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<document id="3736E2957843E93565ADBDC4DE8A53F3" ID-CLB-Dataset="26219" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4635.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="de5c3cc9-9773-4e79-aaaf-0e964d7262f8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3335102" ID-ZooBank="E1AC3BD4-6FCB-49F9-8069-624760C2CAF7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1563173856474" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Abdalla, Ishtiag H., Mansell, Mervyn W. &amp; Sole, Catherine L." docDate="2019" docId="03DBDF51A77EFF97FF0DFCED30FE5898" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4635.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4635 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Afroptera exigua Abdalla &amp; Mansell &amp; Sole 2019, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="FFE2A729A759FFB0FF9AFF8534795F47" masterDocTitle="Revision of the southern African genera Nemopterella Banks and Nemia Navás (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae), with descriptions of new genera and species" masterLastPageNumber="89" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698741232922" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="1E7E20F4B795669CDF6F3221260233E5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="6297AA584CE6D7F0F01C8E509AB94894">Revision of the southern African genera Nemopterella Banks and Nemia Navás (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae), with descriptions of new genera and species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6B5BD912C065B72992C526DE3F7D33A5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0437142462EC9080BFAA3B8F420F705C">Abdalla, Ishtiag H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="C277DF24338403E654A2D0DDDC979882" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="AF486DA1519D05ADF4A0C788011A5C16">Mansell, Mervyn W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="845567AC5D5F7834F3C1122DCB17B2FD" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8E3264715A629B1586698657AE254D6B">Sole, Catherine L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8F00F344A20D700B53D38BA6634A1135">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D052091428C6D215F1D43A45797C2179">
<mods:date id="F0A803C71F786A8773B10934BDC8C781">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="85AEDE2CCBC39142D10B5A1E9DFE6940">2019-07-12</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="A39EC0E036C53A49B79614C7E67B3B49" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E5F4B93CD79BB0861F3ABFE65D907D66">4635</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="838FBFEE50E8A3673A9233D7EB9D7F0C">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="E39E2858160986CACD3A8BCAA2EEDF8D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2C1F3A49BA622FA8A6AA75D2BA9C3E0C" type="CLB-Dataset">26219</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8EFA92573D47455ADB4B72D385D53DBD" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4635.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DBDF51A77EFF97FF0DFCED30FE5898" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7853333" ID-GBIF-Taxon="158628689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7853333" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DBDF51A77EFF97FF0DFCED30FE5898" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DBDF51A77EFF97FF0DFCED30FE5898" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA77EFF97FF0DFCED36D05CC4" box="[151,681,872,899]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF0DFCED36D05CC4" blockId="39.[151,681,872,935]" box="[151,681,872,899]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<heading id="D085D92BA77EFF97FF0DFCED36D05CC4" bold="true" box="[151,681,872,899]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF0DFCED36D05CC4" bold="true" box="[151,681,872,899]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A77EFF97FF0DFCED36625CC5" authority="(Tjeder, 1967)" authorityName="Abdalla &amp; Mansell &amp; Sole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Tjeder" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[151,539,872,899]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exigua" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF0DFCED351C5CC4" bold="true" box="[151,357,872,899]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Afroptera exigua</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE313B6A77EFF97FEEEFCED366A5CC5" author="Tjeder, B." box="[372,531,872,898]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="290 - 501" refId="ref49281" refString="Tjeder, B. (1967) Neuroptera-Planipennia. The Lace-wings of Southern Africa. 6. Family Nemopteridae. In: Hanstrom, B., Brinck, P. &amp; Rudebec, G. (Eds.), South African Animal Life. Vol. 13. Swedish Natural Science Research Council, Stockholm, pp. 290 - 501." type="book chapter" year="1967">Tjeder, 1967</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2350F2EA77EFF97FDB9FCEC36D05CC4" box="[547,681,873,899]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA77EFF97FF04FC0935695CA8" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF04FC09359D5CE0" blockId="39.[151,681,872,935]" box="[158,484,908,935]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
(
<figureCitation id="134972C2A77EFF97FF3CFC0934845CE0" box="[166,253,908,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 67–78" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1941,1966]" captionTargetBox="[227,1356,647,1870]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[227,1361,621,1886]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 67–78. Antennae of Afroptera spp. 67, A. segregata (Tjeder); 68, A. peringueyi (Tjeder); 69, A. parva (Tjeder); 70, A. nigrosetosa (Tjeder); 71, A. pilosa (Tjeder); 72, A. sabuleti (Tjeder); 73, A. longicorins (Tjeder); 74, A. munroi (Tjeder); 75, A. exigua (Tjeder); 76, A. remifera (Westwood); 77, A. dyscrita (Tjeder); 78, A. leptocera, (Navás)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335144/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 75</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134972C2A77EFF97FE93FC08354C5CE0" box="[265,309,909,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 96–101" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1916,1941]" captionTargetBox="[227,1358,587,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[227,1361,587,1859]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 96–101. Afroptera spp. Thorax. 96, A. segregata (Tjeder); 97, A. remifera (Tjeder) 98, A. pilosa (Tjeder); 99, A. peringueyi (Tjeder); 100, A. parva (Tjeder); 101, A. exigua (Tjeder)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335152/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">101</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134972C2A77EFF97FEDBFC0835145CE0" box="[321,365,909,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 129–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1941,1966]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,188,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@62.[227,1361,188,1905]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 129–130. Holotypes of Afroptera spp and their associated labels. 129, A. dyscrita (Tjeder) ♂; 130, A. exigua (Tjeder) ♂. Photos: Simon van Noort (SAMC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335168/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">130</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134972C2A77EFF97FEE3FC0835DC5CE0" box="[377,421,909,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 133–140" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1943,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,248,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[227,1361,248,1847]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 133–140. Afroptera spp. Male holotypes: forewings. 133, A. dyscrita (Tjeder); 134, A. exigua (Tjeder); 135, A. lanata (Tjeder); 136, A. obtusa (Tjeder); 137, A. papio (Tjeder); 138, A. segregata (Tjeder); 139, A. peringueyi (Tjeder); 140, A. pilosa (Tjeder)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335172/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">134</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134972C2A77EFF97FE2BFC0935A55CE0" box="[433,476,908,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 155–156" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1912,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1284,179,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1285,179,1799]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 155–156. Distribution maps of Afroptera spp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335182/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">155</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF0DFC5035695CA8" blockId="39.[151,597,981,1043]" box="[151,272,981,1007]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Synonymy</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA77EFF97FF0DFC7D362C5B54" box="[151,597,1016,1043]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF0DFC7D362C5B54" blockId="39.[151,597,981,1043]" box="[151,597,1016,1043]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB624969A77EFF97FF0DFC7D362C5B54" box="[151,597,1016,1043]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A77EFF97FF0DFC7D36295B54" ID-CoL="468VM" authority="Tjeder, 1967: 493" authorityName="Tjeder" authorityPageNumber="493" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,592,1016,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Nemopterella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exigua">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF0DFC7D35F85B55" box="[151,385,1016,1042]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Nemopterella exigua</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AD34856A77EFF97FE1DFC7D36295B54" author="Tjeder, B." box="[391,592,1016,1043]" page="493" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE313B6A77EFF97FE1DFC7D36295B54" author="Tjeder, B." box="[391,592,1016,1043]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="290 - 501" refId="ref49281" refString="Tjeder, B. (1967) Neuroptera-Planipennia. The Lace-wings of Southern Africa. 6. Family Nemopteridae. In: Hanstrom, B., Brinck, P. &amp; Rudebec, G. (Eds.), South African Animal Life. Vol. 13. Swedish Natural Science Research Council, Stockholm, pp. 290 - 501." type="book chapter" year="1967">Tjeder, 1967: 493</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA77EFF97FF0DFBC430245B1D" box="[151,1117,1088,1115]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF0DFBC430245B1D" blockId="39.[151,1437,1088,2015]" box="[151,1117,1088,1115]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF0DFBC435675B1C" bold="true" box="[151,286,1089,1115]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Etymology.</emphasis>
Unknown, probably from the Latin word
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A77EFF97FD6FFBC437395B1D" authorityName="Tjeder" authorityYear="1967" box="[757,832,1089,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Nemopterella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exigua">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FD6FFBC437395B1D" box="[757,832,1089,1114]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">exigua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(small) for its small size.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA77EFF97FF0DFBE035935BE4" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF0DFBE0309E5B38" blockId="39.[151,1437,1088,2015]" box="[151,1255,1124,1151]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA77EFF97FF0DFBE0309A5B38" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830085" box="[151,1251,1124,1151]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.330833" location="Klaarstroom" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="22.534721" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF0DFBE035405B38" bold="true" box="[151,313,1124,1151]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A77EFF97FF0DFBE034AB5B38" box="[151,210,1125,1151]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3652ED7A77EFF97FEDAFBE036745B38" box="[320,525,1125,1151]" name="South Africa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A77EFF97FD82FBE037675B39" box="[536,798,1125,1151]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FD82FBE037675B39" box="[536,798,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Western Cape Province</emphasis>
</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="8EAD389CA77EFF97FCB6FBE137C25B39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DBDF51A77EFF97FF0DFCED30FE5898:8EAD389CA77EFF97FCB6FBE137C25B39" box="[812,955,1124,1150]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.330833" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="22.534721" name="Klaarstroom" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Western Cape">Klaarstroom</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A77EFF97FC5CFBE130375B38" box="[966,1102,1124,1151]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="15" seconds="51" value="-33.330833">33°19’51’’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A77EFF97FBCCFBE1309A5B38" box="[1110,1251,1124,1151]" degrees="22" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="15" seconds="05" value="22.534721">22°32’05’’E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF5DFB0C35935BE4" blockId="39.[151,1437,1088,2015]" box="[199,490,1160,1187]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA77EFF97FF5DFB0C359F5BE4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830171" box="[199,486,1160,1187]" collectionCode="SAMC" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF5DFB0C35F55BE4" bold="true" box="[199,396,1160,1187]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A77EFF97FF5DFB0C357B5BE4" box="[199,258,1161,1187]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
depository.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED63F682A77EFF97FE09FB0C359F5BE4" box="[403,486,1161,1187]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA77EFF97FF5DFB2935125A84" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF5DFB29352C5A3C" blockId="39.[151,1437,1088,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF5DFB29353B5B80" bold="true" box="[199,322,1196,1223]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A77EFF97FED2FB28367F5B81" authorityName="Abdalla &amp; Mansell &amp; Sole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Tjeder" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[328,518,1197,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exigua">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FED2FB28367F5B81" box="[328,518,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Afroptera exigua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar in appearance to
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A77EFF97FCEBFB2837A85B81" authorityName="Abdalla &amp; Mansell &amp; Sole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Tjeder" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[881,977,1197,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FCEBFB2837A85B81" box="[881,977,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A77EFF97FB92FB2830FD5B81" authority="Abdalla &amp; Mansell &amp; Sole, 2019" authorityName="Abdalla &amp; Mansell &amp; Sole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1032,1156,1196,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koranna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FB92FB2830FD5B81" box="[1032,1156,1196,1223]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A. koranna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2350F2EA77EFF97FB11FB28309D5B80" box="[1163,1252,1197,1223]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FB11FB28309D5B80" bold="true" box="[1163,1252,1197,1223]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, due to its small size, rounded apex of the forewings (
<figureCitation id="134972C2A77EFF97FDD8FB5536DC5BAC" box="[578,677,1232,1259]" captionStart="FIGURES 133–140" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1943,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,248,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[227,1361,248,1847]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 133–140. Afroptera spp. Male holotypes: forewings. 133, A. dyscrita (Tjeder); 134, A. exigua (Tjeder); 135, A. lanata (Tjeder); 136, A. obtusa (Tjeder); 137, A. papio (Tjeder); 138, A. segregata (Tjeder); 139, A. peringueyi (Tjeder); 140, A. pilosa (Tjeder)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335172/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 134</figureCitation>
), short antennae and black hairs on prescutum. It can however, be easily distinguished from the former species by the unstriped pronotum (
<figureCitation id="134972C2A77EFF97FC49FB71304F5A48" box="[979,1078,1268,1295]" captionStart="FIGURES 96–101" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1916,1941]" captionTargetBox="[227,1358,587,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[227,1361,587,1859]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 96–101. Afroptera spp. Thorax. 96, A. segregata (Tjeder); 97, A. remifera (Tjeder) 98, A. pilosa (Tjeder); 99, A. peringueyi (Tjeder); 100, A. parva (Tjeder); 101, A. exigua (Tjeder)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335152/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
), short apical antennal segment (
<figureCitation id="134972C2A77EFF97FF3AFA9D34895A74" box="[160,240,1304,1331]" captionStart="FIGURES 67–78" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1941,1966]" captionTargetBox="[227,1356,647,1870]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[227,1361,621,1886]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 67–78. Antennae of Afroptera spp. 67, A. segregata (Tjeder); 68, A. peringueyi (Tjeder); 69, A. parva (Tjeder); 70, A. nigrosetosa (Tjeder); 71, A. pilosa (Tjeder); 72, A. sabuleti (Tjeder); 73, A. longicorins (Tjeder); 74, A. munroi (Tjeder); 75, A. exigua (Tjeder); 76, A. remifera (Westwood); 77, A. dyscrita (Tjeder); 78, A. leptocera, (Navás)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335144/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
) and darkened tips of femurs, and from the latter by having a different shape to the apical antennal segment and by the white pubescence on the mesoscutum and mesoscutellum instead of the black hairs that are present in
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A77EFF97FA1EFAB8348D5A3D" authority="Abdalla &amp; Mansell &amp; Sole, 2019" authorityName="Abdalla &amp; Mansell &amp; Sole" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koranna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FA1EFAB8348D5A3D" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A. koranna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2350F2EA77EFF97FF66FAE4352C5A3C" box="[252,341,1377,1403]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF66FAE4352C5A3C" bold="true" box="[252,341,1377,1403]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF5DFA0035125A84" blockId="39.[151,1437,1088,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF5DFA00348D5AD8" box="[199,244,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Size</emphasis>
(mm). Male: body length 7.7 (7–8.3); forewing 20 (17.5–22.5); hind wing 39.8 (35–44.6); antenna 13.5 (11–15.9). (N = 2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA77EFF97FF5DFA48314C59DC" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF5DFA4830735968" blockId="39.[151,1437,1088,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF5DFA4835945AA0" bold="true" box="[199,493,1484,1511]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type material examined</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA77EFF97FE64FA4831F2594C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830174" collectingDate="1952-10" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.333332" location="Prince Albert District" longLatPrecision="1205" longitude="22.533333" municipality="Klaarstroom" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3652ED7A77EFF97FE64FA4836B45AA0" box="[510,717,1485,1511]" name="South Africa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A77EFF97FD40FA48379F5AA1" box="[730,998,1485,1511]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FD40FA48379F5AA1" box="[730,998,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Western Cape Province</emphasis>
</collectingRegion>
.
<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A77EFF97FC6CFA4930275AA1" box="[1014,1118,1484,1510]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D74A5CEA77EFF97FBF2FA4830045AA0" box="[1128,1149,1485,1511]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(
<figureCitation id="134972C2A77EFF97FB15FA49308A5AA0" box="[1167,1267,1484,1511]" captionStart="FIGURES 129–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1941,1966]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,188,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@62.[227,1361,188,1905]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 129–130. Holotypes of Afroptera spp and their associated labels. 129, A. dyscrita (Tjeder) ♂; 130, A. exigua (Tjeder) ♂. Photos: Simon van Noort (SAMC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335168/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 130</figureCitation>
), SAM–NEU– A001251 /
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA9F43DA77EFF97FE81FA7535D3594D" box="[283,426,1520,1546]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Klaarstroom</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EAD389CA77EFF97FE22FA7536C9594D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DBDF51A77EFF97FF0DFCED30FE5898:8EAD389CA77EFF97FE22FA7536C9594D" box="[440,688,1520,1546]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.333332" longLatPrecision="1205" longitude="22.533333" municipality="Klaarstroom" name="Prince Albert District" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Western Cape">Prince Albert District</location>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A77EFF97FD5FFA74375A594C" box="[709,803,1521,1547]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="925" value="-33.333332">33°20’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A77EFF97FCB7FA7537F6594C" box="[813,911,1520,1547]" degrees="22" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="925" value="22.533333">22°32’E</geoCoordinate>
], Mus Expd,
<collectingDate id="EF88B16FA77EFF97FBB6FA7430EE594C" box="[1068,1175,1520,1547]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1952-10">
<date id="FFCC4887A77EFF97FBB6FA7430EE594C" box="[1068,1175,1520,1547]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1952-10">Oct 1952</date>
</collectingDate>
(white printed label)
</materialsCitation>
/
<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA77EFF97FF0DF991307F5968" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830093" box="[151,1030,1556,1583]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A77EFF97FF0DF99135755969" box="[151,268,1556,1582]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">Holotypus</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A77EFF97FE89F99136F35969" authority="Tjeder 1966" authorityName="Tjeder" authorityYear="1966" box="[275,650,1556,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Nemopterella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exigua">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FE89F99135855969" box="[275,508,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Nemopterella exigua</emphasis>
Tjeder 1966
</taxonomicName>
(red handwritten label). (
<collectionCode id="ED63F682A77EFF97FC32F99037875968" box="[936,1022,1557,1583]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF5DF9BD314C59DC" blockId="39.[151,1437,1088,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF5DF9BD36795914" bold="true" box="[199,512,1592,1619]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Other material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA77EFF97FD90F9BC30B35914" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830189" box="[522,1226,1592,1619]" collectionCode="NEUR" country="South Africa" location="Western Cape Province" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCode="NEUR12588" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingCountry id="F3652ED7A77EFF97FD90F9BC36A05914" box="[522,729,1593,1619]" name="South Africa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A77EFF97FD7CF9BC37885915" box="[742,1009,1593,1619]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FD7CF9BC37885915" box="[742,1009,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Western Cape Province</emphasis>
</collectingRegion>
.
<specimenCount id="9D74A5CEA77EFF97FB9BF9BC305F5914" box="[1025,1062,1593,1619]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="DBD4C63CA77EFF97FBAFF9BD30B35914" box="[1077,1226,1592,1619]" collectionCode="NEUR" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">NEUR12588</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA77EFF97FB4DF9BD30345931" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830112" collectingDate="2009-10-18" collectorName="A. P. Marais" country="South Africa" elevation="708" latitude="-33.05361" location="Laingsburg District" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="21.270555" municipality="Middeldrif Farm" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape Province">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA9F43DA77EFF97FB4DF9BD31E15914" box="[1239,1432,1592,1619]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Middeldrif Farm</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EAD389CA77EFF97FF0DF9D9350D5931" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DBDF51A77EFF97FF0DFCED30FE5898:8EAD389CA77EFF97FF0DF9D9350D5931" box="[151,372,1628,1654]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.05361" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="21.270555" municipality="Middeldrif Farm" name="Laingsburg District" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Western Cape Province">Laingsburg District</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A77EFF97FEE5F9D836715930" box="[383,520,1629,1655]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-33.05361">33°03’13’’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A77EFF97FD95F9D936E25931" box="[527,667,1628,1654]" degrees="21" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="15" seconds="14" value="21.270555">21°16’14’’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="005F8974A77EFF97FD3DF9D836905930" box="[679,745,1629,1655]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.08" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="708.0">
<quantity id="4C8AC3A2A77EFF97FD3DF9D836905930" box="[679,745,1629,1655]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.08" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="708.0">708m</quantity>
</elevation>
, at light,
<collectingDate id="EF88B16FA77EFF97FCCBF9D837BA5930" box="[849,963,1629,1655]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2009-10-18">
<date id="FFCC4887A77EFF97FCCBF9D837BA5930" box="[849,963,1629,1655]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2009-10-18">18.x.2009</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="26870B91A77EFF97FC57F9D930345931" box="[973,1101,1628,1654]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A.P.Marais</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA77EFF97FBC2F9D831675930" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830232" box="[1112,1310,1628,1655]" collectionCode="NEUR" country="South Africa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCode="NEUR12589" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Cape Province">
<specimenCount id="9D74A5CEA77EFF97FBC2F9D830025930" box="[1112,1147,1629,1655]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="DBD4C63CA77EFF97FB13F9D931675930" box="[1161,1310,1628,1655]" collectionCode="NEUR" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">NEUR12589</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA77EFF97FAB3F9D9314859DC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830109" collectingDate="2008-10-11" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="J. B. Ball &amp; A. P. Marais" country="South Africa" elevation="550" latitude="-33.023335" location="Laingsburg Dist." longLatPrecision="20" longitude="21.611944" municipality="Farm" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape Province">
Wamaker- skraal
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA9F43DA77EFF97FF7BF904356659DC" box="[225,287,1665,1691]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Farm</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EAD389CA77EFF97FEB0F905359059DD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DBDF51A77EFF97FF0DFCED30FE5898:8EAD389CA77EFF97FEB0F905359059DD" box="[298,489,1664,1690]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.023335" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="21.611944" municipality="Farm" name="Laingsburg Dist." pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Western Cape Province">Laingsburg Dist.</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A77EFF97FE6EF904360459DC" box="[500,637,1665,1691]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-33.023335">33°01’24’’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A77EFF97FD1EF905376959DD" box="[644,784,1664,1690]" degrees="21" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="15" seconds="43" value="21.611944">21°36’43’’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="005F8974A77EFF97FC86F905372759DC" box="[796,862,1664,1691]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="550.0">
<quantity id="4C8AC3A2A77EFF97FC86F905372759DC" box="[796,862,1664,1691]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="550.0">550m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF88B16FA77EFF97FCF3F90437A259DC" box="[873,987,1665,1691]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2008-10-11">
<date id="FFCC4887A77EFF97FCF3F90437A259DC" box="[873,987,1665,1691]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2008-10-11">11.x.2008</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="26870B91A77EFF97FC7CF905303A59DD" box="[998,1091,1664,1690]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">J.B.Ball</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26870B91A77EFF97FBD7F90530B059DD" box="[1101,1225,1664,1690]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A.P.Marais</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED63F682A77EFF97FB43F904315359DC" box="[1241,1322,1665,1691]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA77EFF97FF5DF92130FE5898" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A77EFF97FF5DF92130FE5898" blockId="39.[151,1437,1088,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FF5DF921358859F8" bold="true" box="[199,497,1700,1727]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A77EFF97FE62F92036CF59F9" authorityName="Abdalla &amp; Mansell &amp; Sole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Tjeder" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[504,694,1701,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exigua">
<emphasis id="B906B255A77EFF97FE62F92036CF59F9" box="[504,694,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Afroptera exigua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a limited distribution restricted to the
<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A77EFF97FB15F92031E159F9" box="[1167,1432,1700,1727]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3652ED7A77EFF97FF0DF94D355E59A5" box="[151,295,1736,1762]" name="South Africa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="134972C2A77EFF97FEADF94D35E259A4" box="[311,411,1736,1763]" captionStart="FIGURES 155–156" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1912,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1284,179,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1285,179,1799]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 155–156. Distribution maps of Afroptera spp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335182/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 155</figureCitation>
). The collection localities fall within the Rainshadow Valley and Lower Karoo Bioregions in the Succulent and Nama Karoo Biomes respectively (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE313B6A77EFF97FCB8F969301D5840" author="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C." box="[802,1124,1772,1799]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 808" refId="ref48773" refString="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C. (2006) The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. In: Strelitzia. Vol. 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 1 - 808." type="book chapter" year="2006">Mucina &amp; Rutherford 2006</bibRefCitation>
). The habitat in the former bioregion is mostly flat to undulating land with Heuweltjies (small hills) formations and series of hills, dominated mostly by succulent shrubs, herbs and low shrubs. The area is characterised by low MAP (
<quantity id="4C8AC3A2A77EFF97FB2AF8B131685808" box="[1200,1297,1844,1871]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="165.0">165 mm</quantity>
) because of the rainshadow of the Swartberg Mountains. While in the latter bioregion the species seems to be associated with dry habitats of undulating lands of mud and sandstone soils, mostly dominated by a Gamka Karoo vegetation
<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A77EFF97FAF6F8F831E558D0" box="[1388,1436,1917,1943]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
where the main components are dwarf spiny shrubs, Karoo shrubs and sparse low trees. The area receives autumn and summer rains with an average of
<quantity id="4C8AC3A2A77EFF97FDA6F84136A85898" box="[572,721,1988,2015]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="175.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="100.0">100–250 mm</quantity>
per year (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE313B6A77EFF97FCDBF84130025898" author="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C." box="[833,1147,1988,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 808" refId="ref48773" refString="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C. (2006) The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. In: Strelitzia. Vol. 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 1 - 808." type="book chapter" year="2006">Mucina &amp; Rutherford 2006</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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