or bars. All caudal-fin rays with chromatophores, densest along posterior margin, and reaching their distal portion but not forming spots or bars; middle rays black to their tips. Anal fin hyaline. Adipose fin with black base and white spot in central portion. Ventral part of body lighter, without spots or chromatophores.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1459,1488,1641]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,1035,1488,1512]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
|
||
Small breeding tubercles present on head, most numerous and conspicuous on ventral surface and snout, extending to tip of supraoccipital process where tubercles are smaller, less numerous and hard to see without magnification; observed in males between 84 and
|
||
<quantity box="[1172,1257,1617,1641]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="711" unit="mm" value="107.0">107 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL (all adults).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="711" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1459,1680,1737]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,962,1680,1704]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known from the río Tucuy, a tributary of the río Calenturitas, lower río
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1059,1178,1713,1737]" country="Colombia" name="Magdalena" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Magdalena</collectingRegion>
|
||
basin (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1253,1317,1713,1737]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[136,175,756,780]" captionTargetBox="[138,778,175,721]" captionTargetId="figure-463@4.[136,779,174,721]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Distribution of Parodon species in Colombia. Parodon apolinari (star); P. buckleyi (square); P. caliensis (diamond); P. pongoensis (pentagon); P. suborbitalis (circle); P. alfonsoi (arrow up); P. magdalenensis (triangle); P. atratoensis (X). Each symbol may represent more than one locality. Open symbols represents type locality of each species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5423228" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5423228/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="711" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1459,1777,1865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,945,1777,1801]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is named
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Londoño-Burbano & Román-Valencia & Taphorn" authorityYear="2011" box="[1184,1270,1777,1801]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="711" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alfonsoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1184,1270,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">alfonsoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, to honor Alfonso Londoño Orozco, father of the first author (AL-B), for his support and personal inspiration through the years.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="711" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1459,1904,1961]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,947,1904,1928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The color pattern and shape of the teeth in this new species are most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1850" box="[1160,1389,1937,1961]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Parodontidae" genus="Parodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="711" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suborbitalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1160,1389,1937,1961]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="711">Parodon suborbitalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |