433 lines
50 KiB
XML
433 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="73A904E8EAF1C56B74BF17C9CCAB33EA" ID-CLB-Dataset="27466" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4550.4.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="59efae63-9286-44d9-bf6e-f06fe0f7049e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2625665" ID-ZooBank="CD870ED4-7BC1-49A7-A009-34726F292933" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1554277420506" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Kim, Junggon, García-Becerra, Rafael & Jung, Sunghoon" docDate="2019" docId="8E4C8799FFA73B22FF57FEB7C392F850" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4550.4.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4550 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ceratocombus (Xylonannus) stysi Roca-Cusachs & Kim & García-Becerra & Jung 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="562" masterDocId="7275FFE1FFA53B27FFC0FFF3C163FFA1" masterDocTitle="Journey to the Center of the Earth: Description of a new troglomorphic litter-bug species inhabiting lava tubes in the Canary Islands (Heteroptera: Dipsocoromorpha: Ceratocombidae)" masterLastPageNumber="564" masterPageNumber="557" pageNumber="559" updateTime="1698717183345" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="41D92CA1A821B4DD0AE4BFB673EDF8C9">
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<mods:title id="5E8736960F865D764C73B91AC38D75EE">Journey to the Center of the Earth: Description of a new troglomorphic litter-bug species inhabiting lava tubes in the Canary Islands (Heteroptera: Dipsocoromorpha: Ceratocombidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="4346DBC868F92A3D7E550D04D7449E89" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FC4EFB88681F088B418EADC9636B97D2">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9620BFA6440EACE7AD26F2CFEB92E58C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C4BFA12F6CC09C3C59DD453C8DA18001">Roca-Cusachs, Marcos</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="BE03ECCC4D03C2FBE4E92654F7B0F279" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="00B29048E3B2075C54084CE804F6507D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8D4E04D1DC24F82A046C05BAEF6F8878">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="08B13BCD1316B5CEB54DF8B85D061A8C">Kim, Junggon</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="5BFA8E7C2286778FCE2FF371D06C82A9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D0D5E14B57C90185008D97411DB7E5E9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6ECE0D6E3EE29637832B6B68F30A708B">García-Becerra, Rafael</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="C240455E0E66467F0893B5F9D75223D6" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="10E1D89C09FE552B9D3516F27DA35EA3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F35528CA7B8FEFEB649A90BA8A846814">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4283DD3B7DFC2568D397FAD85A222B6F">Jung, Sunghoon</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B2898B4FBFADE0170B80FCF557F608DF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="9EC1016E7C6772126DAAA6010CB773D7">
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<mods:title id="DFA770A7B0381728986D888834091032">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="17D5EFEB4545C29FE4AC2959AAFD3018">
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<mods:date id="7706C1AD1F5EFEC75D8C867ECFD51A11">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B8E48298CCDD9C076857812B1CD48D65">2019-01-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="B01811ED48B4579092605B872275E19B" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="70D624A3A61FC20C8025E9B14F7CD6FB">4550</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="CCDEA1131167206C690C8732FAC354E9" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="DB21F382ED1E73528ED0ACEBA312BA48">4</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="D51F1BF497868C95302F7FF22331E1B1" type="CLB-Dataset">27466</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="57A59F88630E8A7D8C9FA1BFE771E780" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4550.4.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BACB5C40FBC258DEB8D643E189954BA2" type="GBIF-Dataset">59efae63-9286-44d9-bf6e-f06fe0f7049e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B0DDDFB068CAF2AE10C1E84E620BDCD7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="89912F7ED182AC3DF25E87A864D89037" type="Zenodo-Dep">2625665</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="8E4C8799FFA73B22FF57FEB7C392F850" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5940613" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154533081" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5940613" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8E4C8799FFA73B22FF57FEB7C392F850" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8E4C8799FFA73B22FF57FEB7C392F850" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="562" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
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<subSubSection id="4EFF6504FFA73B25FF57FEB7C5E1FEFE" box="[151,1154,324,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="065A368FFFA73B25FF57FEB7C5E1FEFE" blockId="2.[151,1154,324,351]" box="[151,1154,324,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
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<heading id="5D1281E3FFA73B25FF57FEB7C5E1FEFE" bold="true" box="[151,1154,324,351]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FF57FEB7C5E1FEFE" bold="true" box="[151,1154,324,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
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||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA73B25FF57FEB7C34DFEFF" authority="Roca-Cusachs & Kim & García-Becerra & Jung, 2019" authorityName="Roca-Cusachs & Kim & García-Becerra & Jung" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,558,324,351]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratocombidae" genus="Ceratocombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Xylonannus">
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||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FF57FEB7C026FEFF" bold="true" box="[151,325,324,350]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Ceratocombus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FE96FEB7C08BFEFF" bold="true" box="[342,488,324,350]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Xylonannus</emphasis>
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||
)
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<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FE3AFEB7C34DFEFF" bold="true" box="[506,558,324,350]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">stysi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2FA257E6FFA73B25FDF5FEB6C3F0FEFE" box="[565,659,325,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Roca-Cusachs, García-Becerra & Jung
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="4EFF6504FFA73B25FF57FE7FC474FDF9" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA73B25FF57FE7FC3B4FD95" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
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||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FF57FE7FC02DFE04" bold="true" box="[151,334,396,421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Type Material:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="B68D3CD2FFA73B25FE99FE7FC372FE69" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2234217711" collectingDate="1995-01-15" collectionCode="CRBA" location="CANARY ISLANDS" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Canarias" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="D95E882DFFA73B25FE99FE7FC0A5FE04" box="[345,454,396,421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
:
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<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FE14FE7FC268FE04" bold="true" box="[468,779,396,421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
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||
<collectingRegion id="C421F86DFFA73B25FE14FE7FC3B0FE04" box="[468,723,396,421]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">CANARY ISLANDS</collectingRegion>
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, LA
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</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA73B25FCD6FE7FC542FE04" authority=": Mazo, Llano" authorityName="Mazo, Llano" box="[790,1057,396,421]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FCD6FE7FC219FE04" bold="true" box="[790,890,396,421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">PALMA</emphasis>
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: Mazo, Llano
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</taxonomicName>
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los Caños.
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<specimenCount id="10E3FD06FFA73B25FB70FE7FC5BDFE05" box="[1200,1246,396,420]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" type="generic">1M.</specimenCount>
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||
<collectingDate id="621FE9A7FFA73B25FB2AFE7FC43AFE04" box="[1258,1369,396,421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="1995-01-15">
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||
<date id="725B104FFFA73B25FB2AFE7FC43AFE04" box="[1258,1369,396,421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="1995-01-15">15.I.1995</date>
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</collectingDate>
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. [Dry mounted]
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<collectionCode id="60F4AE4AFFA73B25FECAFE43C035FE69" box="[266,342,432,456]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">CRBA</collectionCode>
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(CRBA-78277)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="B68D3CD2FFA73B25FDDCFE43C3B4FD95" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2234217709" collectingDate="1995-01-15" collectingDateMax="2009-07-23" collectingDateMin="1995-01-15" collectionCode="CNU" collectorName="de la Grilla & Puntagorda & Cueva & Cascaras & Dry & In" location="Llano" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Canarias" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<typeStatus id="D95E882DFFA73B25FDDCFE43C3EDFE69" box="[540,654,432,456]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
:
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||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FD59FE5CC2AAFE69" bold="true" box="[665,969,431,456]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C421F86DFFA73B25FD59FE5CC2F6FE69" box="[665,917,431,456]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">CANARY ISLANDS</collectingRegion>
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||
, LA
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</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA73B25FC11FE5CC5BEFE69" authority=": Mazo, Cueva" authorityName="Mazo, Cueva" box="[977,1245,431,456]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FC11FE5CC556FE69" bold="true" box="[977,1077,431,456]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">PALMA</emphasis>
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||
: Mazo, Cueva
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</taxonomicName>
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||
del
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<location id="033A6054FFA73B25FACFFE5CC433FE69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8E4C8799FFA73B22FF57FEB7C392F850:033A6054FFA73B25FACFFE5CC433FE69" box="[1295,1360,431,456]" name="Llano" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" stateProvince="Canarias">Llano</location>
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de los Caños. 6 exx.
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||
<collectingDate id="621FE9A7FFA73B25FEFAFE27C0C6FE4C" box="[314,421,468,493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="1995-01-15">
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<date id="725B104FFFA73B25FEFAFE27C0C6FE4C" box="[314,421,468,493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="1995-01-15">15.I.1995</date>
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</collectingDate>
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alcohol
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<collectionCode id="60F4AE4AFFA73B25FDC8FE27C324FE4D" box="[520,583,468,492]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kyjm-bn0n" name="Capital Normal University, College of Life Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">CNU</collectionCode>
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; 4 exx.
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<collectingDate id="621FE9A7FFA73B25FD61FE27C26DFE4C" box="[673,782,468,493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="1995-01-15">
|
||
<date id="725B104FFFA73B25FD61FE27C26DFE4C" box="[673,782,468,493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="1995-01-15">15.I.1995</date>
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||
</collectingDate>
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||
, in Alcohol. In RGB; 3 exx.
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||
<collectingDate id="621FE9A7FFA73B25FB93FE27C5B7FE4C" box="[1107,1236,468,493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="1995-09-19">
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||
<date id="725B104FFFA73B25FB93FE27C5B7FE4C" box="[1107,1236,468,493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="1995-09-19">19.IX.1995</date>
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||
</collectingDate>
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. Dry mounted. In RGB; Barlovento, Cueva del barranco
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<collectorName id="AB105359FFA73B25FD87FE04C3A4FDB1" box="[583,711,503,528]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">de la Grilla</collectorName>
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||
, 2 exx.
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||
<collectingDate id="621FE9A7FFA73B25FCDCFE0BC2CAFDB1" box="[796,937,504,528]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="2009-07-23">
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||
<date id="725B104FFFA73B25FCDCFE0BC2CAFDB1" box="[796,937,504,528]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="2009-07-23">23.VII.2009</date>
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||
</collectingDate>
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||
. In Alcohol.
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||
<collectionCode id="60F4AE4AFFA73B25FBF8FE0BC514FDB1" box="[1080,1143,504,528]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kyjm-bn0n" name="Capital Normal University, College of Life Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">CNU</collectionCode>
|
||
;
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||
<collectorName id="AB105359FFA73B25FB41FE04C460FDB1" box="[1153,1283,503,528]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Puntagorda</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName id="AB105359FFA73B25FACEFE0BC436FDB1" box="[1294,1365,504,528]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Cueva</collectorName>
|
||
de las
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||
<collectorName id="AB105359FFA73B25FF57FDEFC19EFD95" box="[151,253,540,564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Cáscaras</collectorName>
|
||
, 1 ex.
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||
<collectingDate id="621FE9A7FFA73B25FE86FDEFC0B2FD95" box="[326,465,540,564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="2000-12-24">
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||
<date id="725B104FFFA73B25FE86FDEFC0B2FD95" box="[326,465,540,564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" value="2000-12-24">24.XII.2000</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="AB105359FFA73B25FE1DFDEEC36AFD94" box="[477,521,541,565]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Dry</collectorName>
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||
mounted.
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||
<collectorName id="AB105359FFA73B25FDBFFDEEC3F5FD95" box="[639,662,541,564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">In</collectorName>
|
||
RGB
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA73B25FF07FDCCC474FDF9" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2005]" box="[199,1303,575,600]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B68D3CD2FFA73B25FF07FDCCC474FDF9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2234217710" box="[199,1303,575,600]" collectionCode="CAVE" location="Canos" municipality="Llano" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Canarias" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FF07FDCCC3FDFDF9" bold="true" box="[199,670,575,600]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<typeStatus id="D95E882DFFA73B25FF07FDCCC061FDF9" box="[199,258,575,600]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C421F86DFFA73B25FEB0FDCCC309FDF9" box="[368,618,575,600]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">CANARY ISLANDS</collectingRegion>
|
||
, LA
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA73B25FD64FDCCC2CFFDF9" authority=": Mazo, Cueva" authorityName="Mazo, Cueva" box="[676,940,575,600]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FD64FDCCC26AFDF9" bold="true" box="[676,777,575,600]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">PALMA</emphasis>
|
||
: Mazo, Cueva
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
del
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="E63EACF5FFA73B25FC1DFDCCC57DFDF9" box="[989,1054,575,600]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Llano</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
de los
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||
<location id="033A6054FFA73B25FBAEFDB3C5D7FDF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8E4C8799FFA73B22FF57FEB7C392F850:033A6054FFA73B25FBAEFDB3C5D7FDF9" box="[1134,1204,576,600]" municipality="Llano" name="Canos" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" stateProvince="Canarias">Caños</location>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode id="60F4AE4AFFA73B25FB02FDB3C472FDF9" box="[1218,1297,576,600]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wvdq-gi6n" name="DOI/NPS, Carlsbad Caverns National Park" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">CAVE</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EFF6504FFA73B25FF07FD97C3CFFCD6" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA73B25FF07FD97C3CFFCD6" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FF07FD97C020FDDC" bold="true" box="[199,323,612,637]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
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This species is place in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA73B25FD34FD97C21BFDDD" authorityName="Reuter" authorityYear="1891" box="[756,888,612,636]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratocombidae" genus="Ceratocombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Xylonannus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FD34FD97C21BFDDD" box="[756,888,612,636]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Xylonannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the following characters: Lateral sides of pronotum without macrochets, bearing only short setae, males and females with 2-segmented tarsi. The new species differs from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA73B25FE7DFD5FC39DFD65" authority="" authorityName="Reuter" authorityYear="1891" box="[445,766,684,708]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratocombidae" genus="Ceratocombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Xylonannus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FE7DFD5FC302FD65" box="[445,609,684,708]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Ceratocombus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FDB1FD5FC396FD65" box="[625,757,684,708]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Xylonannus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurring in western Palaearctic as it has unique characters typically found in troglomorphic species: total or nearly total reduction of the eye pigment; absence of pigment and colouration in the body and extreme long setae on antennae, legs and head. Hemelytra with no clear veins but only intuitive cells made by the dorsal vestiture of the corium. Parameres with a truncate apex with a small, acute, directed inwards, triangular process absent in any other congener, laterotergites VIII are also more slender and elongate, not spatulate at end but slightly acute.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EFF6504FFA73B25FF07FC77C0DCF914" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA73B25FF07FC77C451FAD1" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FF07FC77C038FC3C" bold="true" box="[199,347,900,925]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FEA9FC77C0CFFC3D" box="[361,428,900,924]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Male:</emphasis>
|
||
Body entirely pale brown, depigmentated,
|
||
<quantity id="C11D9B6AFFA73B25FC00FC77C50EFC3D" box="[960,1133,900,924]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.41" metricValueMin="1.39" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.41" valueMin="1.39">1.39–1.41 mm</quantity>
|
||
, elongated, covered with transparent setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FEA1FC54C0C9FC61" bold="true" box="[353,426,935,960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
elongated triangular, length of head as wide as width, distinctly longer than vertex width; compound eyes small, shorter than width of first antennal segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EDE2A0AFFA73B25FC50FC3FC2BCFC45" box="[912,991,972,997]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1884,1906]" captionTargetBox="[154,1458,283,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[154,1458,283,1848]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. a, Map of the Canary Islands. Arrow marks the North. b, Map of the Island of la Palma and photographs of the exterior of the caves. c, Interior of Cueva de las Cáscaras, microhabitat of the species. d, Exterior of Cueva del Barranco de la Grilla. e, Entrance to Cueva del Llano de los Caños. Localities are marked with a red circle; 1, Cueva del Barranco de la Grilla; 2, Cueva de las Cáscaras; 3, Cueva del Llano de los Caños." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625667/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
|
||
) vestigial, without visual pigment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EDE2A0AFFA73B25FAAFFC3FC044FBA9" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[190,1376,211,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[190,1376,211,1898]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ceratocombus (Xylonannus) stysi sp. nov.: a, Male dorsal habitus. b, Male ventral habitus. c, line drawing of pronotum. d, antennae (scalebar 0.1mm). e, detail of eye. f, Female ventral habitus. g-h, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from male. j-l, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from female. Scalebar equals 1mm.. Arrows show position of eyes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625669/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Fig. 2a, b, e & f</figureCitation>
|
||
); ocelli absent; antennae shorter than length of body, with distinctly long spines; first and second segments thicker than other segments, first segment as thick as second segment, second segment somewhat clavated, third segment as long as fourth segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EDE2A0AFFA73B25FD2AFBC4C222FBF1" box="[746,833,1079,1104]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[190,1376,211,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[190,1376,211,1898]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ceratocombus (Xylonannus) stysi sp. nov.: a, Male dorsal habitus. b, Male ventral habitus. c, line drawing of pronotum. d, antennae (scalebar 0.1mm). e, detail of eye. f, Female ventral habitus. g-h, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from male. j-l, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from female. Scalebar equals 1mm.. Arrows show position of eyes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625669/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
|
||
); frons and labium with long sensory seta (cephalic trichobothria), with numerous setae projected forward; rostrum long, reaching midcoxa, proportion of first to fourth segments 0.06: 0.09: 0.34: 0.29.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FDB1FB8CC3B0FB39" bold="true" box="[625,723,1151,1176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Thorax:</emphasis>
|
||
pronotum trapezoidal, anterior width slightly narrower than posterior width, anterior calli of pronotum protruded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EDE2A0AFFA73B25FCD9FB57C212FB1D" box="[793,881,1188,1213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[190,1376,211,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[190,1376,211,1898]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ceratocombus (Xylonannus) stysi sp. nov.: a, Male dorsal habitus. b, Male ventral habitus. c, line drawing of pronotum. d, antennae (scalebar 0.1mm). e, detail of eye. f, Female ventral habitus. g-h, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from male. j-l, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from female. Scalebar equals 1mm.. Arrows show position of eyes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625669/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
|
||
); scutellum triangular, anterior width distinctly widened, lateral margin somewhat concave; hemelytra not covering whole abdomen, but not brachypterous, lateral margin rounded; veins not distinctly visible, but recognized by setae located along veins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EDE2A0AFFA73B25FB47FB1FC466FAA4" box="[1159,1285,1260,1285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1124,1146]" captionTargetBox="[196,1377,241,1033]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1102]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ceratocombus (Xylonannus) stysi sp. nov.: a, right hemelytron. b, line drawing of right hemelytron. c, pygophore. d, appendage. e, parameres. Scalebar equals 0.1mm. Arrows show position of laterotergites VIII and parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625671/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Fig. 3a &b</figureCitation>
|
||
); Hind wings absent; legs with long spines, well-developed claws (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EDE2A0AFFA73B25FCCAFAFCC231FA89" box="[778,850,1295,1320]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[190,1376,211,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[190,1376,211,1898]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ceratocombus (Xylonannus) stysi sp. nov.: a, Male dorsal habitus. b, Male ventral habitus. c, line drawing of pronotum. d, antennae (scalebar 0.1mm). e, detail of eye. f, Female ventral habitus. g-h, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from male. j-l, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from female. Scalebar equals 1mm.. Arrows show position of eyes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625669/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
g–l).
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FC51FAFCC56CFA89" bold="true" box="[913,1039,1295,1320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
longer than hemelytra; with long laterotergites VIII, slender and elongated, slightly curved subapically, tapering at apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EDE2A0AFFA73B25FB49FAC7C598FAEC" box="[1161,1275,1332,1357]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1124,1146]" captionTargetBox="[196,1377,241,1033]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1102]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ceratocombus (Xylonannus) stysi sp. nov.: a, right hemelytron. b, line drawing of right hemelytron. c, pygophore. d, appendage. e, parameres. Scalebar equals 0.1mm. Arrows show position of laterotergites VIII and parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625671/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Fig. 3c, d</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FAD2FAC7C4FFFAEC" bold="true" box="[1298,1436,1332,1357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Parameres:</emphasis>
|
||
symmetrical, rod shaped, truncate apex with a small, acute, directed inwards, triangular process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EDE2A0AFFA73B25FB13FAA4C446FAD1" box="[1235,1317,1367,1392]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1124,1146]" captionTargetBox="[196,1377,241,1033]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1102]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ceratocombus (Xylonannus) stysi sp. nov.: a, right hemelytron. b, line drawing of right hemelytron. c, pygophore. d, appendage. e, parameres. Scalebar equals 0.1mm. Arrows show position of laterotergites VIII and parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625671/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Fig. 3e</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA73B25FF07FA8FC582FA19" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FF07FA8FC078FA35" box="[199,283,1404,1428]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Female</emphasis>
|
||
: entirely pale brown, depigmentated,
|
||
<quantity id="C11D9B6AFFA73B25FD06FA8FC20FFA35" box="[710,876,1404,1428]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="1.38" metricValueMin="1.37" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" unit="mm" value="1.375" valueMax="1.38" valueMin="1.37">1.37–1.38 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FCB7FA8FC2A3FA34" bold="true" box="[887,960,1404,1429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
as in male.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FB88FA8FC5C9FA34" bold="true" box="[1096,1194,1404,1429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Thorax:</emphasis>
|
||
as in male except for much shorter hemelytra.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FE6FFA6CC34FFA19" bold="true" box="[431,556,1439,1464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
much longer than hemelytra; without abdominal appendages.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA73B25FF07FA37C0DCF914" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FF07FA37C08FFA7C" bold="true" box="[199,492,1476,1501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Measurements (in mm):</emphasis>
|
||
Male (n=2)/Female (n=2) Body length, head-apex of hemelytra: 1.3 9–1.41/1.37– 1.38; head length: 0.26–0.27/0.25–0.26; head width, including compound eyes: 0.28–0.29/0.27–0.28; 1st antennal segment length: 0.06–0.07/0.05–0.06; 2nd antennal segment length: 0.14–0.15/0.14–0.15; 3rd antennal segment length: 0.49–0.51/0.47–0.48; 4th antennal segment length: 0.50–0.51/0.45–0.47; mesal pronotal length: 0.24–0.27/ 0.23–0.24; basal pronotal maximal width 0.34–0.35/0.32–0.34; anterior scutellar width: 0.21–0.22/0.20–0.21; mesal scutellar length: 0.17–0.18/0.15–0.17; hindleg (femur: tibia: tarsus): 0.53–0.57:0.70–0.74:0.27–0.28/0.49– 0.51:0.69–0.72:0.25–0.26.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EFF6504FFA73B22FF07F94CC5D7FA58" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="562" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA73B25FF07F94CC055F95C" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FF07F94CC032F979" bold="true" box="[199,337,1727,1752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name stysi stands for Pavel Štys, colleague and specialist in the group. Adjective in genitive form.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA73B25FF07F8F4C46DF8C9" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FF07F8F4C0DBF881" bold="true" box="[199,440,1799,1824]" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Habitat description.</emphasis>
|
||
Cueva Barranco de la Grilla [Cave], Fig. 1.1 & 1d (28.80641, -17.82697). Linear lava tube with North orientation. The tube length is 222.1 metres and is located in an area of Laurel subtropical forest at
|
||
<quantity id="C11D9B6AFFA73B25FF57F8BCC063F8C9" box="[151,256,1871,1896]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.959999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" unit="m" value="896.0">896 masl</quantity>
|
||
. The lava tube is extremely humid and the floor of the tube is covered with small flat stones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA73B24FF07F887C43DFF75" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2005]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="560" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">
|
||
Cueva de las Cáscaras, Puntagorda, La
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA73B25FD47F887C3B3F82C" box="[647,720,1908,1933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="557" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Palma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C421F86DFFA73B25FD1CF887C2EBF82C" box="[732,904,1908,1933]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
. (Approx. 28.77359, -17.98444) Fig. 1.2 & 1c. Small cavity of
|
||
<quantity id="C11D9B6AFFA73B25FE87F86BC0F6F811" box="[327,405,1944,1968]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4399999999999995" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" unit="m" value="44.4">44.4 m</quantity>
|
||
with two openings, one of them of very small diameter. The plant community of the exterior is composed mainly by Canarian pine (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA73B25FDAEF84EC25FF875" box="[622,828,1981,2004]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FDAEF84EC25FF875" box="[622,828,1981,2004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Pinus canariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA73B25FC3FF84FC590F875" box="[1023,1267,1980,2004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cistaceae" genus="Cistus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="559" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="symphytifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA73B25FC3FF84FC590F875" box="[1023,1267,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="559">Cistus symphytifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, almond trees (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA63B24FF60FF6BC0FAFF0E" box="[160,409,152,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Amygdalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="560" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA63B24FF60FF6BC0FAFF0E" box="[160,409,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="560">Amygdalus communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and abandoned crops. The substrate is very compact with some isolate sparse stones, however there are two small areas with sandy-muddy substrate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EDE2A0AFFA63B24FCA7FF4FC2D6FF75" box="[871,949,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1884,1906]" captionTargetBox="[154,1458,283,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[154,1458,283,1848]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. a, Map of the Canary Islands. Arrow marks the North. b, Map of the Island of la Palma and photographs of the exterior of the caves. c, Interior of Cueva de las Cáscaras, microhabitat of the species. d, Exterior of Cueva del Barranco de la Grilla. e, Entrance to Cueva del Llano de los Caños. Localities are marked with a red circle; 1, Cueva del Barranco de la Grilla; 2, Cueva de las Cáscaras; 3, Cueva del Llano de los Caños." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625667/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="560">Fig. 1c</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="62744B7EFFA63B24FC0DFF4FC432FF75" author="Garcia-Becerra, R. & Gonzalez, J. A." box="[973,1361,188,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="560" pagination="40 - 46" refId="ref3368" refString="Garcia-Becerra, R. & Gonzalez, J. A. (2001) Fauna cavernicola en tres cavidades del oeste de La Palma (Islas Canarias). Uulcania, 5, 40 - 46." type="journal article" year="2001">García-Becerra & González, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="529A6607FFA63B24FF57F8AFC38DF86F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625667/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="560" startId="3.[151,250,1884,1906]" targetBox="[154,1458,283,1848]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA63B24FF57F8AFC38DF86F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1884,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA63B24FF57F8AFC04BF8D3" bold="true" box="[151,296,1884,1906]" pageId="3" pageNumber="560">FIGURE 1. a</emphasis>
|
||
, Map of the Canary Islands. Arrow marks the North.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA63B24FC96F8AFC207F8D3" bold="true" box="[854,868,1884,1906]" pageId="3" pageNumber="560">b</emphasis>
|
||
, Map of the Island of la
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA63B24FBA8F8AFC5C4F8D3" box="[1128,1191,1884,1906]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="557" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Palma</taxonomicName>
|
||
and photographs of the exterior of the caves.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA63B24FEB3F888C01DF830" bold="true" box="[371,382,1915,1937]" pageId="3" pageNumber="560">c</emphasis>
|
||
, Interior of Cueva de las Cáscaras, microhabitat of the species.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA63B24FBC9F888C57EF830" bold="true" box="[1033,1053,1915,1937]" pageId="3" pageNumber="560">d,</emphasis>
|
||
Exterior of Cueva del Barranco de la Grilla.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA63B24FF1EF869C18AF811" bold="true" box="[222,233,1946,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="560">e</emphasis>
|
||
, Entrance to Cueva del Llano de los Caños. Localities are marked with a red circle;
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA63B24FBFCF869C52BF811" bold="true" box="[1084,1096,1946,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="560">1</emphasis>
|
||
, Cueva del Barranco de la Grilla;
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA63B24FF57F84BC1C7F86F" bold="true" box="[151,164,1976,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="560">2</emphasis>
|
||
, Cueva de las Cáscaras;
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA63B24FE5FF84BC0C8F86F" bold="true" box="[415,427,1976,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="560">3</emphasis>
|
||
, Cueva del Llano de los Caños.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="529A6607FFA13B23FF57F867C51CF849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625669/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="561" startId="4.[151,250,1940,1962]" targetBox="[190,1376,211,1898]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA13B23FF57F867C51CF849" blockId="4.[151,1437,1940,2024]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FF57F867C076F80B" bold="true" box="[151,277,1940,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA13B23FEDEF867C31AF80B" authority="Roca-Cusachs & Kim & García-Becerra & Jung, 2019" authorityName="Roca-Cusachs & Kim & García-Becerra & Jung" authorityYear="2019" box="[286,633,1940,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratocombidae" genus="Ceratocombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="561" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Xylonannus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FEDEF867C0D1F80B" box="[286,434,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">Ceratocombus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FE04F867C358F80B" box="[452,571,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">Xylonannus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FD8CF866C31AF80B" box="[588,633,1941,1962]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">stysi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2FA257E6FFA13B23FD43F867C3B4F80B" box="[643,727,1940,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FD43F867C3B3F80B" bold="true" box="[643,720,1940,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FD26F867C391F80B" bold="true" box="[742,754,1940,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">a</emphasis>
|
||
, Male dorsal habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FC1FF867C28EF80B" bold="true" box="[991,1005,1940,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">b</emphasis>
|
||
, Male ventral habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FB21F867C58FF80B" bold="true" box="[1249,1260,1940,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">c</emphasis>
|
||
, line drawing of pronotum.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FEC5F840C070F868" bold="true" box="[261,275,1971,1993]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">d</emphasis>
|
||
, antennae (scalebar 0.1mm).
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FDFDF840C32BF868" bold="true" box="[573,584,1971,1993]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">e</emphasis>
|
||
, detail of eye.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FD1EF840C385F868" bold="true" box="[734,742,1971,1993]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">f</emphasis>
|
||
, Female ventral habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FC25F840C56BF868" bold="true" box="[997,1032,1971,1993]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">g-h</emphasis>
|
||
, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from male.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA13B23FF57F821C1CCF849" bold="true" box="[151,175,2002,2024]" pageId="4" pageNumber="561">j-l</emphasis>
|
||
, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from female. Scalebar equals 1mm.. Arrows show position of eyes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="529A6607FFA03B22FF57FB97C465FB39" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625671/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" startId="5.[151,250,1124,1146]" targetBox="[196,1377,241,1033]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA03B22FF57FB97C465FB39" blockId="5.[151,1437,1124,1176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FF57FB97C071FBDB" bold="true" box="[151,274,1124,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA03B22FED9FB97C30DFBDB" authority="Roca-Cusachs & Kim & García-Becerra & Jung, 2019" authorityName="Roca-Cusachs & Kim & García-Becerra & Jung" authorityYear="2019" box="[281,622,1124,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratocombidae" genus="Ceratocombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Xylonannus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FED9FB97C0CEFBDB" box="[281,429,1124,1146]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">Ceratocombus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FE7BFB97C351FBDB" box="[443,562,1124,1146]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">Xylonannus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FD81FB96C30DFBDB" box="[577,622,1125,1146]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">stysi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2FA257E6FFA03B22FDB4FB97C3A6FBDB" box="[628,709,1124,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FDB4FB97C3DDFBDB" bold="true" box="[628,702,1124,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FD12FB97C3BCFBDB" bold="true" box="[722,735,1124,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">a</emphasis>
|
||
, right hemelytron.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FC61FB97C2CCFBDB" bold="true" box="[929,943,1124,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">b</emphasis>
|
||
, line drawing of right hemelytron.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FAD2FB97C47EFBDB" bold="true" box="[1298,1309,1124,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">c</emphasis>
|
||
, pygophore.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FF57FB71C1C6FB39" bold="true" box="[151,165,1154,1176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">d</emphasis>
|
||
, appendage.
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FEEAFB71C056FB39" bold="true" box="[298,309,1154,1176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">e</emphasis>
|
||
, parameres. Scalebar equals 0.1mm. Arrows show position of laterotergites VIII and parameres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA03B22FF07FB33C5D7FA58" blockId="5.[151,1437,1216,2033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">
|
||
Cueva del Llano de los Caños [Cave], Mazo, La
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA03B22FD27FB33C253FB78" box="[743,816,1216,1241]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="5" pageNumber="557" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Palma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C421F86DFFA03B22FCFBFB33C282FB78" box="[827,993,1216,1241]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
(approx. 28.61648, -17.78610) Fig. 1.3 & 1e. The lava tube runs by the thermo-Canary, subhumid bioclimatic floor, with typical vegetation association known as Fayal-brezal with some
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FDD5FAFAC2E7FA81" box="[533,900,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA03B22FDD5FAFAC254FA81" authority=", Persea" authorityName="Persea" box="[533,823,1288,1312]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lusitanica">Prunus lusitanica, Persea</taxonomicName>
|
||
indica
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA03B22FC52FAFAC539FA81" box="[914,1114,1289,1312]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FC52FAFAC539FA81" box="[914,1114,1289,1312]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">Pinus canariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and disperse
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA03B22FB32FAFBC189FAE5" authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1829" baseAuthorityName="L.f." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecytisus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="prolifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FB32FAFBC189FAE5" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">Chamaecytisus prolifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The cave is almost a linear tube with a length of
|
||
<quantity id="C11D9B6AFFA03B22FCE3FADFC2E3FAE5" box="[803,896,1324,1348]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" unit="m" value="1200.0">1,200 m</quantity>
|
||
and with several short branches. Known by the locals as its entry was used as a garbage dump, however the general habitat is not very disturbed. Temperature and relative humidity were recorded during all the study. The average temperature in the tube was around 15 ° C, with maximum of 22° C in August and September, and minimum of 11.5 ° C in January and February. The average humidity values were always above 90% across all tube. Some areas in the cave have numerous cracks where numerous roots can be observed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="62744B7EFFA03B22FDCEFA13C2F1FA59" author="Garcia-Becerra, R. & Gonzalez, J. A." box="[526,914,1504,1529]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" pagination="113 - 119" refId="ref3328" refString="Garcia-Becerra, R. & Gonzalez, J. A. (1997) Estudio faunistico de la cueva del Llano de los Canos (La Palma, Islas Canarias). Uieraea, 26, 113 - 119." type="journal article" year="1997">García-Becerra & González, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Peris-Felipo
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FBEDFA12C53EFA59" box="[1069,1117,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EFF6504FFA03B22FF07F9F7C5DEF9C5" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA03B22FF07F9F7C5DEF9C5" blockId="5.[151,1437,1216,2033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FF07F9F7C049F9BC" bold="true" box="[199,298,1540,1565]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">Biology:</emphasis>
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="62744B7EFFA03B22FE12F9F7C201F9BD" author="Garcia-Becerra, R. & Gonzalez, J. A." box="[466,866,1540,1565]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" pagination="113 - 119" refId="ref3328" refString="Garcia-Becerra, R. & Gonzalez, J. A. (1997) Estudio faunistico de la cueva del Llano de los Canos (La Palma, Islas Canarias). Uieraea, 26, 113 - 119." type="journal article" year="1997">García-Becerra & González (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and García-Becerra’s personal field observations, the species appears to be active almost year round and throughout the entire caves. The species has always been found in the pit-fall traps baited with cheese. Microhabitat of the species can be seen in fig. 1c.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EFF6504FFA03B22FF07F983C180F90C" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA03B22FF07F983C180F90C" blockId="5.[151,1437,1216,2033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FF07F983C001F928" bold="true" box="[199,354,1648,1673]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
This species is only known from caves. Found in the Northern, Eastern and western La
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA03B22FA96F983C4FFF928" box="[1366,1436,1648,1673]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="5" pageNumber="557" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Palma</taxonomicName>
|
||
Island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EFF6504FFA03B22FF07F94BC392F850" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="065A368FFFA03B22FF07F94BC392F850" blockId="5.[151,1437,1216,2033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FF07F94BC05EF970" bold="true" box="[199,317,1720,1745]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
Most of the congeners live in the leaf-litter, rotting bark, and mosses, which in some cases are ecosystems that could share some characteristics with the subterranean world. However, when comparing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA03B22FF57F8F3C019F8B9" authority="Roca-Cusachs & Kim & García-Becerra & Jung, 2019" authorityName="Roca-Cusachs & Kim & García-Becerra & Jung" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,378,1792,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratocombidae" genus="Ceratocombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FF57F8F3C019F8B9" box="[151,378,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">Ceratocombus stysi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2FA257E6FFA03B22FE47F8F3C084F8B8" box="[391,487,1792,1817]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FE47F8F3C084F8B8" bold="true" box="[391,487,1792,1817]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
with the nearest described species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1E54D0CFFA03B22FC5FF8F2C52BF8B9" authorityName="Poppius" authorityYear="1910" box="[927,1096,1792,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratocombidae" genus="Ceratocombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FC5FF8F2C52BF8B9" box="[927,1096,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">C. brevipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, several of its traits, in our understanding, could be interpreted as adaptations to troglomorphism. Its eyes are extremely reduced, and tarsal segments are in relation, much longer that its congeners. In addition, most Dipsocoromorpha are frequently dull colored when alive, but their colouration fades away when preserved in ethanol or other aqueous media, however, their cuticle consistency does not change, and their body does not become transparent. All this set of characters are considered to be troglomorphic in many other arthropod taxa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="62744B7EFFA03B22FC99F847C57CF86D" author="Klaus, S. & Mendoza, J. C. & Liew, J. H. & Plath, M. & Meier, R. & Yeo, D. C." box="[857,1055,1972,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" pagination="20121098" refId="ref3599" refString="Klaus, S., Mendoza, J. C., Liew, J. H., Plath, M., Meier, R. & Yeo, D. C. (2013) Rapid evolution of troglomorphic characters suggests selection rather than neutral mutation as a driver of eye reduction in cave crabs. Biology letters, 9 (2), 20121098. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rsbl. 2012.1098" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Klaus
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FC63F846C2BFF86D" box="[931,988,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="62744B7EFFA03B22FBECF847C595F86D" author="Oromi, P. & Martin, J. L. & Perez De Paz, P. L." box="[1068,1270,1972,1996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="562" pagination="229 - 240" refId="ref3999" refString="Oromi, P., Martin, J. L. & Perez De Paz, P. L. (1997) Habitats de Canarias: dulceacuicolas, aerolianos y subterraneos. In: Perez de Paz, P. L. (Ed.), Ecosistemas insulares canarios; usos y aprovechamientos en el territorio. Consejeria de Politica Territorial y Medio Ambiente, Santa Cruz Tenerife, pp. 229 - 240." type="book chapter" year="1997">
|
||
Oromí
|
||
<emphasis id="3491EA9DFFA03B22FBBCF846C5D5F86D" box="[1148,1206,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="562">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and therefore we suggest that this species should be treated as such.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |