treatments-xml/data/03/E2/39/03E239632F72FFF8B3ADFA6D3176F7AD.xml

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<mods:title id="4E44D94BEBEE5BF773BA3D64D093CB7F">A new species of Catalinia Soleglad et al., 2017 (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae) from southern California, USA</mods:title>
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<heading id="D0BC3F192F72FFF3B3ADFA6D37E6FA64" box="[209,675,1452,1479]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F72FFF3B3ADFA6D3713FA64" ID-CoL="RRWM" authority="Teruel et Myers" authorityName="Teruel et Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[209,598,1452,1479]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F72FFF3B3ADFA6D34D7FA65" bold="true" box="[209,402,1452,1479]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
Teruel et Myers
</taxonomicName>
, 
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F72FFF3B11DFA6C37E6FA64" box="[609,675,1453,1479]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C351DBFE2F72FFF3B242FA0E3733F985" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F72FFF3B242FA0E37BBF9A5" blockId="4.[119,766,1452,1574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F72FFF3B239FA0E3491FA44" box="[325,468,1487,1511]" captionStart-0="Figures 1–2" captionStart-1="Figures 3–4" captionStart-2="Figures 5–6" captionStart-3="Figures 7–8" captionStart-4="Figures 9–10" captionStart-5="Figures 11–12" captionStartId-0="3.[116,193,1982,2004]" captionStartId-1="6.[117,194,1954,1976]" captionStartId-2="8.[113,190,1833,1855]" captionStartId-3="9.[116,193,1971,1993]" captionStartId-4="10.[115,192,1948,1970]" captionStartId-5="11.[113,190,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox-0="[166,1344,241,1961]" captionTargetBox-1="[168,1421,243,1915]" captionTargetBox-2="[120,1468,235,1813]" captionTargetBox-3="[133,1454,281,1885]" captionTargetBox-4="[117,1450,255,1862]" captionTargetBox-5="[172,1424,260,1892]" captionTargetId-0="figure-35@3.[113,1474,231,1973]" captionTargetId-1="figure-63@6.[153,1438,234,1933]" captionTargetId-2="figure-115@8.[120,1468,234,1813]" captionTargetId-3="figure-41@9.[113,1474,255,1908]" captionTargetId-4="figure-66@10.[113,1472,240,1877]" captionTargetId-5="figure-93@11.[153,1438,242,1906]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="11" captionText-0="Figures 1–2. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (1) and adult female paratopotype (2), habitus: a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale in millimeters." captionText-1="Figures 3–4. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (3) and adult female paratopotype (4), pedipalp: a) femur, dorsal; b) patella, dorsal; c) patella, external; c) patella, ventral; e) chela, dorsal; f) chela, external; g) chela, ventral; h) chela, internal. Trichobothria indicated with white dots." captionText-2="Figures 5–6. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (5) and adult female paratopotype (6): a) prosoma, dorsal view; b) sternopectinal region, ventral view." captionText-3="Figures 7–8. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (7) and adult female paratopotype (8), metasoma and telson: a) dorsal view; b) lateral view; c) ventral view." captionText-4="Figures 9–10. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Figure 9. Adult male holotype: a) chelicera, dorsal view; b) chelicera, ventral view; c) pedipalp fingers, external view. Figure 10. Adult male paratopotype: a) metasomal segment V and telson, dorsal view; b) metasomal segment V and telson, ventral view; c) distal segments of leg III, ventral view." captionText-5="Figures 11–12. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Figure 11. Adult male paratopotype, whole right hemispermatophore with hemi-mating plug in place, consecutively rotated 45° around its longitudinal axis to complete a 180° spin, starting in posterior aspect (a) and finishing in anterior aspect (e). Figure 12. Adult male paratopotype, hemi-mating plug of right hemispermatophore, detached: a) exterior aspect; b) anterior (barb) aspect with barb and primary stem bent interiorly; c) interior aspect with barb tilted towards observer; d) posterior (primary base) aspect." pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Figures 1–11</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="C6C9BDCE2F72FFF3B2A3FA0E3768FA44" box="[479,557,1487,1511]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[113,169,1049,1070]" captionText="Table 1. Measurements (mm) of four type specimens of Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W), posterior width (Wp), depth (D)." pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Table 1</tableCitation>
) 
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<emphasis id="B93F54672F72FFF3B27CF9CF3733F985" bold="true" box="[256,630,1550,1574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">613F-4285-8429-FC52BE73967A</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351DBFE2F72FFF3B30DF98A35FEF783" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F72FFF3B30DF98A3424F940" blockId="4.[113,772,1611,1763]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<materialsCitation id="3B2382282F72FFF3B30DF98A3597F960" collectingDate="2019-05-25" collectionCode="TYPE, DATA, USNM" collectorName="B. Myers" country="United States of America" county="Orange County" elevation="148" location="Villa Park" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="California" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="ED5A10B02F72FFF3B30DF98A35ACF9C0" box="[113,233,1611,1635]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">TYPE DATA</collectionCode>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F35CC8E52F72FFF3B38FF98A346EF9C0" box="[243,299,1611,1635]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">USA</collectingCountry>
, 
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<collectingRegion id="498F46972F72FFF3B244F98A34E2F9C0" box="[312,423,1611,1635]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">California</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
, 
<collectingCounty id="6295F0F92F72FFF3B2CAF98A3718F9C0" box="[438,605,1611,1635]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Orange County</collectingCounty>
, 
<quantity id="4CB325902F72FFF3B114F98A37F1F9C0" box="[616,692,1611,1635]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="km" value="2.2">2.2 km</quantity>
east of 
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, from 
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<quantity id="4CB325902F72FFF3B25DF9AA34DDF921" box="[289,408,1643,1667]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.475" metricValueMax="1.68" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="147.5" valueMax="168.0" valueMin="127.0">127–168 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, under rocks in open area, 
<date id="FFF5AEB52F72FFF3B194F9AA35A7F900" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2019-05-25">
<collectingDate id="EFB1575D2F72FFF3B194F9AA35A7F900" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2019-05-25">25 May 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26BEEDA32F72FFF3B392F94A3416F900" box="[238,339,1675,1699]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">B. Myers</collectorName>
leg., 
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<typeStatus id="54F036D72F72FFF3B2C6F94A3752F900" box="[442,535,1675,1699]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and 
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paratopotype (
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)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B2382282F72FFF3B39AF96A372DF960" box="[230,616,1707,1731]" collectionCode="RTO" country="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="9D4D43FC2F72FFF3B39AF96A3442F960" box="[230,263,1707,1731]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
and 
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paratopotypes (
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)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D4D43FC2F72FFF3B107F96A37D8F960" box="[635,669,1707,1731]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="9D4D43FC2F72FFF3B19EF96A3646F960" box="[738,771,1707,1731]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
paratopotypes (
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).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F72FFF3B30DF8C935FEF783" blockId="4.[113,773,1800,2080]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED (not 
<typeStatus id="54F036D72F72FFF3B173F8C9370FF883" box="[527,586,1800,1824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">types</typeStatus>
). Three juveniles collected with the 
<typeStatus id="54F036D72F72FFF3B240F8E93436F8E3" box="[316,371,1832,1856]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">types</typeStatus>
(
<date id="FFF5AEB52F72FFF3B2F9F8E93758F8E3" box="[389,541,1832,1856]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2019-05-25">25 May 2019</date>
), plus one litter born in captivity (see below, in Ecological Notes section). These juveniles are kept alive to study the reproductive biology of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F72FFF3B30DF849346DF83C" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[113,296,1928,1952]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F72FFF3B30DF849346DF83C" box="[113,296,1928,1952]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F72FFF3B247F84934C6F803" bold="true" box="[315,387,1928,1952]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F72FFF3B247F84934C6F803" box="[315,387,1928,1952]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
All were intentionally excluded from the 
<typeStatus id="54F036D72F72FFF3B3A3F8693449F863" box="[223,268,1960,1984]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
series because their immaturity hampers an accurate species identification and their preservation cannot be warranted (e.g., escape, cannibalism and decay after death may occur).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351DBFE2F72FFF3B04CFBA43042FB5E" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F72FFF3B04CFBA43042FB5E" blockId="4.[816,1474,1125,1277]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
ETYMOLOGY. We are pleased to name this tiny scorpion after our colleague Richard F. Ayrey (Flagstaff, 
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, 
<collectingCountry id="F35CC8E52F72FFF3B61CFB4430DCFB3E" box="[1376,1433,1157,1181]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">USA</collectingCountry>
), in recognition to his relevant contributions to the taxonomy of the “micro-vaejovid” scorpions, especially those of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F72FFF3B04CFB2436D0FB5E" authorityName="Soleglad, Ayrey, Graham &amp; Fet" authorityYear="2017" box="[816,917,1253,1277]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F72FFF3B04CFB2436D0FB5E" box="[816,917,1253,1277]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Catalinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, of which he is one of the authors.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351DBFE2F72FFF3B04CFAE43699F87E" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F72FFF3B04CFAE43699F87E" blockId="4.[816,1475,1317,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
DIAGNOSIS. Adult size small for the genus (males 
<quantity id="4CB325902F72FFF3B602FAE43618FAFF" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="17.0">17–19 mm</quantity>
, females 
<quantity id="4CB325902F72FFF3B0ACFA843115FAFE" box="[976,1104,1349,1373]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="22.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="21.0">21–23 mm</quantity>
). Coloration essentially uniform yellowish brown, with faint infuscation on carapace and carinae of pedipalps and metasoma. Pedipalps with dorsal patella spur carina with 1–4 major granules, the dorsal spur bearing a thick macroseta; manus oval (length/width ratio: 
<quantity id="4CB325902F72FFF3B04CFA2436FFFA5E" box="[816,954,1509,1533]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0513" metricValueMax="4.064" metricValueMin="4.0386" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="1.595" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.59">1.59–1.60 in</quantity>
males, 
<quantity id="4CB325902F72FFF3B772FA2431DDFA5E" box="[1038,1176,1509,1533]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8989" metricValueMax="3.9116" metricValueMin="3.8862" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="1.535" valueMax="1.54" valueMin="1.53">1.53–1.54 in</quantity>
females), much wider than patella (ratio: 
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males, 
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females), with carinae moderately granulose, internal surface very finely, densely and evenly granulose; fixed/movable fingers each with 6/6 principal rows of denticles. Carapace trapezoidal, clearly longer than wide and very finely and densely granulose, with many medium-sized, rough granules scattered. Tergites I–VI very finely and evenly granulose. Pectines with tooth count 9/ 
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males, 8/ 
<quantity id="4CB325902F72FFF3B654F924301DF95E" box="[1320,1368,1765,1789]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
females. Metasoma slightly more robust in males (length/width ratio of segments IV and V: 1.07–1.09 and 1.77–1.80, respectively, 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F72FFF3B04CF8843603F8FF" box="[816,838,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">vs</emphasis>
. 1.12–1.13 and 
<quantity id="4CB325902F72FFF3B08BF884313AF8FE" box="[1015,1151,1861,1885]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6228" metricValueMax="4.6736" metricValueMin="4.572" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="1.82" valueMax="1.84" valueMin="1.8">1.80–1.84 in</quantity>
females). Telson vesicle oval and slightly narrower in males (length/width ratio: 1.66–1.77 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F72FFF3B04CF8443603F83F" box="[816,838,1925,1948]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">vs</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="4CB325902F72FFF3B02BF84436A4F83E" box="[855,993,1925,1949]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6322" metricValueMax="3.683" metricValueMin="3.5814" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="1.43" valueMax="1.45" valueMin="1.41">1.41–1.45 in</quantity>
females), dorsal surface with well-defined, pigmented oval patch in male (absent in female), subaculear tubercle absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351DBFE2F73FFF0B30DFF2B30FCFA2F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F73FFF2B30DFF2B34A8FD81" blockId="5.[113,772,233,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
DESCRIPTION (adult male 
<typeStatus id="54F036D72F73FFF2B2F1FF2B34AAFEA1" box="[397,495,234,258]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F73FFF2B178FF28373AFEA2" bold="true" box="[516,639,233,257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Coloration</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B1EDFF2B379BFEA1" box="[657,734,234,258]" captionStart="Figures 1–2" captionStartId="3.[116,193,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[166,1344,241,1961]" captionTargetId="figure-35@3.[113,1474,231,1973]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–2. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (1) and adult female paratopotype (2), habitus: a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale in millimeters." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B193FF2B37BBFEA1" box="[751,766,234,258]" captionStart="Figures 3–4" captionStartId="6.[117,194,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,243,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-63@6.[153,1438,234,1933]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 3–4. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (3) and adult female paratopotype (4), pedipalp: a) femur, dorsal; b) patella, dorsal; c) patella, external; c) patella, ventral; e) chela, dorsal; f) chela, external; g) chela, ventral; h) chela, internal. Trichobothria indicated with white dots." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B30DFECB35C5FE81" box="[113,128,266,290]" captionStart="Figures 5–6" captionStartId="8.[113,190,1833,1855]" captionTargetBox="[120,1468,235,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-115@8.[120,1468,234,1813]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 5–6. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (5) and adult female paratopotype (6): a) prosoma, dorsal view; b) sternopectinal region, ventral view." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B3ECFECB35DAFE82" box="[144,159,266,289]" captionStart="Figures 7–8" captionStartId="9.[116,193,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,281,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-41@9.[113,1474,255,1908]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figures 7–8. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (7) and adult female paratopotype (8), metasoma and telson: a) dorsal view; b) lateral view; c) ventral view." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">7</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B3D3FECB35FBFE81" box="[175,190,266,290]" captionStart="Figures 9–10" captionStartId="10.[115,192,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[117,1450,255,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-66@10.[113,1472,240,1877]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 9–10. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Figure 9. Adult male holotype: a) chelicera, dorsal view; b) chelicera, ventral view; c) pedipalp fingers, external view. Figure 10. Adult male paratopotype: a) metasomal segment V and telson, dorsal view; b) metasomal segment V and telson, ventral view; c) distal segments of leg III, ventral view." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B3B2FECB35B0FE81" box="[206,245,266,290]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="12.[115,183,1996,2018]" captionTargetBox="[135,1449,278,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-32@12.[111,1475,240,1911]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 13. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adults photographed alive on white background: a) male holotype; b) female paratopotype." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">13a</figureCitation>
) base yellowish brown, almost uniform except as follows. Chelicerae, legs, sternopectinal region, sternites III–VI and telson paler. Carapace with ocular tubercles and posterior margin blackish, area around median eyes faintly infuscate. Tergites I–VI with posterior margin blackish. Pedipalps, tergite VII, sternite VII and metasoma with all carinae moderately infuscate. Legs with very faint infuscation on external surfaces of femur and patella. Pectines and intersegmental membranes whitish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F73FFF2B30DFDE83488FD61" blockId="5.[113,772,233,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F73FFF2B30DFDE835AFFDE2" bold="true" box="[113,234,553,577]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Chelicerae</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B387FDEB3421FDE1" box="[251,356,554,578]" captionStart="Figures 9–10" captionStartId="10.[115,192,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[117,1450,255,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-66@10.[113,1472,240,1877]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 9–10. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Figure 9. Adult male holotype: a) chelicera, dorsal view; b) chelicera, ventral view; c) pedipalp fingers, external view. Figure 10. Adult male paratopotype: a) metasomal segment V and telson, dorsal view; b) metasomal segment V and telson, ventral view; c) distal segments of leg III, ventral view." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 9a–b</figureCitation>
). With dentition typical for the genus, teeth relatively small but sharp. Tegument smooth and glossy. Setation very dense ventrally, but essentially lacking dorsally, except for two large macrosetae (the innermost one longer and dark, the other shorter and pale).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F73FFF2B30DFD0834BBFA81" blockId="5.[113,772,233,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F73FFF2B30DFD0835A5FD42" bold="true" box="[113,224,713,737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Pedipalps</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B38DFD0B3478FD41" box="[241,317,714,738]" captionStart="Figures 3–4" captionStartId="6.[117,194,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,243,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-63@6.[153,1438,234,1933]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 3–4. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (3) and adult female paratopotype (4), pedipalp: a) femur, dorsal; b) patella, dorsal; c) patella, external; c) patella, ventral; e) chela, dorsal; f) chela, external; g) chela, ventral; h) chela, internal. Trichobothria indicated with white dots." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B236FD0B3423FD41" box="[330,358,714,738]" captionStart="Figures 9–10" captionStartId="10.[115,192,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[117,1450,255,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-66@10.[113,1472,240,1877]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 9–10. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Figure 9. Adult male holotype: a) chelicera, dorsal view; b) chelicera, ventral view; c) pedipalp fingers, external view. Figure 10. Adult male paratopotype: a) metasomal segment V and telson, dorsal view; b) metasomal segment V and telson, ventral view; c) distal segments of leg III, ventral view." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">9c</figureCitation>
). Size and robustness standard for the genus, sparsely setose. Orthobothriotaxic C. Femur slightly curved inwards and sparsely setose (setae variously-sized); all four carinae strong, coarsely granulose; intercarinal tegument fine and densely granulose, with many coarser granules scattered. Patella essentially straight and sparsely setose (setae longer and thicker on internal surface); all six carinae strong, coarsely granulose; intercarinal tegument fine and densely granulose, with some coarser granules scattered. Chela robust and very sparsely setose (setae variously-sized, denser on fingers); manus oval and relatively slender (1.60 times longer than wide), much wider than patella (ratio 1.56), and with the distal half wider, all eight carinae moderate to strong, variably granulose to subcostate, intercarinal tegument very finely, densely and evenly granulose; fingers remarkably short (underhand 1.58 times longer than movable finger), very shallowly curved and with tegument coriaceous; fixed finger with 6/6 principal rows of denticles, movable finger with 6/6, basal lobe/notch combination absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F73FFF2B30DFAE834E0F961" blockId="5.[113,772,233,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F73FFF2B30DFAE8359AFAE2" bold="true" box="[113,223,1321,1345]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Carapace</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B38AFAEB340FFAE1" box="[246,330,1322,1346]" captionStart="Figures 5–6" captionStartId="8.[113,190,1833,1855]" captionTargetBox="[120,1468,235,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-115@8.[120,1468,234,1813]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 5–6. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (5) and adult female paratopotype (6): a) prosoma, dorsal view; b) sternopectinal region, ventral view." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5a</figureCitation>
). Trapezoidal and clearly longer than wide; anterior margin rough and widely bilobed, with three pairs of dark macrosetae and a few pale microsetae scattered. Carination essentially absent: the only definable carinae are the superciliaries (moderately and irregularly granulose). Furrows: anterior marginal, anterior median, median ocular, central median, posterior median and posterior marginal fused, narrow and deep, posterior laterals and posterior transverse long, wide and shallow, other furrows indistinct. Tegument very finely and densely granulose, with many medium-sized, rough granules scattered all over. Median eyes relatively small, separated by more than one ocular diameter; two pairs of much smaller lateral eyes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F73FFF2B30DF90837B7F881" blockId="5.[113,772,233,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F73FFF2B30DF9083591F942" bold="true" box="[113,212,1737,1761]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Sternum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B398F90B3470F941" box="[228,309,1738,1762]" captionStart="Figures 5–6" captionStartId="8.[113,190,1833,1855]" captionTargetBox="[120,1468,235,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-115@8.[120,1468,234,1813]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 5–6. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (5) and adult female paratopotype (6): a) prosoma, dorsal view; b) sternopectinal region, ventral view." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
). Standard for the genus: 
<typeStatus id="54F036D72F73FFF2B131F90B373EF941" box="[589,635,1738,1762]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">type</typeStatus>
2, relatively large, markedly wider than long and pentagonal, with 4–5 pairs of dark macrosetae. Tegument finely and densely granulose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F73FFF2B30DF8E834B8F801" blockId="5.[113,772,233,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F73FFF2B30DF8E83411F8E1" bold="true" box="[113,340,1833,1858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Genital operculum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B20CF8EB3488F8E1" box="[368,461,1834,1858]" captionStart="Figures 5–6" captionStartId="8.[113,190,1833,1855]" captionTargetBox="[120,1468,235,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-115@8.[120,1468,234,1813]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 5–6. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (5) and adult female paratopotype (6): a) prosoma, dorsal view; b) sternopectinal region, ventral view." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
). Relatively large, halves slightly separated and acutely paraboloid in shape, with 4–5 pairs of dark macrosetae; tegument smooth. Genital papillae protruding. Pre-pectinal plate absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F73FFF2B30DF8683039FE41" blockId="5.[113,772,233,2050]" lastBlockId="5.[816,1475,234,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F73FFF2B30DF8683419F862" bold="true" box="[113,348,1961,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Hemispermatophore</emphasis>
(paratopotype: 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B12DF86B37B2F861" box="[593,759,1962,1986]" captionStart="Figures 11–12" captionStartId="11.[113,190,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[172,1424,260,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-93@11.[153,1438,242,1906]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 11–12. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Figure 11. Adult male paratopotype, whole right hemispermatophore with hemi-mating plug in place, consecutively rotated 45° around its longitudinal axis to complete a 180° spin, starting in posterior aspect (a) and finishing in anterior aspect (e). Figure 12. Adult male paratopotype, hemi-mating plug of right hemispermatophore, detached: a) exterior aspect; b) anterior (barb) aspect with barb and primary stem bent interiorly; c) interior aspect with barb tilted towards observer; d) posterior (primary base) aspect." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Figs. 11–12</figureCitation>
). Lamelliform, overall morphology and morphometrics standard for the genus: trunk broad, about as long as distal lamina; lamina margins subparallel, terminus truncated, lacking distal crest; lamellar hook arising from anterior edge of dorsal trough, elongated, apex distinctly bifurcated, secondary lamellar hook and basal constriction absent. Hemimating plug in standard configuration for the genus: primary base connecting, via short secondary stem, to flared secondary base; secondary base connecting via longer primary stem to simple barb with short tine, long tine and smooth edge.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F73FFF2B04CFE2830D0FD41" blockId="5.[816,1475,234,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F73FFF2B04CFE2836C8FDA2" bold="true" box="[816,909,489,513]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Pectines</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B0DDFE2B36B0FDA1" box="[929,1013,490,514]" captionStart="Figures 5–6" captionStartId="8.[113,190,1833,1855]" captionTargetBox="[120,1468,235,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-115@8.[120,1468,234,1813]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 5–6. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (5) and adult female paratopotype (6): a) prosoma, dorsal view; b) sternopectinal region, ventral view." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
). Size and shape standard for the genus: short (not reaching leg IV trochanter-femur articulation), subtriangular and densely setose. Fulcra large. Tooth count 9/9, teeth moderately short and swollen. Basal middle lamella unmodified. Basal plate weakly sclerotized, wider than long, with a wide, deep median furrow all along and five pairs of dark macrosetae; anterior margin very widely V-shaped, posterior margin shallowly convex; tegument coriaceous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F73FFF2B04CFD2B36C5FB81" blockId="5.[816,1475,234,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F73FFF2B04CFD2B3620FCA1" bold="true" box="[816,869,746,770]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Legs</emphasis>
(paratopotype: 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B76AFD2B3130FCA1" box="[1046,1141,746,770]" captionStart="Figures 9–10" captionStartId="10.[115,192,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[117,1450,255,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-66@10.[113,1472,240,1877]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 9–10. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Figure 9. Adult male holotype: a) chelicera, dorsal view; b) chelicera, ventral view; c) pedipalp fingers, external view. Figure 10. Adult male paratopotype: a) metasomal segment V and telson, dorsal view; b) metasomal segment V and telson, ventral view; c) distal segments of leg III, ventral view." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 10c</figureCitation>
). Relatively short but slender, with all carinae finely serrate to granulose; intercarinal tegument very finely, densely and evenly granulose. All basitarsi with two primary ventral setae (PVS) and two primary ventroexternal setae (PEVS), as standard for the genus. Prolateral and retrolateral pedal spurs long and thick. Prolateral and retrolateral pedal spurs long and thick. Ventral surface of telotarsi round and with setae and spinules arranged in standard pattern for the genus. Claws short and strongly curved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F73FFF2B04CFBEB36EAFA41" blockId="5.[816,1475,234,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F73FFF2B04CFBEB36EDFBE1" bold="true" box="[816,936,1066,1090]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Mesosoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B0C7FBEB3142FBE1" box="[955,1031,1066,1090]" captionStart="Figures 1–2" captionStartId="3.[116,193,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[166,1344,241,1961]" captionTargetId="figure-35@3.[113,1474,231,1973]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–2. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (1) and adult female paratopotype (2), habitus: a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale in millimeters." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B765FBEB3173FBE1" box="[1049,1078,1066,1090]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="12.[115,183,1996,2018]" captionTargetBox="[135,1449,278,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-32@12.[111,1475,240,1911]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 13. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adults photographed alive on white background: a) male holotype; b) female paratopotype." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">13</figureCitation>
). Tergites I–VI essentially bare and very finely, densely and evenly granulose, with coarser granules scattered along posterior margin only; single longitudinal carina (median) obsolete to vestigial; VII densely granulose, with many coarser granules scattered all over, longitudinal median carina vestigial, submedian and lateral carinae very long, strong and coarsely granulose. Sternites III–VI sparsely setose, acarinate and very finely and densely granulose, spiracles oblique, small and short-oval; VII densely granulose, with many coarser granules scattered all over, submedian carinae either absent or obscured by surrounding granulation, lateral carinae long and moderately granulose; posterior margin of I–VII almost straight; smooth patch of V not defined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F73FFF0B04CFA2B3464FC6F" blockId="5.[816,1475,234,2050]" lastBlockId="7.[113,771,756,1260]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F73FFF2B04CFA2B36E3F9A1" bold="true" box="[816,934,1514,1538]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Metasoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F73FFF2B0C9FA2B36B1F9A1" box="[949,1012,1514,1538]" captionStart="Figures 7–8" captionStartId="9.[116,193,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,281,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-41@9.[113,1474,255,1908]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figures 7–8. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (7) and adult female paratopotype (8), metasoma and telson: a) dorsal view; b) lateral view; c) ventral view." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Relatively short, very robust and parallelsided (except for slight distal tapering on segments I and V) and very sparsely setose. Length/width ratio of each segment: I (0.68), II (0.72), III (0.78), IV (1.07), V (1.77). Segment I with ten complete carinae, II–IV with eight, V with five, all very strong and coarsely serrate: dorsal laterals on I–IV complete, distally fused by transverse granular row and with terminal denticles conspicuously enlarged, absent on V; lateral supramedians complete on I–V, with terminal denticles conspicuously enlarged on I–IV; lateral inframedians complete on I, present on distal half to two-thirds on III–IV and present on basal two-thirds on V; ventral laterals complete on I–V; ventral submedians complete on I–IV, absent on V but suggested by coarser and irregularly arranged granulation; ventral median absent on I–IV, complete on V. Intercarinal tegument moderately concave on all segments, very finely and densely granulose, with many coarser granules scattered all over. Dorsal furrow complete, moderately wide and deep on all segments. Setation pattern per carinae on segments I–IV: single macroseta (rarely two) on dorsolaterals, lateral supramedians and lateral inframedians, two macrosetae on ventrolaterals and three macrosetae on ventral submedians; on segment V: three macrosetae on all five carinae (paired on ventral median).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF34D8FD2F70FFF1B309F863359AF851" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" startId="6.[117,194,1954,1976]" targetBox="[168,1421,243,1915]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F70FFF1B309F863359AF851" blockId="6.[117,1475,1954,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B309F86335B4F814" bold="true" box="[117,241,1954,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Figures 3–4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F70FFF1B384F86234D6F81B" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[248,403,1955,1976]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B384F86234D6F81B" box="[248,403,1955,1976]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B2E6F8623495F81B" bold="true" box="[410,464,1955,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F70FFF1B2E6F8623495F81B" box="[410,464,1955,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, adult male holotype (
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B1D5F86337F0F814" bold="true" box="[681,693,1954,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">3</emphasis>
) and adult female paratopotype (
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B088F8633145F814" bold="true" box="[1012,1024,1954,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">4</emphasis>
), pedipalp: 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B708F86331CDF81B" bold="true" box="[1140,1160,1954,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">a)</emphasis>
femur, dorsal; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B666F863306AF81B" bold="true" box="[1306,1327,1954,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">b)</emphasis>
patella, dorsal; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B309F87E35C2F876" bold="true" box="[117,135,1983,2005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">c)</emphasis>
patella, external; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B245F87E340EF876" bold="true" box="[313,331,1983,2005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">c)</emphasis>
patella, ventral; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B28EF87E3740F876" bold="true" box="[498,517,1983,2005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">e)</emphasis>
chela, dorsal; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B1EBF87E37E2F876" bold="true" box="[663,679,1983,2005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">f)</emphasis>
chela, external; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B037F87E361AF876" bold="true" box="[843,863,1983,2005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">g)</emphasis>
chela, ventral; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F70FFF1B085F87E314BF876" bold="true" box="[1017,1038,1983,2005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">h)</emphasis>
chela, internal. Trichobothria indicated with white dots.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B39DFF3430D5FD30" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<table id="F94B7AD52F710008B3F7FF3530E4FD37" box="[139,1441,244,660]" gridcols="7" gridrows="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<tr id="357B8A372F710008B3F7FF3530E4FEAE" box="[139,1441,244,269]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B3F7FF353497FEAE" box="[139,466,244,269]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B39DFF3434C7FEAE" bold="true" box="[225,386,245,269]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Selected ratios</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B28DFF35375DFEAE" box="[497,536,244,269]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B28DFF34375DFEAE" bold="true" box="[497,536,245,269]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Sex</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B137FF3537FAFEAE" box="[587,703,244,269]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B137FF3437FAFEAF" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[587,703,244,269]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andreas">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B137FF3437FAFEAF" bold="true" box="[587,703,244,269]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. andreas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B196FF3536CAFEAE" box="[746,911,244,269]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B196FF3436CAFEAE" bold="true" box="[746,911,245,269]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B196FF34360CFEAE" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[746,841,245,269]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B196FF34360CFEAE" bold="true" box="[746,841,245,269]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F71FFF0B029FF3436CAFEAE" box="[853,911,245,269]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B0CDFF35316BFEAE" box="[945,1070,244,269]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B0CDFF34316BFEAF" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[945,1070,245,269]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanea">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B0CDFF34316BFEAF" bold="true" box="[945,1070,245,269]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. castanea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B710FF35319BFEAE" box="[1132,1246,244,269]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B710FF34319BFEAE" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1132,1246,245,269]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B710FF34319BFEAE" bold="true" box="[1132,1246,245,269]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B66EFF3530E4FEAE" box="[1298,1441,244,269]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B66EFF3430E4FEAF" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[1298,1441,244,269]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thompsoni">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B66EFF3430E4FEAF" bold="true" box="[1298,1441,244,269]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. thompsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="357B8A372F710008B3F7FED830E4FEF6" box="[139,1441,281,341]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B3F7FED83497FEF6" box="[139,466,281,341]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Pedipalp manus (L/W)</th>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B28DFED8375DFEF6" box="[497,536,281,341]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">♂♂ ♀♀</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B137FED837FAFEF6" box="[587,703,281,341]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.56–1.62 1.48–1.80</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B196FED836CAFEF6" box="[746,911,281,341]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.59–1.60 1.53–1.54</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B0CDFED8316BFEF6" box="[945,1070,281,341]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.39–1.46 1.47</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B710FED8319BFEF6" box="[1132,1246,281,341]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.42–1.56 1.43–1.53</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B66EFED830E4FEF6" box="[1298,1441,281,341]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.21–1.43 1.32–1.50</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357B8A372F710008B3F7FEAE30E4FE1A" box="[139,1441,367,441]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B3F7FEAE3497FE1A" box="[139,466,367,441]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Metasoma (L)/Segment IV (W)</th>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B28DFEAE375DFE1A" box="[497,536,367,441]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">♂♂ ♀♀</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B137FEAE37FAFE1A" box="[587,703,367,441]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">5.50–5.62 5.77–5.89</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B196FEAE36CAFE1A" box="[746,911,367,441]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">5.15–5.36 5.37–5.46</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B0CDFEAE316BFE1A" box="[945,1070,367,441]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">4.24–4.34 4.36</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B710FEAE319BFE1A" box="[1132,1246,367,441]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">4.57–4.81 4.65–4.83</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B66EFEAE30E4FE1A" box="[1298,1441,367,441]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">4.56–4.79 4.54–4.78</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357B8A372F710008B3F7FE0730E4FDA1" box="[139,1441,454,514]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B3F7FE073497FDA1" box="[139,466,454,514]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Metasomal segment IV (L/W)</th>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B28DFE07375DFDA1" box="[497,536,454,514]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">♂♂ ♀♀</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B137FE0737FAFDA1" box="[587,703,454,514]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.12–1.20 1.13–1.18</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B196FE0736CAFDA1" box="[746,911,454,514]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.07–1.09 1.12–1.13</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B0CDFE07316BFDA1" box="[945,1070,454,514]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">0.91–0.92 0.94</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B710FE07319BFDA1" box="[1132,1246,454,514]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">0.97–1.00 1.00–1.04</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B66EFE0730E4FDA1" box="[1298,1441,454,514]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">0.98–1.00 0.98–1.00</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357B8A372F710008B3F7FDCF30E4FDE8" box="[139,1441,526,587]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B3F7FDCF3497FDE8" box="[139,466,526,587]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Metasomal segment V (L/W)</th>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B28DFDCF375DFDE8" box="[497,536,526,587]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">♂♂ ♀♀</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B137FDCF37FAFDE8" box="[587,703,526,587]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.91–1.93 1.87–2.15</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B196FDCF36CAFDE8" box="[746,911,526,587]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.77–1.80 1.80–1.84</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B0CDFDCF316BFDE8" box="[945,1070,526,587]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.35–1.41 1.36</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B710FDCF319BFDE8" box="[1132,1246,526,587]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.57–1.65 1.55–1.56</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B66EFDCF30E4FDE8" box="[1298,1441,526,587]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1.62–1.67 1.54–1.65</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357B8A372F710008B3F7FD9630E4FD37" box="[139,1441,599,660]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="76AAE34B2F710008B3F7FD963497FD37" box="[139,466,599,660]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Telson (L/W)</th>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B28DFD96375DFD37" box="[497,536,599,660]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">♂♂ ♀♀</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B137FD9637FAFD37" box="[587,703,599,660]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">2.00–2.82 2.00–2.31</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B196FD9636CAFD37" box="[746,911,599,660]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">2.52–2.77 2.31–2.33</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B0CDFD96316BFD37" box="[945,1070,599,660]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">2.08–2.40 2.00</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B710FD96319BFD37" box="[1132,1246,599,660]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">2.15–2.40 2.47–2.53</td>
<td id="76AAE34B2F710008B66EFD9630E4FD37" box="[1298,1441,599,660]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">2.38–2.67 2.10–2.65</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF34D8FD2F71FFF0B308FD63310FFD76" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" startId="7.[116,172,674,695]">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B308FD63310FFD76" blockId="7.[116,1447,674,725]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B308FD633580FD14" bold="true" box="[116,197,674,695]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Table 2.</emphasis>
Morphometric comparison of adults of all species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B1B4FD633666FD14" authorityName="Soleglad, Ayrey, Graham &amp; Fet" authorityYear="2017" box="[712,803,674,695]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B1B4FD633666FD14" box="[712,803,674,695]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Catalinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W). Ratios of species other than 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B308FD7E358EFD76" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[116,203,703,725]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B308FD7E358EFD76" box="[116,203,703,725]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B3ADFD7E3442FD77" bold="true" box="[209,263,703,724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F71FFF0B3ADFD7E3442FD77" box="[209,263,703,724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
calculated from primary data of Gertsch &amp; Soleglad (1972) and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAF5842F71FFF0B009FD7E3103FD76" author="SOLEGLAD" box="[885,1094,703,725]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref5984" refString="SOLEGLAD, M. E., R. F. AYREY, M. R. GRAHAM &amp; V. FET. 2017. Catalinia, a new scorpion genus from southern California, USA and northern Baja California, Mexico (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae). Euscorpius, 251: 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2017">Soleglad et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B30DFC15371BFB4F" blockId="7.[113,771,756,1260]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B30DFC1535FFFC4F" bold="true" box="[113,186,980,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Telson</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F71FFF0B3B0FC15345CFC4F" box="[204,281,980,1004]" captionStart="Figures 7–8" captionStartId="9.[116,193,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,281,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-41@9.[113,1474,255,1908]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figures 7–8. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (7) and adult female paratopotype (8), metasoma and telson: a) dorsal view; b) lateral view; c) ventral view." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
). Vesicle oval (1.77 times longer than wide, 1.39 times wider than deep) and with some setae of different sizes scattered, laterodistal swellings obsolete, dorsal surface with a large, dark, oval patch on distal half (a gland?); tegument coriaceous, with few traces of coarse granules scattered on dorsal and lateral surfaces; ventral median carina obsolete; subaculear tubercle absent. Aculeus very short (1.77 times shorter than vesicle), thick but sharp and moderately curved, with 3–5 laterobasal aculear serrations (LAS).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B30DFAD53799F9EF" blockId="7.[113,772,1300,1612]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
FEMALE (paratopotype: 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F71FFF0B216FAD534F1FA8F" box="[362,436,1300,1324]" captionStart="Figures 1–2" captionStartId="3.[116,193,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[166,1344,241,1961]" captionTargetId="figure-35@3.[113,1474,231,1973]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–2. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (1) and adult female paratopotype (2), habitus: a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale in millimeters." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F71FFF0B2C2FAD53488FA8F" box="[446,461,1300,1324]" captionStart="Figures 3–4" captionStartId="6.[117,194,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,243,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-63@6.[153,1438,234,1933]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 3–4. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (3) and adult female paratopotype (4), pedipalp: a) femur, dorsal; b) patella, dorsal; c) patella, external; c) patella, ventral; e) chela, dorsal; f) chela, external; g) chela, ventral; h) chela, internal. Trichobothria indicated with white dots." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F71FFF0B2A4FAD534A2FA8F" box="[472,487,1300,1324]" captionStart="Figures 5–6" captionStartId="8.[113,190,1833,1855]" captionTargetBox="[120,1468,235,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-115@8.[120,1468,234,1813]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 5–6. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (5) and adult female paratopotype (6): a) prosoma, dorsal view; b) sternopectinal region, ventral view." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">6</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F71FFF0B28DFAD53745FA8F" box="[497,512,1300,1324]" captionStart="Figures 7–8" captionStartId="9.[116,193,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,281,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-41@9.[113,1474,255,1908]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figures 7–8. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (7) and adult female paratopotype (8), metasoma and telson: a) dorsal view; b) lateral view; c) ventral view." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">8</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F71FFF0B177FAD53770FA8F" box="[523,565,1300,1324]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="12.[115,183,1996,2018]" captionTargetBox="[135,1449,278,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-32@12.[111,1475,240,1911]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 13. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adults photographed alive on white background: a) male holotype; b) female paratopotype." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">13b</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F71FFF0B143FAD537C6FA8F" box="[575,643,1300,1324]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="13.[111,179,1984,2006]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,236,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-38@13.[113,1474,236,1948]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 14. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., individuals photographed alive in captivity: a) mating pair of adult male and female paratopotypes; b) female paratopotype, with first-instar litter; c) juvenile." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">14a–b</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="C6C9BDCE2F71FFF0B1F1FAD537B2FA8F" box="[653,759,1300,1324]" captionStart-0="Table 1" captionStart-1="Table 2" captionStartId-0="4.[113,169,1049,1070]" captionStartId-1="7.[116,172,674,695]" captionText-0="Table 1. Measurements (mm) of four type specimens of Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W), posterior width (Wp), depth (D)." captionText-1="Table 2. Morphometric comparison of adults of all species of Catalinia. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W). Ratios of species other than C. ayreyi sp. n. calculated from primary data of Gertsch &amp; Soleglad (1972) and Soleglad et al. (2017)." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Tabs. 1–2</tableCitation>
). Very similar to male, slight sexual dimorphism evident in: 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B30DFA9535CDFACF" bold="true" box="[113,136,1364,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">1)</emphasis>
size slightly larger; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B211FA9534C6FACF" bold="true" box="[365,387,1364,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">2)</emphasis>
coloration slightly lighter and less vivid; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B3C4FAB5358BFA2F" bold="true" box="[184,206,1396,1420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">3)</emphasis>
entire body and appendages with tegument rougher and matter; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B388FA55344FFA0F" bold="true" box="[244,266,1428,1452]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">4)</emphasis>
pedipalp chelae slightly less robust; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B1E0FA5537F7FA0F" bold="true" box="[668,690,1428,1452]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">5)</emphasis>
genital operculum with valves fused by a membrane along basal twothirds; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B3C2FA153591FA4F" bold="true" box="[190,212,1492,1516]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">6)</emphasis>
genital papillae absent; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B2A2FA1534B1FA4F" bold="true" box="[478,500,1492,1516]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">7)</emphasis>
pectines slightly smaller and with lower tooth count; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B2C9FA35348EF9AF" bold="true" box="[437,459,1524,1548]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">8)</emphasis>
mesosoma wider and more convex-sided; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B26FF9D5346CF98F" bold="true" box="[275,297,1556,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">9)</emphasis>
metasoma slightly less robust; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B1E8F9D537F2F98F" bold="true" box="[660,695,1556,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">10)</emphasis>
telson vesicle more swollen and lacking dorsal pigmented patch.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B30DF9B5358BF8EF" blockId="7.[113,771,1652,1868]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
VARIATION. All adult specimens available of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B12FF9B53646F92F" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[595,771,1652,1676]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B12FF9B53646F92F" box="[595,771,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B30DF95535F2F90F" bold="true" box="[113,183,1684,1708]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F71FFF0B30DF95535F2F90F" box="[113,183,1684,1708]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are remarkably homogeneous in size, coloration, degree of attenuation of pedipalps and metasoma, sculpture and carination of the tegument, and number of principal rows of denticle in pedipalp fingers. Pectinal tooth counts in the entire sample are fixed: 9/ 
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all males and 8/ 
<quantity id="4CB325902F71FFF0B1CBF8D537A5F88F" box="[695,736,1812,1836]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
all females.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B30DF8B531B8FC0F" blockId="7.[113,771,1908,2029]" lastBlockId="7.[816,1481,756,1420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
COMPARISONS. The genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B2EFF8B534BDF82F" authorityName="Soleglad, Ayrey, Graham &amp; Fet" authorityYear="2017" box="[403,504,1908,1932]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B2EFF8B534BDF82F" box="[403,504,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Catalinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
currently includes only four species and two of them (
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B2A6F85537EEF80F" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[474,683,1940,1964]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanea">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B2A6F85537EEF80F" box="[474,683,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Catalinia castanea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B197F85435A5F86F" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thompsoni">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B197F85435A5F86F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. thompsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) are easily separated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B171F87537F9F86F" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[525,700,1972,1996]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B171F87537F9F86F" box="[525,700,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B1B9F8753646F86F" bold="true" box="[709,771,1972,1996]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F71FFF0B1B9F8753646F86F" box="[709,771,1972,1996]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
by a key character in vaejovid taxonomy, i.e., the possession of seven inner denticles on pedipalp movable finger, instead of six. Besides this, both species are further distinguished from the latter by having a remarkably wider, more swollen manus of pedipalp chela, glossier carapace tegument, conspicuously stouter metasoma, and consistently higher pectinal tooth counts (
<quantity id="4CB325902F71FFF0B0F8FC5536A1FC0F" box="[900,996,916,940]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 in</quantity>
males, 
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females).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B030FC7531D9FBAF" blockId="7.[816,1481,756,1420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
The remaining two congeners possess six inner denticles on pedipalp movable finger, but can be safely distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B04CFC35369BFBAF" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[816,990,1012,1036]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B04CFC35369BFBAF" box="[816,990,1012,1036]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B098FC353165FBAF" bold="true" box="[996,1056,1012,1036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F71FFF0B098FC353165FBAF" box="[996,1056,1012,1036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
as follows:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B030FBD536DDFB2F" blockId="7.[816,1481,756,1420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B030FBD5315FFB8F" bold="true" box="[844,1050,1044,1068]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B030FBD53155FB8F" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[844,1040,1044,1068]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andreas">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B030FBD53155FB8F" bold="true" box="[844,1040,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Catalinia andreas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
pedipalp patella and chela stouter, with carinae coarser and stronger; carapace longer, narrower and with granulation coarser and denser; metasoma distinctly slenderer.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B030FB553172FAAF" blockId="7.[816,1481,756,1420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B030FB55315BFB0F" bold="true" box="[844,1054,1172,1196]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B030FB553151FB0F" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[844,1044,1172,1196]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B030FB553151FB0F" bold="true" box="[844,1044,1172,1196]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Catalinia minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
pedipalp chela stouter, with carinae smoother and glossier; carapace distinctly wider; metasoma distinctly stouter; pectinal tooth counts higher (
<quantity id="4CB325902F71FFF0B627FB153084FB4F" box="[1371,1473,1236,1260]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="2.794" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10–11 in</quantity>
males, 
<quantity id="4CB325902F71FFF0B000FB353688FAAF" box="[892,973,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.413" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="9.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="9.0">9–10 in</quantity>
females).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B030FAD430FCFA2F" blockId="7.[816,1481,756,1420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
For a clearer understanding of all these differences, compare 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F71FFF0B04CFAF536D2FAEF" box="[816,919,1332,1356]" captionStart-0="Figures 1–2" captionStart-1="Figures 3–4" captionStart-2="Figures 5–6" captionStart-3="Figures 7–8" captionStart-4="Figures 9–10" captionStartId-0="3.[116,193,1982,2004]" captionStartId-1="6.[117,194,1954,1976]" captionStartId-2="8.[113,190,1833,1855]" captionStartId-3="9.[116,193,1971,1993]" captionStartId-4="10.[115,192,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox-0="[166,1344,241,1961]" captionTargetBox-1="[168,1421,243,1915]" captionTargetBox-2="[120,1468,235,1813]" captionTargetBox-3="[133,1454,281,1885]" captionTargetBox-4="[117,1450,255,1862]" captionTargetId-0="figure-35@3.[113,1474,231,1973]" captionTargetId-1="figure-63@6.[153,1438,234,1933]" captionTargetId-2="figure-115@8.[120,1468,234,1813]" captionTargetId-3="figure-41@9.[113,1474,255,1908]" captionTargetId-4="figure-66@10.[113,1472,240,1877]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionText-0="Figures 1–2. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (1) and adult female paratopotype (2), habitus: a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale in millimeters." captionText-1="Figures 3–4. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (3) and adult female paratopotype (4), pedipalp: a) femur, dorsal; b) patella, dorsal; c) patella, external; c) patella, ventral; e) chela, dorsal; f) chela, external; g) chela, ventral; h) chela, internal. Trichobothria indicated with white dots." captionText-2="Figures 5–6. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (5) and adult female paratopotype (6): a) prosoma, dorsal view; b) sternopectinal region, ventral view." captionText-3="Figures 7–8. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (7) and adult female paratopotype (8), metasoma and telson: a) dorsal view; b) lateral view; c) ventral view." captionText-4="Figures 9–10. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Figure 9. Adult male holotype: a) chelicera, dorsal view; b) chelicera, ventral view; c) pedipalp fingers, external view. Figure 10. Adult male paratopotype: a) metasomal segment V and telson, dorsal view; b) metasomal segment V and telson, ventral view; c) distal segments of leg III, ventral view." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Figs. 1–9</figureCitation>
and 
<tableCitation id="C6C9BDCE2F71FFF0B0ADFAF53179FAEF" box="[977,1084,1332,1356]" captionStart-0="Table 1" captionStart-1="Table 2" captionStartId-0="4.[113,169,1049,1070]" captionStartId-1="7.[116,172,674,695]" captionText-0="Table 1. Measurements (mm) of four type specimens of Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W), posterior width (Wp), depth (D)." captionText-1="Table 2. Morphometric comparison of adults of all species of Catalinia. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W). Ratios of species other than C. ayreyi sp. n. calculated from primary data of Gertsch &amp; Soleglad (1972) and Soleglad et al. (2017)." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Tabs. 1–2</tableCitation>
herein to the detailed descriptions, measurements and illustrations provided by Gertsch &amp; Soleglad (1972), 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAF5842F71FFF0B095FAB531DCFA2F" author="WILLIAMS" box="[1001,1177,1396,1420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref6279" refString="WILLIAMS, S. C. 1980. Scorpions of Baja California, Mexico, and adjacent islands. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 135: 1 - 127 + six unnumbered initial pages." type="journal article" year="1980">Williams (1980)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAF5842F71FFF0B7B0FAB530F0FA2F" author="SOLEGLAD" box="[1228,1461,1396,1420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref5984" refString="SOLEGLAD, M. E., R. F. AYREY, M. R. GRAHAM &amp; V. FET. 2017. Catalinia, a new scorpion genus from southern California, USA and northern Baja California, Mexico (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae). Euscorpius, 251: 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2017">Soleglad et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351DBFE2F71FFFFB04CFA7531EBF84E" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B04CFA75310CF9AF" blockId="7.[816,1481,1460,1548]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<materialsCitation id="3B2382282F71FFF0B04CFA753100F9AF" country="United States of America" location="Santa Ana Mountains" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California">
DISTRIBUTION (
<figureCitation id="137094F02F71FFF0B0AAFA75316FFA6F" box="[982,1066,1460,1484]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="15.[113,181,983,1005]" captionTargetBox="[113,1471,241,963]" captionTargetId="figure-502@15.[113,1471,239,963]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 16. Geographical distribution of Catalinia andreas (white symbols), Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. (red symbol), Catalinia castanea (black symbols), Catalinia minima (yellow symbols) and Catalinia thompsoni (grey symbols). Symbols with an inner dot indicate the type locality of each species except Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. (known from a single collecting site). Small inset on left bottom shows image location in North America." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Known only from the 
<typeStatus id="54F036D72F71FFF0B641FA74302EFA6E" box="[1341,1387,1461,1485]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
locality, in the northwestern foothills of the 
<location id="8E94DEAE2F71FFF0B7B6FA1530FBFA4F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E239632F72FFF8B3ADFA6D3176F7AD:8E94DEAE2F71FFF0B7B6FA1530FBFA4F" box="[1226,1470,1492,1516]" country="United States of America" name="Santa Ana Mountains" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" stateProvince="California">Santa Ana Mountains</location>
, southern 
<collectingRegion id="498F46972F71FFF0B0EFFA353147F9AF" box="[915,1026,1524,1548]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">California</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F35CC8E52F71FFF0B770FA353100F9AF" box="[1036,1093,1524,1548]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">USA</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFF0B04CF9F5314BF8CE" blockId="7.[816,1478,1588,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
ECOLOGICAL NOTES. The vegetation at the 
<typeStatus id="54F036D72F71FFF0B792F9F43059F9EE" box="[1262,1308,1589,1613]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
locality is open grassland with patches of scrub and scattered small trees and bushes (
<figureCitation id="137094F02F71FFF0B0F6F9B5314BF92F" box="[906,1038,1652,1676]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="14.[115,183,1979,2001]" captionTargetBox="[113,1472,240,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-13@14.[113,1472,240,1951]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 15. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., habitat and microhabitat at the type locality. a–b) overviews; c) detail of shelter under a turned rock, with two adult males of the syntopic Anuroctonus pococki pococki. Photos courtesy of Andrew Gray." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Figs. 15a–b</figureCitation>
). The specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B790F9B530D9F92F" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[1260,1436,1652,1676]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B790F9B530D9F92F" box="[1260,1436,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B6D8F9B53603F90F" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F71FFF0B6D8F9B53603F90F" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
were collected under exposed, mostly large rocks partially embedded in moist organic soil with humus and leaf litter. They occurred syntopically with the larger uroctonine chactid 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F71FFF0B04CF93430C4F8AF" authority="pococki Soleglad &amp; Fet, 2004" authorityName="pococki Soleglad &amp; Fet" authorityYear="2004" box="[816,1409,1780,1804]" class="Arachnida" family="Chactidae" genus="Anuroctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pococki" subSpecies="pococki">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F71FFF0B04CF934313CF8AF" box="[816,1145,1780,1804]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Anuroctonus pococki pococki</emphasis>
Soleglad &amp; Fet, 2004
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F71FFF0B6EBF935361FF88F" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="14.[115,183,1979,2001]" captionTargetBox="[113,1472,240,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-13@14.[113,1472,240,1951]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 15. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., habitat and microhabitat at the type locality. a–b) overviews; c) detail of shelter under a turned rock, with two adult males of the syntopic Anuroctonus pococki pococki. Photos courtesy of Andrew Gray." pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 15c</figureCitation>
). This habitat and microhabitat is consistent with those described and illustrated by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAF5842F71FFF0B725F8F5307FF8EF" author="SOLEGLAD" box="[1113,1338,1844,1868]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref5984" refString="SOLEGLAD, M. E., R. F. AYREY, M. R. GRAHAM &amp; V. FET. 2017. Catalinia, a new scorpion genus from southern California, USA and northern Baja California, Mexico (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae). Euscorpius, 251: 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2017">Soleglad et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
for the other species of the genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F71FFFFB030F8B5348EF84E" blockId="7.[816,1478,1588,2028]" lastBlockId="8.[115,773,1909,2029]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
One of the females was collected pregnant and gave birth in captivity to 17 offspring on 
<date id="FFF5AEB52F71FFF0B7FAF8553059F80F" box="[1158,1308,1940,1965]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" value="2019-05-31">31 May 2019</date>
. The newborns accomplished their first molt on 
<date id="FFF5AEB52F71FFF0B7E1F8753063F86F" box="[1181,1318,1972,1996]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" value="2019-06-08">8 June 2019</date>
(first instar = 9 days) and abandoned their mother on 
<date id="FFF5AEB52F71FFF0B790F81530C6F84F" box="[1260,1411,2004,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" value="2019-06-12">12 June 2019</date>
, at an age of 13 days. The alignment of the first instar young on the mesosoma of the mother (
<figureCitation id="137094F02F7EFFFFB2F2F85434AFF80E" box="[398,490,1941,1965]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="13.[111,179,1984,2006]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,236,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-38@13.[113,1474,236,1948]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 14. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., individuals photographed alive in captivity: a) mating pair of adult male and female paratopotypes; b) female paratopotype, with first-instar litter; c) juvenile." pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 14b</figureCitation>
) was mostly non-random, with chelicerae directed forwards, but about a third of the litter was oriented in other directions.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF34D8FD2F7EFFFFB30DF8E8347DF8FF" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" startId="8.[113,190,1833,1855]" targetBox="[120,1468,235,1813]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F7EFFFFB30DF8E8347DF8FF" blockId="8.[113,1472,1833,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7EFFFFB30DF8E835B5F89D" bold="true" box="[113,240,1833,1855]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figures 5–6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F7EFFFFB38BF8E834D1F89C" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[247,404,1833,1855]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7EFFFFB38BF8E834D1F89C" box="[247,404,1833,1855]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7EFFFFB2E7F8EB3497F89C" bold="true" box="[411,466,1834,1855]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F7EFFFFB2E7F8EB3497F89C" box="[411,466,1834,1855]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, adult male holotype (
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7EFFFFB1CCF8EB37F9F89C" bold="true" box="[688,700,1834,1855]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">5</emphasis>
) and adult female paratopotype (
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7EFFFFB77DF8E83148F89D" bold="true" box="[1025,1037,1833,1854]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">6</emphasis>
): 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7EFFFFB75FF8E83172F89C" bold="true" box="[1059,1079,1833,1855]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">a)</emphasis>
prosoma, dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7EFFFFB660F8E83074F89C" bold="true" box="[1308,1329,1833,1855]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">b)</emphasis>
sternopectinal region, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F7EFFFFB032F8B431EBF84E" blockId="8.[818,1476,1909,2029]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
All our data on birth date, litter size, first instar duration, release and orientation of young, closely match what was recorded and illustrated by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAF5842F7EFFFFB72EF8743071F86E" author="SOLEGLAD" box="[1106,1332,1973,1997]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref5984" refString="SOLEGLAD, M. E., R. F. AYREY, M. R. GRAHAM &amp; V. FET. 2017. Catalinia, a new scorpion genus from southern California, USA and northern Baja California, Mexico (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae). Euscorpius, 251: 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2017">Soleglad et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
for 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F7EFFFFB623F87436C7F84E" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1911" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7EFFFFB623F87436C7F84E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Catalinia minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Santa Catalina Island.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF34D8FD2F7FFFFEB308F8723400F845" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" startId="9.[116,193,1971,1993]" targetBox="[133,1454,281,1885]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F7FFFFEB308F8723400F845" blockId="9.[115,1474,1971,2022]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7FFFFEB308F87235AAF86B" bold="true" box="[116,239,1971,1993]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Figures 7–8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F7FFFFEB389F87234D5F86A" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[245,400,1971,1993]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7FFFFEB389F87234D5F86A" box="[245,400,1971,1993]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7FFFFEB2E9F872348FF86B" bold="true" box="[405,458,1971,1992]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F7FFFFEB2E9F872348FF86B" box="[405,458,1971,1992]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, adult male holotype (
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7FFFFEB1E3F87237EEF86B" bold="true" box="[671,683,1971,1992]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">7</emphasis>
) and adult female paratopotype (
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7FFFFEB09AF87236B7F86B" bold="true" box="[998,1010,1971,1992]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">8</emphasis>
), metasoma and telson: 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7FFFFEB7A4F87231A9F86A" bold="true" box="[1240,1260,1971,1993]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">a)</emphasis>
dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7FFFFEB610F87230C4F86A" bold="true" box="[1388,1409,1971,1993]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">b)</emphasis>
lateral view; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7FFFFEB3D3F8113587F845" bold="true" box="[175,194,2000,2022]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">c)</emphasis>
ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF34D8FD2F7CFFFDB30FF85D37C2F84F" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" startId="10.[115,192,1948,1970]" targetBox="[117,1450,255,1862]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F7CFFFDB30FF85D37C2F84F" blockId="10.[115,1473,1948,2028]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7CFFFDB30FF85D35BEF812" bold="true" box="[115,251,1948,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figures 9–10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F7CFFFDB27DF85D34D8F811" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[257,413,1948,1970]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7CFFFDB27DF85D34D8F811" box="[257,413,1948,1970]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7CFFFDB2DFF85D377FF812" bold="true" box="[419,570,1948,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F7CFFFDB2DFF85D349CF812" box="[419,473,1948,1969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figure 9.
</emphasis>
Adult male holotype: 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7CFFFDB06CF85D3666F811" bold="true" box="[784,803,1948,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">a)</emphasis>
chelicera, dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7CFFFDB77BF85D3159F811" bold="true" box="[1031,1052,1948,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">b)</emphasis>
chelicera, ventral view; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7CFFFDB675F85D305EF811" bold="true" box="[1289,1307,1948,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">c)</emphasis>
pedipalp fingers, external view. 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7CFFFDB27EF878342EF86D" bold="true" box="[258,363,1977,1999]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figure 10.</emphasis>
Adult male paratopotype: 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7CFFFDB10DF87837C0F86C" bold="true" box="[625,645,1977,1999]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">a)</emphasis>
metasomal segment V and telson, dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7CFFFDB727F8783134F86C" bold="true" box="[1115,1137,1977,1999]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">b)</emphasis>
metasomal segment V and telson, ventral view; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7CFFFDB38BF814344CF848" bold="true" box="[247,265,2005,2027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">c)</emphasis>
distal segments of leg III, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF34D8FD2F7DFFFCB30DF8423011F84C" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" startId="11.[113,190,1923,1945]" targetBox="[172,1424,260,1892]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F7DFFFCB30DF8423011F84C" blockId="11.[113,1472,1923,2032]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7DFFFCB30DF8423440F83B" bold="true" box="[113,261,1923,1945]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Figures 11–12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F7DFFFCB270F84234EDF83A" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[268,424,1923,1945]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7DFFFCB270F84234EDF83A" box="[268,424,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7DFFFCB2D2F8453714F83B" bold="true" box="[430,593,1923,1945]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F7DFFFCB2D2F84534A0F83A" box="[430,485,1924,1945]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figure 11.
</emphasis>
Adult male paratopotype, whole right hemispermatophore with hemi-mating plug in place, consecutively rotated 45° around its longitudinal axis to complete a 180° spin, starting in posterior aspect (
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7DFFFCB707F86131C2F816" bold="true" box="[1147,1159,1952,1973]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">a</emphasis>
) and finishing in anterior aspect (
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7DFFFCB305F87C35C1F871" bold="true" box="[121,132,1981,2002]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">e</emphasis>
). 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7DFFFCB3E4F87C35BAF871" bold="true" box="[152,255,1981,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Figure 12.</emphasis>
Adult male paratopotype, hemi-mating plug of right hemispermatophore, detached: 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7DFFFCB75AF87C317FF870" bold="true" box="[1062,1082,1981,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">a)</emphasis>
exterior aspect; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7DFFFCB7A4F87C31A8F870" bold="true" box="[1240,1261,1981,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">b)</emphasis>
anterior (barb) aspect with barb and primary stem bent interiorly; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7DFFFCB16AF81B376DF853" bold="true" box="[534,552,2010,2032]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">c)</emphasis>
interior aspect with barb tilted towards observer; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7DFFFCB77BF81B3159F853" bold="true" box="[1031,1052,2010,2032]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">d)</emphasis>
posterior (primary base) aspect.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF34D8FD2F7AFFFBB30FF80D3075F842" box="[115,1328,1996,2018]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" startId="12.[115,183,1996,2018]" targetBox="[135,1449,278,1871]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F7AFFFBB30FF80D3075F842" blockId="12.[115,1328,1996,2018]" box="[115,1328,1996,2018]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7AFFFBB30FF80D359EF842" bold="true" box="[115,219,1996,2018]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Figure 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F7AFFFBB39DF80D3438F841" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[225,381,1996,2018]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7AFFFBB39DF80D3438F841" box="[225,381,1996,2018]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7AFFFBB2FFF80D34FCF842" bold="true" box="[387,441,1996,2017]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F7AFFFBB2FFF80D34FCF842" box="[387,441,1996,2017]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, adults photographed alive on white background: 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7AFFFBB0E6F80D36EBF841" bold="true" box="[922,942,1996,2018]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">a)</emphasis>
male holotype; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7AFFFBB735F80D311BF841" bold="true" box="[1097,1118,1996,2018]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">b)</emphasis>
female paratopotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF34D8FD2F7BFFFAB313F80137C4F850" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" startId="13.[111,179,1984,2006]" targetBox="[113,1474,236,1945]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F7BFFFAB313F80137C4F850" blockId="13.[111,1469,1984,2035]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7BFFFAB313F801359CF876" bold="true" box="[111,217,1984,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Figure 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F7BFFFAB39DF800343AF875" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[225,383,1985,2006]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7BFFFAB39DF800343AF875" box="[225,383,1985,2006]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7BFFFAB2FBF80034FAF875" bold="true" box="[391,447,1985,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F7BFFFAB2FBF80034FAF875" box="[391,447,1985,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, individuals photographed alive in captivity: 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7BFFFAB0FCF80136D1F875" bold="true" box="[896,916,1984,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">a)</emphasis>
mating pair of adult male and female paratopotypes; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7BFFFAB6D4F80130F8F875" bold="true" box="[1448,1469,1984,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">b)</emphasis>
female paratopotype, with first-instar litter; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F7BFFFAB16FF81C3763F850" bold="true" box="[531,550,2013,2035]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">c)</emphasis>
juvenile.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF34D8FD2F78FFF9B30FF87A317AF84E" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" startId="14.[115,183,1979,2001]" targetBox="[113,1472,240,1951]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F78FFF9B30FF87A317AF84E" blockId="14.[115,1425,1979,2030]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F78FFF9B30FF87A359EF873" bold="true" box="[115,219,1979,2001]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F78FFF9B39DF87A343BF872" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[225,382,1979,2001]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F78FFF9B39DF87A343BF872" box="[225,382,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F78FFF9B2F8F87A34FEF873" bold="true" box="[388,443,1979,2000]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F78FFF9B2F8F87A34FEF873" box="[388,443,1979,2000]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, habitat and microhabitat at the type locality. 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F78FFF9B00AF87A36E1F872" bold="true" box="[886,932,1979,2001]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">a–b)</emphasis>
overviews; 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F78FFF9B765F87A3169F872" bold="true" box="[1049,1068,1979,2001]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">c)</emphasis>
detail of shelter under a turned rock, with two adult males of the syntopic 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F78FFF9B2AAF81937B7F84E" authority="pococki" authorityName="pococki Soleglad &amp; Fet" authorityYear="2004" box="[470,754,2008,2029]" class="Arachnida" family="Chactidae" genus="Anuroctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pococki" subSpecies="pococki">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F78FFF9B2AAF81937B7F84E" box="[470,754,2008,2029]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Anuroctonus pococki pococki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Photos courtesy of Andrew Gray.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF34D8FD2F79FFF8B30DFC16358EFBE0" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" startId="15.[113,181,983,1005]" targetBox="[113,1471,241,963]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B30DFC16358EFBE0" blockId="15.[113,1472,983,1091]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B30DFC16359EFC4F" bold="true" box="[113,219,983,1005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Figure 16.</emphasis>
Geographical distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B286FC1637ECFC4F" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[506,681,983,1004]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andreas">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B286FC1637ECFC4F" box="[506,681,983,1004]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia andreas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(white symbols), 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B025FC1636B2FC4E" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[857,1015,983,1005]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B025FC1636B2FC4E" box="[857,1015,983,1005]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B082FC163173FC4F" bold="true" box="[1022,1078,983,1004]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F79FFF8B082FC163173FC4F" box="[1022,1078,983,1004]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(red symbol), 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B7B9FC163038FC4E" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[1221,1405,983,1005]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanea">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B7B9FC163038FC4E" box="[1221,1405,983,1005]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia castanea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(black symbols), 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B3ABFC3534C4FBAA" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[215,385,1012,1033]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B3ABFC3534C4FBAA" box="[215,385,1012,1033]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(yellow symbols) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B11CFC353663FBAA" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[608,806,1012,1033]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thompsoni">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B11CFC353663FBAA" box="[608,806,1012,1033]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia thompsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(grey symbols). Symbols with an inner dot indicate the type locality of each species except 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B231FBD034ACFB85" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[333,489,1041,1062]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B231FBD034ACFB85" box="[333,489,1041,1062]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B293FBD03760FB85" bold="true" box="[495,549,1041,1062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F79FFF8B293FBD03760FB85" box="[495,549,1041,1062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(known from a single collecting site). Small inset on left bottom shows image location in North America.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C351DBFE2F79FFF8B313FBA23176F7AD" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B313FBA2319BF998" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
REMARKS. In the description of the genus, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAF5842F79FFF8B15EFBA237B8FBD8" author="SOLEGLAD" box="[546,765,1123,1147]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref5984" refString="SOLEGLAD, M. E., R. F. AYREY, M. R. GRAHAM &amp; V. FET. 2017. Catalinia, a new scorpion genus from southern California, USA and northern Baja California, Mexico (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae). Euscorpius, 251: 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2017">Soleglad et al. (2017</bibRefCitation>
: apparently restricted to the same orographic system 27, 29) stated that the male telson vesicle lacks a “linear patch”, (
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B04BFB4230C0FB38" authority="Bryson, Graham &amp; Soleglad, 2018" authorityName="Bryson, Graham &amp; Soleglad" authorityYear="2018" box="[823,1413,1155,1179]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Kovarikia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="savaryi">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B04BFB4236BFFB38" box="[823,1018,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Kovarikia savaryi</emphasis>
Bryson, Graham &amp; Soleglad, 2018
</taxonomicName>
) was which presumably refers to the oval patch described herein for recently described and thoroughly discussed by Bryson et al. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B313FB023459FB78" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[111,284,1219,1243]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B313FB023459FB78" box="[111,284,1219,1243]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B25FFB02341AFB78" bold="true" box="[291,351,1219,1243]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F79FFF8B25FFB02341AFB78" box="[291,351,1219,1243]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
This patch is present in all adult males (2018). The only species of the genus that remains currently of the new species (
<figureCitation id="137094F02F79FFF8B23EFB2234DCFB59" box="[322,409,1251,1275]" captionStart="Figures 7–8" captionStartId="9.[116,193,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,281,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-41@9.[113,1474,255,1908]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figures 7–8. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (7) and adult female paratopotype (8), metasoma and telson: a) dorsal view; b) lateral view; c) ventral view." pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Figs. 7a</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137094F02F79FFF8B2D8FB223489FB58" box="[420,460,1251,1275]" captionStart="Figures 9–10" captionStartId="10.[115,192,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[117,1450,255,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-66@10.[113,1472,240,1877]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 9–10. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. Figure 9. Adult male holotype: a) chelicera, dorsal view; b) chelicera, ventral view; c) pedipalp fingers, external view. Figure 10. Adult male paratopotype: a) metasomal segment V and telson, dorsal view; b) metasomal segment V and telson, ventral view; c) distal segments of leg III, ventral view." pageId="15" pageNumber="14">10a</figureCitation>
) and in the single adult male characterized as having a wide geographical distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B3F1FAC2340AFAB8" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[141,335,1283,1307]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andreas">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B3F1FAC2340AFAB8" box="[141,335,1283,1307]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia andreas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined herein (RTO: Sco-0224 from is 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B02DFAC23159FAB8" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[849,1052,1283,1307]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andreas">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B02DFAC23159FAB8" box="[849,1052,1283,1307]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia andreas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Nevertheless, the specimen herein 
<collectingCountry id="F35CC8E52F79FFF8B313FAE235E2FA98" box="[111,167,1315,1339]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">USA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="498F46972F79FFF8B3C8FAE23466FA98" box="[180,291,1315,1339]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">California</collectingRegion>
, San Diego Co., Chariot Canyon, 
<quantity id="4CB325902F79FFF8B1E0FAE23644FA98" box="[668,769,1315,1339]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9201792" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="4.3">4.3 miles</quantity>
examined and the photographs presented in some literature south of Banner along Highway 78, 
<date id="FFF5AEB52F79FFF8B17FFA8237F1FAF8" box="[515,692,1347,1371]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" value="1997-08-30">30 August 1997</date>
, M. E. sources (e.g., 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAF5842F79FFF8B0BAFA82312AFAF8" author="WILLIAMS" box="[966,1135,1347,1371]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref6279" refString="WILLIAMS, S. C. 1980. Scorpions of Baja California, Mexico, and adjacent islands. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 135: 1 - 127 + six unnumbered initial pages." type="journal article" year="1980">Williams, 1980</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 77; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAF5842F79FFF8B7B3FA8230E8FAF8" author="SOLEGLAD" box="[1231,1453,1347,1371]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref5984" refString="SOLEGLAD, M. E., R. F. AYREY, M. R. GRAHAM &amp; V. FET. 2017. Catalinia, a new scorpion genus from southern California, USA and northern Baja California, Mexico (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae). Euscorpius, 251: 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2017">Soleglad et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
: Soleglad and K. Pinion leg.). Moreover, it is clearly visible in fig. 1) show interesting morphological differences amongst the adult male 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B268FA423492FA38" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[276,471,1411,1435]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andreas">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B268FA423492FA38" box="[276,471,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia andreas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
photographed by Williams specimens that may well correspond to different taxa and (1980: fig. 77) and seems also distinguishable (but smaller, the preliminary molecular study of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAF5842F79FFF8B7D1FA6230CDFA18" author="BRYSON" box="[1197,1416,1443,1467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="1850 - 1860" refId="ref5622" refString="BRYSON, R. W., W. E. SAVARY &amp; L. PRENDINI. 2013. Biogeography of scorpions in the Pseudouroctonus minimus complex (Vaejovidae) from south-western North America: implications of ecological specialization for pre-Quaternary diversification. Journal of Biogeography, 40 (10): 1850 - 1860." type="journal article" year="2013">Bryson et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
, also faint and irregular in shape) in the telson photograph 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B1E0FA023644FA78" authorityName="Soleglad, Ayrey, Graham &amp; Fet" authorityYear="2017" box="[668,769,1475,1499]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B1E0FA023644FA78" box="[668,769,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
found some geographically-correlated genetic structuring 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B313FA2535FAFA58" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[111,191,1508,1531]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B313FA2535FAFA58" box="[111,191,1508,1531]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presented by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAF5842F79FFF8B225FA22377AFA58" author="SOLEGLAD" box="[345,575,1507,1531]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref5984" refString="SOLEGLAD, M. E., R. F. AYREY, M. R. GRAHAM &amp; V. FET. 2017. Catalinia, a new scorpion genus from southern California, USA and northern Baja California, Mexico (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae). Euscorpius, 251: 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2017">Soleglad et al. (2017</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 9). Thus, the among the sampled populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B7CDFA223031FA58" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[1201,1396,1507,1531]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andreas">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B7CDFA223031FA58" box="[1201,1396,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia andreas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Thus, generic diagnosis of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B22CF9C234F0F9B8" authorityName="Soleglad, Ayrey, Graham &amp; Fet" authorityYear="2017" box="[336,437,1539,1563]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B22CF9C234F0F9B8" box="[336,437,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
must be emended accordingly this most likely represents a cryptic species complex and to “dorsal vesicular patch variable from absent to well-defined deserves a thorough taxonomic revision.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B313F982316CF92A" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
in adult males” until its alleged absence in the samples/species not studied by us can be confirmed. As discussed in Teruel et 
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B052F9AD316CF92A" bold="true" box="[814,1065,1644,1673]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Acknowledgments</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B313F94234E8F918" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">al. (2015), this patch is hypothesized to be a male telson gland with putative sexual function.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B052F9763644F978" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
We thank especially Graeme Lowe (Philadelphia, 
<collectingCountry id="F35CC8E52F79FFF8B625F97730D5F96D" box="[1369,1424,1718,1742]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">USA</collectingCountry>
) for Another character that we suggest can be included in
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B052F9173645F958" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">the careful review of the manuscript, for sharing with us a the generic diagnosis is the presence of laterobasal aculear</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B052F9373644F8B8" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
crucial complement of excellent high-quality images and data serrations (LAS) on the telson. We observed these in 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B1E0F8C23644F8B8" authorityName="Soleglad, Ayrey, Graham &amp; Fet" authorityYear="2017" box="[668,769,1795,1819]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B1E0F8C23644F8B8" box="[668,769,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B052F8D73645F898" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
of his complete vaejovid collection, and for his opportune 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B313F8E535F4F898" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[111,177,1828,1851]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B313F8E535F4F898" box="[111,177,1828,1851]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B3CAF8E235B4F898" bold="true" box="[182,241,1827,1851]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F79FFF8B3CAF8E235B4F898" box="[182,241,1827,1851]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137094F02F79FFF8B27CF8E234C5F898" box="[256,384,1827,1851]" captionStart="Figures 7–8" captionStartId="9.[116,193,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,281,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-41@9.[113,1474,255,1908]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figures 7–8. Catalinia ayreyi sp. n., adult male holotype (7) and adult female paratopotype (8), metasoma and telson: a) dorsal view; b) lateral view; c) ventral view." pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Figs. 7b, 8b</figureCitation>
), and they were previously recorded
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B052F8F73645F8F9" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
help with hemispermatophore description. Andrew Gray for 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B3EAF882341DF8F8" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[150,344,1859,1883]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andreas">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B3EAF882341DF8F8" box="[150,344,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia andreas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B21AF88234B3F8F8" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[358,502,1859,1883]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thompsoni">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B21AF88234B3F8F8" box="[358,502,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">C. thompsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B14FF88237F6F8F8" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch &amp; Soleglad" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[563,691,1859,1883]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanea">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B14FF88237F6F8F8" box="[563,691,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">C. castanea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fet et
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B052F8973645F8D8" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">and Marcus Bullock helped with previous attempts to locate al., 2006: 7, tab. 1). However, no published record exists for</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B052F8B73645F838" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
specimens of the new species described herein. Moreover, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B313F8423468F838" baseAuthorityName="Kraepelin" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[111,301,1923,1947]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B313F8423468F838" box="[111,301,1923,1947]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and we could not examine any specimens
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B052F85735F7F818" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">the first author’s wife Sheyla Yong accomplished the critical either.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B052F8773644F878" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
review of the first draft of the text. And last, two 
<taxonomicName id="4C4BF3F62F79FFF8B3F6F8023405F878" authority="Teruel &amp; Myers, 2019" authorityName="Teruel &amp; Myers" authorityYear="2019" box="[138,320,1987,2011]" class="Arachnida" family="Vaejovidae" genus="Catalinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayreyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B3F6F8023405F878" box="[138,320,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Catalinia ayreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93F54672F79FFF8B233F80234D6F878" bold="true" box="[335,403,1987,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CE91C2F79FFF8B233F80234D6F878" box="[335,403,1987,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is most likely endemic to the
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B052F8163645F858" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
anonymous peer-reviewers made valuable comments to Santa Ana Mountains (
<figureCitation id="137094F02F79FFF8B209F822348EF858" box="[373,459,2019,2043]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="15.[113,181,983,1005]" captionTargetBox="[113,1471,241,963]" captionTargetId="figure-502@15.[113,1471,239,963]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 16. Geographical distribution of Catalinia andreas (white symbols), Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. (red symbol), Catalinia castanea (black symbols), Catalinia minima (yellow symbols) and Catalinia thompsoni (grey symbols). Symbols with an inner dot indicate the type locality of each species except Catalinia ayreyi sp. n. (known from a single collecting site). Small inset on left bottom shows image location in North America." pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Another “micro-vaejovid”
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF488752F79FFF8B052F8373176F7AD" blockId="15.[111,1473,1123,2062]" box="[814,1075,2038,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">improve the manuscript.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>