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<document id="0C681BE3CB9CB03649499F185F2CE57D" ID-CLB-Dataset="299258" ID-DOI="10.56042/ijms.v52i07.10414" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c3b5a8f7-2c9b-484e-9618-eba66a1b4447" ID-ISSN="2582-6727" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11622401" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1718210270544" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Shafique, S, Burhan, Z, Jabeen, H, Rasheed, M, Ali, A &amp; Siddiqui, P J A" docDate="2023" docId="9F7287D2FF8A9669D331F8C8FE6E77A7" docLanguage="en" docName="IndianJGeoMarScie.52.07.347-353.pdf" docOrigin="Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences 52 (7)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7219E6AB952790EDDABA71E2B40E19C1.1:IndianJGeoMarScie.2022-.journal_article" docStyleId="7219E6AB952790EDDABA71E2B40E19C1" docStyleName="IndianJGeoMarScie.2022-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Callyspongia (Cladochalina) fibrosa" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="351" masterDocId="634BFFAAFF89966DD061FFD2FF8F7172" masterDocTitle="Re-description of two marine sponge species (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) from the coast of Karachi, Pakistan, Northern Arabian Sea" masterLastPageNumber="353" masterPageNumber="347" pageNumber="350" updateTime="1719842749344" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0">
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<mods:title id="13F3095A0D9C9EDB379F5AFDA1823A3D">Re-description of two marine sponge species (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) from the coast of Karachi, Pakistan, Northern Arabian Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4DF1583358C6F426A90007E199ED2953">Shafique, S</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4AF667E008CE0ED8BFA020D3920DD664">Burhan, Z</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="162F700CE0DE494094DB920DB218B0DA">Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi - 75270, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5EF1599918C08B6FCDC437C7C3195CB1">Jabeen, H</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F392607D7D1EB6EF95662AC30C1ACBE2">Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi - 75270, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E2AD9E9C7EDE5EF1B75A798AC098C8C7">Rasheed, M</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E9D4E5F3F6F77906FECAA6D7C9EAA682">Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi - 75270, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9E4A1A40A43B5930FE3BF5DCA8AF08AA">Ali, A</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5357AAD674B5EF6846F26F4045126D29">Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi - 75270, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F0B1995CA63E742F50A5E21A630E1310">Siddiqui, P J A</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F011AB79B075AE66473F226412178675">Iqra University Directorate of Advance Studies and Research, Shaheed-e-Millat Rd, Phase 2, Defence View Housing Society, Karachi - 75500, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="89D4041A179E4E04E6239D5CABC00954">Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2927ED71F872FE2D037905BD136B09A1">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EE6003FBC84DBF246CEF461C306FA6CF">2023-07-31</mods:number>
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<treatment id="9F7287D2FF8A9669D331F8C8FE6E77A7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12607845" ID-GBIF-Taxon="234286200" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12607845" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F7287D2FF8A9669D331F8C8FE6E77A7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F7287D2FF8A9669D331F8C8FE6E77A7" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<subSubSection id="5FC1654FFF8A966ED331F8C8FAFB7646" box="[848,1396,1811,1844]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8A966ED331F8C8FAFB7646" blockId="3.[848,1396,1615,1844]" box="[848,1396,1811,1844]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<taxonomicName id="D0DB4D47FF8A966ED331F8C8FA8D7646" ID-CoL="5WVC9" authority="(Ridley and Dendy, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Ridley and Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[848,1282,1818,1844]" class="Demospongiae" family="Callyspongiidae" genus="Callyspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fibrosa" subGenus="Cladochalina">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8A966ED331F8C8FC627646" box="[848,1005,1818,1844]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Callyspongia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8A966ED39FF8C8FB117646" box="[1022,1182,1818,1844]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Cladochalina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8A966ED4CEF8C8FA8D7646" box="[1199,1282,1818,1844]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">fibrosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="734A4B35FF8A966ED563F8C1FA9A7651" author="Ridley S O &amp; Dendy A" box="[1282,1301,1811,1827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" pagination="325 - 351" refId="ref4694" refString="39 Ridley S O &amp; Dendy A, Preliminary Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger', J Nat Hist, 18 (1986) 325 - 351." type="journal article" year="1986">
<superScript id="E0AE9B8CFF8A966ED563F8C1FA9A7651" attach="left" box="[1282,1301,1811,1827]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">39</superScript>
</bibRefCitation>
(
<figureCitation id="8FE02A41FF8A966ED544F8C8FAE57646" box="[1317,1386,1818,1844]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[160,195,1235,1256]" captionTargetBox="[213,1441,285,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-271@3.[202,1450,275,1221]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3 — (a) Specimen of Callyspongia (Cladochalina) fibrosa (Ridley and Dendy, 1886), (b) Light microscopic image of tangential skeleton shows tufted spongin network (scale = 20 µm), (c) Light microscopic image of microtome-section showing spiculo-fibres, and (d) Scanning electron microscopic image of siliceous spicules (scale = 5 µm)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11622407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11622407/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5FC1654FFF8A966ED331F88FFA4976C6" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="synonymic_list">
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8A966ED331F88FFC337600" blockId="3.[848,1488,1885,1972]" box="[848,956,1885,1906]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8A966ED331F88FFC337600" bold="true" box="[848,956,1885,1906]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Synonymy</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8A966ED311F8ABFA4976C6" blockId="3.[848,1488,1885,1972]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<taxonomicName id="D0DB4D47FF8A966ED311F8ABFA1776E1" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1887" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1887" box="[880,1432,1913,1939]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Pachychalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fibrosa">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8A966ED311F8ABFBFF76E1" box="[880,1136,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Pachychalina fibrosa</emphasis>
Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1887
</taxonomicName>
, 21- 22, Pl IV,
<figureCitation id="8FE02A41FF8A966ED3A8F848FBA376C6" box="[969,1068,1946,1972]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[160,195,1235,1256]" captionTargetBox="[213,1441,285,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-271@3.[202,1450,275,1221]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3 — (a) Specimen of Callyspongia (Cladochalina) fibrosa (Ridley and Dendy, 1886), (b) Light microscopic image of tangential skeleton shows tufted spongin network (scale = 20 µm), (c) Light microscopic image of microtome-section showing spiculo-fibres, and (d) Scanning electron microscopic image of siliceous spicules (scale = 5 µm)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11622407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11622407/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figure 3</figureCitation>
and 4,
<taxonomicName id="D0DB4D47FF8A966ED4E3F848FAFE76C6" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[1154,1393,1946,1972]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Dasychalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fibrosa">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8A966ED4E3F848FAFE76C6" box="[1154,1393,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Dasychalina fibrosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="734A4B35FF8A966ED510F846FA0B76D6" author="Ridley S O &amp; Dendy A" box="[1393,1412,1940,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" pagination="325 - 351" refId="ref4694" refString="39 Ridley S O &amp; Dendy A, Preliminary Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger', J Nat Hist, 18 (1986) 325 - 351." type="journal article" year="1986">
<superScript id="E0AE9B8CFF8A966ED510F846FA0B76D6" attach="left" box="[1393,1412,1940,1956]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">39</superScript>
</bibRefCitation>
, 330.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5FC1654FFF8D9669D0C1FECBFEF47003" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0C1FECBFEEE705C" blockId="4.[160,799,281,369]" box="[160,353,281,302]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8D9669D0C1FECBFEEE705C" bold="true" box="[160,353,281,302]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0A1FEE4FEF47003" blockId="4.[160,799,281,369]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<materialsCitation id="A7B33C99FF8D9669D0A1FEE4FEF47003" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4900652301" collectingDate="2013-02-09" elevation="9" location="Churna Island" municipality="Karachi" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" specimenCount="1">
CEMB-POR-02;
<date id="63651004FF8D9669D1F0FEE4FDD07022" box="[401,607,310,336]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" value="2013-02-09">
<collectingDate id="7321E9ECFF8D9669D1F0FEE4FDD07022" box="[401,607,310,336]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" value="2013-02-09">9 February 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<location id="1204601FFF8D9669D20EFEE4FC947022" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F7287D2FF8A9669D331F8C8FE6E77A7:1204601FFF8D9669D20EFEE4FC947022" box="[623,795,310,336]" municipality="Karachi" name="Churna Island" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Churna Island</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="F700ACBEFF8D9669D0C1FE85FE8E7003" box="[160,257,343,369]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Karachi</collectingMunicipality>
;
<quantity id="D0239B21FF8D9669D16DFE85FEF87003" box="[268,375,343,369]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="m" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">
<elevation id="9CF6D1F7FF8D9669D16DFE85FEF87003" box="[268,375,343,369]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="m" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">7 – 10 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5FC1654FFF8D9669D0C1FE46FE077474" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="description">
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0C1FE46FEFE70DB" blockId="4.[160,800,404,694]" box="[160,369,404,425]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8D9669D0C1FE46FEFE70DB" bold="true" box="[160,369,404,425]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Material description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0A1FE62FD2F73C4" blockId="4.[160,800,404,694]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
Erect, irregular, branched; stout branches, coarsely fibrous, aculeated, elastic, brittle, hard and compressible. Each branch bears on one side large circular shallow oscules. Length of tubular branch ranges
<quantity id="D0239B21FF8D9669D09BFDE5FE167323" box="[250,409,567,593]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="20.0">20 – 50 mm</quantity>
from base to osculum and the width ranged between
<quantity id="D0239B21FF8D9669D1B2FD8BFDBD7301" box="[467,562,601,627]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
and
<quantity id="D0239B21FF8D9669D2E7FD8BFD7B7301" box="[646,756,601,627]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 mm</quantity>
in diameter. Canal length from inside the tubular branch is about
<quantity id="D0239B21FF8D9669D162FD4EFED773C4" box="[259,344,668,694]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
, narrower towards the base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0C1FD0BFF67739C" blockId="4.[160,800,729,817]" box="[160,232,729,750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8D9669D0C1FD0BFF67739C" bold="true" box="[160,232,729,750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Colour</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0A1FD27FE837243" blockId="4.[160,800,729,817]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
Pale yellow in life and yellowish white in alcohol (
<figureCitation id="8FE02A41FF8D9669D0C8FCC5FF707243" box="[169,255,791,817]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[160,195,1235,1256]" captionTargetBox="[213,1441,285,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-271@3.[202,1450,275,1221]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3 — (a) Specimen of Callyspongia (Cladochalina) fibrosa (Ridley and Dendy, 1886), (b) Light microscopic image of tangential skeleton shows tufted spongin network (scale = 20 µm), (c) Light microscopic image of microtome-section showing spiculo-fibres, and (d) Scanning electron microscopic image of siliceous spicules (scale = 5 µm)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11622407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11622407/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0C1FC86FEEB721B" blockId="4.[160,800,852,940]" box="[160,356,852,873]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8D9669D0C1FC86FEEB721B" bold="true" box="[160,356,852,873]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Ectosomal skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0A1FCA2FE2472DE" blockId="4.[160,800,852,940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
Thin, spiny, distinct and translucent. Spines length ranges from
<quantity id="D0239B21FF8D9669D155FC40FE2872DE" box="[308,423,914,940]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3 – 5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0C1FC1CFE097291" blockId="4.[160,800,974,1062]" box="[160,390,974,995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8D9669D0C1FC1CFE097291" bold="true" box="[160,390,974,995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Choanosomal skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0A1FC39FEDB7554" blockId="4.[160,800,974,1062]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
Irregular coarse reticulation of stout spiculo-fibres (
<figureCitation id="8FE02A41FF8D9669D0C8FBDEFECA7554" box="[169,325,1036,1062]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[160,195,1235,1256]" captionTargetBox="[213,1441,285,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-271@3.[202,1450,275,1221]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3 — (a) Specimen of Callyspongia (Cladochalina) fibrosa (Ridley and Dendy, 1886), (b) Light microscopic image of tangential skeleton shows tufted spongin network (scale = 20 µm), (c) Light microscopic image of microtome-section showing spiculo-fibres, and (d) Scanning electron microscopic image of siliceous spicules (scale = 5 µm)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11622407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11622407/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Fig. 3b and c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0C1FB9BFF7B752C" blockId="4.[160,800,1097,1286]" box="[160,244,1097,1118]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8D9669D0C1FB9BFF7B752C" bold="true" box="[160,244,1097,1118]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Spicules</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0A1FBB7FE077474" blockId="4.[160,800,1097,1286]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
Densely packed in spongin fibres in the form of reticulate bundles about the thickness of
<quantity id="D0239B21FF8D9669D2D7FB55FC9375D3" box="[694,796,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
. They are small, smooth, and slender with blunt ends (length ranging from 66 – 84 µm and width from 2 – 3 µm) (
<figureCitation id="8FE02A41FF8D9669D142FB3EFEF47474" box="[291,379,1260,1286]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[160,195,1235,1256]" captionTargetBox="[213,1441,285,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-271@3.[202,1450,275,1221]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3 — (a) Specimen of Callyspongia (Cladochalina) fibrosa (Ridley and Dendy, 1886), (b) Light microscopic image of tangential skeleton shows tufted spongin network (scale = 20 µm), (c) Light microscopic image of microtome-section showing spiculo-fibres, and (d) Scanning electron microscopic image of siliceous spicules (scale = 5 µm)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11622407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11622407/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Fig. 3d</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5FC1654FFF8D9669D0C1FAFBFD7F742D" box="[160,752,1321,1375]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0C1FAFBFD7F742D" blockId="4.[160,752,1321,1375]" box="[160,752,1321,1375]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8D9669D0C1FAFBFF7E744C" bold="true" box="[160,241,1321,1342]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Ecology</emphasis>
Shallow coastal rocky shelf of about
<quantity id="D0239B21FF8D9669D212FA97FD10742D" box="[627,671,1349,1375]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5FC1654FFF8D9669D0C1FAADFD5674A5" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0C1FAADFE9274E6" blockId="4.[160,800,1407,1495]" box="[160,285,1407,1428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8D9669D0C1FAADFE9274E6" bold="true" box="[160,285,1407,1428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0A1FA49FD5674A5" blockId="4.[160,800,1407,1495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
Indo-Pacific, Eastern
<collectingCountry id="6FCC7654FF8D9669D263FA49FD0674C7" box="[514,649,1435,1461]" name="Philippines" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, Southern
<collectingCountry id="6FCC7654FF8D9669D0C1FA6FFE8774A5" box="[160,264,1469,1495]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6FCC7654FF8D9669D172FA6FFEF074A5" box="[275,383,1469,1495]" name="Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Australia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="6FCC7654FF8D9669D1D9FA6FFD9474A5" box="[440,539,1469,1495]" name="Pakistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
(present study).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5FC1654FFF8D9669D0C1FA24FE6E77A7" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0C1FA24FF727779" blockId="4.[160,801,1526,1749]" box="[160,253,1526,1547]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8D9669D0C1FA24FF727779" bold="true" box="[160,253,1526,1547]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="176436C4FF8D9669D0A1F9C0FE6E77A7" blockId="4.[160,801,1526,1749]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
The specimen is certainly comparable with the
<taxonomicName id="D0DB4D47FF8D9669D0C1F9E6FE26773C" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1887" box="[160,425,1588,1614]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Pachychalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fibrosa">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8D9669D0C1F9E6FE26773C" box="[160,425,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Pachychalina fibrosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="734A4B35FF8D9669D1CBF9FCFE32774C" author="Ridley S O &amp; Dendy A" box="[426,445,1582,1598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="1 - 275" refId="ref4779" refString="41 Ridley S O &amp; Dendy A, Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876, Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger', 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 20 (1887) 1 - 275." type="journal article" year="1887">
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</bibRefCitation>
and
<taxonomicName id="D0DB4D47FF8D9669D270F9E6FC82773C" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[529,781,1588,1614]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Dasychalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fibrosa">
<emphasis id="25AFEAD6FF8D9669D270F9E6FC82773C" box="[529,781,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Dasychalina fibrosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="734A4B35FF8D9669D36FF9FCFCAE774C" author="Ridley S O &amp; Dendy A" box="[782,801,1582,1598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="325 - 351" refId="ref4694" refString="39 Ridley S O &amp; Dendy A, Preliminary Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger', J Nat Hist, 18 (1986) 325 - 351." type="journal article" year="1986">
<superScript id="E0AE9B8CFF8D9669D36FF9FCFCAE774C" attach="right" box="[782,801,1582,1598]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">39</superScript>
</bibRefCitation>
with some exemptions, as the branches are larger than the original specimen. The colour of the specimen after preservation was whitish yellow. Spicules have blunt ends of similar size
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</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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