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<document id="87265EF81B72254F286E2A3FAF8B37DC" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.198119" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bfaca3e5-3913-422d-8a23-5ee74e69cadd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="198119" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460287410276" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Viloria, Angel L., Pyrcz, Tomasz W. &amp; Orellana, Andrés" docDate="2010" docId="03CC4D11FFCDD177FF005FDC06A7FB96" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02622p041.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2622" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Corades medeba subsp. pittieri Pyrcz &amp; Viloria, n. ssp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFF53569FFCBD170FF975C760260FFEA" masterDocTitle="A survey of the Neotropical montane butterflies of the subtribe Pronophilina (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) in the Venezuelan Cordillera de la Costa" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698250811950" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="FA1A7FE72391E1968E8239AABFF0DFEA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="1DA1F3938426EBD0EED891CE142DFE7A">A survey of the Neotropical montane butterflies of the subtribe Pronophilina (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) in the Venezuelan Cordillera de la Costa</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3E3BFF3734AAED19E83C2CDC35B175A8" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="532DF272151D50BF29241AE4FF91C316">Viloria, Angel L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8C3D4826130FDC83AAA4F8DC32A3B318" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E9AA82FF7A43B15CF598ED8D585C4AEA">Pyrcz, Tomasz W.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="219EA7B728B0D7E7A4D1673126384BBA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="11341BB31E52A3A50086925C9E611805">
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<mods:namePart id="574EE90B67DC72EB7A2A1FE0F575A0EA">Orellana, Andrés</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B5EE3CCB6AE411C66038857C7F9E9F41">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="392111286C5F466BE10EAC514B01A95C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4B70FBC0107BBEAD5DD031C0D42BE18E">
<mods:date id="12F9DD9F58AAAB6EDD486EC9E18C9691">2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="4D687FCA1889C439419D3306634CF3D8" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9A62CDFFB862833A7BACF22486E7449B">2622</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="F0D8269B23817AB5EAA056E3BA5EFAD8">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E14E26AA285834594F5B2B608688A5D3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.198119</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CBF764072451858DD6DA4087A9717785" type="GBIF-Dataset">bfaca3e5-3913-422d-8a23-5ee74e69cadd</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BFEF1E442C7507964154D730F8491132" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4E3135C2EE4C44DBCAB088C79078B0D9" type="Zenodo-Dep">198119</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03CC4D11FFCDD177FF005FDC06A7FB96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6207219" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119397920" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6207219" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC4D11FFCDD177FF005FDC06A7FB96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC4D11FFCDD177FF005FDC06A7FB96" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="C37FAF8CFFCDD176FF005FDC0300FC0D" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDAFC07FFCDD176FF005FDC00B6FC2E" blockId="6.[151,726,938,999]" box="[151,726,938,964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0924B6BFFCDD176FF005FDC00B6FC2E" bold="true" box="[151,726,938,964]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FF005FDC00B6FC2E" bold="true" box="[151,726,938,964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCDD176FF005FDC00E2FC2E" authority="Pyrcz &amp; Viloria" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Viloria" box="[151,642,938,964]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="medeba" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="pittieri">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FF005FDC03D6FC2E" bold="true" box="[151,438,938,964]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corades medeba pittieri</emphasis>
Pyrcz &amp; Viloria
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2229D6EFFCDD176FD1E5FDC00B6FC2E" box="[649,726,938,964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="subSpecies">n. ssp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAFC07FFCDD176FF005FBB0300FC0D" blockId="6.[151,726,938,999]" box="[151,352,973,999]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
(
<figureCitation id="135EE082FFCDD176FF085FBB034EFC0D" box="[159,302,973,999]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 44" captionStartId="36.[151,269,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[266,1327,181,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[240,1358,172,1848]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 44. Adult satyrine butterflies from the Cordillera de La Costa, Venezuela (left: dorsal, right: ventral); 37. Corades enyo enyo Hewitson (male, Los Colonos); 38. C. enyo enyo Hewitson (Los Colonos); 39. Corades medeba pittieri Pyrcz &amp; Viloria n. ssp., HOLOTYPE (male, vía Naranjal); 40. C. medeba pittieri Pyrcz &amp; Viloria n. ssp., PARATYPE (female, vía Naranjal); 41. Corades pannonia pannonia Hewitson (male, vía Naranjal); 42. C. pannonia pannonia Hewitson (female, Colonia Tovar); 43. Manerebia mycalesoides (C. &amp; R. Felder) (male, Sector El Tigre); 44. M. mycalesoides (C. &amp; R. Felder) (female, Sector El Tigre)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198124/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 39, 40</figureCitation>
, 57)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37FAF8CFFCDD176FF00586E06F9FBC5" box="[151,1177,1048,1071]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDAFC07FFCDD176FF00586E06F9FBC5" blockId="6.[151,1177,1048,1071]" box="[151,1177,1048,1071]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB75DB29FFCDD176FF00586E06F9FBC5" box="[151,1177,1048,1071]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCDD176FF00586E0052FBC5" ID-CoL="Y9D6" authority="Hewitson, 1850: 439" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityPageNumber="439" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,562,1048,1071]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medeba">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FF00586E032BFBC5" box="[151,331,1048,1071]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corades medeba</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC4DA16FFCDD176FEC6586E0052FBC5" author="Hewitson" box="[337,562,1048,1071]" page="439" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1850">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF481F6FFCDD176FEC6586E039EFBC5" author="Hewitson" box="[337,510,1048,1071]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Hewitson, W. C. (1850) Descriptions of some new species of butterflies. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (2) 6, 434 - 440." type="journal article" year="1850">Hewitson, 1850</bibRefCitation>
: 439
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 10, fig. 4.
<typeStatus id="54DE42A5FFCDD176FD5A586E014FFBC5" box="[717,815,1048,1071]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCDD176FCAA586E01F4FBC5" box="[829,916,1048,1071]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
), in BMNH [examined].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37FAF8CFFCDD176FF00582B0145FAE6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDAFC07FFCDD176FF00582B0145FAE6" blockId="6.[151,1437,1117,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FF00582B037DFB9D" bold="true" box="[151,285,1117,1143]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
More than 300 individuals of
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCDD176FD02582B0177FB9C" box="[661,791,1117,1142]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medeba">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FD02582B0177FB9C" box="[661,791,1117,1142]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. medeba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the entire range of the species were examined, demonstrating that this subspecies is recognized from the individuals of other subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCDD176FB5D58F50726FB76" box="[1226,1350,1155,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medeba">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FB5D58F50726FB76" box="[1226,1350,1155,1180]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. medeba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
first of all by the almost uniform silver beige HWV in the male and light beige in the female. FWV median orange dots of
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FF6658BB0322FB0C" box="[241,322,1229,1254]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pittieri</emphasis>
are considerably smaller than in the nominate subspecies and most populations of
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FA8858BB07FBFB0C" box="[1311,1435,1229,1254]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">columbina</emphasis>
Staudinger, except for the specimens occurring the CM.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37FAF8CFFCDD177FF525961060CFCED" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDAFC07FFCDD176FF52596103CEF8FD" blockId="6.[151,1437,1117,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FF5259610302FADB" bold="true" box="[197,354,1303,1329]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description:</emphasis>
MALE (
<figureCitation id="135EE082FFCDD176FE58596E004AFAD8" box="[463,554,1304,1330]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 44" captionStartId="36.[151,269,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[266,1327,181,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[240,1358,172,1848]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 44. Adult satyrine butterflies from the Cordillera de La Costa, Venezuela (left: dorsal, right: ventral); 37. Corades enyo enyo Hewitson (male, Los Colonos); 38. C. enyo enyo Hewitson (Los Colonos); 39. Corades medeba pittieri Pyrcz &amp; Viloria n. ssp., HOLOTYPE (male, vía Naranjal); 40. C. medeba pittieri Pyrcz &amp; Viloria n. ssp., PARATYPE (female, vía Naranjal); 41. Corades pannonia pannonia Hewitson (male, vía Naranjal); 42. C. pannonia pannonia Hewitson (female, Colonia Tovar); 43. Manerebia mycalesoides (C. &amp; R. Felder) (male, Sector El Tigre); 44. M. mycalesoides (C. &amp; R. Felder) (female, Sector El Tigre)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198124/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
): Head, thorax and abdomen as in other subspecies. FW triangular with a blunt apex, length:
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCDD176FE17594B0064FABD" box="[384,516,1341,1367]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="33.5" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="33.0">33–34 mm</quantity>
, mean: 33.6 mm, n=14. HW oval with slightly scalloped outer margin and a short tail-like extension along vein Cu2. FWD: dark chocolate brown, very slightly lighter than in
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCDD176FA8959150378FA4B" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="medeba" subSpecies="columbina">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FA8959150378FA4B" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. medeba columbina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; a large blackish androconial scale covering two-thirds of wing surface. HWD: uniform dark chocolate brown, lustrous. FWV: dark brown; two faint orange spots in the middle of the discal cell, and in the postdical area in cell M2-M3; a faint whitish costal patch in postdiscal area; subapical and apical area beige dusted with some magenta scales. HWV: ground color silver beige, as compared to olive dark brown in other subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCDD176FEAB5A6B03D9F9DC" box="[316,441,1565,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medeba">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FEAB5A6B03D9F9DC" box="[316,441,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. medeba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; a slightly darker median band with a yellowish discal cell spot at bese of vein Cu1; a row of faint submarginal dark brown dots, not apparent in cell M3-Cu1. Male genitalia (Fig. 57): In the nominate subspecies the valvae are wide and of the same width throughout their length, whereas in
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FA8C5A1E070BF96B" box="[1307,1387,1640,1665]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pittieri</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FF005AFB0375F94C" box="[151,277,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">columbina</emphasis>
they are consistently slender and gradually narrow towards apex; the difference between
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FADC5AFB07FDF94C" box="[1355,1437,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pittieri</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FF5B5AC5032EF926" box="[204,334,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">columbina</emphasis>
are mostly quantitative, and consist in the thinner subunci, shallower saccus and shorter valvae. All the subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCDD176FE6F5AAE0018F91B" box="[504,632,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medeba">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FE6F5AAE0018F91B" box="[504,632,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. medeba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have serrate subunci on dorsal surface near the tip, a character not found in other
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCDD176FED35A8B03C7F8FC" box="[324,423,1789,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FED35A8B03C7F8FC" box="[324,423,1789,1814]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corades</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAFC07FFCDD177FF525B540374FEC8" blockId="6.[151,1437,1117,2002]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,1148]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
FEMALE (
<figureCitation id="135EE082FFCDD176FED85B5403CDF8D6" box="[335,429,1826,1852]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 44" captionStartId="36.[151,269,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[266,1327,181,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[240,1358,172,1848]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 44. Adult satyrine butterflies from the Cordillera de La Costa, Venezuela (left: dorsal, right: ventral); 37. Corades enyo enyo Hewitson (male, Los Colonos); 38. C. enyo enyo Hewitson (Los Colonos); 39. Corades medeba pittieri Pyrcz &amp; Viloria n. ssp., HOLOTYPE (male, vía Naranjal); 40. C. medeba pittieri Pyrcz &amp; Viloria n. ssp., PARATYPE (female, vía Naranjal); 41. Corades pannonia pannonia Hewitson (male, vía Naranjal); 42. C. pannonia pannonia Hewitson (female, Colonia Tovar); 43. Manerebia mycalesoides (C. &amp; R. Felder) (male, Sector El Tigre); 44. M. mycalesoides (C. &amp; R. Felder) (female, Sector El Tigre)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198124/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
): FW length: 34.5–
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCDD176FD0A5B540094F8D6" box="[669,756,1826,1852]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
, mean: 34.7 mm, n=3. FWD: medium brown, glossy; a small median orange patch in M3-Cu1; two whitish postdiscal costal patches; two diffused whitish subapical patches, dusted with brown; a row of four submarginal small orange patches in M2-M3 to Cu1-Cu2 (FWD pattern variable as in all subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCDD176FDF95BE50090F846" box="[622,752,1939,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medeba">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCDD176FDF95BE50090F846" box="[622,752,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. medeba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). HWD: medium brown, lustrous; faint, diffused orange markings in postdiscal area. FWV: dark brown; costa, apex and outer margin very light beige; a short orange discal streak; a roughly rounded orange postdiscal patch in M3-Cu1; a row of four oval postdiscal orange patches in M2-M3 to Cu1-Cu2. HWV: very light beige with some brown ripple-like pattern on the entire wing surface without any noticeable concentration; a very slightly darker median band. Female genitalia: not illustrated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAFC07FFCCD177FF525D5B060CFCED" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1148]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FF525D5B0375FEAD" bold="true" box="[197,277,301,327]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<typeStatus id="54DE42A5FFCCD177FF525D5B036CFEAD" box="[197,268,301,327]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Types</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54DE42A5FFCCD177FE885D5B03ECFEAD" box="[287,396,301,327]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(male):
<collectingCountry id="F372BC97FFCCD177FE675D5B000BFEAD" box="[496,619,301,327]" name="Venezuela" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, Aragua State, Colonia Tovar, La Entrada,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FBF25D5B0680FEAD" box="[1125,1248,301,327]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1993-05-22">22.V.1993</date>
, P. Rouche
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FAFE5D5B07EDFEAC" box="[1385,1421,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">leg</emphasis>
., MIZA; Allotype (female):
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FE445D24005EFE86" box="[467,574,338,364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
: Colonia Tovar, Los Colonos,
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FC315D24062BFE86" box="[934,1099,338,364]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.125" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2125.0" valueMax="2150.0" valueMin="2100.0">2100–2150 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FBC05D240693FE86" box="[1111,1267,338,364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2003-08-06">06.VIII.2003</date>
, T. Pyrcz
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FAFE5D2407EDFE81" box="[1385,1421,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">leg</emphasis>
., TWP;
<typeStatus id="54DE42A5FFCCD177FF725D0E0338FE78" box="[229,344,376,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FEFD5D0E03B5FE78" box="[362,469,376,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">37 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FD875D0E00EAFE78" box="[528,650,376,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
): ARAGUA:
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FCBB5D0E01E1FE78" box="[812,897,376,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
: Colonia Tovar,
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FBD15D0E0686FE78" box="[1094,1254,376,402]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2000.0" valueMax="2100.0" valueMin="1900.0">1900–2100m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FB655D0E071AFE78" box="[1266,1402,376,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1997-11-11">11.XI.1997</date>
, P. Boyer
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FF715DEB0372FE5C" box="[230,274,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">leg.</emphasis>
, PBF;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FEF15DEB03A5FE5D" box="[358,453,413,439]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
: same data but
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FDEC5DEB009AFE5D" box="[635,762,413,439]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1997-10-01">01.X.1997</date>
, PBF;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FCDC5DEB01C0FE5D" box="[843,928,413,439]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
: same data but
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FBC25DEB0688FE5D" box="[1109,1256,413,439]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1994-12-03">03.XII.1994</date>
, PBF;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FAAE5DEB07F8FE5D" box="[1337,1432,413,439]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
: Colonia Tovar,
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FEC75DB403CDFE36" box="[336,429,450,476]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FE2D5DB4005FFE36" box="[442,575,450,476]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1950-12-04">4.XII.1950</date>
, F. Fernández Y.
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FC995DB40152FE31" box="[782,818,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">leg</emphasis>
., MIZA;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FC315DB40666FE36" box="[934,1030,450,476]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
: Colonia Tovar, vía Cuesta Maya,
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FF005D9E0294FDE8" box="[151,244,488,514]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FE975D9E031BFDE8" box="[256,379,488,514]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1996-05-14">14.V.1996</date>
, J. DeMarmels
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FDA35D9E0038FDEB" box="[564,600,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">leg</emphasis>
., MIZA;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FD5D5D9E014AFDE8" box="[714,810,488,514]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
: Colonia Tovar, vía Naranjal,
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FB1A5D9E0689FDE8" box="[1165,1257,488,514]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FB615D9E070EFDE8" box="[1270,1390,488,514]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2004-03-07">7.III.2004</date>
, M. Costa
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FF765E7B0365FDCC" box="[225,261,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">leg</emphasis>
., MCC;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FEFA5E7B03ACFDCD" box="[365,460,525,551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
: same data but
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FD155E7B0168FDCD" box="[642,776,525,551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2004-03-20">20.III.2004</date>
, MCC;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FCF15E7B01A0FDCD" box="[870,960,525,551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">1 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FC6D5E7B0605FDCD" box="[1018,1125,525,551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
: same data but
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FA8C5E7B07F7FDCD" box="[1307,1431,525,551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2004-02-28">28.II.2004</date>
, MCC;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FF7A5E440334FDA6" box="[237,340,562,588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
: Colonia Tovar,
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FDB25E4400E8FDA6" box="[549,648,562,588]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FD015E44017CFDA6" box="[662,796,562,588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1984-02-27">27.II.1984</date>
, M. Costa
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FC305E4401ADFDA1" box="[935,973,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">leg</emphasis>
., MCC;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FBA95E4406C4FDA6" box="[1086,1188,562,588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
: Colonia Tovar, vía Naranjal,
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FE8F5E2E031DFD98" box="[280,381,600,626]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FE1C5E2E0041FD98" box="[395,545,600,626]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2004-11-01">01.XI.2004</date>
, T. Pyrcz
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FD325E2E00ADFD9B" box="[677,717,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">leg</emphasis>
., TWP;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FCAB5E2E01C6FD98" box="[828,934,600,626]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
: Colonia Tovar, Los Colonos,
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FAA45E2E07F8FD98" box="[1331,1432,600,626]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FF005E0B0353FD7D" box="[151,307,637,663]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2003-08-06">06.VIII.2003</date>
, T. Pyrcz
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FE3F5E0B03ACFD7C" box="[424,460,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">leg</emphasis>
., 1 MZUJ, 1 BMNH, 3 TWP;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FCA15E0B01E9FD7D" box="[822,905,637,663]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
: Colonia Tovar,
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FBDC5E0B06C7FD7D" box="[1099,1191,637,663]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FB245E0B0775FD7D" box="[1203,1301,637,663]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-03">III.1995</date>
, F. Romero
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FF005ED402DBFD51" box="[151,187,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">leg</emphasis>
., FRR;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FE8E5ED40315FD56" box="[281,373,674,700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FE385ED4007BFD56" box="[431,539,674,700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
: same data but 2100,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FC8B5ED4011CFD56" box="[796,892,674,700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1993-04">IV.1993</date>
, FRR;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FC475ED40645FD56" box="[976,1061,674,700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
: same data but
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FB4B5ED40759FD56" box="[1244,1337,674,700]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
, FRR;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FA1A5ED402BDFD08" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FE8E5EBE03F2FD08" box="[281,402,712,738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
: same data but
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FDDA5EBE00CBFD08" box="[589,683,712,738]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</quantity>
, FRR;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FC955EBE0104FD08" box="[770,868,712,738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
: sama data but
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FB895EBE061DFD08" box="[1054,1149,712,738]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FB1D5EBE068CFD08" box="[1162,1260,712,738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1982-04">IV.1982</date>
, FRR;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FAD55EBE07F9FD08" box="[1346,1433,712,738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
: same data but
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FEA85E9B03FBFCED" box="[319,411,749,775]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FE305E9B0066FCED" box="[423,518,749,775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1983-04">IV.1983</date>
, FRR;
<specimenCount id="9D63378EFFCCD177FDCE5E9B00CCFCED" box="[601,684,749,775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
: same data but
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FCF75E9B01DBFCED" box="[864,955,749,775]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDAC7FFCCD177FC505E9B0640FCED" box="[967,1056,749,775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-10">X.1995</date>
, FRR.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37FAF8CFFCCD177FF525F640690FBE6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BDAFC07FFCCD177FF525F6400A1FC9D" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1148]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FF525F640335FCC6" bold="true" box="[197,341,786,812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etymology:</emphasis>
Named after Henri Pittier, a Swiss-American botanist and naturalist, promoter of the creation of a research station in Rancho Grande and a protected area of cloud forest in the Cordillera de la Costa currently known as Henri Pittier National Park.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAFC07FFCCD177FF525FF40337FC28" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1148]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FF525FF403CFFC76" bold="true" box="[197,431,898,924]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Geographic range:</emphasis>
Species: CC, CM, throughout
<collectingCountry id="F372BC97FFCCD177FC8F5FF401EFFC76" box="[792,911,898,924]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F372BC97FFCCD177FC0E5FF4019CFC76" box="[921,1020,898,924]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, eastern slopes in
<collectingCountry id="F372BC97FFCCD177FB585FF40765FC76" box="[1231,1285,898,924]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Peru</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F372BC97FFCCD177FAAA5FF407F7FC76" box="[1341,1431,898,924]" name="Bolivia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
; Subspecies: CC.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAFC07FFCCD177FF525FBB0690FBE6" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1148]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FF525FBB03DCFC0D" bold="true" box="[197,444,973,999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Altitudinal range:</emphasis>
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FE525FBB0015FC0D" box="[453,629,973,999]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.575" metricValueMax="2.85" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2575.0" valueMax="2850.0" valueMin="2300.0">2300–2850 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF481F6FFCCD177FD105FBB0158FC0D" author="Adams" box="[647,824,973,999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Adams, M. J. (1986) Pronophiline butterflies (Satyridae) of the three Andean Cordilleras of Colombia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 87, 235 - 320." type="journal article" year="1986">Adams, 1986</bibRefCitation>
);
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FCC75FBB019FFC0D" box="[848,1023,973,999]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2350.0" valueMax="2400.0" valueMin="2300.0">2300–2400 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF481F6FFCCD177FB865FBB073AFC0D" author="Pyrcz" box="[1041,1370,973,999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Pyrcz, T. W. &amp; Wojtusiak, J. (2002) The vertical distribution of pronophiline butterflies (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) along an elevational transect in Monte Zerpa (Cordillera de Merida, Venezuela) with remarks on their diversity and parapatric distribution. Global Ecology &amp; Biogeography, 11, 211 - 221." type="journal article" year="2002">Pyrcz &amp; Wojtusiak, 2002</bibRefCitation>
) ssp.
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FF005F840373FBE1" box="[151,275,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">columbina</emphasis>
Thieme;
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FE155F840045FBE6" box="[386,549,1010,1036]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2200.0" valueMax="2400.0" valueMin="2000.0">2000–2400 m</quantity>
(Pyrcz, 2004) ssp.
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCCD177FC905F8401BDFBE6" authority="Hewitson" authorityName="Hewitson" box="[775,989,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medeba">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FC905F840102FBE1" box="[775,866,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">medeba</emphasis>
Hewitson
</taxonomicName>
; 1800–&gt;
<quantity id="4C9D51E2FFCCD177FBD55F8406FCFBE6" box="[1090,1180,1010,1036]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2400.0">2400 m</quantity>
in CC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37FAF8CFFCCD177FF52586106A7FB96" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDAFC07FFCCD177FF52586106A7FB96" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1148]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FF5258610321FBDB" bold="true" box="[197,321,1047,1073]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks:</emphasis>
Polytypic, and as widespread as
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCCD177FD58586E0103FBDB" box="[719,867,1048,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pannonia">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FD58586E0103FBDB" box="[719,867,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. pannonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is less common than
<taxonomicName id="4C658784FFCCD177FB1E586E0684FBDB" box="[1161,1252,1048,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enyo">
<emphasis id="B9112015FFCCD177FB1E586E0684FBDB" box="[1161,1252,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. enyo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the CC, still frequently encountered along forest trails, usually perching and patrolling in the subcanopy, engaging in aerial fights with the congeners, and occasionally coming to the ground to feed on organic matter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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