153 lines
20 KiB
XML
153 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="0717E2298CB13DD9B0CDF9486B84FA77" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5506.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13745824" ID-ZooBank="AFDFAEE4-9B4A-4792-80E7-27DC9ECC23D8" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1726052091569" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Titus, Benjamin M., Bennett-Smith, Morgan F., Chiodo, Tommaso & Rodríguez, Estefanía" docDate="2024" docId="03818787644DFFC31BD2FA8DFACA76C0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5506.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5506 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5506.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Heteractidae Andres 1883" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFB8FFFF644EFFC01B45FF9BFFDB7179" masterDocTitle="The clownfish-hosting sea anemones (Anthozoa: Actiniaria): updated nomenclature, biogeography, and practical field guide." masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1726245086095" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="893251C13AEA46E6302BA329AC18E2D6">
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<mods:title id="AAD8524EAD43809DF5B3C4053E9C1871">The clownfish-hosting sea anemones (Anthozoa: Actiniaria): updated nomenclature, biogeography, and practical field guide.</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2CBD9CE23187E5EA931CEBBEBB1FF719" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="46C0FFB07B965A3E6FA8F91BB77B62B5">Titus, Benjamin M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E337799AF5BAA82A2164562DF2B7D210">Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA 35487 & Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Blvd, Dauphin Island, AL, USA 36528</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3315461B29B421491D0C5482F6F461D5">Bennett-Smith, Morgan F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B253B82E9099AA4E504ADC25B9F22A91">Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, USA, 02215</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="317F11E8653798D4BE836751E3EC7EBD" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E1B2A2BF7C70957622DDBBC26909BCD3">Chiodo, Tommaso</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2ED7852E0C804101ABB5AD9F1F7FEF52">Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA 35487 & Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Blvd, Dauphin Island, AL, USA 36528</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A846E66E78B6F65A1B2E2A3E4AA4349A">Rodríguez, Estefanía</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F3058FFCA381A950B5EDA8AA4F5AFED9">Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9A70278E0BF6B45793D96EE2DF0FCA9E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="85D512EAD8DC23694A205B8F57347818">
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<mods:date id="1E849AD2074F5E78E6F67679715993F0">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="28C05FB232EB9E443DDB7AA67EE69B1B">2024-09-05</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="479467CDC1FD1DB2C2894D0F54613888">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5506.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="0BDCB7F27688F5C36468CF473C8682CC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="18F08C532AB98407C302164567C47345" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5506.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03818787644DFFC31BD2FA8DFACA76C0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13760317" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13760317" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03818787644DFFC31BD2FA8DFACA76C0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03818787644DFFC31BD2FA8DFACA76C0" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="C332651A644DFFC31BD2FA8DFD997449" box="[151,578,1302,1328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B973691644DFFC31BD2FA8DFD997449" blockId="3.[151,578,1302,1328]" box="[151,578,1302,1328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<heading id="D0DF81FD644DFFC31BD2FA8DFD997449" bold="true" box="[151,578,1302,1328]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31BB2FA8DFD997449" ID-CoL="9H2NQ" authority="Andres, 1883" authorityName="Andres" authorityYear="1883" box="[247,578,1302,1328]" class="Anthozoa" family="Heteractidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Heteractidae Andres, 1883</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C332651A644DFFC31BD2FAC4FA9577E0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B973691644DFFC31BD2FAC4FA9577E0" blockId="3.[151,1437,1375,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B60644DFFC31BD2FAC4FE917400" author="England, K. W." box="[151,330,1375,1401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="45 - 55" refId="ref16276" refString="England, K. W. (1988) Redefinitions and systematics of Heteractis aurora, the genera Heteractis and Radianthus, and the family Heteractidae (Cnidaria: Actinaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology, 5 (1), 45 - 55." type="journal article" year="1988">
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<collectingCountry id="F33F7601644DFFC31BD2FAC4FF2F7400" box="[151,244,1375,1401]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">England</collectingCountry>
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(1988)
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</bibRefCitation>
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formally reinstated and modified the diagnosis of the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31F5BFAC4FB707400" authorityName="Andres" authorityYear="1883" box="[1054,1195,1375,1401]" class="Anthozoa" family="Heteractidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Heteractidae</taxonomicName>
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to include new data about members of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31AA7FA18FD8C74E5" authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1851" box="[482,599,1411,1436]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Heteractis</taxonomicName>
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and its
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<typeStatus id="54938833644DFFC319F1FA18FD3F74E4" box="[692,740,1411,1437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">type</typeStatus>
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species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31808FA18FB3174E4" authority="(Quoy & Gaimard, 1883)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[845,1258,1411,1437]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurora">H. aurora (Quoy & Gaimard, 1883)</taxonomicName>
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, which become monotypic.He left the remaining members formerly belonging to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31896FA3CFB9374B9" authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1851" box="[979,1096,1447,1472]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Heteractis</taxonomicName>
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in the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31F9EFA3CFA4274B8" authorityName="Andres" authorityYear="1883" box="[1243,1433,1447,1473]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Stichodactylidae</taxonomicName>
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, moving them to the resurrected genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31900FA50FC7D749C" authority="Kwietnewski, 1896" authorityName="Kwietnewski" authorityYear="1896" box="[581,934,1483,1509]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Radianthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Radianthus Kwietnewski, 1896</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC318F3FA50FBC5749D" baseAuthorityName="Hemprich & Ehrenberg in Ehrenberg" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[950,1054,1483,1508]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crispa">R. crispa</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31F6FFA50FB67749C" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[1066,1212,1483,1509]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="magnifica">R. magnifica</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31F82FA50FAC5749C" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Haddon & Shackleton" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1223,1310,1483,1509]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="malu">R. malu</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B60644DFFC31E73FA50FF087770" author="England, K. W." pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="45 - 55" refId="ref16276" refString="England, K. W. (1988) Redefinitions and systematics of Heteractis aurora, the genera Heteractis and Radianthus, and the family Heteractidae (Cnidaria: Actinaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology, 5 (1), 45 - 55." type="journal article" year="1988">
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<collectingCountry id="F33F7601644DFFC31E73FA50FA43749C" box="[1334,1432,1483,1509]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">England</collectingCountry>
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, 1988
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31BADFA74FE867771" authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1851" box="[232,349,1519,1544]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Heteractis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31AD0FA74FDCE7770" authorityName="Kwietnewski" authorityYear="1896" box="[405,533,1519,1545]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Radianthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Radianthus</taxonomicName>
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are differentiated by the presence of macrobasic amastigophore nematocysts (= p -mastigophores A with looped tubule according to cnidae terminology in Gusmão et al. 2018) in
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31FBCF988FAB17755" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[1273,1386,1555,1580]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurora">H. aurora</taxonomicName>
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that are absent in species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31AE9F9ACFDF47728" authorityName="Kwietnewski" authorityYear="1896" box="[428,559,1591,1617]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Radianthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Radianthus</taxonomicName>
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. Because the former
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31867F9ACFBEA7728" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[802,1073,1591,1617]" class="Anthozoa" family="Actiniidae" genus="Macrodactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="doreensis">Macrodactyla doreensis</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31F01F9ACFAF77728" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[1092,1324,1591,1617]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="doreensis">Heteractis doreensis</taxonomicName>
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after
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B60644DFFC31E35F9ACFECE770C" author="Yap, N. W. L. & Mitchell, M. L. & Quek, Z. B. R. & Tan, R. & Tan, K. S. & Huang, D." pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref18116" refString="Yap, N. W. L., Mitchell, M. L., Quek, Z. B. R., Tan, R., Tan, K. S. & Huang, D. (2023) Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the sea anemone Macrodactyla (Haddon, 1898) (Cnidaria, Actiniaria), with a description of a new species from Singapore. Zoological Studies, 62, 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="2023">Yap et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
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) does not have macrobasic p -amastigophores (ER unpubl. data), this species is referred to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31BD2F9E4FECC77E0" authorityName="Kwietnewski" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,279,1663,1689]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Radianthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Radianthus</taxonomicName>
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(as
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31A00F9E4FE1577E0" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[325,462,1663,1689]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="doreensis">R. doreensis</taxonomicName>
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) until phylogenetic relationships of former members of
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31F00F9E4FB6177E1" authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1851" box="[1093,1210,1663,1688]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Heteractis</taxonomicName>
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are clarified.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C332651A644DFFC31BD2F970FACA76C0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="taxon_list">
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<paragraph id="8B973691644DFFC31BD2F970FE91767C" blockId="3.[151,330,1771,1797]" box="[151,330,1771,1797]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<heading id="D0DF81FD644DFFC31BD2F970FE91767C" bold="true" box="[151,330,1771,1797]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">Included Taxa</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B973691644DFFC31BD2F8A8FD587634" blockId="3.[151,1436,1843,1977]" box="[151,643,1843,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC31BD2F8A8FD587634" authority="(Quoy & Gaimard, 1883)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[151,643,1843,1869]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurora">Heteractis aurora (Quoy & Gaimard, 1883)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B973691644DFFC31B82F8CCFACA76C0" blockId="3.[151,1436,1843,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Differentiated from other members formerly in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC3186BF8CCFC787609" authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1851" box="[814,931,1879,1904]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Heteractis</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of macrobasic amastigophores in several regions of the body. Although molecular data do not differentiate
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D12644DFFC3189FF8E0FB9376ED" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[986,1096,1915,1940]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurora">H. aurora</taxonomicName>
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from members formerly in the genus (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B60644DFFC31BA2F804FE7976C0" author="Titus, B. M. & Benedict, C. & Laroche, R. & Gusmao, L. C. & Van Deusen, V. & Chiodo, T. & Meyer, C. P. & Berumen, M. L. & Bartholomew, A. & Yanagi, K. & Reimer, J. D. & Fujii, T. & Daly, M. & Rodriguez, E." box="[231,418,1951,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refId="ref17881" refString="Titus, B. M., Benedict, C., Laroche, R., Gusmao, L. C., Van Deusen, V., Chiodo, T., Meyer, C. P., Berumen, M. L., Bartholomew, A., Yanagi, K., Reimer, J. D., Fujii, T., Daly, M. & Rodriguez, E. (2019) Phylogenetic relationships among the clownfish-hosting sea anemones. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 139, 106526. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2019.106526" type="journal volume" year="2019">Titus et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B60644DFFC31AE8F804FD8076C0" author="Yap, N. W. L. & Mitchell, M. L. & Quek, Z. B. R. & Tan, R. & Tan, K. S. & Huang, D." box="[429,603,1951,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref18116" refString="Yap, N. W. L., Mitchell, M. L., Quek, Z. B. R., Tan, R., Tan, K. S. & Huang, D. (2023) Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the sea anemone Macrodactyla (Haddon, 1898) (Cnidaria, Actiniaria), with a description of a new species from Singapore. Zoological Studies, 62, 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="2023">Yap et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
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), we follow
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B60644DFFC319A3F804FC4E76C0" author="England, K. W." box="[742,917,1951,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="45 - 55" refId="ref16276" refString="England, K. W. (1988) Redefinitions and systematics of Heteractis aurora, the genera Heteractis and Radianthus, and the family Heteractidae (Cnidaria: Actinaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology, 5 (1), 45 - 55." type="journal article" year="1988">
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<collectingCountry id="F33F7601644DFFC319A3F804FC9876C0" box="[742,835,1951,1977]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">England</collectingCountry>
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(1988)
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</bibRefCitation>
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until further revision is available.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |