557 lines
67 KiB
XML
557 lines
67 KiB
XML
<document id="888A3F2071EB4DACD1C34B46DF9E3244" ID-CLB-Dataset="307101" ID-DOI="10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.12.007" ID-GBIF-Dataset="854c3e57-5ca7-4cee-ba86-619b254c0a82" ID-ISSN="2213-2244" ID-PMC="PMC9849927" ID-PubMed="36688075" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13287653" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1723236159638" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Berra, Yanina, Gast, Mor, on, e, Helman, Elisa, Argibay, Hernan D. & Orozco, M. Marcela" docDate="2023" docId="03FF8787FF8AFFC0949A518BFC01AED1" docLanguage="en" docName="IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.20.39-45.pdf" docOrigin="International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.12.007" docStyle="DocumentStyle:77CC2CF2FBA7BCD129DD16D0D4F96931.2:IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="77CC2CF2FBA7BCD129DD16D0D4F96931" docStyleName="IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Sarcocystis blastoceris Berra, Gast, Mor, e, Helman, Argibay & Orozco, 2023, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="FFC6FFFFFF89FFC5975F537DFFE1AE76" masterDocTitle="Identification of a new Sarcocystis sp. in marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) from wetlands of Argentina" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1735847254949" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0">
|
||
<mods:mods id="0139FCCD44356ABEC25A07DB5BA2E525" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="ED6D7474A87B3EA2911E30B5CEDBD90B">
|
||
<mods:title id="08FE1E8041E8B752CA6E220E3A07FC61">Identification of a new Sarcocystis sp. in marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) from wetlands of Argentina</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="CC5EDB91FBF5CC400B302E68E6A090A2" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="45248BCE1D64B940C58A6061AFF5CAF9">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D147B301F79D4FF1EEC85B09440C33E3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="02318BC587EA93F8BCD955AA4807A5D5">Berra, Yanina</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="A1252B53CE5B47B551E723295DE7100C">C´atedra de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Chorroarin 280, (C 1217 DSM), Ciudad Aut´onoma de Buenos Aires, & Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y T´ecnicas (CONICET). Godoy Cruz 2290, (C 1425 FQB), Ciudad Aut´onoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="CA9D3EAE944C683DB4DD506B23CED01A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="5AA2794DDADCD8BABDFAA868671C89D3">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="704404752FC4A68BAEADD7D6F01EE2A5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A2A91DD9B56160BE04617D947D106A8B">Gast</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="9E649B50C0EEF6C0B5FAB044BDB94A19" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="4604389B90297352742AE4B862E2025C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="1D146B93BDEDB22EB4D22C209F62A884">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B8F7FA44CB84DFE74A22F423CA918C95">Mor, on</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="2F4EB5BC4AAA2CEC062ECE482E502799" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="FDEA8B9AF28B9DB5741E47616CFF830A">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="B46B97AF303F4B8B003E82DD56070877">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="BC0BFE29917ABA72008A212971DECD8D">e</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="F6371E2ABE832217EF7EF38F0899FE10">Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología (LAINPA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 118, (B 1904), La Plata, Buenos Aires, & Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y T´ecnicas (CONICET). Godoy Cruz 2290, (C 1425 FQB), Ciudad Aut´onoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="8EFE1BB796A8A8E0D342233BE880FA74" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="4C75D76B68B7996C3B89BC52BC3F1F13">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D88A295D2F348C2E78A5013B5289ED39">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="FEF79C0C2E6057E5AEB78595D3687C7D">Helman, Elisa</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="9D4BF36150425D2B2FF7D3758185B02D">Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología (LAINPA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 118, (B 1904), La Plata, Buenos Aires, & Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y T´ecnicas (CONICET). Godoy Cruz 2290, (C 1425 FQB), Ciudad Aut´onoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="0F2F830C21396A55197A48DE501AA9B1" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="356DB6BD5DE6065285FDEE9C4865563B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D24E361899526A60CA8244E673C5C326">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="DA66BD58A0B8D3A518E5657EC1DD19C6">Argibay, Hernan D.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="84DB1AFCE8501F1D94A166242C6DC0AD">Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110 - 040, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="5AB6C1FB7B00D35C5E6E99A42CA82590" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="40DA07529CD1D5145B7828C97048204B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="7CA970F28E8E046C85517FF29EACB4C3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="FF70735BA6F1EA8A5FE33936E8AF369F">Orozco, M. Marcela</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="D9239A6644356FE1CAF77E2E100B7704">Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y T´ecnicas (CONICET). Godoy Cruz 2290, (C 1425 FQB), Ciudad Aut´onoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina & Instituto de Ecología, Gen´etica y Evoluci´on de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Av. Int. & C´atedra de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Chorroarin 280, (C 1217 DSM), Ciudad Aut´onoma de Buenos Aires,</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="8F0B6116EEFE4D27C52E57E48D80B1E8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="3763EB6965E98A07DE6906857F0B659A" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A7106C842F3EE5EA080B45BE11DE1C93">
|
||
<mods:title id="B2DE42B5BC7F786F298C55FE2DEF76B0">International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="820EBA2221EA3075604CBDEF43536C69">
|
||
<mods:date id="3407F623E21519C2199BFAE63BABDBA6">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="A773B89954447AAD4661C227BC5FEB45" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="052F9DD0BA1CEC67BFE8082C187EB774">2023-04-30</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="CDC6EAA02FD389AA959EBE548B600668" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="8C5E39FC4005310463E31AB197767A27">20</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="FE612E0F0AC3A100043A48CAAEE4D15B" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="7331C8999D93E5D0DF5F95909DCC4E6D">39</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="63BA352F50692959EA2483E388614965">45</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="C5BF9F90B9D477AFDE21BA55B1324639">
|
||
<mods:url id="6B20273412EB73648F886615A649A69C">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.12.007</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="D18020BAB1B6463859B0822CE5F93375">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="230A9CF0970E54187C286D75868C477F" type="CLB-Dataset">307101</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="CD399C89EB4A5775EA695CFFEE2359CF" type="DOI">10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.12.007</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FEE46EBBAB22974C806F83B73278042F" type="GBIF-Dataset">854c3e57-5ca7-4cee-ba86-619b254c0a82</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="92ED786BB4A2D88CC6D73B914A556696" type="ISSN">2213-2244</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="695E088CDA1A859D714C1798D4F9F631" type="PMC">PMC9849927</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F4CCEDE09F5B48318A528983DDAD5BAD" type="PubMed">36688075</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="CE443947CBC1FAB4CFD2B0C7AC4B01D0" type="Zenodo-Dep">13287653</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03FF8787FF8AFFC0949A518BFC01AED1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14590052" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14590052" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF8787FF8AFFC0949A518BFC01AED1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF8787FF8AFFC0949A518BFC01AED1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C651AFF8AFFC6949A518BFB2BAD7F" box="[965,1226,757,777]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8AFFC6949A518BFB2BAD7F" blockId="3.[818,1488,757,944]" box="[965,1226,757,777]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8AFFC6949A518BFB6AAD7E" authorityName="Berra & Gast & Mor & e & Helman & Argibay & Orozco" authorityYear="2023" box="[965,1163,757,777]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="blastoceris" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8AFFC6949A518BFB6AAD7E" bold="true" box="[965,1163,757,777]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">Sarcocystis blastoceris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21157F8FF8AFFC693CB518BFB2BAD7F" box="[1172,1226,758,777]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C651AFF8AFFC6938E518BFB37AD53" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8AFFC6938E518BFB37AD53" blockId="3.[818,1488,757,944]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Named after the record in marsh deer muscles (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8AFFC694A6506CFB28AD52" baseAuthorityName="Illiger" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[1017,1225,785,804]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Blastocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichotomus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8AFFC694A6506CFB28AD52" bold="true" box="[1017,1225,785,804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">Blastocerus dichotomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C651AFF8AFFC1940E5053FD75AAA8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8AFFC1940E5053FDC5AAB4" blockId="3.[818,1488,757,944]" lastBlockId="4.[100,770,1171,1525]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">Sarcocysts morphology: thin-walled (≤1 μm) without visible protrusions at optical microscopy. Measured up to 650 μm long and 70 μm wide. Cyst wall ultrastructure by TEM formed by a layer of ground substance and the outer unit membrane which form small invaginations into the ground substance giving an undulating appearance, from which arise bent ribbon-like protrusions folded over the cyst surface. Smooth ground substance layer measured 0.4 μm thick.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF296619FF8AFFC6973B5404FBFDA9CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13287659" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13287659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13287659/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" startId="3.[100,130,1913,1930]" targetBox="[340,1247,995,1886]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8AFFC6973B5404FBFDA9CB" blockId="3.[100,1488,1913,1981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8AFFC6973B5404FDB4A9FF" bold="true" box="[100,597,1913,1930]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">Fig. 3. Neighbor-Joining consensus phylogenetic tree</emphasis>
|
||
. Phylogenetic tree based on an alignment of 41
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8AFFC6935B5404FB69A9FC" box="[1028,1160,1913,1930]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8AFFC6935B5404FBBDA9FC" bold="true" box="[1028,1116,1913,1930]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
18S rRNA sequences performed with GENEIOUS software (Version R9), using a Tamura-Nei genetic distance model. The three sequences from marsh deer obtained in the present study are in bold. Branch consensus support is expressed as % from 1000 bootstraps. Sequence M97703 from
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8AFFC6946A54D1FC9DA9CB" bold="true" box="[821,892,1964,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">T. gondii</emphasis>
|
||
used as outgroup.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF296619FF8DFFC1973B575BFBCAAA1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13287661" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13287661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13287661/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" startId="4.[100,130,1062,1079]" targetBox="[340,1247,148,1035]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8DFFC1973B575BFBCAAA1C" blockId="4.[100,1488,1062,1131]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC1973B575BFDAAAA41" bold="true" box="[100,587,1062,1079]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Fig. 4. Neighbor-Joining consensus phylogenetic tree</emphasis>
|
||
. Phylogenetic tree based on an alignment of 40
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC194BB575BFB87AA41" box="[996,1126,1062,1079]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC194BB575BFBDDAA41" bold="true" box="[996,1084,1062,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC19335575BFB6BAA41" bold="true" box="[1130,1162,1062,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">COI</emphasis>
|
||
sequences performed with GENEIOUS software (Version R9), using a Tamura-Nei genetic distance model and no outgroup. The three sequences from marsh deer (one from each animal) are in bold. Branch consensus support is expressed as % from 1000 bootstraps. Sequence JX473257 from
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC1941B5727FC6AAA1C" bold="true" box="[836,907,1113,1130]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">T. gondii</emphasis>
|
||
used as outgroup.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8DFFC197DB57B6FD75AAA8" blockId="4.[100,770,1171,1525]" box="[132,660,1227,1246]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Intermediate hosts: Marsh deer (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC196E857B6FD66AAA8" baseAuthorityName="Illiger" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[439,647,1227,1246]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Blastocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichotomus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC196E857B6FD66AAA8" bold="true" box="[439,647,1227,1246]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Blastocerus dichotomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C651AFF8DFFC197DB579AFE62AB60" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8DFFC197DB579AFE62AB60" blockId="4.[100,770,1171,1525]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Distribution:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8DFFC1965C579AFE81AA8C" box="[259,352,1255,1274]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
and probably South America following distribution of intermediate host.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C651AFF8DFFC197DB5662FF10ABF0" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8DFFC197DB5662FF10ABF0" blockId="4.[100,770,1171,1525]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Definitive host: based on the phylogenetic results and predator-prey geographical distribution, highly probable to be wild native canids (i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC1973B562BFEDBAB1F" baseAuthorityName="Illiger" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[100,314,1366,1385]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Chrysocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachyurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC1973B562BFEDBAB1F" bold="true" box="[100,314,1366,1385]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Chrysocyon brachyurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC19614562BFDC0AB1C" baseAuthorityName="G. Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[331,545,1366,1386]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Lycalopex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gymnocercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC19614562BFDC0AB1C" bold="true" box="[331,545,1366,1386]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Lycalopex gymnocercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC1956D562BFD2AAB1F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[562,715,1366,1385]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Cerdocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thous">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC1956D562BFD2AAB1F" bold="true" box="[562,715,1366,1385]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Cerdocyon thous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and domestic dogs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C651AFF8DFFC197DB56F3FEA9AB83" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8DFFC197DB56F3FEA9AB83" blockId="4.[100,770,1171,1525]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Molecular characteristics: sequences registered in GenBank from
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC1958056F3FF76ABCB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">18S rRNA</emphasis>
|
||
gene fragment (Accession numbers ON911503-ON911505) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COI) fragment (Accession numbers ON932790-ON932794).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C651AFF8DFFC0973B5567FC01AED1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8DFFC1973B5567FF11A85B" blockId="4.[100,240,1562,1581]" box="[100,240,1562,1581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<heading id="D0A181FDFF8DFFC1973B5567FF11A85B" bold="true" box="[100,240,1562,1581]" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC1973B5567FF11A85B" bold="true" box="[100,240,1562,1581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">4. Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8DFFC197DB552FFAB4AAD0" blockId="4.[100,770,1618,1972]" lastBlockId="4.[818,1488,1171,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
The current study presents a morphological and molecular characterization of an undescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC196315510FE11A8F7" box="[366,496,1645,1665]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC196315510FE31A8F6" bold="true" box="[366,464,1645,1664]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found in muscles from marsh deer from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8DFFC1979355F7FECDA8EB" box="[204,300,1674,1693]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
. A moderate frequency was observed by optical microscopy, observing sarcocysts in muscles from 6/14 animals. Some of the samples were in advanced autolysis. Therefore, the true prevalence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC1972355A0FEEAA887" box="[124,267,1757,1777]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC1972355A0FF3FA886" bold="true" box="[124,222,1757,1776]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in marsh deer may be even higher than reported here due to cyst disruption prior to or during homogenization (More´et al., 2011, 2013).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC197B35468FE92A95E" box="[236,371,1813,1832]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC197B35468FEAFA95E" bold="true" box="[236,334,1813,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
infected animals were observed in both sampled regions, being 5/
|
||
<quantity id="4CAE9B74FF8DFFC19606544CFE6AA932" box="[345,395,1841,1860]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
|
||
Ibera´and 1/
|
||
<quantity id="4CAE9B74FF8DFFC19559544CFDCFA932" box="[518,558,1841,1860]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
Delta. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8DFFC195D2544CFD27A932" box="[653,710,1841,1860]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, a frequency of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC197965430FEBBA916" box="[201,346,1869,1888]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC197965430FECAA916" bold="true" box="[201,299,1869,1888]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
infection of 3/31 was observed in musculoskeletal system of marsh deer, also by optical microscopy (Navas-Suarez´et al., 2018). This lower proportion observed in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8DFFC1957954F8FDBCA9EE" box="[550,605,1925,1944]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
could be due to a lower interspecific contact or deer predation. However, to confirm such a hypothesis, more representative samplings are required.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8DFFC1940E57D2FB99A83F" blockId="4.[818,1488,1171,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
All the sarcocysts observed were microscopic and thin-walled. At optical microscopy, no evident protrusions were observed, similar to features from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC194A7579AFB6AAA8C" box="[1016,1163,1255,1274]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC194A7579AFBBBAA8C" bold="true" box="[1016,1114,1255,1274]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
detected in cervids in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8DFFC1922D579AFA2EAA8C" box="[1394,1487,1255,1274]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8DFFC19465567EFBC6AB60" author="Chang Reissig, E. & Massone, A. & Uzal, F. A." box="[826,1063,1283,1302]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" pagination="1773 - 1778" refId="ref5846" refString="Chang Reissig, E., Mor´e, G., Massone, A., Uzal, F. A., 2016. Sarcocystosis in wild red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Patagonia, Argentina. Parasitol. Res. 115, 1773 - 1778. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00436 - 016 - 4915 - 7." type="journal article" year="2016">Chang Reissig et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8DFFC1936E567EFB80AB60" author="Chang Reissig, E. & Helman, E." box="[1073,1121,1283,1302]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" pagination="3915 - 3922" refId="ref5774" refString="Chang Reissig, E., Helman, E., Mor´e, G., 2020. Sarcocystis spp. infection in South American deer huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) and pudu (Pudu puda) from patagonian national Parks, Argentina. Parasitol. Res. 119, 3915 - 3922. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00436 - 020 - 06889 - 9." type="journal article" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The cyst wall ultrastructure from four cysts obtained from two marsh deer from Ibera´Wetlands showing ribbon-like protrusions resembled other species in cervids muscles like
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC1946D562AFAABAB1C" bold="true" box="[818,1354,1366,1386]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC1946D562AFC42AB1C" box="[818,931,1367,1386]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="cervicanis">S. cervicanis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC194F3562AFBEEAB1C" authorityName="Gjerde" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Yakimoff & Sokoloff" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[940,1039,1367,1386]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="grueneri">S. grueneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC19342562AFB98AB1F" box="[1053,1145,1366,1386]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="linearis">S. linearis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC193D8562AFB3BAB1C" box="[1159,1242,1367,1386]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="morae">S. morae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC193B8562AFAABAB1C" box="[1255,1354,1367,1386]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="taeniata">S. taeniata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC19220562AFA2EAB1C" box="[1407,1487,1367,1386]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="wapiti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC19220562AFA2EAB1C" bold="true" box="[1407,1487,1367,1386]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">S. wapiti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8DFFC19465560EFC21ABF0" author="Gjerde, B." box="[826,960,1395,1414]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" pagination="441 - 452" refId="ref6549" refString="Gjerde, B., 2014 a. Sarcocystis species in red deer revisited: with a re-description of two known species as Sarcocystis elongata n. sp. and Sarcocystis truncata n. sp. based on mitochondrial cox 1 sequences. Parasitology 141 (3), 441 - 452. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182013001819." type="journal article" year="2014">Gjerde, 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8DFFC19490560EFB63ABF0" author="Dubey, J. P. & Calero-Bernal, R. & Rosenthal, B. M. & Speer, C. A. & Fayer, R." box="[975,1154,1395,1414]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refId="ref6365" refString="Dubey, J. P., Calero-Bernal, R., Rosenthal, B. M., Speer, C. A., Fayer, R., 2016. Sarcocystosis of Animals and Humans. CRC Press, Boca Raton FL, USA." type="book" year="2016">Dubey et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8DFFC193CF560EFAAEABF0" author="Gjerde, B. & Giacomelli, S. & Bianchi, A. & Bertoletti, I. & Mondani, H. & Gibelli, L. R." box="[1168,1359,1395,1414]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" pagination="1317 - 1338" refId="ref6669" refString="Gjerde, B., Giacomelli, S., Bianchi, A., Bertoletti, I., Mondani, H., Gibelli, L. R., 2017 a. Morphological and molecular characterization of four Sarcocystis spp., including Sarcocystis linearis n. sp., from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Italy. Parasitol. Res. 116 (4), 1317 - 1338. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00436 - 017 - 5410 - 5." type="journal article" year="2017">Gjerde et al., 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b; Cerqueira-C´ezar et al., 2018; Delgado de Las Cuevas et al., 2019; Rudaityte-Luko ˙ˇsiene˙et al., 2021). A similar image was obtained previously from cysts in pudu muscles from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8DFFC193FA56BBFAE3ABAF" box="[1189,1282,1478,1497]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8DFFC1924F56BBFC83AB83" author="Chang Reissig, E. & Helman, E." pageId="4" pageNumber="43" pagination="3915 - 3922" refId="ref5774" refString="Chang Reissig, E., Helman, E., Mor´e, G., 2020. Sarcocystis spp. infection in South American deer huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) and pudu (Pudu puda) from patagonian national Parks, Argentina. Parasitol. Res. 119, 3915 - 3922. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00436 - 020 - 06889 - 9." type="journal article" year="2020">Chang Reissig et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Altogether, the morphological information suggested that marsh deer are frequently infected with a single species, similar to other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC192F55683FC45A85B" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC192F55683FC97A85B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
affecting cervids worldwide and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC192585567FA6AA85B" box="[1287,1419,1562,1581]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC192585567FA88A85B" bold="true" box="[1287,1385,1562,1581]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
identified in pudu muscles in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8DFFC1934B554BFB95A83F" box="[1044,1140,1590,1609]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8DFFC0940E552FFF2DADA6" blockId="4.[818,1488,1171,1972]" lastBlockId="5.[100,771,148,1980]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
The molecular results reinforce the hypothesis of a single species present in marsh deer from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8DFFC193165513FB48A8F7" box="[1097,1193,1646,1665]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
. However, sequence identities (especially the ones from the
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC1930955F4FB98A8EA" bold="true" box="[1110,1145,1673,1692]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">COI</emphasis>
|
||
gene) were below 90% with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8DFFC1946D55D8FC27A8CF" box="[818,966,1701,1721]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC1946D55D8FC75A8CE" bold="true" box="[818,916,1701,1720]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reported sequences. Other cervid species showed a greater diversity of
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC194AE55BCFBAAA8A2" bold="true" box="[1009,1099,1729,1748]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Sarcocysti</emphasis>
|
||
s spp. in muscles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8DFFC193A155BCFA64A8A2" author="Gjerde, B." box="[1278,1413,1729,1748]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" pagination="441 - 452" refId="ref6549" refString="Gjerde, B., 2014 a. Sarcocystis species in red deer revisited: with a re-description of two known species as Sarcocystis elongata n. sp. and Sarcocystis truncata n. sp. based on mitochondrial cox 1 sequences. Parasitology 141 (3), 441 - 452. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182013001819." type="journal article" year="2014">Gjerde, 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8DFFC192CC55BCFC7FA886" author="Dubey, J. P. & Calero-Bernal, R. & Rosenthal, B. M. & Speer, C. A. & Fayer, R." pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refId="ref6365" refString="Dubey, J. P., Calero-Bernal, R., Rosenthal, B. M., Speer, C. A., Fayer, R., 2016. Sarcocystosis of Animals and Humans. CRC Press, Boca Raton FL, USA." type="book" year="2016">Dubey et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8DFFC194F555A0FB87A886" author="Gjerde, B. & Giacomelli, S. & Bianchi, A. & Bertoletti, I. & Mondani, H. & Gibelli, L. R." box="[938,1126,1757,1777]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" pagination="1317 - 1338" refId="ref6669" refString="Gjerde, B., Giacomelli, S., Bianchi, A., Bertoletti, I., Mondani, H., Gibelli, L. R., 2017 a. Morphological and molecular characterization of four Sarcocystis spp., including Sarcocystis linearis n. sp., from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Italy. Parasitol. Res. 116 (4), 1317 - 1338. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00436 - 017 - 5410 - 5." type="journal article" year="2017">Gjerde et al., 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b; Rudaityte-Luko ˙ˇsiene˙et al., 2020a; Rudaityte-Luko ˙ˇsiene˙et al., 2020b; Rudaityte-Luko ˙ˇsiene˙et al., 2021), possibly a restricted predator-prey relationship is occurring with the marsh deer in South America, resulting in a reduced species variety. On the other hand, from 12 individual cysts or cyst portions, only eight resulted positive by
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8DFFC194A55414FBBBA90A" bold="true" box="[1018,1114,1897,1916]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">18S rRNA</emphasis>
|
||
PCR, and from only three samples, a sequence shorter than expected was obtained. Some of the samples were in an advanced autolysis process, which may have resulted in DNA degradation. Regarding the
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0963353E9FE77AED1" bold="true" box="[364,406,148,167]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">ITS1</emphasis>
|
||
fragment, a low level of amplification was also observed, and no consensus sequence was achieved. Similar difficulties in amplifying and sequencing the
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0954953B6FD92AEA8" bold="true" box="[534,627,203,222]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">18S rRNA</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC095FB53B6FD2FAEA8" bold="true" box="[676,718,203,222]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">ITS1</emphasis>
|
||
fragments from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC097BB539AFED9AE8C" box="[228,312,231,250]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="wapiti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC097BB539AFED9AE8C" bold="true" box="[228,312,231,250]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. wapiti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from North American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC09574539AFD6FAE8C" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[555,654,231,250]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elaphus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC09574539AFD6FAE8C" bold="true" box="[555,654,231,250]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">C. elaphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been mentioned by Cerqueira-C´ezar et al. (2018). Probably, the priming regions from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC097895262FEC6AF44" box="[214,295,287,306]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="wapiti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC097895262FEC6AF44" bold="true" box="[214,295,287,306]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. wapiti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the species detected in marsh deer are not conserved, as previously assumed from most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC095505246FD7FAF38" box="[527,670,315,334]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC095505246FD90AF38" bold="true" box="[527,625,315,334]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8CFFC095F35246FF31AF1C" author="Dahlgren, S. S. & Gouveia-Oliveira, R. & Gjerde, B." pageId="5" pageNumber="44" pagination="27 - 35" refId="ref6117" refString="Dahlgren, S. S., Gouveia-Oliveira, R., Gjerde, B., 2008. Phylogenetic relationships between Sarcocystis species from reindeer and other Sarcocystidae deduced from ssu rRNA gene sequences. Vet. Parasitol. 151 (1), 27 - 35. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j." type="journal article" year="2008">Dahlgren et al., 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; More´et al., 2013). Additionally, an intraspecific sequence variation (both
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC097A4520EFEB8AFF0" bold="true" box="[251,345,371,390]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">18S rRNA</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC096D4520EFE54AFF0" bold="true" box="[395,437,371,390]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">ITS1</emphasis>
|
||
) could also result in unintelligible sequences when the PCR products are sequenced directly. Despite the morphological similarity, the
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0962052D6FE3DAFC8" bold="true" box="[383,476,427,446]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">18S rRNA</emphasis>
|
||
gene sequences obtained from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0973B52BBFF07AFAC" box="[100,230,454,474]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0973B52BBFF27AFAF" bold="true" box="[100,198,454,473]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in marsh deer showed a low homology (93.7–96.7%) with sequences from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC097A2529FFE8AAF83" box="[253,363,482,501]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="cervicanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC097A2529FFE8AAF83" bold="true" box="[253,363,482,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. cervicanis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in red deer in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC096A5529FFDCFAF83" box="[506,558,482,501]" name="Spain" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Gjerde et al., 2017b)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0973B5283FF28AC67" authorityName="Gjerde" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Yakimoff & Sokoloff" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[100,201,510,529]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="grueneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0973B5283FF28AC67" bold="true" box="[100,201,510,529]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. grueneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from reindeer in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC096D95282FE31AC64" box="[390,464,511,530]" name="Norway" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Dahlgren and Gjerde, 2007),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0973B5167FF5CAC5B" box="[100,189,538,557]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="linearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0973B5167FF5CAC5B" bold="true" box="[100,189,538,557]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. linearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in roe deer from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC096345167FE7EAC5B" box="[363,415,538,557]" name="Spain" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC0968E5167FDCBAC5B" box="[465,554,538,557]" name="Lithuania" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Rudaityt´e- Lukoˇsiene ˙ et al., 2020b),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC097B5514BFED6AC3F" box="[234,311,566,585]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="morae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC097B5514BFED6AC3F" bold="true" box="[234,311,566,585]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. morae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in fallow deer in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC09688514BFDD1AC3F" box="[471,560,566,585]" name="Lithuania" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Rudaityt´e- Lukoˇsiene ˙ et al., 2020a);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC097B1512FFE93AC13" box="[238,370,594,613]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC097B1512FFEB1AC13" bold="true" box="[238,336,594,613]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from pudu from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC0954B512FFD90AC13" box="[532,625,594,613]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8CFFC09520512FFF30ACF7" author="Chang Reissig, E. & Helman, E." pageId="5" pageNumber="44" pagination="3915 - 3922" refId="ref5774" refString="Chang Reissig, E., Helman, E., Mor´e, G., 2020. Sarcocystis spp. infection in South American deer huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) and pudu (Pudu puda) from patagonian national Parks, Argentina. Parasitol. Res. 119, 3915 - 3922. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00436 - 020 - 06889 - 9." type="journal article" year="2020">Chang Reissig et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC097BA5113FEA4ACF7" box="[229,325,622,641]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="taeniata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC097BA5113FEA4ACF7" bold="true" box="[229,325,622,641]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. taeniata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in sika deer in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC096845113FDD5ACF7" box="[475,564,622,641]" name="Lithuania" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8CFFC0951C5113FD15ACF7" author="Prakas, P. & Butkauskas, D. & Sruoga, A." box="[579,756,622,641]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" pagination="3021 - 3032" refId="ref7577" refString="Prakas, P., Butkauskas, D., Rudaityte ˙, E., Kutkiene ˙, L., Sruoga, A., Purait ¯ e ˙, I., 2016. Morphological and molecular characterization of Sarcocystis taeniata and Sarcocystis pilosa n. sp. from the sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Lithuania. Parasitol. Res. 115 (8), 3021 - 3032. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00436 - 016 - 5057 - 7." type="journal article" year="2016">Prakas et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0973B51F7FF12ACEA" authorityName="Gjerde" authorityYear="1984" box="[100,243,649,669]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="tarandivulpes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0973B51F7FF12ACEA" bold="true" box="[100,243,649,669]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. tarandivulpes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from reindeer from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC096EA51F7FE1BACEB" box="[437,506,650,669]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Iceland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Dahlgren et al., 2007) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0973B51DBFF53ACCF" box="[100,178,678,697]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="wapiti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0973B51DBFF53ACCF" bold="true" box="[100,178,678,697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. wapiti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from elk (Cerqueira-C´ezar et al., 2018). The differences at this target suggested that the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0963651BCFE13ACA3" box="[361,498,705,725]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0963651BCFE2AACA2" bold="true" box="[361,459,705,724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in marsh deer could be a different species. In addition, the sequences from the present study were phylogenetically positioned in the same branch with only a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC095FD5184FCE3AD7A" authorityName="Gjerde" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Yakimoff & Sokoloff" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[674,770,761,780]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="grueneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC095FD5184FCE3AD7A" bold="true" box="[674,770,761,780]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. grueneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sequence. Several other sequences from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC096845068FDA9AD5E" box="[475,584,789,808]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="cervicanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC096845068FDA9AD5E" bold="true" box="[475,584,789,808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. cervicanis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0950C5068FD74AD5E" box="[595,661,789,808]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="cruzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0950C5068FD74AD5E" bold="true" box="[595,661,789,808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. cruzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC095FF5068FD07AD5E" authorityName="Dahlgren & Gjerde" authorityYear="2009" box="[672,742,789,808]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="hjorti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC095FF5068FD07AD5E" bold="true" box="[672,742,789,808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. hjorti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC095AE5068FF46AD32" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="iberica">S. iberica</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC097EC504CFE24AD32" bold="true" box="[179,453,817,836]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC097EC504CFEEFAD32" box="[179,270,817,836]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="linearis">S. linearis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC09645504CFE8CAD32" box="[282,365,817,836]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="morae">S. morae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC09626504CFE23AD32" authorityName="Gjerde" authorityYear="1984" box="[377,450,817,836]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="rangi">S. rangi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC09691504CFDB2AD33" box="[462,595,817,837]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC09691504CFDD1AD32" bold="true" box="[462,560,817,836]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from huemul and pudu in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC097EA5030FEF3AD16" box="[181,274,845,864]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC096415030FE36AD16" bold="true" box="[286,471,845,864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC096415030FE9FAD16" box="[286,382,845,864]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="taeniata">S. taeniata</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC096DA5030FE36AD16" authorityName="Moulé" authorityYear="1886" baseAuthorityName="Railliet" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[389,471,845,864]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="tenella">S. tenella</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC096BB5030FDAEAD16" box="[484,591,845,864]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="venatoria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC096BB5030FDAEAD16" bold="true" box="[484,591,845,864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. venatoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC095205030FD2CAD16" box="[639,717,845,864]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="wapiti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC095205030FD2CAD16" bold="true" box="[639,717,845,864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. wapiti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were distant related, however, according to the positioning it is possible that all these species shared a common ancestor. Since most of these species use canids as definitive hosts, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC096FB50DCFDC6ADC2" box="[420,551,929,948]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC096FB50DCFDE7ADC2" bold="true" box="[420,518,929,948]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in marsh deer may use canids too.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8CFFC097DB50A4FDFFAB68" blockId="5.[100,771,148,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Aiming further characterization, different PCR (using two reverse primers) to obtain
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC096425089FEA1AA71" bold="true" box="[285,320,1012,1031]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">COI</emphasis>
|
||
gene fragments were performed as previously reported for species using cervids as intermediate hosts (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8CFFC095DE576DFD1DAA52" author="Gjerde, B." box="[641,764,1040,1060]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" pagination="579 - 591" refId="ref6490" refString="Gjerde, B., 2013. Phylogenetic relationships among Sarcocystis species in cervids, cattle and sheep inferred from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. Int. J. Parasitol. 43 (7), 579 - 591. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2013.02.004." type="journal article" year="2013">Gjerde, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8CFFC0973B5751FEC3AA49" author="Gjerde, B. & Giacomelli, S. & Bianchi, A. & Bertoletti, I. & Mondani, H. & Gibelli, L. R." box="[100,290,1068,1088]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" pagination="1317 - 1338" refId="ref6669" refString="Gjerde, B., Giacomelli, S., Bianchi, A., Bertoletti, I., Mondani, H., Gibelli, L. R., 2017 a. Morphological and molecular characterization of four Sarcocystis spp., including Sarcocystis linearis n. sp., from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Italy. Parasitol. Res. 116 (4), 1317 - 1338. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00436 - 017 - 5410 - 5." type="journal article" year="2017">Gjerde et al., 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Both combinations resulted in proper amplicons for sequencing, and good quality sequences were obtained from all three cysts previously analyzed by
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC096295719FE30AA01" bold="true" box="[374,465,1124,1143]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">18S rRNA</emphasis>
|
||
. These results reinforce the idea of priming failure or intraspecific sequence variation of
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0952457FDFD39AAE5" bold="true" box="[635,728,1152,1171]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">18S rRNA</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0973B57E1FF6FAAD9" bold="true" box="[100,142,1180,1199]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">ITS1</emphasis>
|
||
fragments. All the
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0961057E1FE93AAD9" bold="true" box="[335,370,1180,1199]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">COI</emphasis>
|
||
sequences obtained in the present study showed a high homology among them and a low homology with others reported in the GenBank, being up to 89.7% with several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC095FF57AEFCE3AA90" authorityName="Gjerde" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Yakimoff & Sokoloff" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[672,770,1235,1254]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="grueneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC095FF57AEFCE3AA90" bold="true" box="[672,770,1235,1254]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. grueneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sequences, with the highest score with the sequence KC209624 from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0973B5676FEE5AB68" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[100,260,1291,1310]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Rangifer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tarandus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0973B5676FEE5AB68" bold="true" box="[100,260,1291,1310]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Rangifer tarandus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC096625671FE66AB69" box="[317,391,1292,1311]" name="Norway" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8CFFC096C95676FDF1AB68" author="Gjerde, B." box="[406,528,1291,1310]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" pagination="579 - 591" refId="ref6490" refString="Gjerde, B., 2013. Phylogenetic relationships among Sarcocystis species in cervids, cattle and sheep inferred from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. Int. J. Parasitol. 43 (7), 579 - 591. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2013.02.004." type="journal article" year="2013">Gjerde, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8CFFC097DB565AFD0DA963" blockId="5.[100,771,148,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
|
||
As far as we know, there are no reports of
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC09560565AFD83AB4C" bold="true" box="[575,610,1319,1338]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">COI</emphasis>
|
||
sequences from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0973B563EFF53AB20" box="[100,178,1347,1366]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="wapiti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0973B563EFF53AB20" bold="true" box="[100,178,1347,1366]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. wapiti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cerqueira-C´ezar et al., 2018), so proper comparisons are not possible. Despite morphological similarities, the high sequence divergence at
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC097E65606FEF4ABF8" bold="true" box="[185,277,1403,1422]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">18S rRNA</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0961B5606FE86ABF8" bold="true" box="[324,359,1403,1422]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">COI</emphasis>
|
||
allowed the assumption that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC095205606FCE2ABF8" box="[639,771,1403,1422]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC095205606FD00ABF8" bold="true" box="[639,737,1403,1422]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from marsh deer is a different species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC096AD56EAFDDFABDC" box="[498,574,1431,1450]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="wapiti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC096AD56EAFDDFABDC" bold="true" box="[498,574,1431,1450]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. wapiti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC095FF56EAFF6AABB0" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC095FF56EAFCE3ABDC" bold="true" box="[672,770,1431,1450]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
producing cysts in cervids muscles. Thus, we propose the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0973B56B2FEC6AB97" authorityName="Berra & Gast & Mor & e & Helman & Argibay & Orozco" authorityYear="2023" box="[100,295,1486,1506]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="blastoceris" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0973B56B2FEC6AB97" bold="true" box="[100,295,1486,1506]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Sarcocystis blastoceris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21157F8FF8CFFC0967456B2FEBCAB94" box="[299,349,1487,1506]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
for the species producing sarcocysts in marsh deer. In the phylogenetic tree, all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC096F85697FDA4AB8B" authority="COI" authorityName="COI" box="[423,581,1514,1533]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="blastoceris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC096F85697FDA4AB8B" bold="true" box="[423,581,1514,1533]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. blastoceris COI</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sequences are positioned along with sequences from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC096E2557BFDC1A86F" authorityName="Gjerde" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Yakimoff & Sokoloff" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[445,544,1542,1561]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="grueneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC096E2557BFDC1A86F" bold="true" box="[445,544,1542,1561]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. grueneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC0953D557AFD4DA86C" box="[610,684,1543,1562]" name="Norway" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8CFFC095E1557BFF75A843" author="Gjerde, B." pageId="5" pageNumber="44" pagination="579 - 591" refId="ref6490" refString="Gjerde, B., 2013. Phylogenetic relationships among Sarcocystis species in cervids, cattle and sheep inferred from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. Int. J. Parasitol. 43 (7), 579 - 591. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2013.02.004." type="journal article" year="2013">Gjerde, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and with a sister clade containing sequences from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC095D3555FFD1DA843" box="[652,764,1570,1589]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="cervicanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC095D3555FFD1DA843" bold="true" box="[652,764,1570,1589]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. cervicanis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0973B5543FED4A827" bold="true" box="[100,309,1598,1617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0973B5543FF24A827" box="[100,197,1598,1617]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="linearis">S. linearis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC097875543FED1A827" box="[216,304,1598,1617]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="morae">S. morae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0961D5543FE2CA824" box="[322,461,1598,1618]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0961D5543FE45A827" bold="true" box="[322,420,1598,1617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Sarcocystis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from pudu in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417601FF8CFFC0952B5543FD30A827" box="[628,721,1598,1617]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0973B5527FF23A81B" box="[100,194,1626,1645]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="taeniata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0973B5527FF23A81B" bold="true" box="[100,194,1626,1645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. taeniata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Several of these species are known to use canids as definitive hosts and suggest a potential common ancestor for these species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8CFFC0959A550BFF33A8D3" author="Dubey, J. P. & Calero-Bernal, R. & Rosenthal, B. M. & Speer, C. A. & Fayer, R." pageId="5" pageNumber="44" refId="ref6365" refString="Dubey, J. P., Calero-Bernal, R., Rosenthal, B. M., Speer, C. A., Fayer, R., 2016. Sarcocystosis of Animals and Humans. CRC Press, Boca Raton FL, USA." type="book" year="2016">Dubey et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Tuska-Szalay et al., 2021). Additionally, these native cervids are part of an alimentary chain being consumed (as prey or carrion) by domestic dogs (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0964F55B7FE7BA8AA" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[272,410,1737,1757]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Canis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="familiaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0964F55B7FE7BA8AA" bold="true" box="[272,410,1737,1757]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Canis familiaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and different native canid species like maned wolf (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC097B45598FE20A88E" baseAuthorityName="Illiger" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[235,449,1765,1784]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Chrysocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachyurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC097B45598FE20A88E" bold="true" box="[235,449,1765,1784]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Chrysocyon brachyurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), pampas fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC095035598FF7AA963" baseAuthorityName="G. Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1814" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Lycalopex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gymnocercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC095035598FF7AA963" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Lycalopex gymnocercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and crab-eating fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC09631547CFDE3A962" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[366,514,1793,1812]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Cerdocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thous">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC09631547CFDE3A962" bold="true" box="[366,514,1793,1812]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Cerdocyon thous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B60FF8CFFC09546547CFD3FA963" author="Canevari, M. & Vaccaro, O." box="[537,734,1793,1813]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" refId="ref5619" refString="Canevari, M., Vaccaro, O., 2007. Guia de mamiferos del sur de Am´erica del Sur. In: Literature of Latin america (L. O. L. A), vol. 19 (Buenos Aires, Argentina)." type="book" year="2007">Canevari et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8CFFC097DB5463FF1AA9F2" blockId="5.[100,771,148,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
|
||
In summary, the sarcocyst morphology, the positioning on the phylogenetic trees, and that marsh deer are frequently predated by dogs and foxes, allowed the assumption that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0968F5428FDA0A91E" box="[464,577,1877,1896]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="blastoceris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0968F5428FDA0A91E" bold="true" box="[464,577,1877,1896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. blastoceris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could have canids as definitive hosts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93691FF8CFFC097DB54F0FC01AED1" blockId="5.[100,771,148,1980]" lastBlockId="5.[818,992,148,167]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Further studies should be conducted to properly identify naturally infected definitive hosts for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D12FF8CFFC0963554D4FE3CA9CA" box="[362,477,1961,1980]" class="Microsporea" family="Amblyosporidae" genus="Sarcocystis" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="blastoceris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA83FF8CFFC0963554D4FE3CA9CA" bold="true" box="[362,477,1961,1980]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">S. blastoceris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its potential role on marsh deer health status.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |