204 lines
20 KiB
XML
204 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.528.6001" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9cccfd73-da48-4ef6-be1b-1764337602de" ID-PMC="PMC4668883" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-528-1" ID-PubMed="26692791" ID-ZBK="7BABDD295E484320B8964E8306B0ECE8" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-528-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 528" ModsDocTitle="Phylogenetic revision of Minyomerus Horn, 1876 sec. Jansen & Franz, 2015 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) using taxonomic concept annotations and alignments" checkinTime="1451243880599" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jansen, M. Andrew & Franz, Nico M." docDate="2015" docId="7278BACEF02CB41673A3C34E8BF64B9B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 528: 1-133" docOrigin="ZooKeys 528" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.528.6001" docTitle="Minyomerus bulbifrons JF 2015] Jansen & Franz sec. Jansen & Franz 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="A371520C-4132-4F1F-817B-A8B3D27FFFE8" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="68" masterDocId="535DFFBEFFB3FFF3FFC56E31063DFF88" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic revision of Minyomerus Horn, 1876 sec. Jansen & Franz, 2015 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) using taxonomic concept annotations and alignments" masterLastPageNumber="133" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1668160854463" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phylogenetic revision of Minyomerus Horn, 1876 sec. Jansen & Franz, 2015 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) using taxonomic concept annotations and alignments</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jansen, M. Andrew</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Franz, Nico M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>528</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>133</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.528.6001</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.528.6001</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-528-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">7BABDD295E484320B8964E8306B0ECE8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7BABDD295E484320B8964E8306B0ECE8</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152062786" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A371520C-4132-4F1F-817B-A8B3D27FFFE8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7278BACEF02CB41673A3C34E8BF64B9B" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Curculionidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/A371520C-4132-4F1F-817B-A8B3D27FFFE8" authority="Jansen & Franz sec. Jansen & Franz (2015)" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Minyomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Minyomerus bulbifrons" order="Coleoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="symbols" species="bulbifrons" symbols="[JF2015]">Minyomerus bulbifrons [JF2015] Jansen & Franz sec. Jansen & Franz (2015)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="64" pageNumber="65">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 36, 37
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Minyomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Minyomerus bulbifrons" order="Coleoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulbifrons">Minyomerus bulbifrons</taxonomicName>
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[JF2015] is readily differentiated from other congenerics by the heavily protuberant frons (which can extend up to 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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the length of the eye from the anterior margin of the eye), strongly impressed nasal plate, and punctate elytra. The elytra are angled at their point of contact with the pronotum such that they appear confluent with the posterior margin of the pronotum. The elytral setae are arranged in regular rows, and are small, subrecumbent, and brown. The spermatheca is distinct, with the ramus basally tapered, and the corpus possessing an annulate, cylindrical projection nearly 1/2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of the ramus. The aedeagal flagellum is unique in possessing a spiriform apical sclerite that spirals counterclockwise and is as long as the aedeagal pedon.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="description – female">
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Description - female.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Habitus. Length 3.67-4.10 mm, width 1.41-1.60 mm, length/width ratio 2.49-2.61, widest at anterior 1/5 of elytra. Integument dark reddish-brown to black. Scales slightly off-white to manila/tan to beige, in some specimens appearing semi-translucent (in others opaque) or metallic; occasionally monotonic and off-white, but usually with interspersed colors forming small maculae, bands and other variously scattered patterns; scales generally off-white ventrally, including rows of setae. Setae minute, sub-recumbent, of equal length throughout.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Mandibles. Covered with whitish scales, with 2-3 longer setae, and 3-5 shorter interspersed setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Maxillae. Cardo bifurcate at base with an inner angle of ca. 105°, arms roughly equal in length and width, arms of bifurcation equal in length to apically outcurved arm. Stipes nearly square, equilateral, roughly equal in length to inner arm of bifurcation of cardo, with a single lateral seta. Galeo-lacinial complexmembranous and setose in posterior 2/3, sclerotized and somewhat emarginate anteriorly; dorsally with 9 apicomesal lacinial teeth; ventrally with 4 reduced lacinial teeth. Palpiger with a transverse row of setae; anterior 1/3 membranous, posteriorly sclerotized.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Maxillary palps. Palpomere I with apical end facing mesally and forming a 30° angle with base, I with 2 apical setae, II with 3 dorsal, 1 apical, and 1 mesoventral setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Labium. Prementum roughly pentagonal; apical margins sinuate, ligula broadly rounded, lateral margins broadly sinuate, posterior margin curved. Labial palps 3-segmented, I with apical 1/3 projecting beyond margin of prementum and apexof ligula.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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Rostrum. Length 0.53-0.59 mm, anterior portion ca. 2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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broader than long, rostrum/pronotum length ratio 0.60-0.75, rostrum length/width ratio 1.00-1.14. Dorsal outline of rostrum square, anterior half of dorsal surface mesally concave, posterior half strongly convex and punctate. Rostrum in lateral view nearly square; anterior half dorsolateral margins slightly diverging; apical margin with 2 groups of 3 large vibrissae, each group inserted just laterad of apexof each sinuation. Nasal plate defined by V-shaped, impressed lines, concave, integument covered with white scales. Margins of mandibular incision only very slightly diverging dorsally in frontal view. Ventrolateral sulci strongly defined as a deep notch dorsad of insertion point of mandibles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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Antennae. Dorsal margin of scrobe overhanging slightly and forming a minute tooth, anterior to margin of eye by 1/3 of length of eye. Club 2.5-3.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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Head. Eyes separated in dorsal view by 5-6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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their anterior-posterior length, set off from anterior prothoracic margin by 2/5-1/2 of their anterior-posterior length. Head between eyes punctate and strongly protuberant.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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Pronotum. Wider than long, length/width ratio 0.75-0.83. Anterior margin slightly curved and somewhat produced dorsally; anterior constriction subtle in some specimens, posterior margin incurved. Pronotum in lateral view with setae inserted 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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their length from anterior margin. Anterolateral margin with a reduced tuft of post-ocular vibrissae present, consisting of 3-5 setae, emerging near ventral 1/4 of eye,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="65" pageNumber="66" start="start">stopping</pageBreakToken>
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just beyond ventral margin of eye; vibrissae achieving a maximum length 1/2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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anterior-posterior length of eye.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Pleurites. Metepisternum covered by elytron near posterior 1/8 of metasternum.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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Thoracic sterna. Mesocoxal cavities separated by 1/6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width of mesocoxal cavity. Metasternum with a somewhat obscure transverse sulcus; metacoxal cavities separated by 2-2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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their width.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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Legs. Tibiae and trochanters of all legs with a single, hair-like, brown seta positioned on mesal surface, approximately 1.5-2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of adjacent setae. Profemur/pronotum length ratio 0.97-1.061; profemur with distal 1/5 produced ventrally as an obliquely rounded projection covering tibial joint. Protibia/profemur length ratio 0.91-0.99; protibia moderately stout; mucro present as a laterally projected tooth equal in length and nearly 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as nearby setae, triangular. Protarsus with tarsomeres I-II jointly similar in length to V. Metatibial apexwith almond shaped convex ity ringed by 9-10 short, spiniform setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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Elytra. Length/width ratio 3.16-3.46; widest at anterior 1/5; anterior margins jointly 1.5-1.75
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than posterior margin of pronotum; lateral margins slightly converging after anterior 1/5, more strongly rounded and converging in posterior 1/3. Posterior declivity broadly arcuate dorsally, slightly inflected thereafter, angled at 45-50° to main body axis. Punctures distinct, separated by 3-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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their diameter; intervals elevated and with small inapparent puntures, separated by 10-15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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their diameter; scales occasionally monotonic off-white.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Abdominal sterna. Ventrite III elevated and set off from IV along lateral 1/3 of its length. Sternum VII mesally 1/2-3/5 as long as wide; anterior margin straight. Tergum. Pygidium (tergum VIII) entirely sub-cylindrical; medial 1/3 of anterior 1/2 of pygidium less sclerotized.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Sternum VIII. Anterior laminar edges each incurved forming a 105° angle with lateral margin, sclerotized region less sclerotized medially. Ovipositor. Coxites 2/3 as broad as long in dorsal view.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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Spermatheca. Comma-shaped; collum short, apically with a large, hood-shaped projection perpendicular to ramus, nearly equal in length and contiously aligned with curvature of bulb of ramus and ante-apically with a long, perpendicular, cylindrical projection, nearly equal in length to collum and 1/2 length of ramus; collum short, cylindrical, sub-contiguous with, and angled at 90° to ramus; ramus elongate, bulbous, equal in thickness to corpus; corpus swollen, slightly thicker than collum, 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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thickness of cornu; cornu elongate, apically, gradually narrowed, strongly recurved in basal 1/2, forming an inner angle of ca. 60° to collum and corpus, abruptly bent outward ca. 30°, then incurved.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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Figure 36. Habitus of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Minyomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Minyomerus bulbifrons" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulbifrons">Minyomerus bulbifrons</taxonomicName>
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[JF2015], female A lateral view B dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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Figure 37. Diagnostic features and terminalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Minyomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Minyomerus bulbifrons" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulbifrons">Minyomerus bulbifrons</taxonomicName>
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[JF2015] A aedeagus, dorsal view B aedeagus, lateral view C spermatheca D lamina of sternum VIII E labial prementum, ventral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Similar to female, except where noted. Length 3.26-3.44 mm, width 1.20-1.28 mm, length/width ratio 2.59-2.78. Rostrum length 0.46-0.56 mm, rostrum/pronotum length ratio 0.61-0.78, rostrum length/width ratio 0.95-1.08. Pronotum length/width ratio 0.72-0.83. Profemur/pronotum length ratio 1.05-1.30, protibia/profemur length ratio 0.92-0.96. Elytra length/width ratio 3.24-3.59.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="66" pageNumber="67" start="start">Elytra</pageBreakToken>
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. Elytral declivity slightly more angulate, forming a 55-60° angle to main body axis, but otherwise as female.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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Abdomen. Sternum VII 2/5-1/2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide. Pygidium (tergum VIII) with posterior 2/3 punctate; anterior 1/3 rugose.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="67" pageNumber="68" start="start">Aedeagus</pageBreakToken>
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. Length/width ratio 2.83-3.29. Flagellum with a large, narrowly elongate, tortuous, spiriform sclerite, sclerite anteriorly gradually widened and more sclerotized, constricted slightly in anterior 1/8 and slightly widening anteriorly to form a small bulb and long counterclockwise-spiraling projection, situated in anterior portion of flagellum, and as long as pedon.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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Named in reference to the greatly expanded and protuberant frons; bulbus = bulbous, frons = forehead; bulbifrons = with a bulbous forehead; Latin invariable adjective (
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<bibRefCitation author="Brown, RW" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" title="Composition of Scientific Words, Revised Edition." year="1956">Brown 1956</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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Holotype - female "Gila Bend, Ariz. 10m N, July 22, 1924/ EP Van Duzee, Collector" (CAS). Paratypes, same label information as female holotype (CAS: 22 females, 19 males); "Cal, Providence Mts. S. Bdo. Co., Bonanaza King Mine, 4-23-1966/ on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Zygophyllaceae" genus="Larrea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Larrea tridentata" order="Zygophyllales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tridentata">Larrea tridentata</taxonomicName>
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[non-focal], at night, C.W.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Brien”">O'Brien"</normalizedToken>
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(CWOB: 1 male); "ARIZONA, Ehrenberg, V-21-1939, EP Van Duzee/ "
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Elissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elissa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elissa</taxonomicName>
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" DET. A.T. HOWDEN" (CAS: 1 female); "USA: Ariz.: Yuma Co., 12 mi. W. Dateland, Hwy 80, 13-II-1970, P.H. Arnaud, Jr./ Swept from flowers,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phytolaccaceae" genus="Encilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Encilia farinosa" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="farinosa">Encilia farinosa</taxonomicName>
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A. Gray [non-focal]" (CAS: 1 female); "Potholes Cal., Imperial Co., April 10, 1923/ EP Van Duzee, Colletor/ ex.
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<taxonomicName genus="Larria" lsidName="Larria mexicana" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species" species="mexicana">Larria mexicana</taxonomicName>
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[non-focal]" (CAS: 1 female, 1 male); "NEVADA, Clark Co., 5 mi. NE Jct I-15 & Carp Rd., VIII-27-1977, Andrew H. Barnum" (BYU: 1 female, 2 males); "ARIZ., Mohave Co., Mt. Trumbull Road, 18 mi. S Utah Line, VIII-28-1977, Andrew H. Barnum" (BYU: 1 female); "UTAH, Washington Co., Beaver Dam Mts. at Ariz. Line, VII-16-1973, A. H. BARNUM" (BYU: 1 female); "UT: Washington Co., Beaver Dam Well, Beaver Dam Wash, 28 Sept 1985, Mower & Nelson" (BYU: 1 female); "Telegraph Pass, Yuma, Ariz, 2-18-1936/ A. T. McClay, Collector/
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Elissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elissa constricta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="constricta">Elissa constricta</taxonomicName>
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?" (UCDC: 5 females, 3 males).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">This species has been found in the Mojave and Sonoran Desert regions of Arizona, California, Nevada, and Utah (USA). It is likely that this species is also present in Sonora and Baja California (Mexico), based on the availability and proximity of similar habitat (Fig. 52).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="natural history">
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<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Natural history.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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Associated with creosote bush (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Zygophyllaceae" genus="Larrea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Larrea tridentata" order="Zygophyllales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tridentata">Larrea tridentata</taxonomicName>
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[DC.] Coville [non-focal];
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<taxonomicName family="Zygophyllaceae" lsidName="Tanymecina" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="family">Zygophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
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[non-focal]) and brittlebush (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phytolaccaceae" genus="Encilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Encilia farinosa" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="farinosa">Encilia farinosa</taxonomicName>
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Torr. & A. Gray [non-focal];
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<taxonomicName family="Asteraceae" lsidName="Tanymecina" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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[non-focal]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |