198 lines
13 KiB
XML
198 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.68.729" ID-GBIF-Dataset="84c8a2ac-d7b8-46f3-9888-ce6c1485ac65" ID-PMC="PMC3088436" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-68-1" ID-PubMed="21594036" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2010" ModsDocID="1313-2970-68-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 68" ModsDocTitle="Skeletons in confusion: a review of astrophorid sponges with (dicho–)calthrops as structural megascleres (Porifera, Demospongiae, Astrophorida)" checkinTime="1451250894870" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Van Soest, Rob W. M., Beglinger, Elly J. & De Voogd, Nicole J." docDate="2010" docId="EBC2B4DB8BA3125A7620ADB14277B521" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 68: 1-88" docOrigin="ZooKeys 68" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.68.729" docTitle="Dercitus (Stoeba) bahamensis Soest, Beglinger & Voogd, 2010, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="5D0AFFB7C87613675E79FFF7DA38AE2E" masterDocTitle="Skeletons in confusion: a review of astrophorid sponges with (dicho-) calthrops as structural megascleres (Porifera, Demospongiae, Astrophorida)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1668164561298" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Skeletons in confusion: a review of astrophorid sponges with (dicho-) calthrops as structural megascleres (Porifera, Demospongiae, Astrophorida)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Van Soest, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Beglinger, Elly J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>De Voogd, Nicole J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>68</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>88</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.68.729</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.68.729</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-68-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159360701" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC0937B4-F5ED-406D-A4DC-E6DF6E331202" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EBC2B4DB8BA3125A7620ADB14277B521" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC0937B4-F5ED-406D-A4DC-E6DF6E331202" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Dercitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dercitus (Stoeba) bahamensis" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bahamensis" subGenus="Stoeba">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="27" pageNumber="28" start="start">Dercitus</pageBreakToken>
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Stoeba bahamensis
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="27" pageNumber="28">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Dercitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dercitus" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Dercitus</taxonomicName>
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sp.;
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<bibRefCitation author="Kohmoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Experientia" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="85 - 86" title="1,1 - Dimethyl- 5,6 - dihdroxylindolinium chloride from a deep water marine sponge, Dercitus sp." volume="44" year="1988">Kohmoto et al. 1988</bibRefCitation>
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: 85.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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Holotype HBOI 23
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–VIII–85–1–">-VIII-85-1-</normalizedToken>
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49, (HBOM 003.00040), with schizoholotype fragment ZMA Por. 07782, Bahamas, New Providence Island, NW of Goulding Cay, 25.025°N; 77.583°W, 210 m, coll. K. Rinehart in the Johnson SeaLink submersible, 23 August 1985, don. S.A. Pomponi and M.C.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Díaz">Diaz</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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Slippery smooth encrustation on dead coral (Fig. 13A); the present material (upper part of Fig. 13A) consists of three fragments of 12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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10, 8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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8 and 8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5 mm, of approx. 1-2 mm in thickness. The holotype (lower part of Fig. 13A) is a larger
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<pageBreakToken pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">fragment</pageBreakToken>
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of 7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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6 cm (not examined). Colour bright red when alive, darker red in alcohol. Consistency gum-like, easy to cut.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Skeleton: a confused mass of short-shafted triaenes and sanidasters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Spicules: calthrops-like short-shafted triaenes, dichocalthrops and sanidasters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Calthrops (Figs 13B, D) showing a clear rhabd, longer than the cladi, which are frequently curved or undulated or bifid. Cladi 138
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–166.7–">-166.7-</normalizedToken>
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186
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–22.5–">-22.5-</normalizedToken>
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28
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, cladomes 207
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–266.4–">-266.4-</normalizedToken>
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330
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter, rhabds 230
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–245.9–">-245.9-</normalizedToken>
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270
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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24
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–27.2–">-27.2-</normalizedToken>
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30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Regular symmetrical dichocalthrops (Figs 13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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) occur less frequently; protocladi 18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–29.0–">-29.0-</normalizedToken>
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35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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and deuterocladi 57
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–68.1–">-68.1-</normalizedToken>
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105
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–14.1–">-14.1-</normalizedToken>
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18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, rhabdomes 70
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–141.0–">-141.0-</normalizedToken>
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180
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–20.7–">-20.7-</normalizedToken>
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30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, cladomes 143
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–197.9–">-197.9-</normalizedToken>
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266
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Sanidasters (Fig. 13E) have an overall short and squat shape. They tend to be amphiaster-like with frequently more heavily spined apices; spines usually with secondary spines. Size 12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–13.3–">-13.3-</normalizedToken>
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15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2.85–">-2.85-</normalizedToken>
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3.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Figure 13.
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Dercitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dercitus (Stoeba) bahamensis" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bahamensis" subGenus="Stoeba">Dercitus (Stoeba) bahamensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., A schizoholotype ZMA Por. 07782 and holotype HBOI 23
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–VIII–85–1–">-VIII-85-1-</normalizedToken>
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49 (photo J. Reed, scale bar 1 cm), from Bahamas, New Providence Island B calthrops C dichocalthrops D overview of spicules E various sanidasters.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Named for its type locality.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Collected by submersible at 210 m depth.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Known only from the Bahamian type locality.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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This is a
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Dercitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dercitus (Stoeba)" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Stoeba">Dercitus (Stoeba)</taxonomicName>
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species similar to Brazilian
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Dercitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dercitus (Stoeba) latex" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="latex" subGenus="Stoeba">Dercitus (Stoeba) latex</taxonomicName>
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(Moraes & Muricy, 2007) in shape, colour and consistency. It differs clearly in possessing dichocalthrops and larger unequal-claded calthrops, and the sanidasters are also clearly shaped and sized differently (long and thin with simple spines in
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Dercitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dercitus (Stoeba) latex" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="latex" subGenus="Stoeba">Dercitus (Stoeba) latex</taxonomicName>
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). The Bonaire
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Dercitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dercitus (Stoeba)" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Stoeba">Dercitus (Stoeba)</taxonomicName>
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specimen described below differs in being insinuating, lacking dichocalthrops and also having thin sanidasters with undivided rays.
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Dercitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dercitus (Halinastra) lutea" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lutea" subGenus="Halinastra">Dercitus (Halinastra) lutea</taxonomicName>
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(Pulitzer-Finali, 1986, see below) is yellow, lacks dichocalthrops and has compressed sanidasters in its spicule complement.
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Dercitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dercitus (Halinastra) arubensis" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arubensis" subGenus="Halinastra">Dercitus (Halinastra) arubensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (see below) differs from the new species in lacking dichocalthrops and possessing thick smooth microrhabds.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |